Chapter 07 Test Bank Test Bank Human Interaction Key

Chapter 07 Test Bank: Human Interaction Key

1. In contemporary North American society, an individual's activity space is primarily affected by their

A. stage in life, mobility, and opportunity.
B. income, sex, and ethnicity.
C. politics, religion, and nationality.
D. health, education, and employment.

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Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
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Section: 07.05 Individual Activity Space
Topic: Individual Activity Space and its Variables

2. Beyond this point, the frequency of trips decreases rapidly.
A. distance decay
B. activity space
C. critical distance
D. territoriality

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Section: 07.02 Distance and Human Interaction
Topic: Distance and Human Interaction

3. The most effective and usual means of accumulating information affecting spatial interaction is

A. library research.
B. face-to-face contact.
C. national magazines.
D. travel books.

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Section: 07.02 Distance and Human Interaction
Topic: Distance and Human Interaction

4. The concept of territoriality refers to

A. topophilia.
B. activity space.
C. emotional attachment and defense of home ground.
D. the perception of opportunities and attractiveness.

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Section: 07.05 Individual Activity Space
Topic: Individual Activity Space and its Variables

5. Hierarchical diffusion of an innovation

A. is effectively halted by physical barriers.
B. involves the relocation of individuals.
C. takes place within organizations or systems of cities.
D. is effective only in highly authoritarian countries.

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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

6. Among the reasons for migrating, push factors

A. draw migrants to specific destinations.
B. reflect assessments of action space attraction.
C. affect international migration but not domestic relocation.
D. encourage relocation away from original residence areas.

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

7. As incomes rise, mobility tends to

A. decline.
B. rise.
C. stay about the same.
D. drop off sharply.

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Section: 07.05 Individual Activity Space
Topic: Individual Activity Space and its Variables

8. Maps of residential preferences created by people from different parts of Canada shared

A. a strong preference for Florida.
B. almost nothing in common.
C. a strong preference for their home region, wherever it happened to be.
D. an abrupt drop-off at the U.S.-Canada border.

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Section: 07.04 Human Interaction and Innovation
Topic: Individual Activity Space and its Variables

9. A diffusion process that follows an S-shape curve indicates that the innovation

A. first spread slowly, then more rapidly until saturation occurred.
B. first had few adopters, then underwent an explosive pattern of growth.
C. was first adopted by people in large cities, then by those in lower-order centers.
D. was adopted in numbers corresponding to the population density.

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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

10. The concept of activity space is useful for better understanding that each human

A. has a territory with which he/she is most familiar.
B. is confined to a region within which he/she interacts with others.
C. has an exact schedule or routine that he/she carries out within a specified region.
D. is busy doing those things that he/she must in order to live happily.

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Section: 07.05 Individual Activity Space
Topic: Individual Activity Space and its Variables

11. The age group in the U.S. that is most likely to move is

A. youth, 10-14 years.
B. young adults 20-24 years.
C. empty nesters, 50-59 years.
D. retirees, 65-69 years.

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

12. During the 20^th Century, nearly all countries experienced

A. rural to urban migration.
B. suburbanization.
C. refugee displacements.
D. forced migration.

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

13. Which one of the following is/are NOT a barrier to interaction?

A. political boundaries
B. cost
C. mountains
D. fiber optic cables

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

14. When a product or an idea disperses outward from a center of origin, the process is known as

A. the critical distance.
B. contagious diffusion.
C. the push factor.
D. hierarchical migration.

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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

15. If a trend spreads first among the largest cities and only later appears in the smaller towns in between the large cities, it is called

A. distance interaction diffusion.
B. hierarchical diffusion.
C. psychological diffusion.
D. contagious diffusion.

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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

16. Distance decay implies that

A. long distances erode hierarchical diffusion.
B. short distances erode hierarchical diffusion.
C. short-distance interactions are more likely than long-distance interactions.
D. long-distance interactions are more likely than short-distance interactions.

