Chapter.4 Test Bank Docx Jail And Detention Facilities

Chapter 4: Jail and Detention Facilities

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. The use and operation of jail facilities can be traced back to ______.

a. Spain

b. France

c. Russia

d. England

Learning Objective: 4.1: Describe the evolution of jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Jails in the Past

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Jails in England were referred to as ______ during the Middle Ages.

a. gaols

b. towers

c. dungeons

d. vaults

Learning Objective: 4.1: Describe the evolution of jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Jails in the Past

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), ______ are defined as “locally-operated correctional facilities that confine persons before or after adjudication. Inmates who are incarcerated have a sentence of a year or less, but the facility also incarcerates people in a wide variety of other categories.”

a. prisons

b. jails

c. mental institutions

d. day reporting centers

Learning Objective: 4.1: Describe the evolution of jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Modern Jail

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Most jails are operated by ______.

a. county-level law enforcement

b. state-level law enforcement

c. bureau of prisons (BOP)

d. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

Learning Objective: 4.1: Describe the evolution of jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Modern Jail

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. At midyear 2016, only ______ of jail bed space was occupied. This is a significant decline from 95% occupancy in 2007.

a. 45%

b. 90%

c. 80%

d. 15%

Learning Objective: 4.1: Describe the evolution of jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge and Comprehension

Answer Location: The Modern Jail

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. The majority of infractions that entail contact with jails include misdemeanor crimes, ______ issues, domestic crimes, and public safety issues.

a. violent

b. gang-Related

c. substance abuse

d. white-collar

Learning Objective: 4.1: Describe the evolution of jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge and Comprehension

Answer Location: The Modern Jail

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Individuals cycling in and out of the facility, large number of persons with mental disturbances, and homeless inmate are issues commonly facing ______.

a. metropolitan jails

b. rural jails

c. rural prisons

d. parole boards

Learning Objective: 4.2: Compare issues for large metropolitan jails to those for small rural jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge and Comprehension

Answer Location: Metropolitan Jail Systems

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. The most important area in short-term and long-term jail facilities is where intakes occur and is usually called the ______ area.

a. processing

b. booking

c. classifying

d. transfer

Learning Objective: 4.3: Compare the differences between jails as short-term institutions and jails as long-term institutions.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Booking Area

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. What is designed for module checks of inmates in and out of a facility by scanning inmate identification tags and providing accurate historical tracking records?

a. inmate log

b. classification journal

c. mobile inmate tracking

d. mobile guard tracking

Learning Objective: 4.2: Compare issues for large metropolitan jails to those for small rural jails. | 4.3 Compare the differences between jails as short-term institutions and jails as long-term institutions.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Information Technology and Integration

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Which state developed the matrix system, a system designed to release inmates early from the jail when the facility’s population exceeds the capacity of the structure?

a. Texas

b. California

c. Washington

d. Oregon

Learning Objective: 4.6: Identify special types of sentencing options in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Jail Overcrowding and the Matrix Classification System

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. What programs tend to be interlaced with probation and parole agencies as a means of integrating the supervisory functions of both the jail and the community supervision agencies?

a. jail reentry programs

b. jail relapse programs

c. community service programs

d. jail recidivism programs

Learning Objective: 4.6: Identify special types of sentencing options in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Innovations in Jail Operations

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Which is not a common specialized need that emerges in the jail setting?

a. economic issues of offenders

b. mental health issues of offenders

c. hygiene complaints of offenders

d. food complaints of offenders

Learning Objective: 4.7: Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Mental Health Issues in Jails

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. Data from the Bureau of Justice Statistics indicate that roughly ______ of all jail inmates have a mental health problem.

a. 64%

b. 92%

c. 23%

d. 45%

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Mental Health Issues in Jails

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. When discussing jail suicide, it is important to understand that during any given year the total number of incidents fluctuates but is at or around ______ inmates.

a. 100

b. 300

c. 900

d. 450

e. 550

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Jail Suicide

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Only 38.1% of inmates who committed suicide were identified as having a history of ______ during the intake process.

a. substance abuse

b. domestic abuse

c. violent tendencies

d. mental illness

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Jail Suicide

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. Jail inmates tend to have mental health problems with specific diagnoses that include all of the following except ______.

a. mania

b. psychotic disorders

c. major depression

d. economic issues

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Mental Health Issues in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. ______ is designed for persons dependent on narcotic drugs (e.g., heroin, opium) and is typically found in inpatient settings with programs that last for 7 to 21 days.

a. Detoxification

b. Incarceration

c. Retribution

d. Confinement

Learning Objective: 4.7: Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Substance-Abusing Offenders in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. ______ is short term of incarceration followed by a specified term of community supervision in hopes of deterring the offender from recidivating.

