Test Bank Quiz – Chapter 11 Heating the Atmosphere 8e

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Foundations of Earth Science, 8e (Lutgens/Tarbuck/Tasa)

Chapter 11 Heating the Atmosphere

11.1 Multiple Choice Questions

1) Air is best described as ________.

A) an element

B) a compound

C) a mixture of gases, with solid particles and liquid droplets in it

D) a mixture of gases only

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.2 Composition of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.2

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

2) Which one of the following is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere?

A) carbon dioxide

B) ozone

C) oxygen

D) nitrogen

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.2 Composition of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.2

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

3) How is climate different from weather?

A) Climate is "average weather."

B) Climate is the sum of all statistical weather information that helps describe a region.

C) Climate cannot change, but weather changes frequently.

D) They are the same thing.

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 11.1 Focus on the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.1

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

4) Sea salts from breaking waves, fine soil blown into the air, smoke and soot from wildfires, pollen and microorganisms lifted by the wind, and ash from volcanic eruptions are all examples of ________.

A) greenhouse gases

B) aerosols

C) elements

D) radiosondes

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.2 Composition of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.2

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

5) The amount of water vapor in the air is called ________.

A) latent heat

B) ozone

C) aerosols

D) humidity

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.2 Composition of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.2

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

6) Dust in the atmosphere is responsible for which of the following?

A) reflection of solar energy

B) acting as a catalyst for cloud destruction

C) ozone formation

D) increase in water vapor

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.2 Composition of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.2

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

7) Even though ground-level ozone is a health hazard, the "ozone layer" in the stratosphere is a health benefit because ________.

A) it stops global warming

B) it reduces thunderstorms

C) it screens out some harmful solar radiation

D) it absorbs certain wavelengths of infrared radiation that are emitted by Earth's surface

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.2 Composition of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.2

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

8) The lowest layer of the atmosphere is the ________.

A) troposphere

B) stratosphere

C) ionosphere

D) mesosphere

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.3 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.3

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

9) The boundary between the stratosphere and the mesosphere is called the ________.

A) tropopause

B) stratopause

C) ionopause

D) mesopause

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.3 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.3

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

10) Approximately how many kilometers (miles) above Earth's surface does the atmosphere end and outer space begin?

A) 47 kilometers (30 miles)

B) 82 kilometers (52 miles)

C) 145 kilometers (90 miles)

D) There is no clearly defined upper limit to the atmosphere; it gradually fades into space.

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.3 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.3

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

11) Which of the following locations would have the lowest average air pressure?

A) summit of Mount Everest, tallest mountain on Earth

B) Dead Sea, Israel, lowest point on Earth's land surface

C) Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench, lowest point in the ocean

D) sea level, anywhere on the planet

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.3 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.3

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

12) The temperature decrease in the troposphere is called the ________.

A) solar heating

B) global warming

C) environmental lapse rate

D) ozone depletion

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.3 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.3

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

13) Weather is ultimately driven by ________.

A) geothermal heat

B) energy input from the sun

C) radioactive decay

D) environmental lapse rate

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.4 Earth-Sun Relationships

Focus/Concepts: 11.4

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

14) ________ is when Earth is closest to the sun, whereas the farthest point is called ________.

A) Aphelion; perihelion

B) Perihelion; aphelion

C) Fall equinox; summer solstice

D) Winter solstice; spring equinox

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.4 Earth-Sun Relationships

Focus/Concepts: 11.4

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

15) The line separating the dark half of Earth from the lighted half is called ________.

A) the Tropic of Capricorn

B) the Tropic of Cancer

C) the inclination of the axis

D) the circle of illumination

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.4 Earth-Sun Relationships

Focus/Concepts: 11.4

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

16) ________ is energy possessed by a material arising from the internal motions of its atoms or molecules.

A) Heat

B) Starlight

C) Gravity

D) Pressure

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.5 Energy, Heat, and Temperature

Focus/Concepts: 11.5

ESLI: 3.2 All Earth processes are the result of energy flowing and mass cycling within and between Earth's systems.

17) Energy from the sun reaches Earth through ________.

A) convection

B) conduction

C) radiation

D) gravity

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.5 Energy, Heat, and Temperature

Focus/Concepts: 11.5

ESLI: 3.2 All Earth processes are the result of energy flowing and mass cycling within and between Earth's systems.

18) Solar radiation is ________, as compared to the ________ emitted by Earth.

A) long-wave radiation; short-wave radiation

B) short-wave radiation; long-wave radiation

C) infrared radiation; visible light

D) heat; electromagnetic radiation

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.5 Energy, Heat, and Temperature

Focus/Concepts: 11.5

ESLI: 3.2 All Earth processes are the result of energy flowing and mass cycling within and between Earth's systems.