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Section: 07.02 Distance and Human Interaction
Topic: Distance and Human Interaction

17. The graph of the cumulative number of adopters of an innovation versus time resembles

A. a S-shaped curve.
B. a J-shaped curve.
C. a bell-shaped curve.
D. a distance decay curve.

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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

18. A company with a headquarters in one country and subsidiary companies, factories, or other facilities in other countries is known as a

A. transnational corporation.
B. nongovernmental organization.
C. non-state actor.
D. cell.

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Section: 07.09 Globalization, Integration, and Interaction
Topic: Aspects of Globalization and Human Interaction

19. Which one of the following is a push factor?

A. dissatisfaction with current job
B. high-paying jobs elsewhere
C. retirement community
D. pleasant climate

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

20. The value that an individual places on each known, potential migration site is called

A. return migration.
B. channelized migration.
C. place utility.
D. spatial search.

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

21. Channelized migration

A. is an example of contagious diffusion.
B. is shaped by social, economic or affinity linkages between places.
C. no longer occurs due to telecommunications advances.
D. demonstrates the effects of distance decay.

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

22. Areas that dominate a locale's in-and out-migration patterns constitute the

A. place utility of the area.
B. spatial search required.
C. channelized pattern of flow.
D. migration field.

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

23. Which of the following examples is an example of involuntary migration?

A. the migration of million Africans to the Western Hemisphere in the late 16^th through early 19^th Centuries
B. the migration of elderly Americans to the Sun Belt
C. migrations motivated by the positive place utility of the destination
D. migrations motivated by powerful pull factors

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

24. Globalization is affected by all but which of the following?

A. global marketing
B. political integration
C. international banking
D. place utility integration

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Section: 07.09 Globalization, Integration, and Interaction
Topic: Aspects of Globalization and Human Interaction

25. Which of the following statements does NOT pertain to chain migration?

A. It may involve employment in an ethnic niche business.
B. It is shaped by networks of kinship and friendship.
C. It is typically involuntary.
D. The destination has been prepared by previous migration flows.

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

26. The term diffusion refers to a pattern of

A. status.
B. critical distance.
C. movement.
D. place utility.

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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

27. The spread of the 1781 influenza outbreak across Europe is an example of a pattern referred to as

A. hierarchical diffusion.
B. contagious diffusion.
C. logistical diffusion.
D. prognostic diffusion.

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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

28. Rural to urban migration in Third World countries frequently reflects

A. governmental travel subsidies and encouragement.
B. advertising campaigns of labor-short industries.
C. increased availability of job and housing information.
D. misperceptions and misinformation.

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

29. Spatial diffusion would most likely be used to explain the distribution of

A. land values.
B. severe storm activity.
C. a new technology.
D. climates.

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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

30. Mental maps drawn by different people, depicting their own neighborhood will

A. reflect differences in their activity space.
B. resemble a thematic map.
C. show absolute locations.
D. demonstrate the concept of critical distance.

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Section: 07.05 Individual Activity Space
Topic: Individual Activity Space and its Variables

31. The claim of an area as home ground and the defensive measures taken to defend it have specific reference to the term

A. cognition.
B. homogeneity.
C. natural selection.
D. territoriality.

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Section: 07.05 Individual Activity Space
Topic: Individual Activity Space and its Variables

32. The spread of Wal-Mart in the United States is an example of

A. relocation diffusion.
B. contagious diffusion.
C. activity space.
D. innovation decay.

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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

33. Determination of the critical distance can be affected by

A. health, education, and welfare.
B. innovation, diffusion, and acculturation.
C. cost, effort, and time.
D. age, sex, and ethnicity.

