Ch7 Complete Test Bank The Early Republic, 1800 1815

Chapter 7: The Early Republic, 1800–1815

CORE OBJECTIVES

1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

2. Describe how foreign events affected the United States during the Jefferson and Madison administrations.

3. Explain the primary causes of the American decision to declare war on Great Britain in 1812.

4. Analyze the most significant outcomes of the War of 1812 on the United States.

TRUE/FALSE

1. At his inauguration in 1801, Thomas Jefferson sought to promote “republican simplicity” by not wearing fancy clothes or hosting elegant parties while in the White House.

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

TOP: The “People’s President”

2. Marbury v. Madison was sparked by one of President Adams’s “midnight appointments.”

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

TOP: Marbury v. Madison

3. Once in office, Jefferson set out to dismantle Hamilton’s Federalist economic program.

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

TOP: Jefferson’s Economic Policies

4. During Thomas Jefferson’s presidency, the national debt grew much larger.

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

TOP: Jefferson’s Economic Policies

5. The purchase of the Louisiana Territory in 1803 raised constitutional issues as to whether President Jefferson had the authority to buy land from a foreign nation.

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

TOP: The Louisiana Purchase

6. Thomas Jefferson signed an act outlawing the foreign slave trade as of 1808.

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

TOP: Slave Trade Legislation

7. During the early 1800s, the British were more likely than the French to respect American shipping rights.

OBJ: 2. Describe how foreign events affected the United States during the Jefferson and Madison administrations.

TOP: Naval Harassment by Britain and France

8. To avoid going to war with Great Britain, President Jefferson supported an embargo that banned U.S. trade with foreign nations.

OBJ: 2. Describe how foreign events affected the United States during the Jefferson and Madison administrations.

TOP: The Embargo Act (1807)

9. Although James Madison was the “Father of the Constitution” and an effective legislator in the House of Representatives, he was a weak and indecisive president.

OBJ: 2. Describe how foreign events affected the United States during the Jefferson and Madison administrations.

TOP: James Madison and the Drift to War

10. Tecumseh was a Shawnee leader who supported the United States in the War of 1812.

OBJ: 3. Explain the primary causes of the American decision to declare war on Great Britain in 1812.

TOP: Native American Conflicts

11. Most “war hawks” were New England Federalists.

OBJ: 3. Explain the primary causes of the American decision to declare war on Great Britain in 1812.

TOP: War Fever

12. The most humiliating experience of the War of 1812 for the United States was the British capture and burning of Washington, D.C.

OBJ: 3. Explain the primary causes of the American decision to declare war on Great Britain in 1812.

TOP: Fighting in the Chesapeake

13. William Henry Harrison was the American hero at the Battle of New Orleans.

OBJ: 4. Analyze the most significant outcomes of the War of 1812 on the United States.

TOP: The Battle of New Orleans

14. The Battle of New Orleans was meaningless because it was fought after the war had officially ended.

OBJ: 4. Analyze the most significant outcomes of the War of 1812 on the United States.

TOP: The Battle of New Orleans

15. The Federalist party was badly hurt by its involvement in the Hartford Convention.

OBJ: 4. Analyze the most significant outcomes of the War of 1812 on the United States.

TOP: The Hartford Convention

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which statement describes Thomas Jefferson as president?

a. Jefferson portrayed himself as the “common man” president.

b. Jefferson was a contradiction: a rich and educated Republican.

c. Jefferson endeavored to make the presidency a more “elegant” office.

d. Jefferson was bipartisan and willing to work with the opposition party.

e. Jefferson championed equality for all Americans so he freed his slaves once elected.

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: The “People’s President”

MSC: Evaluating

2. To Thomas Jefferson, “republican simplicity” meant

a. simplicity and frugality in government.

b. bipartisanship.

c. rejection of all “federalist” policies.

d. conducting himself in a more elegant manner than his predecessors.

e. living in a boarding house in Washington, D.C. rather than the White House.

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: The “People’s President”

MSC: Understanding

3. During Jefferson’s administration, the percentage of eligible white male voters

a. decreased somewhat.

b. decreased markedly.

c. increased somewhat.

d. increased markedly.

e. stayed the same.

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: A More Democratic Culture

MSC: Analyzing

4. During Jefferson’s administration, politics in the United States became

a. more democratic.

b. less democratic.

c. more relevant.

d. less relevant.

e. more efficient.

