Chapter 10 The Restless Ocean – Test Bank | 8th Edition

View Product website:

https://selldocx.com/docx/chapter-10-the-restless-ocean-test-bank-8th-edition-1205

Foundations of Earth Science, 8e (Lutgens/Tarbuck/Tasa)

Chapter 10 The Restless Ocean

10.1 Multiple Choice Questions

1) Which of the following is correct regarding a wave in the open ocean?

A) Water particles move vertically in circular orbital motion.

B) Water particles move in a straight line, in the same direction that the wave is moving.

C) Water particles move in a straight line, in the opposite direction from that the wave is moving.

D) Water particles move in an almost circular horizontal path.

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

2) When waves reach shallow water they tend to be ________, which makes them become parallel to the shore.

A) reflected

B) refracted

C) translated

D) eroded

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.4 Beaches and Shoreline Processes

Focus/Concepts: 10.4

ESLI: 5.3 Water's unique combination of physical and chemical properties is essential to the dynamics of all of Earth's systems.

3) When a wave is too steep to support itself, the wave front collapses creating a ________ that advances up the shoreline.

A) trough

B) fetch

C) swell

D) break

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

4) Waves begin to "feel bottom" when the depth of water is ________.

A) equal to one-half the wavelength

B) equal to the wavelength

C) twice as great as the wavelength

D) equal to the fetch

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

5) Longshore currents and beach drift ________.

A) move in opposite directions

B) both have net movement that is parallel to the shore

C) are oriented at 90° to each other

D) are found only in deep water, and never close to the shore

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.4 Beaches and Shoreline Processes

Focus/Concepts: 10.4

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

6) You visit a coastal area for the first time. You note the presence of marine terraces, sea stacks, and sea arches. Based on these features, the area is likely to be ________.

A) experiencing a spring tide

B) in need of beach nourishment

C) an emergent coast

D) a submergent coast

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.6 Contrasting America's Coasts

Focus/Concepts: 10.6

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

7) Which of the following shoreline features is a result of erosion?

A) spit

B) estuary

C) tombolo

D) sea arch

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.5 Shoreline Features

Focus/Concepts: 10.5

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

8) Daily changes in the elevation of the ocean surface are called ________.

A) sea arches

B) tidal flats

C) tombolos

D) tides

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.8 Tides

Focus/Concepts: 10.8

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

9) One result of wave refraction is that wave energy is concentrated ________.

A) on headlands projecting into the water

B) on tombolos

C) in bays, coves, and other recessed areas between headlands

D) on spits

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.4 Beaches and Shoreline Processes

Focus/Concepts: 10.4

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

10) Waves approaching a beach at an oblique angle ________.

A) cause beach drift

B) cause hard stabilization

C) cause coasts to switch from submergence to emergence

D) make tides rise and fall

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.4 Beaches and Shoreline Processes

Focus/Concepts: 10.4

ESLI: 5.3 Water's unique combination of physical and chemical properties is essential to the dynamics of all of Earth's systems.

11) Which of the following shoreline features is a result of deposition?

A) barrier island

B) sea stack

C) wave-cut platform

D) marine terrace

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.5 Shoreline Features

Focus/Concepts: 10.5

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

12) Fetch is ________.

A) a method of shoreline erosion control

B) the distance between the trough of a wave and the still water level

C) the circular pattern made by water particles when a wave passes

D) the distance over which the wind blows over open water

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

13) One disadvantage of beach nourishment as compared to hard stabilization is ________.

A) beach nourishment is permanent

B) hard stabilization may increase erosion

C) beach nourishment is expensive

D) hard stabilization makes the coast more scenic for recreation

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.7 Stabilizing the Shore

Focus/Concepts: 10.7

ESLI: 9.5 Human activities alter the natural land surface.

14) Which of the following is an example of "hard stabilization" designed to prevent or retard shoreline erosion?

A) sea arch

B) spit

C) tombolo

D) groin

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.7 Stabilizing the Shore

Focus/Concepts: 10.7

ESLI: 9.5 Human activities alter the natural land surface.

15) ________ are huge circular-moving current systems that dominate the surface of the ocean within an ocean basin.