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Section: 07.02 Distance and Human Interaction
Topic: Distance and Human Interaction

34. The area in which people move about and carry on their daily activities is known as

A. territoriality.
B. activity space.
C. cognition.
D. the area of critical mobility.

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Section: 07.05 Individual Activity Space
Topic: Individual Activity Space and its Variables

35. In North America,

A. women's journey to work trips is now the same length as those of men.
B. non-work trips are longer than work trips.
C. women's journey to work trips tends to be shorter than men's because of their greater family responsibilities.
D. journey to work trip times decreased in the 1990s as jobs moved to the suburbs closer to where people lived.

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Section: 07.04 Human Interaction and Innovation
Topic: Individual Activity Space and its Variables

36. Which one of the following is considered a pull factor in regard to migration?

A. nomads fleeing famine and a spreading desert in the Sahel
B. high unemployment in Appalachia
C. amenities of living in Australia
D. persecution of Jews in Nazi Germany

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

37. Which one of the following major recent international migration streams is correctly paired with its chief fundamental cause?

A. from Russia to Israel-drought
B. from the Sahel to southward in Africa-political
C. from Iraq to Lebanon, Syria, and Iran-war, terrorism
D. from Mexico to the United States-political

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

38. The tendency for some migrations to fail leads to

A. hierarchical migration.
B. spatial search migration.
C. channelized migration.
D. countermigration.

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

39. Barriers to interaction do NOT include

A. Transportation centers
B. Language differences
C. Cost
D. Distance

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Barriers to Human Interaction

40. Human interaction does NOT include

A. Spatial interactions
B. Facebook and Twitter
C. Spreading of communicable diseases
D. Attending sporting events

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Section: 07.01 Human Interaction Definition
Topic: Definition of Human Interaction

41. Activity spaces are visible on one's mental map.

TRUE

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Section: 07.05 Individual Activity Space
Topic: Individual Activity Space and its Variables

42. Practices and objects can undergo spatial diffusion but not ideas and values.

FALSE

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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

43. Spatial diffusion declines rapidly with distance. With migration behavior, one expects places close to one another to have a greater rate of migration than places far from one another.

TRUE

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Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Section: 07.02 Distance and Human Interaction
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

44. New inventions and innovations are usually the result of isolated contemplation.
FALSE

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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

45. People's perception of the world usually tends to exaggerate the importance of nearby areas.

TRUE

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Section: 07.02 Distance and Human Interaction
Topic: Distance and Human Interaction

46. Because it is such a recent phenomenon, the telecommunications revolution has had limited effect on spatial interaction patterns.

FALSE

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Section: 07.09 Globalization, Integration, and Interaction
Topic: Human Interaction and Technology

47. Migration decisions most realistically are viewed as the outcome of both push and pull influences.

TRUE

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

48. The telecommunications revolution promotes space-time and space-cost convergence.

TRUE

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Section: 07.07 Human Interaction and Technology
Topic: Human Interaction and Technology

49. We form place opinions and perceptions only on the basis of personal experience.

FALSE

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Section: 07.05 Individual Activity Space
Topic: Individual Activity Space and its Variables

50. Hierarchical diffusion is flow from larger to smaller centers; hierarchical migration is movement from smaller to larger centers.

TRUE

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

51. People with limited knowledge of opportunities elsewhere are more apt to migrate than are those in full possession of detailed place utility data.

FALSE

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

52. Most migration decisions are based upon assessments of alternate economic opportunities.
TRUE

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

53. The migration patterns of persons displaced by Hurricane Katrina did not show the effects of distance decay.

FALSE

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Section: 07.02 Distance and Human Interaction
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

54. Current migration paths in the United States clearly show channelized movement.

TRUE

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

55. Chain migration involves the place transition from, for example, rural to central city residence through a series of less extreme locational changes, from farm to small town to suburb, and finally to the major central city itself.

FALSE

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

56. What is the term that refers to the spread of a culture trait from its place of origin to new areas?

Diffusion

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

57. What is the concept that refers to a gradual decrease in influence with increasing separation?

Distance decay

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.02 Distance and Human Interaction
Topic: Distance and Human Interaction

58. What is the term that refers to migration that shows biases towards particular destinations?

Channelized migration

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

59. What is the type of migration that involves movement from one area to another in which people have family and friendship links?