a. Incarceration

b. Shock incarceration

c. Booking

d. Community service

Learning Objective: 4.7: Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Shock Incarceration/Split Sentences

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. Tight budgets, limited training of staff, and lack of medical services are all problems facing ______.

a. state prisons

b. booking

c. metropolitan jails

d. rural jails

Learning Objective: 4.2: Compare issues for large metropolitan jails to those for small rural jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Rural Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. ______ are underpaid in relation to other law enforcement officers.

a. County correctional officers

b. State appointed lawyers

c. State police troopers

d. County sheriff’s deputies

Learning Objective: 4.5: Discuss challenges with jail staff, staff motivation, and training.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Other Employee Issues

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. In the United States, the concept of “innocent until proven guilty” creates many problems for local jails. Which portion of the jail population is in direct conflict with the presumption of innocence?

a. individuals being held for military tribunal

b. persons awaiting transfer to state correctional facilities

c. pretrial detainees

d. inmates awaiting transfer to another federal correctional facility

Learning Objective: 4.2: Compare issues for large metropolitan jails to those for small rural jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application and Comprehension

Answer Location: Specialized Types of Jail Sentences

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. ______ are devised so that programming provided on the outside does not end at the jail facility.

a. Short-term jails

b. Long-term prisons

c. Work release

d. Community jails

Learning Objective: 4.2: Compare issues for large metropolitan jails to those for small rural jails. | 4.3 Compare the differences between jails as short-term institutions and jails as long-term institutions.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Innovations Jail Operations

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. This design intends to allow the staff to supervise the inmate population while negating the ability of predatory inmates to control a cell block or dormitory.

a. indirect-supervision jails

b. direct-supervision jails

c. sharp-supervision jails

d. solitary confinement jails

Learning Objective: 4.1: Describe the evolution of jails. | 4.5 Discuss challenges with jail staff, staff motivation, and training.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Podular Direct-Supervision Jails

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. The use of jails for long-term inmates can be traced to three broad reasons. Which is not one of the reasons?

a. The use of longer jail sentences has resulted in more extensive use of jails in many jurisdictions.

b. Many local and regional jurisdictions have been required to house inmates who have been sentenced to state prisons.

c. Some local jurisdictions have leased out beds to other jurisdictions.

d. the shutting down of many smaller jails

Learning Objective: 4.3: Compare the differences between jails as short-term institutions and jails as long-term institutions.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge and Application

Answer Location: Jails as Long-Term Facilities

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. Work that individuals conduct in the hope of repaying their debt to society after being found at fault for committing a criminal or deviant offense is known as ______.

a. weekend confinement

b. community service

c. shock incarceration

d. split sentence

Learning Objective: 4.6: Identify special types of sentencing options in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge and Comprehension

Answer Location: Innovations in Jail Operations

Difficulty Level: Medium

26. This system provides all the information needed to manage data and processes for jails of any size or complexity.

a. CCTV

b. SENTRY

c. SmartJAIL

d. Smart Sense

Learning Objective: 4.7: Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Information Technology and Integration

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. These inmates are more likely to have medical problems than other inmates.

a. male inmates

b. young inmates

c. security threat group inmates

d. elderly inmates

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails. | 7. Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Health Care in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. Common communicable diseases found in jails include the following:

a. hepatitis B

b. tuberculosis

c. hepatitis A

d. all of these

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Communicable Diseases in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

29. The Bureau of Prisons (BOP) established a training school for sheriffs and jailers in ______.

a. 1948

b. 1957

c. 1994

d. 1919

Learning Objective: 4.5: Discuss challenges with jail staff, staff motivation, and training.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Jail Training Standards

Difficulty Level: Easy

30. Requirements of the ______ are used to guide agencies and training facilities in a number of states toward ensuring that jail officers have the requisite skills needed to perform their job assignment(s).

a. Jail Training Standards (JTS)

b. Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST)

c. Peace Officer Review (POR)

d. Jailer Official Review (JOR)

Learning Objective: 4.5: Discuss challenges with jail staff, staff motivation, and training.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge and Comprehension

Answer Location: Evolving Professionalism

Difficulty Level: Easy

31. Which agency established a training school for sheriffs and jailers in 1948?

A. the Bureau of Investigations

B. Air Marshal

C. Department of Defense (DOD)

D. Bureau of Prisons (BOP)

Learning Objective: 4.5: Discuss challenges with jail staff, staff motivation, and training.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Jail Training Standards

Difficulty Level: Easy

32. Which prison or jail design intends to allow the staff to supervise the inmate population while negating the ability of predatory inmates to control a cell block or dormitory?

a. indirect-supervision jails

b. direct-supervision jails

c. sharp-supervision jails

d. solitary confinement jails

Learning Objective: 4.1: Describe the evolution of jails. | 4.5 Discuss challenges with jail staff, staff motivation, and training.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Podular Direct-Supervision Jails

Difficulty Level: Medium

33. The SmartJAIL system provides all the ______ needed to manage data and processes for jails of any size or complexity.

a. costs

b. information

c. robots

d. staff

Learning Objective: 4.7: Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Information Technology and Integration

Difficulty Level: Easy

34. ______-term jails are facilities that hold sentenced inmates for no more than 1 year.

a. Short

b. Long

c. Medium

d. Extended

Learning Objective: 4.3: Compare the differences between jails as short-term institutions and jails as long-term institutions.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Jails as Short-Term Institutions

Difficulty Level: Easy

35. ______ jails can charge a fee to other jurisdictions to house inmates from that jurisdiction.

a. County

b. Federal

c. Military

d. Nationalized

Learning Objective: 4.7: Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Jails as Overflow Facilities: For a Fee

Difficulty Level: Easy

36. Over the past several years, which group of inmates continues to increase in jails throughout the nation?

a. male

b. Asian

c. female

d. Hispanic

Learning Objective: 4.7: Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Issues With Booking Female Inmates

Difficulty Level: Easy

37. Which of the following is not a common communicable disease found in jails?

A. hepatitis B

B. tuberculosis

C. hepatitis A

D. polio

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Communicable Diseases in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

38. Shock incarceration is a short term of incarceration followed by a specified term of community supervision in hopes of deterring the offender from ______.

a. recidivating

b. probation

c. parole

d. gang associations

Learning Objective: 4.7: Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Shock Incarceration/Split Sentences

Difficulty Level: Medium

39. What is designed for persons dependent on narcotic drugs (e.g., heroin, opium) and is typically found in inpatient settings with programs that last for 7 to 21 days?

a. detoxification

b. incarceration

c. retribution

d. confinement

Learning Objective: 4.7: Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Substance-Abusing Offenders in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

40. When discussing jail ______, it is important to understand that during any given year the total number of incidents fluctuates but is at or around 300 inmates.

a. rape

b. fights

c. assaults

d. suicide

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Jail Suicide

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. Short-term jails are facilities that hold sentenced inmates for no more than 1 year.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Compare the differences between jails as short-term institutions and jails as long-term institutions.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Jails as Short-Term Institutions

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. The sally port is used as a location where inmates can be transported into the bay area with the front gate closed behind them.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Compare the differences between jails as short-term institutions and jails as long-term institutions.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Booking Area

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Jail commissions track inmate banking and purchasing at the commissary.

Learning Objective: 4.2: Compare issues for large metropolitan jails to those for small rural jails. | 4.3 Compare the differences between jails as short-term institutions and jails as long-term institutions.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Information Technology and Integration

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. As crowding in state prisons became a longer term problem, many jails began to hold sentenced inmates for anywhere from 10 to 15 years in duration.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Compare the differences between jails as short-term institutions and jails as long-term institutions.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Jails as Long-Term Facilities

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Older jail inmates have been found to be more likely than younger inmates to report ever having a chronic condition or infectious disease.

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Health Care in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. When considering the characteristics of jail suicide decedents, the overwhelming majority are male.

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Jail Suicide

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Detoxification is designed for persons dependent on narcotic drugs (e.g., heroin, opium) and is typically found in inpatient settings with programs that last for 2 to 4 days.

Learning Objective: 4.7: Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Substance-Abusing Offenders in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. County jails cannot charge a fee to other jurisdictions to house inmates from that jurisdiction.

Learning Objective: 4.7: Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Jails as Overflow Facilities: For a Fee

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Only 7% of all jail suicides occur while an inmate is on suicide watch.

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Jail Suicide

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Approximately 25.2% of jail inmates were found to have both a substance abuse disorder and a mental health disorder.

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Substance-Abusing Offenders in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. Weekend confinement is used to lessen the negative impact of short-term incarceration and to allow those in custody to maintain their employment.

Learning Objective: 4.6: Identify special types of sentencing options in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Weekend Confinement

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. The Affordable Healthcare Act guides professionals on matters regarding the confidentiality of medical information.

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Clinics, Sick Call, and Standards of Care

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. A lockup is often a police-operated facility where individuals who have been arrested can be held for up to 7 days.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Compare the differences between jails as short-term institutions and jails as long-term institutions.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Jails as Short-Term Institutions

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. African American males are more likely to commit suicide in jail than any other group.

