Ch.12 John Stuart Mill And Utilitarianism Full Test Bank

Chapter 12: John Stuart Mill and Utilitarianism

Test Bank

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 01

1) In addition to being a philosopher, Mill was also a(n) __________.

a. economist

b. social reformer

c. university professor

d. lawyer

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 02

2) According to Mill, utilitarians judge the morality of conduct by a single standard, the __________.

a. greatest consequences principle

b. greatest action principle

c. greatest happiness principle

d. principle of duty

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 03

3) According to utilitarians like Mill, right actions are those that __________.

a. are undertaken out of respect for the moral law

b. result in greater overall well-being for the people involved than any other possible action

c. result in greater overall security for the people involved than any other possible action

d. are undertaken out of respect for social norms

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 04

4) Some utilitarians distinguish between__________.

a. act- and rule-utilitarianism

b. antecedent and consequence utilitarianism

c. categorical and conditional utilitarianism

d. hypothetical and prudential utilitarianism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 05

5) __________ is the name for the view that the rightness of actions depends solely on the overall well-being produced by individual actions.

a. Act-utilitarianism

b. Rule-utilitarianism

c. Categorical utilitarianism

d. Conditional utilitarianism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 06

6) Rule-utilitarianism is the name for the view that the rightness of actions depends on rules governing categories of __________.

a. laws

b. acts

c. feelings

d. happiness

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 07

7) The utilitarian procedure for discerning the morally right course of action is theoretically simple: determine which action __________.

a. is socially acceptable

b. is prudential

c. accords with duty

d. maximizes well-being

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 08

8) The classic version of utilitarianism was devised by __________.

a. Mill

b. Hume

c. Bentham

d. Sidwick

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 09

9) According to Mill, to determine whether one pleasure is more valuable than another, we must __________.

a. determine which one is objectively most pleasurable

b. determine which pleasure most experienced people prefer

c. consult philosophers of the past

d. consult science

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 10

10) Mill says that the ultimate end of utilitarianism is an existence as free of pain as possible and as rich as possible in __________.

a. lower pleasures

b. spiritual attainment

c. social achievement

d. enjoyments

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 11

11) Mill argues that the Greatest Happiness Principle is __________.

a. one of several principles of morality

b. the standard of morality

c. endorsed by all the major religions

d. embodied in the Ten Commandments

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 12

12) Mill says that right actions are those that produce the greatest happiness for __________.

a. each individual

b. one’s own family

c. all concerned

d. those who deserve it

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 13

13) According to Bentham, the utility to be maximized is __________.

a. social good

b. pleasure

c. material wealth

d. personal security

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 14

14) According to Bentham, __________ is the only intrinsic good.

a. social good

b. pleasure

c. material wealth

d. personal security

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 15

15) Unlike Bentham, Mill argues that pleasures can vary in __________ as well as in quantity.

a. duration

b. fecundity

c. intensity

d. quality

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 16

16) Mill thinks that, when promoting the goal of utilitarianism, we must consider __________.

a. everyone’s needs or interests equally

b. always and only our own individual happiness

c. what those closest to you want or need

d. what society demands

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 17

17) Like Kant’s moral theory, Mill’s utilitarianism accepts __________.

a. differences in each person’s moral worth

b. that we are all equal before the moral law

c. that we are all equal before the moral law, but some are more equal than others

d. that differences in moral worth is based on natural inferiority

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 18

18) In response to those who criticize utilitarianism as a doctrine fit for swine, Mill distinguishes between __________.

a. act and rule utilitarianism

b. pleasure and pain

c. higher and lower pleasures

d. the consequences and motives of an action

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 19

19) Mill claims that the spirit of utilitarian ethics is perfectly embodied by __________.

a. the Ten Commandments

b. Kantian deontology

c. Aristotle’s doctrine of the mean

d. the golden rule

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 20

20) A rule-utilitarian thinks that rule following__________.