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: A More Democratic Culture

MSC: Understanding

5. In the case of Marbury v. Madison, the Supreme Court established the precedent known as

a. separation of powers.

b. original jurisdiction.

c. habeas corpus.

d. judicial review.

e. jury nullification.

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Marbury v. Madison

MSC: Remembering

6. One way President Jefferson sought to reduce the federal deficit when he took office was to

a. increase taxes on the wealthy.

b. slash the military budget in half.

c. decrease aid to foreign nations.

d. increase tariffs on British imports.

e. cut benefits to the infirm and elderly.

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: Jefferson’s Economic Policies

MSC: Understanding

7. During his first administration, Thomas Jefferson did which of the following?

a. Increased the size of the military budget and encouraged western expansion

b. Reduced federal government bureaucracy and restored more power to the states

c. Increased the whiskey tax and hired more federal tax collectors

d. Abolished the national bank

e. Dismantled Hamilton’s economic programs to restore economic growth

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Jefferson’s Economic Policies

MSC: Analyzing

8. Which of the following was true of Jefferson’s purchase of the Louisiana Territory?

a. It doubled the size of the United States and caused a constitutional dilemma.

b. It cost the United States $10 million and France’s loyalty.

c. It pleased all Americans, Federalists and Republicans alike.

d. It had been American negotiators’ intention all along.

e. It hurt Americans living in Tennessee and Kentucky.

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: The Louisiana Purchase

MSC: Understanding

9. Which of the following statements about the Lewis and Clark expedition is correct?

a. It began without Congress’s approval because only New England Federalists supported it.

b. It made Jefferson far less popular in the southern and western United States.

c. It provided vital information about the plants, animals, and geography of the Louisiana Territory.

d. It delayed the United States’ acquisition of the Oregon Country as it was preserved as Native American territory.

e. It was unsuccessful due to violent encounters with Native American tribes like that of Sacagawea.

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Lewis and Clark

MSC: Analyzing

10. While vice president of the United States, __________ killed Alexander Hamilton in a duel, was charged with murder, then fled to South Carolina.

a. Samuel Adams

b. Charles Pinckney

c. Aaron Burr

d. John C. Calhoun

e. Elihu Root

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Political Schemes

MSC: Remembering

11. Which of the following was one of the causes of divisions in the Republican Party?

a. The Federalists made up the overwhelming majority of the new Congress.

b. The Old Republicans increasingly began to compromise with the Federalists.

c. The Old Republicans became known for regularly stretching the “implied powers” of the Constitution.

d. Jeffersonian Republicans had become radically conservative, consistently defending states’ rights.

e. Jeffersonian Republicans were willing to compromise states’ rights, such as to maintain federal tariffs on imports.

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

NAT: Comparisons and Connections

TOP: Divisions in the Republican Party

MSC: Applying

12. What was the Burr Conspiracy?

a. A duel between Aaron Burr and Henry Clay that severely weakened the Republican party

b. Aaron Burr’s plot to declare part of the Louisiana Territory an independent republic

c. Secret meetings of plantation owners to keep the international slave trade in place

d. A political scheme that led to the ratification of the Twelfth Amendment

e. A plan designed by Republicans to declare the national bank unconstitutional

OBJ: 1. Summarize the major domestic political developments that took place during Thomas Jefferson’s administration.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: The Burr Conspiracy

MSC: Understanding

13. From 1801 to 1805 the United States was at war with

a. France.

b. England.

c. France and England.

d. France and Spain.

e. Tripoli.

OBJ: 2. Describe how foreign events affected the United States during the Jefferson and Madison administrations.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: The Barbary Pirates

MSC: Remembering

14. What action did the British navy take during Jefferson’s second term?

a. It interfered with American vessels primarily from the French and Spanish West Indies.

b. It made war on France and Canada.

c. It blockaded any and all American cargo ships.

d. It allied with the United States to fight the Barbary pirates.

e. It acknowledged American neutrality.

OBJ: 2. Describe how foreign events affected the United States during the Jefferson and Madison administrations.

NAT: Comparisons and Connections

TOP: Naval Harassment by Britain and France

MSC: Understanding

15. The British habit of detaining American ships, capturing sailors, and forcing them into the British navy was known as

a. impressment.

b. peaceful coercion.

c. search and seizure.

d. enlistment and recruiting.

e. kidnapping.