19) The fraction of the total radiation that is reflected by a surface is ________.

A) its albedo

B) a larger proportion than is absorbed by the surface

C) the same no matter what Earth material we examine

D) immediately scattered by the atmosphere

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.6 Heating the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.6

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

20) The storage of heat in the lower layer of the atmosphere due to certain gases absorbing heat is called ________.

A) adiabatic cooling

B) radiosonde

C) scattering

D) the greenhouse effect

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.6 Heating the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.6

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

21) It is believed the most prominent means by which humans add CO2 to the atmosphere is by ________.

A) the burning of coal and other fossil fuels

B) renewable energy

C) nuclear electric power

D) solar power

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.7 Human Impact on Global Climate

Focus/Concepts: 11.7

ESLI: 9.3 Humans cause global climate change through fossil fuel combustion, land-use changes, agricultural practices, and industrial processes.

22) When calculating basic temperature data, the difference between the highest and lowest monthly means is called ________.

A) the daily range

B) the annual temperature range

C) the monthly mean

D) the annual mean

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.8 For the Record: Air Temperature Data

Focus/Concepts: 11.8

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

23) Temperatures drop an average of ________ per kilometer in the troposphere.

A) 10°C

B) 8.8°C

C) 7.3°C

D) 6.5°C

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.9 Why Temperatures Vary: The Controls of Temperature

Focus/Concepts: 11.9

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

24) The annual temperature range at most latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere is much smaller than that in the Northern Hemisphere. The reason is that ________.

A) Earth is closest to the sun during the Southern Hemisphere summer

B) rainfall and cloudiness are greater in the Southern Hemisphere

C) there is a greater percentage of water surface in the Southern Hemisphere

D) a greater proportion of the land surface is mountainous in the Southern Hemisphere

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.10 World Distribution of Temperature

Focus/Concepts: 11.10

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

25) All places at the same ________ have identical angles of sunlight and lengths of daylight.

A) latitude

B) longitude

C) climate

D) location

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.4 Earth-Sun Relationships

Focus/Concepts: 11.4

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

26) Reflected light bounces back from a surface at the same angle at which it strikes that surface and with the same ________.

A) albedo

B) reflection

C) absorption

D) intensity

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.6 Heating the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.6

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

27) On a map, lines connecting points of equal temperature are ________.

A) isogrades

B) isotherms

C) contour lines

D) temperature gradients

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.8 For the Record: Air Temperature Data

Focus/Concepts: 11.8

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

28) Closely spaced isotherms indicate a high ________.

A) daily range

B) annual temperature range

C) temperature gradient

D) annual mean

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.8 For the Record: Air Temperature Data

Focus/Concepts: 11.8

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

29) Ozone is concentrated in the middle part of the ________.

A) troposphere

B) stratosphere

C) ionosphere

D) mesosphere

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.3 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.3

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

30) The form of oxygen that combines three atoms of oxygen into each molecule is ________.

A) ozone

B) dioxygen

C) carbon monoxide

D) carbon dioxide

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.2 Composition of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.2

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

31) Located adjacent to red on the electromagnetic spectrum, and having a longer wavelength, is ________ radiation, which we cannot see but which we can detect as heat. This is an important wavelength for the greenhouse effect, because its wavelength is blocked by greenhouse gases.

A) ultraviolet

B) infrared

C) microwave

D) gamma ray

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.5 Energy, Heat, and Temperature

Focus/Concepts: 11.5

ESLI: 3.2 All Earth processes are the result of energy flowing and mass cycling within and between Earth's systems.

32) Carbon dioxide and ________ are the most important heat absorbing gases in the lower atmosphere.

A) carbon monoxide

B) argon

C) nitrogen

D) water vapor

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.6 Heating the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.6

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

33) The monthly ________ temperature is calculated by adding together the daily means for each day of the month and dividing by the number of days in the month.

A) daily range

B) mean

C) isotherm

D) specific heat

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.8 For the Record: Air Temperature Data

Focus/Concepts: 11.8

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

34) Which of the following gases is the greatest absorber of energy emitted by Earth?

A) oxygen (O2)

B) argon (Ar)

C) carbon dioxide (CO2)

D) carbon monoxide (CO)

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.2 Composition of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.2

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

35) Above the stratosphere is a layer called the ________ where temperatures decrease with an increase in altitude.

A) troposphere

B) stratosphere

C) ionosphere

D) mesosphere

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.3 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.3

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

36) The most important elements of weather and climate (quantities or properties that are measured regularly) are (1) air temperature, (2) ________, (3) type and amount of cloudiness, (4) type and amount of precipitation, (5) air ________, and (6) the speed and direction of the wind.

