Ch9 Complete Test Bank + America and the Palestinian-Israeli

Chapter 9

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following is the best known pro-Israeli group in the U.S.?

a. The Israel Policy Forum.

b. American Israel Public Affairs Committee.

c. B’nai B’rith.

d. Christians United for Israel.

2. What U.S. president stood by Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon as he rejected all talk of territorial concessions?

a. Richard M. Nixon.

b. Lyndon B. Johnson.

c. Bill Clinton.

d. George W. Bush.

3. Which of the following groups of American voters are the most strongly pro-Israel?

a. Evangelical Republicans.

b. Southern Democrats.

c. Liberal Democrats.

d. Rural Republicans.

4. Which of the following U.S. churches have sought to pressure Israel to leave the occupied territories?

a. The Catholic Church.

b. The American Association of Lutheran Churches.

c. The Presbyterian Church.

d. American Baptist Churches.

5. What country occupied the Gaza Strip before 1967?

a. Israel.

b. Syria.

c. Jordan.

d. Egypt.

6. Which of the following countries controlled part of Jerusalem before 1967?

a. Lebanon.

b. Syria.

c. Jordan.

d. Egypt.

7. Which of the following was not called for in Security Council Resolution 242?

a. A just and lasting peace in the Middle East.

b. Withdrawal of Israel armed forces from all territories occupied.

c. Respect for and acknowledgment of the sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence of every State in the area.

d. All of the above.

8. What was the leading group in the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO)?

a. Islamic Jihad.

b. Hamas.

c. Al-Fatah.

d. Black September.

9. Which of the following groups was responsible for the murder of Israeli athletes at the 1972 Munich Olympics?

a. Islamic Jihad.

b. Hamas.

c. Al-Fatah.

d. Black September.

10. Which of the following countries did Israel invade in 1982?

a. Egypt.

b. Syria.

c. Lebanon.

d. Jordan.

11. What Arab leader launched the 1973 Yom Kippur War?

a. Gamal Abdel. Nasser.

b. Anwar Sadat.

c. Saddam Hussein.

d. Hosni Mubarak.

12. How did the United States view the Yom Kippur War?

a. A test of the credibility of its commitment to Israel’s security.

b. An opportunity to foster Israeli-Palestinian reconciliation.

c. A threat posed by Pan-Arabism.

d. A threat to the stability of Egypt.

13. Who mediated an end to the crisis produced by the Yom Kippur War?

a. James Baker.

b. George P. Shultz.

c. Henry Kissinger.

d. Dean Rusk.

14. Which U.S. president is most closely associated with the beginning of the Isaeli-Palestinian “peace process”?

a. Richard M. Nixon.

b. Jimmy Carter.

c. Bill Clinton.

d. George H. W. Bush.

15. What was the most enduring result of the Camp David Accords?

a. Israeli agreement to the right of return of Palestinian refugees.

b. A Palestinian-Israeli peace treaty.

c. The start of multilateral peace negotiations in Cairo, Egypt.

d. An Israeli-Egyptian peace treaty.

16. How did Secretary of State Baker persuade Israeli leaders to attend the multilateral peace conference in Madrid, Spain in 1991.

a. He threatened to withhold U.S. loan guarantees to Israel.

b. He offered to recognize Jerusalem as Israel’s capital.

c. He threatened that Washington would recognize an independent Palestinian state.

d. He offered an increase in military and economic aid to Israel.

17. On what issue did Israel refuse to budge at the Madrid Conference?

a. Palestinian autonomy on the West Bank.

b. Restoring relations with Jordan.

c. The future of the occupied territories.

d. Palestinian access to the Al Aqsa mosque in Jerusalem.

18. What is Israel’s major disagreement with Syria?

a. A two-state solution that would include a sovereign Palestinian state.

b. The division of Jerusalem.

c. The future of the Golan Heights.

d. The future of the Gaza Strip.

19. What Israeli prime minister negotiated the Oslo Accords?

a. Ariel Sharon.

b. Yitzhak Rabin.

c. Ehud Olmert.

d. Benjamin Netanyahu.

20. What was the major accomplishment of the Oslo Accords?

a. It established a self-governing Palestinian Authority in the West Bank.

b. It declared that Israel would relinquish the Gaza Strip.

c. It recognized that Israel would remain a Jewish state.

d. It sanctioned UN recognition of Palestine as a sovereign state.

21. What event was triggered by the Oslo Accords?

a. Ariel Sharon’s stroke.

b. The assassination of Yitzhak Rabin.

c. The ouster of Yasser Arafat as chairman of the PLO.

d. The reelection of Benjamin Netanyahu as Israel’s prime minister.

