Ch4 | Sexual Anatomy & Physiology – Test Bank 2e

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Student name:__________

TRUE/FALSE - Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
1) The more comfortable you are with your own body, the better able you are to make good health decisions.

⊚ true
⊚ false

2) The study of the physical structure of our bodies is physiology.

⊚ true
⊚ false

3) Anatomy is the study of the physical structure of our bodies.

⊚ true
⊚ false

4) Research has shown that when people are comfortable with their own bodies, they generally do better at communicating their needs and typically feel better about their own body image.

⊚ true
⊚ false

5) The vulva is the internal part of the vagina.

⊚ true
⊚ false

6) The clitoris serves as the organ of sexual pleasure, reproduction, and urination in the female body.

⊚ true
⊚ false

7) With sexual arousal, the vagina increases in length.

⊚ true
⊚ false

8) Mucous secretions help to keep the vagina clean by producing a balanced solution of acid-alkaline.

⊚ true
⊚ false

9) Women produce ova throughout their lifetime.

⊚ true
⊚ false

10) The hymen is typically present at birth.

⊚ true
⊚ false

11) Most female bodies should look generally similar; variations tend to indicate a problem or dysfunction.

⊚ true
⊚ false

12) Testosterone is typically produced in the male body and is absent in the female body.

⊚ true
⊚ false

13) Oxytocin influences our feelings of erotic attraction and love.

⊚ true
⊚ false

14) Fluctuations in hormones and interactions with neurotransmitters, or chemical messages in the brain, cause the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.

⊚ true
⊚ false

15) A feeling of depression often accompanies menopause.

⊚ true
⊚ false

16) The entire process of producing fully mature sperm takes about 72 days.

⊚ true
⊚ false

17) The penis is considered a muscle.

⊚ true
⊚ false

18) During the refractory period, regardless of any sexual stimulation, the penis does not become erect.

⊚ true
⊚ false

19) The length of the flaccid penis accurately predicts its erect length.

⊚ true
⊚ false

20) Circumcision protects all men and women from HIV.

⊚ true
⊚ false

21) The desire for sex slows down in most men when they undergo andropause.

⊚ true
⊚ false

MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
22) _____ is the study of the physical structure of our bodies and the intricate design of the systems that live within the structures.

A) Phrenology
B) Epigraphy
C) Graphology
D) Pedology
E) Anatomy

23) _____ is the study of how the internal systems and structures of the body function.

A) Phrenology
B) Physiology
C) Ecohydrology
D) Pedology
E) Entomology

24) The study of the physical structure of the body is _____; and the study of how bodily structures and systems function is _____.

A) phrenology; entomology
B) physiology; anatomy
C) ecohydrology; cardiography
D) anatomy; physiology
E) entomology; phrenology

25) Emir is taking a premed class where they need to study all of the structures of the body, including the nervous system, respiratory system, and reproductive system. He is taking a class on

A) phrenology.
B) physiology.
C) anatomy.
D) pedagogy.
E) entomology.

26) Portia is taking a graduate-level class on how different biological structures function. One of the things they study is how the various parts of the reproductive system work. She is taking a class on

A) phrenology.
B) physiology.
C) anatomy.
D) pedagogy.
E) entomology.

27) Seiko is sexually aroused, and blood rushes to the vascular tissue of her labia. This process is known as

A) dilation.
B) satiation.
C) tumescence.
D) saturation.
E) amplitude.

28) Nathalie is sexually aroused; she experiences an increase in blood flow to erectile tissues in the genitals and nipples. This process is called

A) dilation.
B) satiation.
C) vasocongestion.
D) saturation.
E) amplitude.

29) The "G" in G-spot stands for

A) Geffen.
B) General.
C) Good.
D) Grafenberg.
E) Gastrin.

30) Which of the following is true about the location of the G-spot?

A) It is located two inches into the vagina on the anterior side.
B) It is located two inches into the vagina on the posterior side.
C) It is located in the clitoral hood.
D) There is no clarity on its position, and most researchers today believe it does not exist.
E) It is located one inch into the vagina on the anterior side.

31) As Noelle becomes sexually aroused, the walls of her vagina increase in size to facilitate intercourse. This is called

A) dilation.
B) tenting.
C) vasocongestion.
D) saturation.
E) amplitude.

32) Bartholin's glands produce vaginal lubrication. They are located

A) in the clitoral hood.
B) bilaterally on each side of the vaginal opening.
C) unilaterally on the anterior of the vaginal opening.
D) on the surface of the cervix.
E) in the fallopian tubes.

33) Inside the vulva, the fatty tissue overlying the pubic bone is referred to as the

A) sebaceous gland.
B) labia majora.
C) labia minora.
D) clitoris crura.
E) mons pubis.

