Chapter 11 Kant'S Revolution Test Bank

Chapter 11: Kant's Revolution

Test Bank

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 01

1) An analytic statement is a(n) __________.

a. a priori statement

b. a posteriori statement

c. logical possibility whose denial is not contradictory

d. logical truth whose denial results in a contradiction

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 02

2) “Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius” is an example of a(n) __________ statement.

a. a priori

b. analytic

c. synthetic

d. logical

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 03

3) The radical skepticism of __________ motivated Kant’s forays into epistemology.

a. Hobbes

b. Descartes

c. Leibniz

d. Hume

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 04

4) Kant asserts, __________.

a. “Because all our knowledge begins with experience, it follows that it all arises out of experience.”

b. “Though not all our knowledge begins with experience, it follows that it all arises out of experience.”

c. “Though all our knowledge arises out of experience, it does not follow that it all begins with experience.”

d. “Though all our knowledge begins with experience, it does not follow that it all arises out of experience.”

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 05

5) Kant wants to know how __________ knowledge is possible in metaphysics.

a. synthetic a priori

b. synthetic a posteriori

c. analytic a priori

d. analytic a posteriori

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 06

6) Kant argues that __________ in order for knowledge to be possible.

a. the mind must conform to reality

b. reality must conform to the mind

c. objects must be identical to the mind

d. all knowledge must be innate

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 07

7) According to Kant, nothing can be called “good” without qualification except __________.

a. right action

b. good consequences

c. happiness

d. a good will

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 08

8) Kant says that when trying to decide whether an action is morally permissible, we must ask if we can consistently will that the maxim of our action should become a __________.

a. rule for maximizing happiness for the agent

b. rule for maximizing happiness for everyone involved

c. universal law

d. contingent law

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 09

9) Kant argues that making a lying promise is wrong because __________.

a. lying to people can cause them harm

b. lying to people harms society

c. you cannot consistently will that everyone should make lying promises

d. most people condemn the practice

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 10

10) Kant argues that we know the world of __________.

a. noumena

b. phenomena

c. plethora

d. Forms

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 11

11) Kant uses the term noumena to refer to the __________.

a. world in itself outside our experience

b. world as we experience it

c. world as we would like to experience it

d. logical structure of the world

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 12

12) Kant compared his transformation of traditional epistemology to the __________ revolution in science.

a. Copernican

b. Newtonian

c. Cartesian

d. Galilean

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 13

13) Kant tells us, “Our knowledge springs from two fundamental sources of the mind.” These are __________.

a. creating impressions” and “the power of creating an object through these representations”

b. “the capacity of creating impressions” and “the power of knowing an object through these representations”

c. “the capacity of receiving impressions” and “the power of knowing an object through these representations”

d. “the capacity of receiving impressions” and “the natural light of reason”

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 14

14) According to Kant, morality must be based on __________.

a. compassion

b. reason

c. self-interest

d. altruistic desires

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 15

15) Moral relativism can take one of two forms: cultural relativism or __________.

a. social relativism

b. subjective relativism

c. religious relativism

d. interpersonal relativism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 16

16) Morality is a normative enterprise, which means that it __________.

a. provides an account of what kinds of behaviors are normal

b. describes how things are

c. prescribes how things should be

d. explains why things are

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 17

17) Morality stands out among other normative spheres because of its overridingness, universality, basis in reason, and __________.

a. partiality

b. foundation in religion

c. impartiality

d. relativity

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 18

18) A moral theory in which the rightness of actions depends solely on __________ is called a __________ theory.

a. consequences; consequentialist

b. consequences; deontological

c. duty; consequentialist

d. consequences; nonconsequentialist

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 19

19) According to Kant, the good will acts from respect for __________.

a. social norms

b. the moral law

c. religious requirements

d. the emotions of those affected by the action

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 20

20) In contrast to a hypothetical imperative, a categorial imperative is a command __________.

a. grounded in reason

b. that applies without exception

c. based on desire or utility

d. that prescribes the means necessary to achieve an end

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 21

21) __________ is a moral theory in which the rightness of actions is determined partly or entirely by their intrinsic nature.

a. Utilitarianism

b. Deontology

c. Virtue ethics

d. Relativism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 22

22) According to Kant, the inherent worth of persons derives from__________.

a. God

b. their good will

c. their nature as autonomous, rational beings

d. their capacity for happiness

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 23

23) __________ holds that right actions are those that result in the most beneficial balance of good over bad consequences for everyone involved.

a. Deontology

b. Virtue ethics

c. Utilitarianism

d. Relativism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 24

24) __________ is the view that moral standards are not objective but depend on what individuals or cultures believe.

a. Deontology

b. Utilitarianism

c. Moral relativism

d. Virtue ethics

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 25

25) According to __________, an action is right if an individual believes it is right.

a. cultural relativism

b. deontology

c. utilitarianism

d. subjective relativism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 26

26) Defenders of __________ assert it promotes tolerance.

a. deontology

b. virtue ethics

c. utilitarianism

d. moral relativism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 27

27) Kant’s moral theory is __________.

a. deontological

b. consequentialism

c. utilitarianism

d. moral relativism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 28

28) Kant maintains that right actions do not depend on__________.

a. one’s intentions

b. their consequences

c. whether they are committed from respect for duty

d. whether they are derived from a rational moral principle

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 29

29) According to Kant, right actions are right __________.

a. as they conform with the agent’s moral beliefs

b. as they conform to social norms

c. as they promote happiness

d. in themselves

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 11 Question 30

30) Kant’s fundamental moral principle is called the__________ imperative.

a. categorical

b. prudential

c. hypothetical

d. social

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 31

31) Kant declares that we should never in any circumstances treat a person as a means.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 32

32) Kant believes that we should not treat persons merely as a means except when society’s welfare is at stake.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 33

33) Kant argues that the moral law is unconditional.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 34

34) Kant thinks that knowledge is constituted by experience.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 35

35) “A bachelor is an unmarried man” is an example of a synthetic statement.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 36

36) Kant agrees with Hume that the concept of causation cannot be justified by either empirical or a priori arguments.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 37

37) According to Kant, the mind conforms to the world.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 38

38) Kant’s theory of knowledge aims to show how synthetic a priori knowledge is possible.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 39

39) Kant is a moral relativist.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 40

40) Kant is a deontologist.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 41

41) Kant wants us to believe that logical and mathematical concepts are learned entirely by experience.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 42

42) The categorical imperative is an expression of Kant’s consequentialist moral theory.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 43

43) Kant claims that the categorical imperative is the expression of a purely rational moral principle.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 44

44) According to Kant, an action is right to the extent that it conforms with societal norms.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 45

45) One formulation of the categorical imperative asserts, “I am never to act otherwise than so that I could also will that my maxim should become a universal law.”

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 46

46) One formulation of Kant’s fundamental moral principle expresses respecting humanity as a means to a socially good end.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 47

47) One formulation of Kant’s fundamental moral principle expresses the test of universalizability.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 48

48) Some critics of Kant’s moral theory point out that in some circumstances the consequences of our actions matter more than strict adherence to a moral rule or law.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 49

49) According to Kant, denying a synthetic statement always yields a contradiction.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 11 Question 50

50) “A bachelor is an unmarried man” is an example of an analytic statement.

a. True

b. False