OBJ: 2. Describe how foreign events affected the United States during the Jefferson and Madison administrations.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Naval Harassment by Britain and France

MSC: Remembering

16. During Thomas Jefferson’s tenure as president, how many American seamen were seized and compelled into service by the British navy?

a. Fewer than 1,000

b. 2,000

c. 3,000

d. More than 6,000

e. 12,000

OBJ: 2. Describe how foreign events affected the United States during the Jefferson and Madison administrations.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Naval Harassment by Britain and France

MSC: Remembering

17. How did President Jefferson respond to the Leopard-Chesapeake incident?

a. He declared war on the British.

b. He banned trade with Britain, Canada, and the British West Indies.

c. He was outraged, but remained cautious.

d. He reinforced American neutrality.

e. He banned all foreign powers from trading with the United States.

OBJ: 2. Describe how foreign events affected the United States during the Jefferson and Madison administrations.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Naval Harassment by Britain and France

MSC: Understanding

18. The Embargo Act of 1807 was intended to force Great Britain and France to stop violating U.S. rights, but instead it

a. caused both nations to declare war on the United States.

b. encouraged the Netherlands to begin violating U. S. rights as well.

c. led to the first acts of aggression that eventually became the War of 1812.

d. devastated the U.S. economy.

e. encouraged Canada to support Britain and France.

OBJ: 2. Describe how foreign events affected the United States during the Jefferson and Madison administrations.

NAT: Comparisons and Connections

TOP: The Embargo Act (1807)

MSC: Analyzing

19. As a result of his handling of foreign relations, Thomas Jefferson

a. retired from the presidency happy and content.

b. angered many segments of American society, particularly New England Federalists.

c. sought a third term to continue his successful policies.

d. turned to southern and western voters for support.

e. appeased Federalist merchants.

OBJ: 2. Describe how foreign events affected the United States during the Jefferson and Madison administrations.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: The Embargo Act (1807)

MSC: Analyzing

20. Which of the following statements correctly describes the effects of President Madison’s Non-Intercourse Act?

a. It reopened trade with all foreign countries.

b. It reopened trade with both France and Great Britain.

c. It conditionally reopened trade with all foreign countries.

d. It reopened trade with all foreign countries except France and Great Britain.

e. It closed trade with all foreign countries but France and Great Britain.

OBJ: 2. Describe how foreign events affected the United States during the Jefferson and Madison administrations.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: James Madison and the Drift to War

MSC: Understanding

21. In 1812, President James Madison asked Congress to declare war because

a. of violations of U.S. rights as a neutral nation.

b. France violated American neutrality.

c. Federalists called for a defense of American honor.

d. Great Britain declared war first.

e. all Americans supported this conflict.

OBJ: 3. Explain the primary causes of the American decision to declare war on Great Britain in 1812.

NAT: Historical Interpretations

TOP: James Madison and the Drift to War

MSC: Understanding

22. As the United States drifted into the War of 1812 under James Madison’s leadership, many Americans in the western regions grew to endorse the war due to

a. British-supported Indian attacks in the Ohio Valley region.

b. Seminole Indian attacks on the Florida-Georgia border.

c. Delaware Indian attacks in Jamestown, Virginia.

d. the poor treatment Native Americans received at the hands of the American government.

e. William Henry Harrison’s alliances with native tribes in the Indiana Territory.

OBJ: 3. Explain the primary causes of the American decision to declare war on Great Britain in 1812.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Native American Conflicts

MSC: Understanding

23. Which statement best describes the circumstances at the start of the War of 1812?

a. Great Britain and the United States were both eager to fight.

b. Native Americans convinced the United States to fight.

c. Americans in the South and West supported the war; those in New England opposed it.

d. All Americans were focused on the acquisition of Canada.

e. Most southerners opposed the war.

OBJ: 3. Explain the primary causes of the American decision to declare war on Great Britain in 1812.

NAT: Comparisons and Connections

TOP: American Shipping Rights and Honor

MSC: Understanding

24. According to the textbook, the primary causes of the War of 1812 were

a. impressment and British alliances with the Cherokee Indian tribe.

b. impressment and British attacks on American shipping vessels.

c. the concerns expressed in the South over American honor.

d. the desire to expand into Canada and tariffs.

e. the desire to acquire western Florida and British espionage.

OBJ: 3. Explain the primary causes of the American decision to declare war on Great Britain in 1812.