A) weather; climate

B) humidity; pressure

C) location; humidity

D) latitude; longitude

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 11.1 Focus on the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.1

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

37) A day of the year when the length of the night is equal to the length of the day is known as a(n) ________.

A) albedo

B) reflection

C) solstice

D) equinox

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.4 Earth-Sun Relationships

Focus/Concepts: 11.4

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

38) The tilt of Earth's axis from the perpendicular to the plane of Earth's axis is called ________.

A) the inclination of axis

B) the circle of illumination

C) winter solstice

D) spring equinox

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.4 Earth-Sun Relationships

Focus/Concepts: 11.4

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

39) Which of the following is a poor conductor of heat?

A) water

B) rocks

C) metal

D) air

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.5 Energy, Heat, and Temperature

Focus/Concepts: 11.5

ESLI: 3.2 All Earth processes are the result of energy flowing and mass cycling within and between Earth's systems.

40) The process of ________ explains how warm, less dense air is replaced with cooler, denser air masses.

A) subduction

B) conduction

C) convection

D) invection

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.5 Energy, Heat, and Temperature

Focus/Concepts: 11.5

ESLI: 3.2 All Earth processes are the result of energy flowing and mass cycling within and between Earth's systems.

41) The process where light bounces back from an object at the same angle it was received without being absorbed or scattered is called ________.

A) reflection

B) refraction

C) albedo

D) diffused light

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.6 Heating the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.6

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

42) The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1°C at sea level atmospheric pressure is called ________.

A) the temperature gradient

B) the isotherm

C) the temperature control

D) the specific heat

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.9 Why Temperatures Vary: The Controls of Temperature

Focus/Concepts: 11.9

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

43) Latent heat, or hidden heat, is transported by ________ in the atmosphere.

A) aerosols

B) nitrogen

C) water vapor

D) dust

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.2 Composition of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.2

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

44) Which of the following contributes to cloud and fog formation?

A) aerosols

B) circle of illumination

C) conduction

D) argon

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.2 Composition of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.2

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

45) Which of the following layers is farthest away from the surface of Earth?

A) troposphere

B) thermosphere

C) stratosphere

D) mesosphere

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.3 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.3

ESLI: 1.3 Earth science investigations take many different forms.

46) The parallel of latitude, 23½° north latitude, marking the northern limit of the sun's vertical rays is called ________.

A) the Tropic of Capricorn

B) the Tropic of Cancer

C) the inclination of the axis

D) the circle of illumination

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.4 Earth-Sun Relationships

Focus/Concepts: 11.4

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

47) The parallel of latitude, 23½° south latitude, marking the southern limit of the sun's vertical rays is called ________.

A) the Tropic of Capricorn

B) the Tropic of Cancer

C) the inclination of the axis

D) the circle of illumination

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.4 Earth-Sun Relationships

Focus/Concepts: 11.4

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

48) Another name for "white light" is ________, which is radiation with a wavelength from 0.4 to 0.7 micrometers.

A) microwaves

B) diffused light

C) visible light

D) long radio waves

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.5 Energy, Heat, and Temperature

Focus/Concepts: 11.5

ESLI: 3.2 All Earth processes are the result of energy flowing and mass cycling within and between Earth's systems.

11.2 Matching Questions

Match the parts of the atmosphere with the correct description.

A) boundary between mesosphere and thermosphere

B) boundary between troposphere and stratosphere

C) part of atmosphere where temperatures increase (more than 1000°C) due to absorption of very shortwave solar energy by oxygen

D) third layer of the atmosphere, temperatures approach -90°C (-130°F)

E) boundary between stratosphere and mesosphere

F) lowest layer of the atmosphere, where we live

G) concentrated ozone causes temperatures to rise in this region of the atmosphere

1) troposphere

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.3 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.3

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

2) stratosphere

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.3 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.3

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

3) mesosphere

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.3 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.3

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

4) thermosphere

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.3 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.3

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

5) tropopause

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.3 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.3

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

6) stratopause

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.3 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.3

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

7) mesopause

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.3 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.3

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

Answers: 1) F 2) G 3) D 4) C 5) B 6) E 7) A

Match the air temperature data with the correct descriptions.