A) Tombolos

B) Gyres

C) Coriolis

D) Upwellings

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G3

Section: 10.1 The Ocean's Surface Circulation

Focus/Concepts: 10.1

ESLI: 5.5 Earth's water cycles among the reservoirs of the atmosphere, streams, lakes, ocean, glaciers, groundwater, and deep interior of the planet.

16) The center of each of Earth's five major gyres is found at about ________ latitude.

A) 0° (the equator)

B) 30°

C) 60°

D) 90°

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G3

Section: 10.1 The Ocean's Surface Circulation

Focus/Concepts: 10.1

ESLI: 5.5 Earth's water cycles among the reservoirs of the atmosphere, streams, lakes, ocean, glaciers, groundwater, and deep interior of the planet.

17) In the Northern Hemisphere, the Coriolis effect causes surface currents in the ocean to be deflected slightly ________ compared to the winds that cause them.

A) to the left

B) to the right

C) to the north

D) to the south

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G3

Section: 10.1 The Ocean's Surface Circulation

Focus/Concepts: 10.1

ESLI: 5.5 Earth's water cycles among the reservoirs of the atmosphere, streams, lakes, ocean, glaciers, groundwater, and deep interior of the planet.

18) The energy that drives surface ocean currents such as the Gulf Stream comes from ________.

A) the Coriolis effect

B) salinity variations

C) temperature differences

D) prevailing wind patterns

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G3

Section: 10.1 The Ocean's Surface Circulation

Focus/Concepts: 10.1

ESLI: 5.5 Earth's water cycles among the reservoirs of the atmosphere, streams, lakes, ocean, glaciers, groundwater, and deep interior of the planet.

19) The daily tidal range is of the least magnitude during ________.

A) the daytime

B) spring tides

C) neap tides

D) slack water

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.8 Tides

Focus/Concepts: 10.8

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

20) Erosional retreat of a ________ leads to enlargement and extension of a wave-cut platform in the inland direction.

A) wave-cut cliff

B) marine terrace

C) sea arch

D) spit

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.5 Shoreline Features

Focus/Concepts: 10.5

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

21) Large estuaries are more common on a(n) ________ coastline.

A) emergent

B) submergent

C) stable

D) eroding

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.6 Contrasting America's Coasts

Focus/Concepts: 10.6

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

22) A ________ is an isolated remnant of bedrock standing above a wave-cut platform.

A) sea arch

B) sea stack

C) marine terrace

D) wave-cut cliff

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.6 Contrasting America's Coasts

Focus/Concepts: 10.6

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

23) Upwelling, the rising of water from deeper layers of the ocean, is a wind-induced movement that brings ________ water to the surface.

A) cold, nutrient-rich

B) cold, nutrient-poor

C) warm, nutrient-rich

D) warm, nutrient-poor

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.2 Upwelling and Deep-Ocean Circulation

Focus/Concepts: 10.2

ESLI: 5.5 Earth's water cycles among the reservoirs of the atmosphere, streams, lakes, ocean, glaciers, groundwater, and deep interior of the planet.

24) The vertical distance between trough and crest is called the ________.

A) wave height

B) wavelength

C) wave period

D) wave motion

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

25) The ________ is the only current that completely encircles the Earth.

A) South Equatorial Current

B) North Equatorial Current

C) East Wind Drift

D) West Wind Drift

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G3

Section: 10.1 The Ocean's Surface Circulation

Focus/Concepts: 10.1

ESLI: 5.5 Earth's water cycles among the reservoirs of the atmosphere, streams, lakes, ocean, glaciers, groundwater, and deep interior of the planet.

26) A shoreline is a(n) ________, a common boundary where different parts of a system interact.

A) fetch

B) interface

C) marine terrace

D) tombolo

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

27) Turbulent water created by breaking waves is known as ________.

A) fetch

B) interface

C) surf

D) wave refraction

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

28) ________ is the grinding or scraping of a rock surface by the friction and impact of rock particles carried by water.

