Ch7 The Biomechanics of the Human Upper Extremity Test Bank

Basic Biomechanics, 8e (Hall)

Chapter 7 The Biomechanics of the Human Upper Extremity

1) Scapulohumeral rhythm involves ________ of the scapula and ________ of the humerus.

A) downward rotation; extension

B) downward rotation; abduction

C) upward rotation; abduction

D) abduction; adduction

2) What is/are the purpose(s) of the scapula muscles?

A) stabilize the scapula

B) move the scapula

C) both stabilize the scapula and move the scapula

D) none of these answers is correct

3) Which of the following is not a rotator cuff muscle?

A) teres major

B) infraspinatus

C) supraspinatus

D) subscapularis

E) all of these answers are correct

4) Which of the following secretes synovial fluid to lessen friction between soft tissues around joints?

A) menisci

B) articular cartilage

C) bursae

D) none of these answers is correct

5) Glenohumeral dislocations usually occur when the humerus is in which of the following positions?

A) abducted

B) externally rotated

C) both abducted and externally rotated

D) none of these answers is correct

6) Which of the following activities may promote the development of rotator cuff impingement syndrome?

A) throwing

B) swimming

C) serving in tennis

D) all of these answers are correct

7) The biceps brachii is strongest and most effective as an elbow flexor when the forearm is in what position?

A) neutral

B) supinated

C) pronated

D) does not matter

8) The brachialis is strongest and most effective as an elbow flexor when the forearm is in what position?

A) neutral

B) supinated

C) pronated

D) does not matter

9) To best isolate the brachialis (reduce the effectiveness of the other flexors), perform arm curls with the forearm in what position?

A) neutral

B) supinated

C) pronated

D) does not matter

10) Carpometacarpal joint 1 is what type of joint?

A) hinge

B) condyloid

C) saddle

D) none of these answers is correct

11) The interphalangeal joints are what type joints?

A) hinge

B) condyloid

C) saddle

D) none of these answers is correct

12) Metacarpophalangeal joints 2-5 are what type joints?

A) hinge

B) condyloid

C) saddle

D) none of these answers is correct

13) Overuse of the wrist extensors can cause what?

A) tennis elbow

B) lateral epicondylitis

C) tendinitis

D) all of these answers are correct

14) The humeroulnar, humeroradial, and proximal radioulnar joints are the three articulations present at which joint?

A) wrist

B) elbow

C) shoulder

D) none of these answers is correct

15) Which of the following factors provides stability at the elbow?

A) the articulating bones

B) ligaments

C) both the articulating bones and ligaments

D) none of these answers is correct

16) Pronation and supination of the forearm occur at which of the following joints?

A) proximal radioulnar joint

B) distal radioulnar joint

C) both proximal radioulnar joint and distal radioulnar joint

D) none of these answers is correct

17) Which type of movement is permitted at the radiocarpal joint?

A) sagittal plane motion

B) circumduction

C) frontal plane motion

D) all of these answers are correct

18) Movement of the hand at the wrist toward the thumb side of the arm (frontal plane) is known as which of the following?

A) radial deviation

B) ulnar deviation

C) abduction

D) adduction

19) The large range of movement of the thumb compared to that of the fingers is derived from the structure of which of the following?

A) the thumb's carpometacarpal joint

B) the thumb's intermetacarpal joint

C) the thumb's metacarpophalangeal joint

D) all of these answers are correct

20) Which joint in the body has the most range of motion?

A) sternoclavicular

B) acromioclavicular

C) glenohumeral

D) humeroulnar

21) Which of these muscles is not a mover of the humerus?

A) biceps brachii

B) coracobrachialis

C) deltoid

D) trapezius

22) Which of the following muscles is not an elbow flexor?

A) biceps

B) triceps

C) brachioradialis

D) brachialis

23) Where do the wrist flexors originate?

A) medial epicondyle

B) lateral epicondyle

C) both medial epicondyle and lateral epicondyle

D) depends on which one

24) Throwing injuries to the elbow usually fall into which category?