a. reflects reality

b. is the right thing to do

c. best maximizes well-being in the short term

d. best maximizes well-being in the long run

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 21

21) Utilitarianism has one procedure, namely determining which action __________.

a. conforms to the categorical imperative

b. generates the higher pleasures

c. best maximizes well-being

d. avoids the lower pleasures

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 22

22) Utilitarianism is a __________ moral theory because the morality of an action is determined by __________.

a. deontological; the amount of happiness produced (and pain minimized) for those concerned

b. consequentialist; the amount of happiness produced (and pain minimized) for those concerned

c. deontological; its conformity to duty

d. consequentialist; its conformity to duty

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 23

23) For happiness to be maximized, it is essential that __________.

a. everyone share the same amount

b. it be concentrated among very few people

c. it be evenly distributed

d. all people reduce themselves to the point of marginal utility

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 24

24) In classic utilitarianism, an action resulting in one thousand units of happiness for ten people is better than an action yielding __________.

a. only 900 units for those same ten people

b. happiness that is distributed unevenly

c. happiness that is evenly distributed

d. 1,000 units of happiness for five people

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 25

25) When considering an action’s possible production of happiness, Mill thinks the individual should __________.

a. consider only her own happiness

b. consider the happiness of others, provided it does not conflict with her own

c. be impartial and consider the happiness of others as much as her own

d. not be impartial

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 26

26) Mill argues that one kind of pleasure is more valuable than another kind if it is __________.

a. more intense

b. preferred by those acquainted with both

c. longer in duration

d. greater in quantity

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 27

27) __________ pleasures are, in Mill’s view, found in such experiences as the search for knowledge and the appreciation of art and music.

a. Higher

b. Lower

c. Middle

d. Diffuse

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 28

28) An act-utilitarian would endorse euthanasia __________.

a. in all cases

b. in specific cases

c. when it is legal

d. with religious approval

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 29

29) The most serious criticism of utilitarianism is that it conflicts with __________.

a. Kantian deontology

b. the law

c. considered moral judgments

d. religious duties

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 30

30) In utilitarianism, there are no __________.

a. principles to guide action

b. absolute prohibitions or mandates

c. means to determine the moral worth of specific actions

d. means to determine whether or not an action is in conformity with duty

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 31

31) Mill thinks that some kinds of pleasures are more valuable than others.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 32

32) Mill believes that the morality of an action depends on the motive of the agent.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 33

33) Mill asserts that happiness is the sole end of human action.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 34

34) For Mill, a beast’s pleasures can satisfy a human being’s conception of happiness.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 35

35) Rule-utilitarianism is the idea that the rightness of actions depends solely on the relative good produced by individual actions.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 36

36) Classic utilitarianism depends heavily on a strong sense of impartiality.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 37

37) Utilitarianism is the view that right actions are those that maximize the overall well-being of everyone involved.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 38

38) Utilitarians think that happiness is the only intrinsic good.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 39

39) Classic utilitarianism emphasizes maximizing the total quantity of net happiness.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 40

40) Utilitarianism requires that we always and only act in the interest of other people.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 41

41) Utilitarians judge the morality of conduct by multiple standards.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 42

42) Bentham thinks that there are two kinds of pleasures: higher and lower.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 43

43) Mill was an empiricist philosopher.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 44

44) Mill was interested in seeing that his liberal and utilitarian ideals be used for the betterment of select members of society.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 45

45) According to Mill, motive has nothing to do with the moral worth of agents.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 46

46) Mill was a rationalist philosopher.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 47

47) Mill became one of the greatest politicians of his day.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 48

48) Bentham’s wife, Harriet Taylor, wrote The Subjection of Women.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 49

49) Mill’s most famous work on ethics is Utilitarianism.

a. True

b. False

Type: true-false

Title: Chapter 12 Question 50

50) According to Mill, utilitarianism is entirely inconsistent with Christian moral teachings.

a. True

b. False