Channelized migration

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

60. What push and pull factors were most important in shaping the migration patterns within the United States during the 1990s?

Pull: economic opportunities, attractive climate, amenities; Push: lost job opportunities, harsh climate

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

61. How and why does an individual's mental map of the world change from childhood to adult years? Speculate on the impact of those changes on spatial behavior.

As a person ages, mobility increases, activity space widens. With the acquisition of more knowledge and familiarity with places farther from home, a person's mental map becomes more detailed and includes a larger area. Spatial behavior changes as one ages—there is more interaction over a wider area, and more knowledge about the rest of the world.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.05 Individual Activity Space
Topic: Individual Activity Space and its Variables

62. Employing the concepts of contagious diffusion, hierarchical diffusion, and barriers to diffusion, briefly comment on the likely diffusion process involved in acceptance of; (a) a new fashion design from Paris; and (b) a new action toy for children.

(a) Paris is at the top of the fashion hierarchy, but distance plays a role as well. Awareness of fashion is hierarchically structured. Economic status will create barriers.
Feedback: (b) Acceptance of a new toy advertised on TV is mostly a function of contagious diffusion. Barriers will be fewer than (a), except for those less connected to TV advertising such as folk culture groups.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

63. Describe three or four important considerations or constraints on the decision to migrate. How might these differentially influence

(a) an unemployed young male Mexican; (b) a retired Midwestern farm couple; (c) an unemployed heavy-equipment operator?

Decision to migrate is constrained by knowledge of opportunities, physical barriers, costs of moving, government regulations, and home ties to individuals and institutions. For the Mexican, costs and government regulations may be most important; for the farm couple, cost and ties; for the heavy-equipment operator, knowledge of opportunities.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

64. Think of your own experience with a city or metropolitan area (other than the one in which you live). Discuss the ways in which you may have developed a false perception and distorted mental map of that city or metropolitan area.

Most people change their views of a place appreciably after they live or visit there for awhile. Before they arrive, their knowledge is based on word-of-mouth information, advertising, or general publicity. After living there for some time, people develop strong ties and personal knowledge of the region.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

65. Discuss how distance decay affects spatial interactions in your own life.

Distance decay is exponential decline of activity or function with increasing distance from point of origin. The tendency is for the frequency of contact to fall off very rapidly with distance. With migration behavior, one expects places close to one another to have a greater rate of migration than places far from one another. Students could give examples of frequency of trips they make versus distance, areas in which they will seek work, willingness to travel for shopping, number of friends versus distance, number of times they see relatives versus distance, and so forth.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.02 Distance and Human Interaction
Topic: Distance and Human Interaction

66. Discuss how globalization has led to more intense spatial interactions.

The flow of goods, ideas and information around the globe has stimulated the formation of new supranational agencies or the strengthening/restructuring of existing ones. These groups, such as NATO or the WTO, encourage countries to join together. In addition, more NGOs help to bring peoples together. Finally, the media and Internet give peoples tools to affect governmental policies.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.09 Globalization, Integration, and Interaction
Topic: Aspects of Globalization and Human Interaction

67. List and explain at least four barriers to migration.

Answers will vary.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

68. Describe and illustrate how telecommunications advances are reducing the friction of distance.

By increasing the speed and connectivity and decreasing the cost of mass and personal communications and data transfers, telecommunications advances are creating space-time and space-cost convergence.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.07 Human Interaction and Technology
Topic: Human Interaction and Technology

69. List and describe several examples of involuntary migrations

Answers will vary.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

70. Explain how migration is an agent of diffusion.

Answers will vary.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

71. Offer evidence of the increased economic, political and cultural integration of the world.

Answers will vary.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.09 Globalization, Integration, and Interaction
Topic: Aspects of Globalization and Human Interaction