A) Abrasion

B) Plucking

C) Scouring

D) Shocking

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.4 Beaches and Shoreline Processes

Focus/Concepts: 10.4

ESLI: 5.3 Water's unique combination of physical and chemical properties is essential to the dynamics of all of Earth's systems.

29) Breakwaters, sea walls, and groins are all examples of ________.

A) beach nourishment

B) hard stabilization

C) beach erosion

D) tombolos

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.7 Stabilizing the Shore

Focus/Concepts: 10.7

ESLI: 9.5 Human activities alter the natural land surface.

30) As a deep-water wave enters shallow water, the part of the wave in the shallowest water slows down. The deeper-water portion of the wave crest keeps moving at a relatively rapid speed. This wave refraction causes the entire wave crest to progressively rotate toward being ________ with the shoreline.

A) eroded

B) oblique

C) perpendicular

D) parallel

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.4 Beaches and Shoreline Processes

Focus/Concepts: 10.4

ESLI: 5.3 Water's unique combination of physical and chemical properties is essential to the dynamics of all of Earth's systems.

31) If uplift of the land occurs, a wave-cut platform may become a new ________.

A) wave-cut cliff

B) marine terrace

C) sea arch

D) spit

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.5 Shoreline Features

Focus/Concepts: 10.5

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

32) ________ is the rising of cold water from deeper layers to replace warmer surface water.

A) Sublimation

B) Upwelling

C) Contraction

D) Wave refraction

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.2 Upwelling and Deep-Ocean Circulation

Focus/Concepts: 10.2

ESLI: 5.5 Earth's water cycles among the reservoirs of the atmosphere, streams, lakes, ocean, glaciers, groundwater, and deep interior of the planet.

33) Because deep-ocean circulation is driven largely by variations in water temperature and salinity, it is also called ________ circulation.

A) anaerobic

B) hydrothermal

C) thermohaline

D) hypoxic

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.2 Upwelling and Deep-Ocean Circulation

Focus/Concepts: 10.2

ESLI: 5.5 Earth's water cycles among the reservoirs of the atmosphere, streams, lakes, ocean, glaciers, groundwater, and deep interior of the planet.

34) ________ are low-lying zones that are alternately covered by water during flood tide and exposed following ebb tide.

A) Neap tides

B) Tidal deltas

C) Tidal flats

D) Ebb deltas

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.8 Tides

Focus/Concepts: 10.8

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

35) A(n) ________ is a place where fresh and salt water mix, such as a drowned river valley along a submergent coast.

A) spit

B) estuary

C) emergent coast

D) submergent coast

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.6 Contrasting America's Coasts

Focus/Concepts: 10.6

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

36) If a spit grows as it is deposited and extends completely across the former mouth of an estuary, separating it from the open sea, it has become a ________.

A) sea stack

B) barrier island

C) tombolo

D) baymouth bar

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.5 Shoreline Features

Focus/Concepts: 10.5

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

37) The fog banks that occur in the Atacama Desert are formed from ________.

A) cold currents that cause temperatures to reach the dew point

B) warm currents that cause temperatures to reach the dew point

C) low humidity

D) cold and warm currents that merge

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.1 The Ocean's Surface Circulation

Focus/Concepts: 10.1

ESLI: 5.5 Earth's water cycles among the reservoirs of the atmosphere, streams, lakes, ocean, glaciers, groundwater, and deep interior of the planet.

38) An increase in seawater density can be caused by ________.

A) a decrease in temperature and salinity

B) either a decrease in temperature or an increase in salinity

C) an increase in temperature and salinity

D) either an increase in temperature or a decrease in salinity

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.2 Upwelling and Deep-Ocean Circulation

Focus/Concepts: 10.2

ESLI: 5.5 Earth's water cycles among the reservoirs of the atmosphere, streams, lakes, ocean, glaciers, groundwater, and deep interior of the planet.

39) When ocean waves grow so tall they topple over, they form ocean breakers called ________.

A) spits

B) swells

C) whitecaps

D) arches

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

40) An accumulation of sediment found along the landward margin of the ocean or lake is called a ________.