34) After the onset of puberty, the mons pubis

A) develops into a penis.
B) covers the labia minora.
C) becomes covered with pubic hair.
D) develops into labia majora.
E) contracts and eventually disappears.

35) Which of the following is true of the labia minora?

A) They cover the labia majora.
B) They contain sebaceous glands.
C) They are covered by pubic hair.
D) They are the tissues overlying the pubic bone.
E) They open into the mons pubis.

36) Which of the following is a substance that coats the surface of the labia minora to lubricate and protect the underlying tissues?

A) sebum
B) tumescence
C) seminal fluid
D) myometrium
E) fimbria

37) The primary difference between the labia majora and labia minora is that

A) the labia minora are hairless.
B) the labia majora have sebaceous glands.
C) during sexual arousal, blood rushes into the labia minora.
D) the labia majora secrete androgens.
E) the labia minora cover the labia majora.

38) Tumescence is defined as the phenomenon in which

A) the elusive G-spot is found.
B) androgen is secreted when the fetus has an XY chromosomal combination.
C) blood rushes into the vascular tissue of the labia during sexual arousal.
D) blood flow increases to the nipples and genitals.
E) glands produce oil.

39) The folds of the labia minora connect at the top of the vulva to the

A) labia majora.
B) clitoral hood.
C) mons veneris.
D) sebaceous gland.
E) mons pubis.

40) Which of the following is true of the clitoris?

A) It serves as the organ of sexual pleasure and urination in women.
B) It covers the labia minora inside the vulva.
C) It serves as the organ of sexual pleasure and reproduction in women.
D) It is primarily an external structure and has pubic hair.
E) It becomes stiff during sexual arousal and tumescence.

41) Which of the following is the sole function of the clitoris?

A) Its sole function is to produce pleasure.
B) Its sole function is procreation.
C) Its sole function is to aid in the process of excretion.
D) Its sole function is to produce androgens.
E) Its sole function is to produce oxytocin.

42) Women expel urine through the

A) clitoris.
B) vaginal opening.
C) urethral opening.
D) anus.
E) clitoral crura.

43) The vaginal opening is found between the

A) labia majora and labia minora.
B) urethra and the anus.
C) urethra and the mons pubis.
D) labia majora and the urethra.
E) clitoris and the labia minora.

44) Which of the following statements is true regarding the vagina?

A) When sexually aroused, the vagina decreases in length.
B) The vaginal opening is found between the urethra and the clitoris.
C) When sexually aroused, the width of the vagina increases.
D) In its unaroused state, the vagina is retracted under the clitoral hood.
E) The inner wall of the vagina has pubic hair.

45) The vaginal wall's increase in size during sexual arousal is referred to as

A) the tenting effect.
B) the tumescence phenomenon.
C) andropause.
D) amenorrhea.
E) dysmenorrhea.

46) Which of the following changes occur in the female body during sexual arousal?

A) The mucous secretions in the vagina gradually reduce.
B) The Bartholin's glands produce vaginal lubrication.
C) The clitoris is retracted under the clitoral hood.
D) The vaginal walls decrease in size.
E) The width of the vagina decreases.

47) In the body of a woman, when the vaginal opening increases, the mucous secretion by the mucous membrane in the inner wall of the vagina increases, the Bartholin's glands begin to produce vaginal lubrication, and the clitoris becomes stiff and erect, causing the clitoral hood to pull back, it is most likely that the woman

A) is undergoing menopause.
B) is sexually aroused.
C) has amenorrhea.
D) has osteoporosis.
E) is at the perimenopause stage.

48) Which of the following parts of the female anatomy is the potential space for sexual penetration, the birth canal, and the place where the menstrual blood leaves the body?

A) anus
B) clitoris
C) vagina
D) areola
E) mammary glands

49) Which of the following is true of the hymen?

A) It is a tissue that covers the clitoris.
B) It can tear only during intercourse.
C) It is 2 cm in size in all female bodies.
D) It is a good indicator of virginity.
E) It is typically present at birth.

50) Which of the following is typically true in the case of an imperforate hymen?

A) The hymen tissue is very thin and it breaks at puberty.
B) The hymen tissue completely closes the vaginal opening.
C) The hymen tissue is absent and the body is unable to produce estrogen.
D) The remnants of the broken hymen tissue obstruct vaginal delivery.
E) The remnants of the broken hymen tissue lead to the tenting effect.

51) A fertilized ovum is implanted in the

A) perimetrium.
B) myometrium.
C) endometrium.
D) clitoral crura.
E) mons pubis.

52) Which of the following is the primary function of the fimbriae?