A) statistic calculated by adding the daily means then dividing by the number of days for the month

B) average of the 12 monthly temperature means

C) difference between the highest and lowest monthly temperature means

D) statistic determined by averaging hourly readings (maximum and minimum temperatures for a day)

E) difference between the maximum and minimum temperature readings for a day

8) annual temperature range

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.8 For the Record: Air Temperature Data

Focus/Concepts: 11.8

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

9) annual mean

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.8 For the Record: Air Temperature Data

Focus/Concepts: 11.8

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

10) monthly mean

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.8 For the Record: Air Temperature Data

Focus/Concepts: 11.8

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

11) daily range

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.8 For the Record: Air Temperature Data

Focus/Concepts: 11.8

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

12) daily mean temperature

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.8 For the Record: Air Temperature Data

Focus/Concepts: 11.8

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

Answers: 8) C 9) B 10) A 11) E 12) D

11.3 Essay Questions

1) Explain the discrepancy between someone who looks at the sun at noon and goes blind as a result, and another person in the same spot, who watches the sunset a few hours later with satisfaction, a sense of relaxation, and no ill effects whatsoever.

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 11.4 Earth-Sun Relationships

Focus/Concepts: 11.4

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

2) Compare and contrast weather and climate.

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 11.1 Focus on the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.1

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

3) Imagine you are hired by NASA to help plan for a new "rover" mission to Mars. Your supervisors learn that you have been trained in Earth science, and they ask you to consider solar panels as a source of energy for many of the rover's instruments while it is on the Martian surface. Using your knowledge of seasons and temperatures here on Earth as a model, briefly outline the factors what would influence solar radiation on the Martian surface.

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 11.4 Earth-Sun Relationships

Focus/Concepts: 11.4

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

4) Explain how the sun's radiant energy interacts with Earth's atmosphere and land-sea surface processes.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 11.5 Energy, Heat, and Temperature

Focus/Concepts: 11.5

ESLI: 3.2 All Earth processes are the result of energy flowing and mass cycling within and between Earth's systems.

5) Explain how ozone is formed in the atmosphere and why it is crucial for the survival of land-dwelling organisms.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 11.2 Composition of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.2

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

6) Discuss the factors that may influence how land and water heat and cool differently.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 11.9 Why Temperatures Vary: The Controls of Temperature

Focus/Concepts: 11.9

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

7) Discuss some possible consequences if carbon dioxide (CO2) levels were to rise 100 percent in the next 100 years.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 11.7 Human Impact on Global Climate

Focus/Concepts: 11.7

ESLI: 9.3 Humans cause global climate change through fossil fuel combustion, land-use changes, agricultural practices, and industrial processes.

11.4 Visual

1) Examine the graph. Note that the explanatory label indicates that during the Northern Hemisphere summer, CO2 concentrations decrease because plants consume that gas during photosynthesis. But when it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere, it is winter in the Southern Hemisphere. When it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere, it is summer in the Southern Hemisphere. Why doesn't the Southern Hemisphere summer show this same CO2 drawdown?

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G3

Section: 11.2 Composition of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.2

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

2) Compare and contrast the two maps showing the global distribution of temperatures in January and July. Explain the differences as fully as possible.

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 11.10 World Distribution of Temperature

Focus/Concepts: 11.10

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

3) Explain how the events/processes depicted in this photo might influence climate.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 11.7 Human Impact on Global Climate

Focus/Concepts: 11.7

ESLI: 9.3 Humans cause global climate change through fossil fuel combustion, land-use changes, agricultural practices, and industrial processes.

4) Examine the figure. What exact day of the year is depicted? Explain.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 11.4 Earth-Sun Relationships

Focus/Concepts: 11.4

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

5) Examine the figure and use it as a basis for discussing the role the greenhouse effect plays in the atmospheres of (a) the Moon, (b) Earth, and (c) Venus.

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G7

Section: 11.6 Heating the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.6

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

6) Examine the figure. Which of the four lettered positions depicts the Northern Hemisphere winter solstice?

A) A

B) B

C) C

D) D

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 11.4 Earth-Sun Relationships

Focus/Concepts: 11.4

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

7) Examine the figure below. The red zigzag pattern represents the seasons and the black line represents seasonally corrected data for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). What was the approximate CO2 concentration in parts per million (ppm) for 2000?

A) ~ 370 ppm

B) ~ 350 ppm

C) ~ 380 ppm

D) ~ 360 ppm

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G3

Section: 11.2 Composition of the Atmosphere

Focus/Concepts: 11.2

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.

8) Examine the graph below. The blue line represents the coastal city of San Francisco, California, and the red line represents Urbana, Illinois, a city on the same latitude as San Francisco, but located deep in the interior of the North American continent. What is the most likely explanation for the smaller annual temperature range for San Francisco?

A) Strong marine influence from the Pacific Ocean.

B) Differences in the angle of sunlight.

C) Lengths of daylight is different for each city.

D) Moisture from the Gulf Stream affects each city differently.

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G3

Section: 11.9 Why Temperatures Vary: The Controls of Temperature

Focus/Concepts: 11.9

ESLI: 3.4 Earth's systems interact over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales.