Ch7 – Contraception | Test Bank – 2nd Edition

View Product website:

https://selldocx.com/docx/ch7-contraception-test-bank-2nd-edition-1476

Student name:__________

TRUE/FALSE - Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
1) The withdrawal method is one of the most effective methods of birth control.

⊚ true
⊚ false

2) As a method of contraception, vaginal spermicides are more effective than male condoms.

⊚ true
⊚ false

3) Regular breastfeeding is a more effective form of birth control than the withdrawal method.

⊚ true
⊚ false

4) Female condoms have a lower failure rate than intrauterine devices.

⊚ true
⊚ false

5) Vasectomies have a lower failure rate than injectable contraceptives.

⊚ true
⊚ false

6) Human error is the most important variable when evaluating effectiveness.

⊚ true
⊚ false

7) Continuous abstinence is a method of contraception that protects against pregnancy but not STIs.

⊚ true
⊚ false

8) Selective abstinence includes sexual behaviors such as vaginal, anal, and oral intercourse.

⊚ true
⊚ false

9) Fluid-free sexual behaviors include activities such as mutual masturbation or pleasuring one another with toys (as long as they are not shared).

⊚ true
⊚ false

10) Condoms are the only barrier method that protects against STIs, including HIV.

⊚ true
⊚ false

11) Female condoms prevent the transmission of STIs but do not reduce the risk of pregnancy.

⊚ true
⊚ false

12) A female condom should be used in combination with a male condom to increase protection against STIs and prevent pregnancy.

⊚ true
⊚ false

13) Cervical barrier methods of contraception protect against both pregnancy and STIs.

⊚ true
⊚ false

14) FemCap and Lea's Shield are examples of cervical barriers.

⊚ true
⊚ false

15) A physician must fit individuals with the diaphragm and cervical cap.

⊚ true
⊚ false

16) Vaginal spermicides provide protection against STIs.

⊚ true
⊚ false

17) While spermicides can be used alone, they are most effective when used with barrier methods.

⊚ true
⊚ false

18) The contraceptive or vaginal ring delivers hormones similar to a combination oral contraceptive every day over a 3-week period.

⊚ true
⊚ false

19) Intrauterine devices reduce the risk of pregnancy by preventing ovulation.

⊚ true
⊚ false

20) IUDs do not protect against STIs, and women are at an increased risk for an STI during the first 4 months after insertion.

⊚ true
⊚ false

MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
21) _____ refers to a process or method used to prevent conception or pregnancy.

A) Abstinence
B) Ligation
C) Vasectomy
D) Abortion
E) Contraception

22) Which of the following is a method of contraception that involves withdrawal of the penis from the vagina before ejaculation?

A) douching
B) coitus reservatus
C) coitus obstructus
D) coitus interruptus
E) tubal ligation

23) _____ is the general category of putting pressure on the testicles, a method from Ancient India, which was thought to cause sperm to be ejaculated into the bladder.

A) Coitus obstructus
B) Coitus reservatus
C) Douching
D) Coitus interruptus
E) Tubal ligation

24) Identify the method of contraception from Hindu medicine in which the male totally avoids ejaculation.

A) coitus obstructus
B) douching
C) coitus reservatus
D) coitus interruptus
E) tubal ligation

25) _____ refers to a method of washing out the vagina or washing the penis.

A) Coitus obstructus
B) Douching
C) Coitus reservatus
D) Coitus interruptus
E) Tubal ligation

26) Which of the following refers to a suppository, object, or elixir placed in the vagina as a method of birth control?

A) subdermal implant
B) spermicide
C) sea sponge
D) condom
E) pessary

27) _____ were used by the ancient Jews and other peoples to block the sperm from entering the cervix.

A) Subdermal implants
B) Spermicides
C) Sea sponges
D) Condoms
E) Douches

28) Which of the following contraceptive methods is used most commonly by tribal societies?

A) subdermal implant
B) pessary
C) sea sponge
D) condom
E) spermicide

29) Who among the following actively campaigned to decriminalize contraception and is credited with coining the term birth control?

A) Margaret Sanger
B) Anthony Comstock
C) Arthur Baird
D) Sally Griswold
E) Susan B. Anthony

30) What did the Supreme Court hold in the case of Griswold v. Connecticut?