A) beach

B) marine terrace

C) tombolo

D) sea stack

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.4 Beaches and Shoreline Processes

Focus/Concepts: 10.4

ESLI: 5.3 Water's unique combination of physical and chemical properties is essential to the dynamics of all of Earth's systems.

41) Which of the following is an erosional feature associated with shorelines?

A) baymouth bar

B) spit

C) tombolo

D) wave-cut platform

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.5 Shoreline Features

Focus/Concepts: 10.5

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

42) A ________ is a barrier built at a right angle to the beach to trap sand that is moving parallel to the shore.

A) spit

B) groin

C) breakwater

D) seawall

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.7 Stabilizing the Shore

Focus/Concepts: 10.7

ESLI: 9.5 Human activities alter the natural land surface.

43) A ________ is a structure designed to protect boats from large breaking waves by creating a quiet-water zone near shore.

A) spit

B) groin

C) breakwater

D) seawall

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.7 Stabilizing the Shore

Focus/Concepts: 10.7

ESLI: 9.5 Human activities alter the natural land surface.

44) A ________ is characterized by a single high and low tide each tidal day.

A) mixed tidal pattern

B) semidiurnal tidal pattern

C) diurnal tidal pattern

D) tidal current

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.8 Tides

Focus/Concepts: 10.8

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

45) A ________ is characterized by two high tides and two low tides each tidal day, with both the high and low tides having approximately the same height.

A) mixed tidal pattern

B) semidiurnal tidal pattern

C) diurnal tidal pattern

D) tidal current

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.8 Tides

Focus/Concepts: 10.8

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

46) A ________ is characterized by a large inequality in high-water heights, low-water heights, or both.

A) mixed tidal pattern

B) semidiurnal tidal pattern

C) diurnal tidal pattern

D) tidal current

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.8 Tides

Focus/Concepts: 10.8

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

10.2 Matching Questions

Match the shoreline feature with the correct description.

A) an isolated mass of rock standing just offshore, produced by wave erosion of a headland

B) a ridge of sand that connects an island to the mainland or another island

C) an elongated ridge of sand that projects from the land into the mouth of an adjacent bay

D) a wave-cut platform exposed above sea level

E) a sandbar that completely crosses a bay, sealing it off from the ocean

F) a feature that forms by wave erosion when caves on opposite sides of a headland unite

G) a bench of shelf in the bedrock at sea level, cut by erosion

H) a low, elongated ridge of sand that parallels the coast

1) tombolo

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.5 Shoreline Features

Focus/Concepts: 10.5

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

2) spit

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.5 Shoreline Features

Focus/Concepts: 10.5

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

3) sea stack

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.5 Shoreline Features

Focus/Concepts: 10.5

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

4) wave-cut platform

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.5 Shoreline Features

Focus/Concepts: 10.5

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

5) sea arch

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.5 Shoreline Features

Focus/Concepts: 10.5

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

6) barrier island

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.5 Shoreline Features

Focus/Concepts: 10.5

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

7) marine terrace

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.5 Shoreline Features

Focus/Concepts: 10.5

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

8) baymouth bar

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.5 Shoreline Features

Focus/Concepts: 10.5

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

Answers: 1) B 2) C 3) A 4) G 5) F 6) H 7) D 8) E

Match the wave characteristic with the correct description.

A) vertical distance between trough and crest

B) turbulent sheet of water from collapsing breakers that moves up the slope of the beach

C) area between crests and troughs that water would occupy if there were no waves

D) water flowing back down the beach toward the surf zone

E) time required for one full wave to pass a fixed position

F) top of a wave

G) depressions that occur between crests

H) horizontal distance between successive crests or troughs

9) crest

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

10) trough

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

11) still water level

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

12) wave height

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

13) wavelength

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

14) wave period

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

15) swash

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

16) backwash

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

Answers: 9) F 10) G 11) C 12) A 13) H 14) E 15) B 16) D

10.3 Essay Questions

1) Describe some of the options available to people when it comes to coping with erosion along shorelines.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 10.7 Stabilizing the Shore

Focus/Concepts: 10.7

ESLI: 9.5 Human activities alter the natural land surface.