A) They guide ova down to the uterus.
B) They partially cover the introitus.
C) They cause vasocongestion in the vagina.
D) They secrete vaginal lubrication during intercourse.
E) They partially cover the clitoris.

53) Which of the following describes the primary function of the mammary glands?

A) The mammary glands produce milk to nourish an infant.
B) The mammary glands guide the ovum down to the uterus.
C) The mammary glands secrete vaginal lubrication.
D) The mammary glands partially cover the introitus.
E) The mammary glands carry a woman's eggs.

54) Which of the following changes occurs during thelarche?

A) An egg is formed in the ovary.
B) The mammary glands produce milk.
C) The hymen tissue is formed.
D) A small lump is formed beneath the areola.
E) The vaginal wall decreases in size.

55) Emily's body starts to develop secretory glands at the end of the milk ducts in the breasts. Based on the given information, we can say that Emily is most likely to be in the _____ stage.

A) thelarche
B) tumescence
C) menarche
D) andropause
E) menopause

56) Which of the following is one of the primary groups of hormones that regulate sexual development and arousal?

A) gastrins
B) erepsins
C) secretins
D) pepsinogens
E) androgens

57) Which of the following glands in the human body produce(s) steroid hormones?

A) sebaceous
B) adrenal
C) prostate
D) pineal
E) thyroid

58) Which of the following is most likely to be the result when the testosterone level in the body increases?

A) It would result in more sexual pleasure.
B) It would impair sexual functions like erection.
C) It would obstruct ejaculations in women.
D) It would result in the reduction of vaginal lubrication production.
E) It would result in an increase of oxytocin production.

59) A primary function of neuropeptide hormones is to

A) decrease the secretion of sebum in the body.
B) decrease the secretion of pheromones during the fertile period.
C) control the sperm count in males.
D) maintain the elasticity of the vaginal walls.
E) influence the emotional aspects of sexuality.

60) Which of the following is a primary function of the hormone oxytocin?

A) It facilitates the flow of milk during breastfeeding.
B) It causes vaginal lubrication.
C) It controls the sperm count in males.
D) It maintains the thickness of the vaginal walls.
E) It decreases the secretion of sebum in the body.

61) Which of the following is typically true of pheromones?

A) They are neuropeptide hormones that control vaginal lubrication.
B) They are chemical signals that effect a behavioral response in another body.
C) They are neuropeptide hormones that influence the emotional aspects of sexuality.
D) They are steroid hormones that affect male sexual desire.
E) They are steroid hormones that affect female libido.

62) Kim, Amber, Lily, and Jules are close friends, and they share the same room. They have their periods at the same time. This phenomenon is referred to as

A) tumescence.
B) menstrual synchrony.
C) vasocongestion.
D) a refractory period.
E) the proliferative phase.

63) During the menstrual cycle, when conception occurs the

A) uterine lining is shed.
B) ovum implants in the uterus.
C) body expels eight ounces of menstrual blood.
D) endometrium is expelled through the cervix.
E) production of progesterone stops.

64) Which of the following is the stage of the menstrual cycle in which theendometrium of the uterus begins to thicken?

A) proliferative phase
B) secretory phase
C) menstrual phase
D) menopausal phase
E) andropausal phase

65) Which of the following is the stage of the menstrual cycle in which theendometrium further thickens and the corpus luteum develops?

A) proliferative phase
B) secretory phase
C) menstrual phase
D) menopausal phase
E) andropausal phase

66) Which of the following is a primary function of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in females?

A) It regulates the maturation of ova.
B) It promotes breast development.
C) It helps prevent pregnancy.
D) It stimulates milk production.
E) It stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth.

67) Which of the following hormones primarily helps in sustaining pregnancy?

A) testosterone
B) luteinizing hormone
C) follicle stimulating hormone
D) gonadotropin-releasing hormone
E) human chorionic gonadotropin

68) Which of the following hormones stimulates milk production in women after childbirth?

A) testosterone
B) luteinizing hormone
C) prolactin
D) erepsin
E) secretin

69) Dysmenorrhea is a complication that may arise during menstruation. Which of the following is its primary symptom?

A) severe uterine pain
B) increased production of vaginal lubrication
C) absence of menstrual periods
D) presence of a staph infection
E) absence of follicle stimulating hormone

70) What is the main reason behind the painful cramps of dysmenorrhea?

A) decrease in the secretion of prolactin
B) toxin produced by certain types of bacteria
C) uterine contractions and the oxygen deprivation of nearby tissues
D) absence of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone
E) development of the corpus luteum

71) Which of the following is a cause of secondary amenorrhea?