A) that the right of married couples to use birth control is constitutionally protected as a "right of privacy"
B) that the Comstock Laws were unconstitutional acts of legislative authority
C) that access to abortion is protected by the First Amendment to the Constitution
D) that only single women have a legally protected right to contraception
E) that birth control pills are unsafe and should be pulled from the shelves

31) _____ refers to a form of permanent, surgical contraception in which the fallopian tubes are tied, cut, or blocked to prevent egg and sperm from uniting.

A) Subdermal implant
B) Pessary
C) Tubal ligation
D) Vasectomy
E) Intrauterine device

32) Which of the following is a permanent method of birth control?

A) vaginal ring
B) intrauterine device
C) pessary method
D) condom
E) tubal ligation

33) Which of the following refers to a form of permanent, surgical contraception in which sperm are prevented from mixing with semen in ejaculate by cutting or tying off the vas deferens?

A) vaginal ring
B) intrauterine device
C) pessary method
D) vasectomy
E) tubal ligation

34) Identify the method of birth control that is permanent.

A) vaginal ring
B) vasectomy
C) pessary method
D) spermicide
E) intrauterine device

35) Which of the following methods of birth control has/have the lowest failure rate?

A) diaphragm
B) female sterilization
C) contraceptive pill
D) fertility awareness methods
E) spermicides

36) Which of the following methods of birth control has/have the highest failure rate?

A) injectables
B) implants
C) intrauterine devices
D) vasectomy
E) male condoms

37) Hannah has decided that she does not want to have any more children. She therefore wants to use the most effective method of birth control. Which of the following forms of birth control would be the best option for Hannah?

A) vasectomy
B) tubal ligation
C) cervical cap with spermicides
D) subdermal implant
E) contraceptive pill

38) _____ is an unreliable method of contraception that involves removing the penis from the vagina just prior to ejaculation.

A) Coitus obstructus
B) Douching
C) Coitus reservatus
D) Pessary
E) The withdrawal method

39) Which of the following methods of birth control protects against both pregnancy and STIs?

A) vasectomy
B) Lea's Shield
C) cervical cap
D) male condom
E) diaphragm

40) Mira wants to prevent the risk of pregnancy and protect herself against STIs when she engages in sexual intercourse. Which of the following would be the best method of birth control for Mira?

A) contraceptive pill
B) male condom
C) vaginal ring
D) subdermal implant
E) tubal ligation

41) Which of the following is a disadvantage of using diaphragms with spermicide?

A) reduces male sensitivity
B) partner agreement is necessary
C) requires strong commitment
D) requires interruption of intercourse
E) increases risk of female urinary tract infections

42) Identify a cervical barrier method of contraception.

A) combination pill
B) female condom
C) diaphragm
D) contraceptive patch
E) contraceptive ring

43) Which of the following is a temporary method of birth control that requires trained personnel for insertion and withdrawal?

A) injectable
B) intrauterine device
C) contraceptive ring
D) vasectomy
E) tubal ligation

44) Which of the following is a hormonal method of birth control?

A) injectable
B) intrauterine device
C) Lea's Shield
D) contraceptive sponge
E) vaginal spermicide

45) Which of the following methods of birth control has the highest typical failure rate?

A) contraceptive patch
B) implant
C) minipill
D) contraceptive sponge
E) injectable

46) _____ refers to a form of contraception that involves completely refraining from sexual intercourse.

A) Continuous abstinence
B) Selective abstinence
C) Fluid-free sexual behaviors
D) Lea's Shield
E) Hormonal contraceptives

47) _____ refers to a form of contraception in which individuals avoid certain sexual behaviors that could lead to pregnancy or the transmission of STIs, such as vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse.

A) Continuous abstinence
B) Postovulation
C) Selective abstinence
D) Lea's Shield
E) Hormonal contraceptives

48) The _____ is a thin sheath made of latex or polyurethane that is worn internally by a woman during intercourse.

A) female condom
B) cervical cap
C) diaphragm
D) contraceptive patch
E) contraceptive ring

49) During ejaculation, a(n) _____ catches semen and prevents it from entering the vagina, cervix, anus, or mouth.

A) pessary
B) sea sponge
C) diaphragm
D) condom
E) intrauterine device

50) Which of the following methods of contraception protects against STIs?

A) intrauterine device
B) female condom
C) diaphragm
D) cervical cap
E) contraceptive pill

51) _____ allows a one-way flow of fluid from the cervix to the vagina but prevents semen from contact with the cervix.

A) A cervical cap
B) A diaphragm
C) Lea's Shield
D) FemCap
E) A female condom

52) With which of the following methods of birth control should a woman refrain from rinsing the vagina or douching for at least 6 hours after intercourse?

A) spermicides
B) pessary
C) diaphragms
D) female condoms
E) oral contraceptives

53) Which of the following methods of contraception alter specific characteristics of a woman's ovulation cycle or reproductive tract?

A) fertility awareness methods
B) barrier methods
C) cervical barrier methods
D) vaginal spermicides
E) female hormonal methods

54) _____ prevent ovulation, thicken cervical mucus to prevent sperm from joining the egg, or alter the lining of the uterus to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg.

A) Fertility awareness methods
B) Hormonal methods
C) Cervical barrier methods
D) Vaginal spermicides
E) Barrier methods

55) Helena uses a method of birth control that alters the lining of her uterus and thus prevents the implantation of a fertilized egg. Identify the type of contraception that Helena is using.

A) cervical cap
B) vaginal spermicide
C) diaphragm
D) oral contraceptive
E) female condom

56) Identify the single biggest difference between today's hormonal contraceptives and the original birth control pills.

A) The current versions contain high doses of androgens.
B) The current versions contain very high doses of estrogen.
C) The current versions contain much lower doses of estrogen.
D) The current versions are much cheaper.
E) The current versions cause more side effects.

57) Which of the following is a benefit of birth control pills containing lower doses of estrogen?

A) The effectiveness of the pills is increased.
B) Potential side effects are substantially reduced.
C) The cost of the pills is reduced.
D) The pills become more readily available.
E) The protection against STIs is increased.

58) _____ are pills containing female hormones that are taken every day by women to prevent pregnancy.

A) Hormonal implants
B) Female condoms
C) Diaphragms
D) Vaginal rings
E) Oral contraceptives

59) Which of the following is another term for oral contraceptives?

A) hormonal implants
B) birth control pills
C) diaphragms
D) vaginal rings
E) female condoms

60) Identify the type of oral contraceptive that contains progestin only.

A) minipill
B) combination pill
C) hormonal implant
D) biphasic pill
E) hormonal patch

61) Birth control pills

A) kill sperm cells by creating a hostile environment within the uterus.
B) facilitate the implantation of a fertilized egg into the lining of the uterus.
C) promote the fertilization of the egg by a sperm cell.
D) prevent ovulation from occurring by changing a woman's hormone levels.
E) obstruct the cervix and thus prevent sperm from entering the uterus.

62) Identify a way in which birth control pills work.

A) They release copper into the uterus, which immobilizes sperm cells.
B) They increase the frequency of menstrual periods.
C) They cause ovulation to occur more frequently.
D) They form a barrier over the cervix that prevents sperm cells from entering the uterus.
E) They thicken the cervical mucus to prevent sperm from joining the egg.

63) The _____ contains 21 active pills that all contain the same level of hormones.

A) biphasic pill
B) monophasic pill
C) minipill
D) triphasic pill
E) contraceptive patch

64) Which of the following types of contraceptives is designed specifically for women who are breastfeeding?

A) biphasic pill
B) monophasic pill
C) minipill
D) triphasic pill
E) combination pill

65) Why do women who are breastfeeding require progestin-only minipills?

A) The progestin in minipills promotes the infant's growth.
B) Minipills do not need to be taken every day.
C) Minipills are more effective at preventing pregnancy.
D) The estrogen in combination pills can harm the breastfeeding infant.
E) The estrogen in combination pills can reduce milk production.

66) Marian has a history of blood clots, and her doctor has advised her not to take birth control pills that contain estrogen. She is in a committed monogamous relationship where there is no risk of transmission of STIs. Which of the following would be the best and most effective method of contraception for Marian?

A) withdrawal method
B) minipill
C) female condom
D) male condom
E) combination pill

67) A(n) _____ is a small tube of progestin that is inserted under the skin of a woman's upper arm.

A) contraceptive patch
B) injectable contraceptive
C) oral contraceptive
D) hormonal implant
E) emergency contraceptive

68) Jill uses a type of contraception that works by slowly releasing hormones into the body. It prevents pregnancy by inhibiting ovulation or thickening cervical mucus. Identify the form of contraception that Jill is using.

A) cervical cap
B) Essure
C) hormonal implant
D) intrauterine device
E) emergency contraception

69) Depo-Provera, an injectable contraceptive, contains a form of _____, which prevents pregnancy in a manner similar to hormonal implants.