NAT: Historical Interpretations

TOP: American Shipping Rights and Honor

MSC: Understanding

25. Reacting to land-hungry whites and their constant westward expansion, __________, a spiritual leader, and __________, a military leader, demanded change from Native Americans in the West.

a. Tippecanoe; Tecumseh

b. Powhatan; Mohegan

c. Tenskwatawa; Tippecanoe

d. Mohegan; Chippewa

e. Tenskwatawa; Tecumseh

OBJ: 3. Explain the primary causes of the American decision to declare war on Great Britain in 1812.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: Native American Conflicts

MSC: Remembering

26. Which of the following statements about Tecumseh’s Indian Confederacy is accurate?

a. It was a group of Native American nations that fought and were defeated by William Henry Harrison’s troops.

b. It was an idea envisioned by Tecumseh, but the only tribes he managed to unify were the Shawnees.

c. It was formed based on the understanding that only Native American tribes had the right to sell their land.

d. It consisted of Native American tribes found only in Canada and was a response to American expansion into Canada.

e. It lasted for centuries and was successful in negotiating a series of treaties with the United States.

OBJ: 3. Explain the primary causes of the American decision to declare war on Great Britain in 1812.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Native American Conflicts

MSC: Applying

27. At the Battle of __________, Governor William Henry Harrison led 1,000 troops in a victorious campaign against Native Americans in the Indian Territory.

a. Tippecanoe

b. Bunker Hill

c. Fort Ticonderoga

d. the Reservations

e. Caney Creek

OBJ: 3. Explain the primary causes of the American decision to declare war on Great Britain in 1812.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: Native American Conflicts

MSC: Remembering

28. What was the significance of the Hartford Convention?

a. It was called by rogue Republicans critical of President Madison.

b. It proposed the overthrow of the American government.

c. It was organized by Federalists to protest the War of 1812.

d. It occurred at the start of the War of 1812.

e. It was the work of southern war hawks.

OBJ: 4. Analyze the most significant outcomes of the War of 1812 on the United States.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: The Hartford Convention

MSC: Understanding

29. Some Americans’ desired war with Great Britain in 1812 because they wanted to make __________ and __________ U.S. territories.

a. Cuba; Puerto Rico

b. Louisiana; Texas

c. Canada; Florida

d. the Great Lakes; Mississippi River Valley

e. Ohio; Indiana

OBJ: 3. Explain the primary causes of the American decision to declare war on Great Britain in 1812.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: The Lust for Canada and Florida

MSC: Understanding

30. __________ tended to make up the group known as “war hawks.”

a. Young congressmen from Northern cities

b. Federalists from the mid-Atlantic

c. Young congressmen from the South and West

d. Recent immigrants to the United States

e. Seasoned members of Congress

OBJ: 3. Explain the primary causes of the American decision to declare war on Great Britain in 1812.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: War Fever

MSC: Understanding

31. At the outset of the War of 1812, it became apparent that the United States

a. did not need a national bank.

b. had many qualified potential soldiers to draw on.

c. had a stronger economy than ever.

d. had not been hurt militarily by Jeffersonian cuts.

e. was not prepared for war.

OBJ: 3. Explain the primary causes of the American decision to declare war on Great Britain in 1812.

NAT: Historical Interpretations

TOP: War Preparations

MSC: Evaluating

32. The treaty that ended the War of 1812 was signed in __________ in __________.

a. Ghent; 1814

b. Philadelphia; 1814

c. Paris; 1815

d. Washington, D.C.; 1814

e. New York; 1815

OBJ: 4. Analyze the most significant outcomes of the War of 1812 on the United States.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Treaty of Ghent

MSC: Remembering

33. The Treaty of Ghent

a. gave the United States control of Canada.

b. gave the United States control of Florida.

c. was grudgingly accepted by the British.

d. stopped British support of Indian attacks in the Northwest.

e. meant more territory for the British Empire.

OBJ: 4. Analyze the most significant outcomes of the War of 1812 on the United States.

NAT: Historical Documents

TOP: The Treaty of Ghent

MSC: Understanding

34. Which of the following was true of Andrew Jackson’s victory at the Battle of New Orleans?

a. It resulted in the signing of the treaty that ended the war.

b. It forced the British to acknowledge American military superiority.

c. It came with extremely high casualties for the United States.

d. It was largely due to the help of Napoléon’s army.

e. It occurred after the Treaty of Ghent had been signed.