22. What did Palestinian leaders regard as an Israeli violation of the Oslo Accords and the later Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements?

a. Israel’s continued occupation of Gaza.

b. Israel’s refusal to recognize the “right of return” of Palestinian refugees.

c. Israel’s expansion of settlements in the West Bank.

d. Israel’s refusal to recognize Palestinian rights in East Jerusalem.

23. Which of the following was the high point of the Israeli-Palestinian peace process?

a. The Kerry round of negotiations.

b. The Oslo Accords.

c. Anwar Sadat’s arrival in Jerusalem.

d. Prime Minister Netanyahu’s acceptance of a two-state solution for Israel and Palestine.

24. Which of the following is the Palestinian administrative capital in the West Bank.

a. Hebron.

b. Bethlehem.

c. Jenin.

d. Ramallah.

25. Which of the following statesmen suggested the parameters of a territorial swap by which Israel would retain some of the West Bank in return for providing the Palestinians with additional territory elsewhere?

a. Yasser Arafat.

b. Bill Clinton.

c. Ehud Barak.

d. Barack Obama.

26. What triggered the second intifada?

a. Israeli reoccupation of Gaza.

b. Ehud Barak’s refusal to end settlement construction on the West Bank.

c. Benjamin Netanyahu’s demand that the Palestinian recognize Israel as a “Jewish state.”

d. Ariel Sharon’s visit to the Dome of the Rock.

27. From where did Israeli troops withdraw in 2005?

a. The Sinai Peninsula.

b. Southern Lebanon.

c. The Golan Heights.

d. The Gaza Strip.

28. Which Israeli leader announced his commitment to the establishment of a Palestinian state in 2005?

a. Ariel Sharon.

b. Benjamin Netanyahu.

c. Ehud Barak.

d. Menachem Begin.

29. Who was Sheikh Ahmed Yassin?

a. A chairman of the PLO.

b. The founder of Hamas.

c. The founder of Hezbollah.

d. A Lebanese Sunni leader.

30. With what country did a crisis erupt after Israeli troops seized a vessel trying to break Israel’s blockade of Gaza?

a. Iran.

b. Turkey.

c. Syria.

d. Lebanon.

31. What area was taken over by Hamas in a coup?

a. East Jerusalem.

b. Southern Lebanon.

c. Gaza.

d. The Sinai Peninsula.

32. What country aided Israel’s effort to seal tunnels into Gaza?

a. The United States.

b. Jordan.

c. France.

d. Egypt.

33. What triggered Israel’s war with Hamas in 2014?

a. The murder of three Israeli teenagers.

b. Hamas missile attacks on Tel Aviv and Haifa.

c. Palestinian suicide bombings of Israeli buses in Jerusalem.

d. An attack on Israeli tourists in Cyprus.

34. Why did Hamas remain isolated after its war against Israel in 2014?

a. The withdrawal of U.S. recognition.

b. The intensifying civil war in Syria.

c. The presence of hostile regimes in Syria and Egypt.

d. The refusal of the PLO to recognize Hamas’s legitimacy.

35. What was the reason for growing U.S. criticism of Israel in 2014?

a. The number of civilian casualties in Gaza during the Israeli-Hamas war.

b. Israeli bombing of Beirut, Lebanon against Hezbollah targets.

c. The completion of a wall separating Israel and the West Bank.

d. The continued Israeli naval blockade of Gaza.

36. What country is Hezbollah’s patron?

a. Syria.

b. Qatar.

c. Iran.

d. The United Arab Emirates.

37. What group does Hezbollah represent?

a. Sunni Muslims.

b. Shia Muslims.

c. Sufi Muslims.

d. Salafi Muslims.

38. Who is Hassan Nasrallah?

a. The leader of Hamas’ military wing.

b. The commander of Iran’s al-Quds revolutionary guards.

c. The leader of Israel’s Arab community.

d. The leader of Hezbollah.

39. In what respect did Hezbollah violation Security Council Resolution 1701?

a. It refused to permit UN peacekeepers to be stationed along the Israel-Lebanon border?

b. It refused to cease shelling Israeli troops.

c. It refused to withdraw from its advanced positions.

d. It refused to disarm.

40. How did Israel try to slow Iran’s development of nuclear weapons?

a. It assassinated Iranian scientists.

b. It bombed the Iranian nuclear facility at Natanz.

c. It interdicted North Korean vessels bound for Iran.

d. It enforced an embargo of dual use technologies to Iran.