A) progestin
B) estrogen
C) testosterone
D) insulin
E) adrenaline

70) Identify the reversible method of birth control in which fertility can take up to a year to return after discontinuation.

A) hormonal implant
B) vasectomy
C) tubal ligation
D) contraceptive patch
E) injectable contraceptive

71) The contraceptive or vaginal ring delivers hormones similar to

A) an injectable contraceptive.
B) a combination oral contraceptive.
C) the minipill.
D) emergency contraception.
E) vaginal spermicides.

72) _____ can prevent pregnancy after an instance of unprotected intercourse or when a condom or other barrier method fails.

A) Contraceptive rings
B) Minipills
C) Combination pills
D) Emergency contraception
E) Injectable contraceptives

73) _____ involves taking one pill as soon after unprotected intercourse as possible but within 72 hours for the best results.

A) Voluntary surgical contraception
B) Emergency contraception
C) Combination oral contraception
D) Progestin-only contraception
E) The fertility awareness method

74) Which of the following should NOT be used as a regular form of contraception, due to the high dosage of hormones it contains?

A) emergency contraception
B) hormonal implant
C) contraceptive ring
D) contraceptive patch
E) injectable contraceptive

75) Which of the following is a consequence of using emergency contraception as a regular form of birth control?

A) It can lead to the transmission of STIs.
B) It can cause an obstruction of the cervix.
C) It can cause the cervical mucus to thicken and prevent fertilization.
D) It can lead to unwanted pregnancies.
E) It can impact a woman's normal menstrual cycle.

76) _____ is a small, T-shaped plastic device that a medical professional places in the uterus to prevent pregnancy.

A) FemCap
B) A cervical cap
C) A diaphragm
D) An intrauterine device
E) The female condom

77) Which of the following types of contraceptives works by releasing a small amount of progestin into the uterus?

A) vaginal ring
B) hormonal implant
C) hormonal IUD
D) injectable contraceptive
E) contraceptive patch

78) Identify an effect of copper IUDs that prevents pregnancy.

A) It immobilizes the sperm on the way to the fallopian tubes.
B) It prevents the release of an egg from the ovary.
C) It disrupts a woman's menstrual cycle.
D) It blocks the entry of sperm into the uterus.
E) It kills sperm in the vagina and thus prevents its entry into the uterus.

79) Which of the following is an effect of hormonal IUDs that prevents pregnancy?

A) prevention of ovulation
B) destruction of the egg
C) immobilization of sperm
D) thickening of the cervical mucus
E) thickening of the uterine lining

80) _____ refers to a surgical alteration of the internal reproductive system of either male or female that permanently blocks sperm cells from fertilizing an ovum.

A) Abortion
B) Sterilization
C) Emergency contraception
D) Intrauterine method
E) Laparoscopy

81) Which of the following is a method of voluntary surgical contraception that is available for men?

A) Essure
B) tubal ligation
C) laparoscopy
D) intrauterine method
E) vasectomy

82) _____ refers to a surgical procedure whereby small incisions are made in the abdomen, into which a viewing scope and surgical instruments are inserted to perform surgery.

A) Vasectomy
B) Colonoscopy
C) Laparoscopy
D) Tubal ligation
E) Essure

83) For a _____, the fallopian tubes are cut, tied, or blocked using a variety of techniques.

A) vasectomy
B) colonoscopy
C) laparoscopy
D) tubal ligation
E) hormonal implant

84) _____ prevents fertilization by interrupting the passage of sperm or egg through the fallopian tubes.

A) A vasectomy
B) A tubal ligation
C) A laparoscopy
D) Emergency contraception
E) An oral contraceptive

85) For men, a _____ involves making a small incision in the scrotal sac to reach the vas deferens, which are cut and then blocked at both ends.

A) hormonal implant
B) colonoscopy
C) laparoscopy
D) tubal ligation
E) vasectomy

86) Michael wants to use a permanent form of contraception. He is undergoing a procedure in which a small incision will be made in the scrotal sac and the vas deferens will be cut and tied. Identify the procedure that Michael is undergoing.

A) hormonal implant
B) colonoscopy
C) vasectomy
D) tubal ligation
E) laparoscopy

87) _____ are contraceptive methods based on ovulation prediction and the viability of sperm; intercourse is timed to avoid fertile days in a woman's reproductive cycle.

A) Hormonal methods
B) Natural methods
C) Barrier methods
D) Cervical barrier methods
E) Voluntary surgical contraceptives

88) Which of the following methods are the LEAST successful ways to prevent pregnancy?