OBJ: 4. Analyze the most significant outcomes of the War of 1812 on the United States.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: The Battle of New Orleans

MSC: Remembering

35. Which of the following statements regarding the Battle of New Orleans is accurate?

a. It was embarrassing because it happened after the Treaty of Ghent.

b. It won the war for the United States.

c. It was a psychological victory for the United States.

d. It was a psychological victory for Great Britain.

e. It was quickly forgotten because of its insignificance.

OBJ: 4. Analyze the most significant outcomes of the War of 1812 on the United States.

NAT: Historical Interpretations

TOP: The Battle of New Orleans

MSC: Analyzing

36. At the Hartford Convention, delegates from New England states implied that they might __________ if their demands were not met.

a. rebel

b. secede

c. not send any soldiers

d. not help finance the war

e. shut down their factories

OBJ: 4. Analyze the most significant outcomes of the War of 1812 on the United States.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: The Hartford Convention

MSC: Understanding

37. What was a consequence of the War of 1812?

a. American patriotism increased.

b. Madison’s popularity declined.

c. American nationalism declined.

d. Americans continued to feel threatened by the British.

e. The lives of Native Americans improved.

OBJ: 4. Analyze the most significant outcomes of the War of 1812 on the United States.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: The War’s Legacies

MSC: Understanding

38. Which of the following statements about the United States in the aftermath of the War of 1812 is accurate?

a. The United States suffered economically as a result of the war.

b. The United States saw no economic changes as a result of the war.

c. The war benefited United States economic independence.

d. Manufacturing decreased in the United States because of the war.

e. Britain ended all economic relations with the United States as a result of the War of 1812.

OBJ: 4. Analyze the most significant outcomes of the War of 1812 on the United States.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: The War’s Legacies

MSC: Analyzing

39. The British blockade of American ports during the War of 1812 led to the feverish construction of more than 100 __________ in New England.

a. forts

b. bunkers equipped with cannons

c. cotton textile mills

d. food distribution sites

e. kerosene refineries

OBJ: 4. Analyze the most significant outcomes of the War of 1812 on the United States.

NAT: Comparisons and Connections

TOP: The War’s Legacies

MSC: Understanding

40. Which of the following occurred because of the War of 1812?

a. Many Native Americans were relocated to newly created reservations.

b. Native Americans were seen as an important constituency in the United States.

c. The United States economy became firmly based on agrarian production.

d. Americans became less patriotic.

e. Federalists and Republicans found common ground and merged into a single party.

OBJ: 4. Analyze the most significant outcomes of the War of 1812 on the United States.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: The War’s Legacies

MSC: Analyzing

41. Between 1800 and 1820 the U.S. population west of __________ rose from 300,000 to 2 million.

a. the Mississippi River

b. the Rocky Mountains

c. Indiana and Ohio

d. the Appalachian Mountains

e. the Ohio River

OBJ: 4. Analyze the most significant outcomes of the War of 1812 on the United States.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: The War’s Legacies

MSC: Remembering

ESSAY

1. How did President Jefferson’s “republicanism” differ from the administrations of Washington and Adams?

Answers will vary.

2. Discuss the issues that led to the Louisiana Purchase. What impact did the purchase and the subsequent Lewis and Clark expedition have on developing the United States west of the Mississippi?

Answers will vary.

3. Why did the United States go to war with Britain in 1812? Which groups of people supported and opposed the war? Why?

Answers will vary.

4. The War of 1812 was fought on three fronts: the South, the North, and along Chesapeake Bay. Discuss the course of the war along those three fronts. What were the successes and failures of the American military along those three fronts?

Answers will vary.

5. Explain how the war between Great Britain and Napoleonic France from 1803–1815 affected society and politics in the United States during that same period.

Answers will vary.

MATCHING

Match each person or group with one of the following descriptions.

a. Became an American hero as a result of the Battle of New Orleans

b. Captured American ships and enslaved the crews

c. Negotiated the Louisiana Purchase

d. Died at the Battle of the Thames in 1813

e. Was a war hawk

f. Saw the British attack of Fort McHenry from Baltimore Harbor

g. Killed Alexander Hamilton in a duel

h. Was a chief justice from South Carolina

i. Became an American naval hero in the War of 1812

j. Assisted the Corps of Discovery as a guide, translator, and negotiator

1. Aaron Burr

2. Henry Clay

3. Tecumseh

4. Barbary Pirates

5. Francis Scott Key

6. Sacagawea

7. Robert R. Livingston

8. Andrew Jackson

9. John Marshall

10. Oliver H. Perry