Chapter 4 Complete Test Bank Diversity And Multiculturalism

CHAPTER 4

Diversity and Multiculturalism

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following phrases did former Prime Minister Joe Clark use to describe Canada?
   1. "A community of communities"
   2. "A nation of communities"
   3. "A land of communities"
   4. "A family of communities"
   5. "A country of communities"
2. Which of the following groups were, for much of Canada's history, referred to without hesitation as the founding nations or "charter groups"?
   1. Immigrants and settlers
   2. French-speaking Catholics and English-speaking Protestants
   3. Liberals and Conservatives
   4. Inuit and Métis
   5. Old World and New World
3. Who was the major spokesperson for French Canada at the time of Confederation?
   1. Thomas D'Arcy McGee
   2. Wilfrid Laurier
   3. John A. Macdonald
   4. George-Étienne Cartier
   5. Joseph Howe
4. In what year was the Multiculturalism Act passed?
   1. 1930
   2. 1867
   3. 1949
   4. 1971
   5. 1848
5. As of 2016, roughly what proportion of Canadians were visible minorities?
   1. One-quarter
   2. One-fifth
   3. One-third
   4. One-tenth
   5. Half
6. What recognition did non-English and non-French groups demand during the B&B Commission?
   1. Official recognition as a culture
   2. Official recognition of independence
   3. Official recognition as a community
   4. Official recognition as a multicultural society
   5. Official recognition as a province
7. What percentage of respondents to the 1871 census identified as having British Isles ancestry?
   1. 71 per cent
   2. 31 per cent
   3. 51 per cent
   4. 61 per cent
   5. 41 per cent
8. What percentage of respondents to the 1871 census identified as having French ancestry?
   1. 61 per cent
   2. 51 per cent
   3. 41 per cent
   4. 71 per cent
   5. 31 per cent
9. According to the 2016 census, what percentage of Toronto's population is comprised of visible minorities?
   1. 21 per cent
   2. 11 per cent
   3. 51 per cent
   4. 41 per cent
   5. 31 per cent
10. For most of Canada's history, what were the major sources of immigration?
    1. The Middle East and Europe
    2. Asia and the Unites States
    3. Europe and Africa
    4. Central and South America
    5. Europe and the United States
11. Recently, what have been the leading sources of immigration to Canada?
    1. European countries
    2. Caribbean countries
    3. South American countries
    4. African countries
    5. Asian countries
12. Which Canadian metropolitan area had the highest percentage of visible minorities in 2016?
    1. Montreal
    2. Ottawa
    3. Toronto
    4. Calgary
    5. Vancouver
13. People belonging to non-Christian religions account for roughly what percentage of the Canadian population?
    1. 4 per cent
    2. 8 per cent
    3. 12 per cent
    4. 9 per cent
    5. 2 per cent
14. According to the 2016 census, what percentage of Vancouver's population is comprised of visible minorities?
    1. 50 per cent
    2. 25 per cent
    3. 30 per cent
    4. 45 per cent
    5. 10 per cent
15. In 2006, what did the Supreme Court rule was protected by the Charter to wear in schools for religious reasons?
    1. Yarmulke
    2. Kirpan
    3. Cross
    4. Niqab
    5. Burqa
16. In 1871, what was the combined percentage of Canadians who affiliated with Catholic or Protestant religions?
    1. 50 per cent
    2. 75 per cent
    3. 100 per cent
    4. 95 per cent
    5. 25 per cent
17. What proportion of Canadians are affiliated with Catholic or Protestant religions?
    1. One-fifth
    2. Three-quarters
    3. Two-thirds
    4. One half
    5. One-quarter
18. In a 2013 survey, what percentage of Canadians agreed with the statement "I feel my identity is threatened when I see people wearing a turban, hijab, or kippa"?
    1. 23 per cent
    2. 3 per cent
    3. 32 per cent
    4. 43 per cent
    5. 12 per cent
19. What percentage of respondents to the 1871 census identified as not having English or French ancestry?
    1. 38 per cent
    2. 8 per cent
    3. 18 per cent
    4. 48 per cent
    5. 28 per cent
20. What percentage of respondents to the 1971 census identified as having British Isles ancestry?
    1. 24 per cent
    2. 44 per cent
    3. 4 per cent
    4. 34 per cent
    5. 14 per cent
21. What was multiculturalism in Canada "given" in 1972?
    1. Constitutional recognition
    2. Provincial standing
    3. A royal commission
    4. National slogans
    5. A minister of state
22. What has been described as the first official confirmation of the status and the rights of a particular segment of the Canadian population?
    1. Multiculturalism Act, 1971
    2. British North America Act of 1867
    3. Bill of Rights, 1960