A) hormonal methods
B) cervical barrier methods
C) barrier methods
D) fertility awareness methods
E) voluntary surgical contraceptives

89) Which of the following is a fertility awareness method of contraception?

A) cervical barrier method
B) barrier method
C) Standard Days Method
D) hormonal method
E) intrauterine method

90) Why do natural methods of contraception have high failure rates?

A) Determining the time of ovulation is a complicated process that depends on many factors.
B) The frequency of ovulation increases, and this leads to higher chances of conception.
C) There are only a few days in a month when a couple can have sex without the risk of pregnancy.
D) These methods increase the chances of contracting an STI.
E) They completely stop ovulation and disrupt a woman's menstrual cycle.

91) Identify the fertility awareness-based method that uses cervical secretions as the indicator of fertility.

A) cervical barrier method
B) Basal Body Temperature Method
C) Standard Days Method
D) hormonal method
E) TwoDay Method

92) Elora is using the TwoDay Method of contraception. On a particular day, she notices the presence of cervical secretions. What can Elora infer from this observation?

A) She is pregnant.
B) She is fertile.
C) She is infertile.
D) She has contracted an STI.
E) She will be fertile in two days' time.

93) Kathryn is using a natural method of contraception that uses cervical secretions as an indicator of fertility. She has not noticed any cervical secretions yesterday and today. If she is using the TwoDay Method, what does Kathryn infer from these observations?

A) It is very likely that she has contracted a bacterial STI.
B) It is very likely that she is pregnant.
C) She should avoid intercourse today, as it can lead to pregnancy.
D) She can engage in intercourse today, as pregnancy is very unlikely.
E) She does not need to use a barrier method of contraception, as she does not have an STI.

94) Which of the following is a natural method of contraception?

A) Intrauterine Method
B) hormonal method
C) Cervical Barrier Method
D) barrier method
E) Basal Body Temperature Method

95) Jean uses a calendar to keep track of her menstrual cycle. Using the calendar, she identifies her fertile "window" and refrains from sexual intercourse on those days. Which of the following methods of contraception is Jean using?

A) cervical barrier method
B) Basal Body Temperature Method
C) Standard Days Method
D) hormonal method
E) TwoDay Method

96) A woman's basal body temperature spikes immediately before, during, and after

A) ovulation.
B) fertilization.
C) abortion.
D) menstruation.
E) sterilization.

FILL IN THE BLANK. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
97) Any process or method used to prevent conception or pregnancy is referred to as _____.

98) _____ rate refers to the number of women out of 100 who will become pregnant within the first year of using a particular method.

99) The number of people who accidentally become pregnant while using a particular method of birth control is referred to as the _____ failure rate.

100) The failure rate of a contraceptive method used by people who utilize it regularly and correctly is referred to as the _____-use failure rate.

101) Takara and her boyfriend Jamie frequently kiss and touch and have even mutually masturbated each other. They have not engaged in any sexual behaviors like vaginal, oral, or anal sex. This kind of fluid-free sexual behavior is one type of _____ abstinence.

102) The male _____ is a thin sheath made of latex, natural animal membrane, polyurethane, silicone, or other synthetic material that fits over the erect penis prior to intercourse.

103) Creams, foams, gels, suppositories, and films that contain a chemical that is lethal to sperm are referred to as ______.

104) _____ pills are birth control pills that combine estrogen and progestin.

105) The _____ pill contains 21 active pills with two different levels of estrogen and progestin.

106) The _____ pill contains 21 active pills with three different hormone dosages.

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
107) Describe three methods of contraception that have historically been used in different cultures.

108) Provide a brief history of contraceptives in the United States. How did the Comstock Act affect the rights of individuals to birth control?

109) Describe Margaret Sanger's contributions toward the legalization of contraception.

110) What is a male condom? Describe its use. Discuss some of the pros and cons of using male condoms.

111) What are fluid-free sexual behaviors? What are the advantages and disadvantages of using this method of contraception?

112) Amy is in a committed heterosexual relationship. She would like to have children someday, but currently she seeks to reduce the risk of pregnancy. What would be the most effective form of contraception for Amy, and why?

113) Describe the voluntary surgical contraception that is currently available for women.

114) What is the Basal Body Temperature Method? How can it be used effectively to prevent pregnancy?

115) Why do fertility awareness methods of contraception have such high failure rates?