72. What is psychological distance? Illustrate with an example.

Psychological distance is the perception that a certain destination is further than it actually is. This perceived distance comes to our mind during travel when we go to an unfamiliar place.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.02 Distance and Human Interaction
Topic: Distance and Human Interaction

73. What is territoriality?

Territoriality is the attachment people develop with their surrounding space and area where they live and work. It is expressed in our defending of an area from outsiders or a country from foreign invasion.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.05 Individual Activity Space
Topic: Individual Activity Space and its Variables

74. In what ways can territoriality be a positive force for good and in what ways can it become a negative force in the world?

Territoriality encourages an emotional attachment and sense of identification with one's place and region which can contribute to civic engagement. On the other hand, territoriality can result in conflicts as those who "belong" try to exclude outsiders.

Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate
Gradable: manual
Section: 07.05 Individual Activity Space
Topic: Individual Activity Space and its Variables

75. Which of the following statements about mental maps is true?

A. As children grow older their mental maps become more spatially restrictive
B. It is possible to reproduce on paper an exact replica of the mental image one has of an area
C. People have no mental maps of the places they have not experienced
D. They suggest that the more familiar we are with a locale, the better our mental map becomes

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Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Gradable: automatic
Section: 07.02 Distance and Human Interaction
Topic: Distance and Human Interaction

76. According to the text, transnational corporations (TNCs) control about what percentage of the world's productive assets?

A. 2 percent
B. 10 percent
C. 33 percent
D. 70 percent

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Section: 07.09 Globalization, Integration, and Interaction
Topic: Aspects of Globalization and Human Interaction

77. What percentage of the moves within the United States are return migration, moving back to one's state of birth?

A. 10 percent
B. 20 percent
C. 33 percent
D. 50 percent

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Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

78. Which of the following statements is not correct with respect to hierarchical diffusion?

A. It often occurs simultaneously with the other two methods of diffusion
B. It occurs only after all lower levels in the hierarchy have received the information
C. People near large innovation centers often benefit as information diffuses outward
D. Small towns closer to high-level centers can receive the information before the more distant medium-sized centers

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Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

79. Which of the following is the most common incentive for migration?

A. Economics
B. Famine
C. Politics
D. Religion

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Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

80. Which of the following would an American most likely not consider as a reason to migrate?

A. Changes in life course
B. Changes in political affiliation
C. Changes in the career cycle
D. Changes in the neighborhood in terms of crime

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

81. The value of a place as a migration destination is known as its

A. critical distance.
B. directional bias.
C. place utility.
D. spatial search.

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Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

82. According to the United Nations Development Fund, some 30 percent of the world's population lives on less than _____ per day.

A. $1
B. $10
C. $100
D. $1000

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

83. The initial stage in the process of contagious diffusion is best described as a

A. rapid rate of spread confined to a small geographical area.
B. rapid rate of spread that is geographically extensive.
C. slow rate of spread that is geographically extensive.
D. slow rate of spread confined to a small geographical area.

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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

84. Using mass media to sell a new product represents which type of diffusion?

A. Hierarchical
B. Channelized
C. Relocation
D. Contagious

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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

85. A cultural barrier that contributes to the decision not to migrate would exist when

A. a Chinese person limits potential migration destinations to those cities that possess a "Chinatown."
B. a job offer requiring a move to another city does not pay enough money to offset the increased cost of living there.
C. a nation imposes quotas on the number of migrants that it is willing to admit in any one year.
D. a person doesn't want to assimilate into a new society.

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

86. The spatial extent of individual activity spaces depends on all of the following except

A. means of mobility.
B. patterns of migration.
C. stage of the life course.
D. opportunity for interaction.

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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

87. Which of the following features does not constitute a barrier to diffusion?

A. The Internet
B. Cultural factors
C. Physical features
D. Political systems

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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

88. Innovation, the generation of new ideas and methods, occurs most often in

A. densely populated urban centers.
B. highly traditional societies.
C. the original culture hearths.
D. wherever there are telephone services and computer equipment.