    4. Quebec Act of 1774
    5. Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
23. What document recognized the presence and rights of "the several Nations or Tribes of Indians with whom we are connected, and who live under our protection"?
    1. Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
    2. Royal Proclamation of 1763
    3. Bill of Rights, 1960
    4. British North America Act of 1867
    5. Multiculturalism Act, 1971
24. What section of the Constitution Act, 1982 embeds the treaty rights of Indigenous peoples in Canada?
    1. 15
    2. 93
    3. 35
    4. 92
    5. 91
25. What section of the Constitution Act, 1867 recognized the Catholic and Protestant religions for schooling purposes?
    1. 35
    2. 91
    3. 93
    4. 92
    5. 15
26. How much money was distributed to groups and projects by Canadian Heritage in the 2017 fiscal year?
    1. $100,000
    2. $10,000,000
    3. $1,000,000
    4. $1.1 billion
    5. $10,000
27. Which of the following groups received funding from Canadian Heritage?
    1. Ukrainian Canadian Congress
    2. Iranian-Canadian Centre for Art and Culture
    3. Caribbean Promotions Arts and Culture
    4. Indigenous Languages Initiative
    5. All of the above
28. Through which entities is Canadian multiculturalism detected at the federal level?
    1. The National Film Board
    2. The CBC
    3. The Department of Canadian Heritage
    4. Telefilm Canada
    5. All of the above
29. What percentage of Sir John A. Macdonald's 1878 cabinet had British Isles ethnic origins?
    1. 10 per cent
    2. 80 per cent
    3. 40 per cent
    4. 20 per cent
    5. 60 per cent
30. How many members of Stephen Harper's 2018 31-member cabinet were born outside of Canada?
    1. 19
    2. 2
    3. 15
    4. 4
    5. 11
31. What percentage of respondents to the 1971 census identified as having French ancestry?
    1. 49 per cent
    2. 39 per cent
    3. 9 per cent
    4. 19 per cent
    5. 29 per cent
32. Based on recent figures, Canada ranks second in foreign-born population as a percentage of the total population in G7 countries. Which country is first?
    1. Australia
    2. France
    3. The United Kingdom
    4. The United States
    5. Germany
33. What model of cultural accommodation allows and encourages groups to maintain their languages, religion, and identities?
    1. De facto but contested multiculturalism
    2. Official multiculturalism
    3. Deep diversity multiculturalism
    4. Interculturalism
    5. Universalism
34. What model of cultural accommodation advocates the official recognition of minority cultures and state measures to protect their rights and sustain their practices and beliefs?
    1. De facto but contested multiculturalism
    2. Universalism
    3. Deep diversity multiculturalism
    4. Official multiculturalism
    5. Interculturalism
35. What model of cultural accommodation allows and even encourages the retention of minority cultural identities through state support for cultural organizations, heritage language instruction, inclusion in state symbols, ceremonies, etc.?
    1. Deep diversity multiculturalism
    2. De facto but contested multiculturalism
    3. Official multiculturalism
    4. Universalism
    5. Interculturalism
36. Which of the following jurisdictions has instituted a cultural policy of official multiculturalism?
    1. France
    2. The United States
    3. Australia
    4. Canada
    5. The Netherlands
37. Which of the following jurisdictions has instituted a cultural policy of integration without major accommodation?
    1. The United States
    2. Switzerland
    3. Canada
    4. The Netherlands
    5. France
38. In a 2012 survey, what percentage of Canadians stated that they believe that too many immigrants do not adopt Canadian values?
    1. 70 per cent
    2. 40 per cent
    3. 80 per cent
    4. 50 per cent
    5. 60 per cent
39. What Canadian provincial party has advocated citizenship-value contracts?
    1. Saskatchewan Party
    2. Liberal Party of Newfoundland
    3. Wildrose Party of Alberta
    4. Progressive Conservative Party of Alberta
    5. Parti Québécois
40. When did the number of ethnic studies programs begin to increase on American university campuses?
    1. Mid 1940s
    2. Late 1960s
    3. Late 1930s
    4. Early 1920s
    5. Early 1990s
41. In 2016 how many Canadians reported multiple ancestries?
    1. 21 per cent
    2. 100 per cent
    3. 31 per cent
    4. 41 per cent
    5. 11 per cent
42. In what area is multiculturalism most evident, institutionalized, and contested in American life?
    1. The health care system
    2. The legal system
    3. The political system
    4. The educational system
    5. The social welfare system
43. What did the Bouchard-Taylor report recommend?
    1. Nationalism
    2. Intraculturalism
    3. Interculturalism
    4. Monoculturalism
    5. Multiculturalism
44. Which of the following are measures employed by France and other Western European nations to preserve the fundamental principles of these societies?
    1. Citizenship-census questionnaires
    2. Citizenship-values contracts
    3. Citizenship-commitment oaths
    4. Citizenship-oaths of all allegiance
    5. Citizenship-knowledge courses
45. According to the 2016 census, about two-thirds of immigrants in Quebec came from where?
    1. Countries outside of Europe and the Middle East
    2. Countries outside of Europe and the Caribbean
    3. Countries outside of Europe and Asia
    4. Countries outside of Europe and the United States
    5. Countries outside of Europe and Africa
46. Which of the following has not become a major source of immigration to the province of Quebec?
    1. The Middle East
    2. South America
    3. Asia
    4. The Caribbean
    5. Africa
47. Who was the Quebec Premier who responded to the Bouchard-Taylor Commission?
    1. Pauline Marois
    2. Lucien Bouchard
    3. René Lévesque
    4. Jean Charest
    5. Jacques Parizeau
48. In 2016, how many Canadians claimed Asian ancestry?
    1. 17 per cent
    2. 47 per cent
    3. 27 per cent
    4. 37 per cent
    5. 7 per cent
49. What was the name of the controversial legislation that the Parti Québécois minority government introduced in 2012-13?
    1. Bill of Quebec Rights
    2. Charter of Quebec Laws
    3. Charter of Quebec Values
    4. Bill of Quebec Traditions
    5. Quebec Charter of Rights
50. What eliminated racial discrimination and ethnic favouritism and established a points system?
    1. Bill of Rights, 1960
    2. Multiculturalism Act, 1971
    3. Charter of Rights and Freedoms, 1982
    4. Charter of Quebec Values, 2013
    5. The Immigration Act, 1967
51. John Porter's classic book The Vertical Mosaic, published in 1965, was primarily about which aspect of Canadian society?
    1. Multiculturalism
    2. Indigenous poverty
    3. French-English conflict
    4. Inequality
    5. Feminism
52. How much did immigration from Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean to Canada grow during the 1991-2001 decade?
    1. 67.5 per cent
    2. 77.5 per cent
    3. 47.5 per cent
    4. 57.5 per cent
    5. 37.5 per cent
53. In 2011, how many Canadians claimed to have no religious affiliation?
    1. 24 per cent
    2. 44 per cent
    3. 14 per cent
    4. 4 per cent
    5. 34 per cent
54. Who said the practice of wearing a niqab was "rooted in a culture that is anti-woman"?
    1. Elizabeth May
    2. Stephen Harper
    3. Rona Ambrose
    4. Andrew Scheer
    5. Justin Trudeau
55. In a 2013 survey, what percentage of French-speaking Canadians felt threatened when they see a turban, hijab, or kippa?
    1. 2 per cent
    2. 22 per cent
    3. 52 per cent
    4. 32 per cent
    5. 12 per cent
56. In a 2016 survey how many respondents said that a higher priority should be given to encourage minorities to be more like most Canadians?
    1. Three out of 10
    2. Four out of 10
    3. Five out of 10
    4. Two out of 10
    5. Six out of 10
57. In a CROP/Radio Canada survey what percentage of respondents agreed that other cultures have a lot to contribute and their influences enrich Canada?
    1. 78 per cent in Quebec, 84 per cent in the rest of Canada
    2. 52 per cent in Quebec, 64 per cent in the rest of Canada
    3. 75 per cent in Quebec, 74 per cent in the rest of Canada
    4. 55 per cent in Quebec, 54 per cent in the rest of Canada
    5. 65 per cent in Quebec, 64 per cent in the rest of Canada
58. In a CROP/Radio Canada survey what percentage of respondents agreed that if ethnic groups keep their cultural identity our country will only be more interesting?
    1. 55 per cent in Quebec, 54 per cent in the rest of Canada
    2. 75 per cent in Quebec, 74 per cent in the rest of Canada
    3. 78 per cent in Quebec, 84 per cent in the rest of Canada
    4. 52 per cent in Quebec, 64 per cent in the rest of Canada
    5. 65 per cent in Quebec, 64 per cent in the rest of Canada
59. In a CROP/Radio Canada survey what percentage of respondents agreed that immigrants should have to take a test for 'anti-Canadian' values?
    1. 75 per cent in Quebec, 74 per cent in the rest of Canada
    2. 55 per cent in Quebec, 54 per cent in the rest of Canada
    3. 52 per cent in Quebec, 64 per cent in the rest of Canada
    4. 65 per cent in Quebec, 64 per cent in the rest of Canada
    5. 78 per cent in Quebec, 84 per cent in the rest of Canada
60. How many members of Justin Trudeau's 2018 cabinet were born outside of Canada?
    1. Ten
    2. Fifteen
    3. Twelve
    4. Four
    5. Eight

True or False Questions

1. Former Prime Minister Joe Clark used the term "community of communities" when describing the diversity of Canada.
2. English-speaking Protestants are the only charter group in Canada.
3. The Multiculturalism Act, 1971 created the first minister for multiculturalism.
4. Before 1960, approximately 95 per cent of all immigrants to Canada came from Europe and the United States; this figure has changed little in the twenty-first century.
5. Canada remains a predominantly Christian society today.
6. John A. Macdonald's first cabinet had 14 members.
7. Every member of the Supreme Court of Canada has come from a French or English ethnic background.
8. Between 2006 and 2016 the percentage of positions in the federal public service held by Indigenous persons increased from 4.2 per cent to 5.2 per cent.
9. Due to decades of declining birth rates, Quebec has been dependent on immigration for labour market growth.
10. According to the most recent census data, the majority of immigrants in Quebec have come from outside of the United States and Europe.
11. The religious affiliation of MPs is today more difficult to ascertain from public records than it was in the past.
12. After the 2015 federal election about one-half of MPs were female.
13. A little more than 20 per cent of Canada's population is born outside the country.
14. Americans are more likely than Canadians to mention multiculturalism as a defining characteristic of their society.
15. For decades, Quebec's birth rate has been above the level needed to reproduce the population.
16. Justin Trudeau often stated that diversity and inclusiveness are Canada's two major values.
17. The vast majority of immigrants who settled Canada were of French and German origins.
18. George-Étienne Cartier was the major spokesperson for English Canada.
19. John Porter's book The Vertical Mosaic drew attention to the stratified nature of Canada's pluralistic society.
20. Canada's first census from 1871 reported that 61 per cent of the population was of British Isles ancestry and 31 per cent of French ancestry.
21. In the 2016 census, only 22 per cent of Toronto identified as visible minorities.
22. As of 2011, 50 per cent of the Canadian population claimed a Christian religious identification.
23. It is very likely that the 2021 census will show a bit of an uptick in the percentage of the population with non-Christian religious affiliations.
24. In March 2006, the Court ruled that the wearing of a kirpan in schools for religious reasons is indeed protected by the Charter.
25. In 2015, the Conservative government argued that one's face does not need to be visible while taking the oath of citizenship.

Short Answer Questions

1. What are Canada's charter groups?
2. What are some of the historical changes in Canada's ethnic distribution?
3. What does the case of the kirpan and issues of religious freedom indicate about Canadian multiculturalism?
4. How have religious affiliations in the Canadian population changed over time?
5. How has disability been recognized in Canadian society?
6. How diverse is Canada compared to other countries? Is it more diverse than comparable states?
7. How has immigration contributed to population growth in Canada? What years did immigration begin to be a major contribution to population growth?
8. What was the Bouchard-Taylor Report?
9. What determines who can immigrate to Canada? What are the criteria?
10. What are two examples of multiculturalism found in legislation and programs before multiculturalism officially arrived in Canada in the early 1970s?
11. Describe the case of Zunera Ishaq and her oath of Canadian citizenship.
12. Describe the beginnings official multiculturalism in Canada.
13. How diverse was the composition of the House of Commons after the 2015 federal election?
14. How diverse is the judicial elite in Canada?
15. How diverse is the federal bureaucracy in Canada?

Short Answer Questions

1. How have changing patterns of immigration influenced the Canadian identity and public policies relating to identity and group rights?
2. Explain the origins of multiculturalism policy in Canada and the various ways in which official recognition of diversity is reflected in the policies and structures of the Canadian state.
3. Compare the Canadian model of cultural accommodation to those found in the other countries discussed.
4. Explain how Quebec's experience with and approach to the accommodation of diversity are different from those of the federal government.
5. Discuss the integration of immigrants into the Canadian economy. Explain why you think this has mainly been successful or unsuccessful.
6. What are two premises that Canada was built on?
7. Explain John Porter's argument in The Vertical Mosaic.
8. Describe how Canada is still a predominantly Christian society.
9. What did Leslie Pal mean by the "institutionalization of diversity"?
10. Describe the intent and impact of the Immigration Act, 1967.