2) Fossil fuels are a cheap way to make electricity, but burning them generates greenhouse gases. Nuclear power produces a lot of low-carbon energy, but nuclear accidents may release dangerous radioactivity. Windmills generate electricity from the movement of air currents, but the wind doesn't always blow. In light of all these "down sides" to energy production, consider how you might harness longshore currents to produce electricity. Describe your plan in detail, and sketch out how it would work. What might be some of the potential drawbacks to your plan?

Issues: corrosion of the equipment by salt water, battering of the equipment in storms, burial of equipment by sediment.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 10.6 Contrasting America's Coasts

Focus/Concepts: 10.6

ESLI: 7.5 Water resources are essential for agriculture, manufacturing, energy production, and life.

3) Explain how cold current systems in the Pacific Ocean influence climate in South America.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 10.1 The Ocean's Surface Circulation

Focus/Concepts: 10.1

ESLI: 5.5 Earth's water cycles among the reservoirs of the atmosphere, streams, lakes, ocean, glaciers, groundwater, and deep interior of the planet.

4) Describe the motion of a boat at sea as a wave approaches and passes.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 10.3 The Shoreline

Focus/Concepts: 10.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

5) Compare and contrast emergent versus submergent coasts and provide examples of each type.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 10.6 Contrasting America's Coasts

Focus/Concepts: 10.6

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

10.4 Visual

1) Imagine you are sailing in a yacht across the Caribbean. You have to sail through a shallow lagoon in order to reach port at an island ahead of you. It is night time, and you look up to observe a "quarter moon," such as the one pictured here. You know that the lagoon is only safely navigable at high tide during the spring tide. Should you keep going tonight, or should you wait for a better time? (If so, when?)

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 10.8 Tides

Focus/Concepts: 10.8

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

2) Examine the map shown here. You are considering buying property "C" on this stretch of coastline. Before signing the contract on the property, you hear that the owners of property "B" are considering building a groin like their neighbors recently did on property "A." Should you reconsider your purchase? Explain.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 10.7 Stabilizing the Shore

Focus/Concepts: 10.7

ESLI: 4.9 Shorelines move back and forth across continents, depositing sediments that become the surface rocks of the land.

3) Climate change is particularly acute in the Arctic. Some scientists are concerned about the melting of the Greenland ice sheet because the extra water will cause the sea level to rise around the globe. However, another concern is related to the thermohaline "conveyer belt" of ocean circulation. How might the melting of the Greenland ice sheet cause changes to that pattern of currents?

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 10.2 Upwelling and Deep-Ocean Circulation

Focus/Concepts: 10.2

ESLI: 5.5 Earth's water cycles among the reservoirs of the atmosphere, streams, lakes, ocean, glaciers, groundwater, and deep interior of the planet.

4) Examine the figure and use the information provided there to explain the different temperature trends seen in Arica and Rio de Janeiro.

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G3

Section: 10.1 The Ocean's Surface Circulation

Focus/Concepts: 10.1

ESLI: 5.5 Earth's water cycles among the reservoirs of the atmosphere, streams, lakes, ocean, glaciers, groundwater, and deep interior of the planet.

5) Examine the figure. Identify the type and describe the tidal patterns observed over the course of a day in three U.S. cities: San Francisco, California (SF), New Orleans, Louisiana (NO), and New York, New York (NY).

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G3

Section: 10.8 Tides

Focus/Concepts: 10.8

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

6) Examine the figure. Of the three forms of hard stabilization illustrated here, which one is the groin?

A) A

B) B

C) C

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 10.7 Stabilizing the Shore

Focus/Concepts: 10.7

ESLI: 9.5 Human activities alter the natural land surface.

7) Examine the map shown in the figure. If you were to go swimming in the ocean along this shoreline, which way would the longshore current carry you?

A) east

B) west

C) north

D) south

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.4 Beaches and Shoreline Processes

Focus/Concepts: 10.4

ESLI: 4.9 Shorelines move back and forth across continents, depositing sediments that become the surface rocks of the land.

8) What type of feature is shown in the photograph below?

A) marine trench

B) sea arch

C) tombolo

D) barrier island

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 10.5 Shoreline Features

Focus/Concepts: 10.5

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.