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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

89. An example of a pull factor for migration is

A. a desire to escape war and persecution.
B. a high paying job in another city.
C. overcrowding in major cities.
D. a reduction of rural farm workers.

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

90. The leading type of all migratory movements are

A. forced.
B. reluctant.
C. voluntary.
D. channelized.

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

91. Which would most likely not be a push factor for migration?

A. An earthquake
B. Religious persecution
C. Inability to find suitable employment at home
D. A mild climate

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

92. Which of the following is not an example of forced migration?

A. Historic removal of Southeastern Native Americans to reservations in present-day Oklahoma
B. Current movement of Mexican immigrants into the United States
C. Transfer of Africans to the Western Hemisphere in 1700s
D. Soviet citizens sent to Siberia in the late 1920s

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Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

93. Quotas on immigrants constitutes what kind of barrier to migration?

A. Political
B. Economic
C. Cultural
D. Ethnocentric

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

94. The migration of retirees to Florida and Arizona is an example of

A. push factors.
B. channelized flows.
C. return migration.
D. chain migration.

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

95. Since 2000, which region of the United States has not seen population growth due to net migration flows?

A. Southwest
B. Northeast
C. Southeast
D. West

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

96. Which of the following is the best example of hierarchical diffusion?

A. A fashion being introduced in New York City and slowly becoming popular in smaller cities and towns
B. Immigrants introducing native farming methods to their new homeland
C. A flu epidemic moving through a country
D. A political idea spread through television ads

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Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate
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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

97. An example of worldwide cultural integration is

A. nationalist movements in Europe.
B. the resurgence of Islamic fundamentalism.
C. the widespread use of English.
D. folk music.

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Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
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Section: 07.09 Globalization, Integration, and Interaction
Topic: Aspects of Globalization and Human Interaction

98. Immigrants who are unhappy with their new homeland and move back to their native land are engaging in what type of migration?

A. Reluctant
B. Return
C. Relocation
D. Involuntary

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

99. What term refers to the emotional attachment to and the defense of home ground?

A. Mental map
B. Territoriality
C. Public utility
D. Ethnocentricity

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Section: 07.05 Individual Activity Space
Topic: Individual Activity Space and its Variables

100. The diffusion of Wal-Mart stores throughout the United States is an example of

A. hierarchical diffusion.
B. reverse hierarchical diffusion.
C. contagious diffusion.
D. globalization.

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Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate
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Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

101. What type of migration describes the less than fully voluntary movement of refugees?

A. Reluctant migration
B. Involuntary migration
C. Forced migration
D. Voluntary migration

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

102. What type of migration refers to moving in a series of transitional relocation stages?

A. Chain migration
B. Step migration
C. Hierarchical migration
D. Serial migration

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

103. What term refers to the decline of an activity or function with increasing distance from the point of origin?

A. Critical distance
B. Friction of distance
C. Distance decay
D. Time-distance

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Section: 07.02 Distance and Human Interaction
Topic: Distance and Human Interaction

104. What term refers to the flow of people, ideas or goods between places?

A. Spatial diffusion
B. Spatial migration
C. Spatial interaction
D. Spatial innovation

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Section: 07.01 Human Interaction Definition
Topic: Definition of Human Interaction

105. What is the type of migration that involves movers who are part of an established migrant flow from a common origin to a prepared destination?