A) acute

B) chronic

C) both acute and chronic equally

D) throwing does not cause injury to the elbow

25) Which muscles originate distal to the wrist and insert distal to the wrist?

A) intrinsics

B) extrinsics

C) elbow flexors

D) elbow extensors

26) Which of the following groups are vulnerable to carpal tunnel syndrome?

A) jobs requiring repeated forceful wrist flexion

B) jobs requiring habitual resting of the arms on the palmar side of the wrist

C) skateboarders

D) both jobs requiring repeated forceful wrist flexion and jobs requiring habitual resting of the arms on the palmar side of the wrist

E) all of these answers are correct

27) Right-handed golfers will likely incur epicondylitis where?

A) lateral epicondylitis on the left side

B) lateral epicondylitis on the right side

C) medial epicondylitis on the left side

D) occurs with equal frequency on both sides of both arms

28) The wrist extensor muscles originate where?

A) lateral epicondyle

B) medial epicondyle

C) radius

D) ulna

29) Choose the term that describes an irregular joint between the acromion process of the scapula and the distal clavicle.

A) acromioclavicular joint

B) humeroradial joint

C) coracoclavicular joint

D) glenohumeral joint

30) Choose the term that describes the rim of soft tissue located on the periphery of the glenoid fossa that adds stability to the glenohumeral joint.

A) extrinsic muscles

B) glenohumeral joint

C) glenoid labrum

D) humeroradial joint

31) Choose the term that describes the band of tendons of the subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor, which attach to the humeral head.

A) retinacula

B) rotator cuff

C) scapulohumeral rhythm

D) sternoclavicular joint

32) Choose the term that describes the sacs secreting synovial fluid internally that lessen friction between soft tissues around joints.

A) acromioclavicular joint

B) bursae

C) coracoclavicular joint

D) epicondylitis

33) Choose the term that describes a regular pattern of scapular rotation that accompanies and facilitates humeral abduction.

A) retinacula

B) rotator cuff

C) scapulohumeral rhythm

D) sternoclavicular joint

34) Choose the term that describes the gliding joint in which the capitellum of the humerus articulates with the proximal end of the radius.

A) glenohumeral joint

B) humeroradial joint

C) humeroulnar joint

D) sternoclavicular joint

35) Choose the term that describes the pivots joints at both the proximal and distal ends.

A) radiocarpal joints

B) radioulnar joint

C) glenohumeral joint

D) humeroulnar joint

36) Choose the term that describes an inflammation and sometimes microrupturing of the collagenous tissues on either the lateral or medial side of the distal humerus.

A) acromioclavicular joint

B) bursae

C) coracoclavicular joint

D) epicondylitis

37) Choose the term that describes the fibrous bands of fascia.

A) retinacula

B) rotator cuff

C) scapulohumeral rhythm

D) sternoclavicular joint

38) Choose the term that describes the muscles with the proximal attachments located proximal to the wrist and distal attachments located distal to the wrist.

A) coracoclavicular joint

B) epicondylitis

C) extrinsic muscles

D) intrinsic muscles

39) The rim of soft tissue located on the periphery of the glenoid fossa that adds stability to the glenohumeral joint is called the glenoid ________.

40) Muscles with one attachment proximal to the wrist and the other attachment distal to the wrist are called ________ muscles.

41) Concurrent movement of the scapula and the humerus is called ________ ________.

42) The most commonly dislocated joint in the human body is the ________ joint.

43) Describe the two types of epicondylitis, including common names, involved muscles, symptoms and probable causes.

44) Describe carpal tunnel syndrome, including affected area, symptoms and probable causes.

45) Describe rotator cuff impingement syndrome, including involved muscle(s), symptoms and probable causes.

46) Explain the relationship between range of motion and stability at a joint, including examples of joints with different number of axes.

47) Workers who use vibrating tools are particularly susceptible to carpal tunnel syndrome.

48) Proper pitching mechanics in youth pitchers can help prevent elbow injuries by reducing the valgus load on the elbow.

49) Shoulder girdle and shoulder joint are interchangeable terms meaning the same thing.

50) The rotator cuff muscle which is located between the scapula and the thorax is the supraspinatus.