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails. | 7. Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Jail Suicide

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Blood-borne and airborne pathogens are a common part of operations within most jail facilities.

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails. | 7. Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Communicable Diseases in Jails

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. While larger jail systems may have more staff and the ability to provide more extensive services than systems located in rural regions of the United States, it seems that these services are just enough to meet the demand.

Learning Objective: 4.2: Compare issues for large metropolitan jails to those for small rural jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Metropolitan Jail Systems

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. The majority of correctional officers are female.

Learning Objective: 4.5: Discuss challenges with jail staff, staff motivation, and training.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Challenges Faced by Female Staff

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. Female inmates indicated a cancer rate that was nearly 8 times that of male inmates, with the most common form of cancer for women being cervical.

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Health Care in Jails

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. One of the largest health care systems that exist within the United States can be found in prisons and work release programs.

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Health Care in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. One of the most direct means of increasing professionalism in the jailer’s career track is to utilize coequal staffing.

Learning Objective: 4.5: Discuss challenges with jail staff, staff motivation, and training.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Evolving Professionalism

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. Inmates processed in jail intake units commonly do not reflect the cultural and linguistic diversity that exists throughout the United States.

Learning Objective: 4.7: Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Language, Ethnic Diversity, and the Selection of Staff

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) employees run most of the facilities housing illegal aliens who have violated criminal statutes.

Learning Objective: 4.7: Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Jails and Immigration Detention

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. The most important area in both short-term and long-term facilities is the sally port.

Learning Objective: 4.2: Compare issues for large metropolitan jails to those for small rural jails. | 4.3 Compare the differences between jails as short-term institutions and jails as long-term institutions.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Booking Area

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. In the past few years, there has been a decline in the number of females who are housed in jails.

Learning Objective: 4.7: Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Issues With Booking Female Inmates

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. The SmartJAIL system tracks and manages all aspects of an inmate’s stay in a correctional facility.

Learning Objective: 4.7: Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Information Technology and Integration

Difficulty Level: Easy

Short Answer

1. Define detoxification. What are the objectives of detoxification?

Learning Objective: 4.6: Identify special types of sentencing options in jails. | 4.7 Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge and Application

Answer Location: Substance-Abusing Offenders in Jails

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. What are some common problems with rural jails in America?

Learning Objective: 4.2: Compare issues for large metropolitan jails to those for small rural jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Rural Jails

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Define shock incarceration. What is the purpose of shock incarceration?

Learning Objective: 4.6: Identify special types of sentencing options in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Shock Incarceration/Split Sentences

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. What is the Public Safety Realignment (PSR) policy in California? Why did the state institute the policy?

Learning Objective: 4.7: Identify special needs inmates within the jail environment.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge and Application

Answer Location: Local Jails that House State Inmates

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Explain the purpose of long-term jail facilities.

Learning Objective: 4.3: Compare the differences between jails as short-term institutions and jails as long-term institutions.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Booking Area

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. How have communicable diseases affected jail operations during recent years?

Learning Objective: 4.3: Compare the differences between jails as short-term institutions and jails as long-term institutions.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Communicable Diseases in Jails

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Explain the podular jail components.

Learning Objective: 4.1: Describe the evolution of jails. | 4.3 Compare the differences between jails as short-term institutions and jails as long-term institutions.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Podular Direct-Supervision Jails

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. What are gaols and how were the used?

Learning Objective: 4.1: Describe the evolution of jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Jails in the Past

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. Discuss the characteristics and challenges of metropolitan jail systems in America.

Learning Objective: 4.2: Compare issues for large metropolitan jails to those for small rural jails. | 4.4 Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails. | 4.5 Discuss challenges with jail staff, staff motivation, and training.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension and Analysis

Answer Location: Metropolitan Jail Systems

Difficulty Level: Medium/Hard

2. Identify and define three specialized jail sentences that are “middle road” forms of custody. In addition, identify which type of offenders commonly receive each sentence.

Learning Objective: 4.6: Identify special types of sentencing options in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension and Analysis

Answer Location: Shock Incarceration/Split Sentences

Difficulty Level: Medium/Hard

3. Discuss the problem of mental health issues in jail facilities around America.

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension and Analysis

Answer Location: Mental Health Issues in Jails

Difficulty Level: Medium/Hard

4. Explain the Public Safety Realignment (PSR) policy and how the Supreme Court reacted to the policy.

Learning Objective: 4.4: Discuss the state and challenges of health care in jails.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension and Analysis

Answer Location: Local Jails That House State Inmates

Difficulty Level: Medium/Hard