A. Chain
B. Hierarchical
C. Channelized
D. Contagious

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

106. When cost and effort override a person's willingness to travel, the principle in operation is

A. critical distance.
B. spatial interaction.
C. spatial diffusion.
D. territoriality.

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Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
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Section: 07.02 Distance and Human Interaction
Topic: Distance and Human Interaction

107. The term used to describe differences between our cognition of distance and real distance is

A. perceptual distance.
B. psychological distance.
C. projected distance.
D. time-distance.

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Section: 07.02 Distance and Human Interaction
Topic: Distance and Human Interaction

108. The area within which we move freely on our rounds of regular activity is known as

A. homeground.
B. activity space.
C. place utility.
D. local dome effect.

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Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
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Section: 07.02 Distance and Human Interaction
Topic: Distance and Human Interaction

109. What term refers to the movement away from one's country or region to settle elsewhere?

A. Migration
B. Immigration
C. Emigration
D. Return migration

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

110. Exemplifying chain migration, immigrants from India, mostly from the state of Gujarat, now own more than one-third of what type of business in the United States?

A. Fruit stores
B. Hotels
C. Diners
D. Beauty salons

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

111. Most authorities estimate that the number of people residing illegally in the United States is

A. 1-2 million.
B. 4-6 million.
C. 10
D. 20-25 million.

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Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

112. Areas that dominate a locale's immigration and emigration patterns are known as

A. migration fields.
B. migration venues.
C. migration hierarchies.
D. migration spaces.

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Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

113. If freedom of movement is not restricted, it is not unusual for as many as what percent of all migrants to return to their place of origin?

A. 10 percent
B. 25 percent
C. 33 percent
D. 50 percent

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Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

114. The tendency for individuals in domestic relocations to move from small places to larger ones is known as

A. counter migration.
B. channelized migration.
C. return migration.
D. hierarchical migration.

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Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

115. Companies that have headquarters in one country and subsidiary companies and other facilities in several countries are known as

A. global partnerships (GPs).
B. outsourcing organizations (OOs).
C. transnational corporations (TNCs).
D. flexible spenders (Fss).

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Section: 07.09 Globalization, Integration, and Interaction
Topic: Aspects of Globalization and Human Interaction

116. The process by which a concept, practice, or substance spreads from its point of origin to new territories is known as

A. mobility.
B. place utility.
C. spatial diffusion.
D. distance decay.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation
Topic: Diffusion of Innovations

117. The regions that presently have countries that serve as both the origin and destination of major flows of refugees are

A. Southeast Asia and Central Europe.
B. South America and Central America.
C. Southern Asia and Central Asia.
D. Africa and Southwest Asia.

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Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

118. The majority of all moves in the United States follow what spatial pattern?

A. Same county
B. Different county, same state
C. Different state, same region
D. Different region

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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

119. In the 20th century, nearly all countries continued to experience this pattern of migration that first became prominent in the advanced countries in the 18th century and 19th century.

A. Northern to southern
B. Internal to external
C. Rural to urban
D. Urban to rural

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Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
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Section: 07.08 Migration
Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts

120. The increasing interconnection of all parts of the world that affects economic, political, and cultural patterns is known as

A. interdependence.
B. globalization.
C. collectivism.
D. universality.

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Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Gradable: automatic
Section: 07.09 Globalization, Integration, and Interaction
Topic: Aspects of Globalization and Human Interaction

Chapter 07 Test Bank: Human Interaction Summary

Category-# of Questions

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation-101

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember-88

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand-19

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply-10

Bloom's Level: 5. Evaluate-3

Gradable: automatic-101

Gradable: manual-19

Section: 07.01 Human Interaction Definition-2

Section: 07.02 Distance and Human Interaction-15

Section: 07.04 Human Interaction and Innovation-2

Section: 07.05 Individual Activity Space-13

Section: 07.06 Diffusion and Innovation-23

Section: 07.07 Human Interaction and Technology-2

Section: 07.08 Migration-54

Section: 07.09 Globalization, Integration, and Interaction-9

Topic: Aspects of Globalization and Human Interaction-8

Topic: Barriers to Human Interaction-1

Topic: Definition of Human Interaction-2

Topic: Diffusion of Innovations-24

Topic: Distance and Human Interaction-13

Topic: Human Interaction and Technology-3

Topic: Individual Activity Space and its Variables-15

Topic: Migration Patterns and its Conflicts-55