Why does Israel want to eliminate Iran’s nuclear capability more quickly than the United States?

a. It uses a different method to calculate how much uranium Iran has enriched.

b. It is more vulnerable than the United States.

c. It believes America’s commitment to Israel’s security is not credible.

d. It lacks the ability to retaliate against Iran if attacked.

42. What event eroded Israel’s belief in the credibility of the U.S. to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons?

a. U.S. failure to use force against Syria after that country had employed chemical weapons against civilians.

b. America’s welcome for Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani during his visit to the United Nations.

c. U.S. refusal to interdict weapons moving through Syria for Hezbollah.

d. U.S. refusal to provide arms to Ukraine in the fact of Russian aggression.

43. Who invited Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to speak to Congress about Western negotiations with Iran?

a. President Barack Obama.

b. Vice President Joseph Boehner.

c. Senate majority leader Mitch McConnell.

d. House Speaker John Boehner.

44. Other than the PLO what country in the UN General Assembly enjoys non-member observer status?

a. Andorra.

b. Monaco.

c. The Vatican.

d. San Marino.

45. Who proposed a reopening of Israeli-Palestinian negotiations in 2013?

a. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright.

b. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.

c. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger.

d. Secretary of State John Kerry.

46. What event triggered the breakdown of talks between Israel and the Palestinians in 2014?

a. A resumption of talks between the PLO and Hamas to unify the Palestinian movement.

b. A resumption of Hamas’s rocket attacks against Israel.

c. The kidnapping of an Israeli soldier by Hamas.

d. The refusal of the PLO to provide security in the West Bank.

47. What did Secretary of State Kerry conclude had led to the failure of Israeli-Palestinian negotiations in 2014?

a. The formation of a joint POLO-Hamas government.

b. Israel’s announcement of additional apartment construction in Jerusalem.

c. Hamas’s continued rocket attacks on Israeli cities.

d. A raid by Hezbollah into northern Israel.

48. On what issue has Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu repeatedly altered his view?

a. The right of return for Palestinian refugees.

b. The future status of Jerusalem.

c. A two-state solution in return for peace.

d. Israel’s recognition of Hamas.

49. Why has the PLO refused to accept Prime Minister Netanyahu’s demand that they recognize Israel as a Jewish state?

a. It would deny Palestinian refugees of the right to return to their homes.

b. It would perpetuate the divisions between Arab and Jewish Israelis.

c. It would preclude a two-state solution in the region.

d. It would alienate the PLO’s Arab allies.

50. What do Israelis means by “Judea and Samaria”?

a. Gaza.

b. The West Bank.

c. Jerusalem.

d. The Sinai Desert.

Essay Questions

51. What is meant by “Christian Zionists”?

52. What is the Balfour Declaration?

55. What incentives existed for President Anwar Sadat to meet President Clinton and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin at Camp David?

57. What is the major difference between Israel and the United States about a deal with Iran over its program to develop nuclear weapons?

58. What resource issues divide Israel and the Palestinians?

59. What series of events dramatically complicated Israeli security calculations after 2011?

60. What event resulted in the largest one-day loss of Marine lives since the World War II Battle of Iwo Jima? (

61. The best-known pro-Israel group is ____________________.

62. Among Israel’s strongest supporters in the U.S. are conservatives associated with _____________.

63. The 19^th-century movement for the return of the Jewish people to their homeland, the biblical Land of Israel is called _____________

64. The British commitment to support “a national home for the Jewish people” was contained in _________________.

65. The 1967 Six-Day War resulted in Israeli occupation of Israeli occupation of ___________________

66. Following the Six-Day War, the UN Security Council unanimously adopted _________________ that has shaped later debate about the occupied territories.

67. ______________committed participants to negotiate about providing “full autonomy” and “a “self-governing authority” for Palestinians in Gaza and the West Bank leading to a withdrawal of Israeli troops sketched out terms for a 1979 Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty.

68. In 1988 Jordan surrendered its claim to _______________, leaving the Palestinians to negotiate directly with Israel.

69. The second intifada erupted when Ariel Sharon, then a candidate to become Israel’s prime minister, escorted by 1,000 police officers visited ________________

70. Following violent clashes, ________ seized power in _______ in June 2007.

71. The paramilitary group _______________, located in southern Lebanon on Israel’s northern border, which both Washington and the EU regard as a terrorist organization, posed a great owing to links with ________________

72. Israel regards Iran’s nuclear program as an _________________.

73. In a speech to Congress, ________________ inveighed against what he called a “bad deal” between Washington and Tehran that would Iran to retain a capability to restart its effort to develop nuclear weapons.

74. Israel succumbed to pressure from __________________ in 2013 to reopen negotiations with the Palestinians.

75. The Palestinians refused to

a. “right of return.”