A) decrease in the secretion of prolactin
B) weight loss due to serious illness
C) contraction of the uterine tissues
D) increase in the secretion of oxytocin
E) development of the corpus luteum

72) Menopause is best defined as the

A) point at which a woman stops producing follicle stimulating hormone.
B) point at which a woman ceases to menstruate.
C) point at which a woman stops producing luteinizing hormone.
D) condition in which a young woman never begins menstruating.
E) condition in which a young woman loses excess blood during menstruation.

73) Menopause generally occurs when women are in their

A) mid-20s.
B) mid-30s.
C) mid-30s to early 40s.
D) mid-40s to early 50s.
E) late 50s.

74) During perimenopause, the

A) body stops producing follicle stimulating hormone.
B) body stops producing luteinizing hormone.
C) secretion of estrogen decreases.
D) secretion of progesterone increases.
E) secretion of testosterone increases.

75) Incorporating testosterone in HRT is likely to

A) increase facial hair growth in women.
B) decrease acne in women.
C) protect women from osteoporosis.
D) result in less sexual pleasure in women.
E) result in the development of male sexual organs in women.

76) Which of the following is true of the penis?

A) Its sole purpose is to urinate.
B) It usually transports both urine and semen at the same time.
C) It is made up of muscular tissue.
D) It contains many sexually sensitive nerve endings.
E) It ejaculates semen during the refractory period.

77) During an erection, which of the following tissues become(s) engorged with blood, making the penis erect?

A) vas deferens
B) corpus spongiosum
C) cremaster muscle
D) seminiferous tubules
E) tunica albuginea

78) Which of the following is/are the most sexually sensitive part of the penis?

A) corona
B) scrotum
C) testes
D) vas deferens
E) epididymis

79) Pedro is an uncircumcised male. He notices a smelly, cheesy substance beneath his foreskin. His doctor tells him to wash regularly and the _____ will go away.

A) corona
B) smegma
C) sebum
D) vas deferens
E) epididymis

80) The frenulum

A) connects the penile glans with the foreskin and the shaft of the penis.
B) secretes lubricants at the time of sexual arousal.
C) alerts the immune system to the presence of pathogens.
D) is a delicate layer of skin that holds the testicles or testes.
E) contains numerous sweat glands and hair follicles.

81) In the male body, where is the scrotum located?

A) between the penile glans and the foreskin
B) between the penis and the anus
C) between the vulva and the anus
D) between the epididymis and the vas deferens
E) between the vas deferens and the vulva

82) The _____ holds the testicles or testes.

A) penis
B) frenulum
C) penile glans
D) scrotal sac
E) epididymis

83) Which of the following is an important function of the testes?

A) They produce oxytocin.
B) They produce sperm.
C) They produce estrogen.
D) They produce ova.
E) They produce acrosomes.

84) Which of the following temperatures is most ideal for sperm production?

A) 80.4° F
B) 90.2° F
C) 97.6° F
D) 100° F
E) 104° F

85) Which of the following is an important function of the cremaster muscle in the scrotum?

A) It helps to maintain the ideal temperature for sperm production.
B) It nurtures the newly produced sperm in the seminiferous tubules.
C) It helps the secondary spermatocyte to divide into two spermatids.
D) It passes nerve impulses from the brain to the erection centers on the spinal cord.
E) It connects the penile glans with the foreskin and the shaft of the penis.

86) Where does spermatogenesis occur?

A) testicles
B) scrotal sac
C) seminiferous tubules
D) vas deferens
E) Cowper's glands

87) Carson and his wife are trying to get pregnant. Carson's doctor has told him that his cremaster muscle isn't working properly and that is why they are having problems getting pregnant. The cremaster muscle is important for reproduction, as it

A) helps to create the ideal temperature for sperm production.
B) nurtures the mature sperm in the seminiferous tubules.
C) helps the secondary spermatocyte to divide into two spermatids.
D) passes nerve impulses from the brain to the erection centers in the spinal cord.
E) connects the penile glans with the foreskin and the shaft of the penis.

88) Which of the following accurately describes the process called spermatogenesis?

A) The secondary spermatocyte divides into three parts.
B) The sperm fertilizes the ovum to form the zygote.
C) The spermatogonium matures into a primary spermatocyte.
D) The process takes place in the tubular structures called the seminiferous tubules.
E) The primary spermatocyte divides into four parts.

89) The entire process of producing fully mature sperm takes approximately

A) 1 hour.
B) 24 hours.
C) 48 hours.
D) 32 days.
E) 72 days.

90) Ronaldo enjoys it sexually when he is stroked in the area between the scrotum and anus, an area called the

A) vas deferens.
B) perineum.
C) prostate gland.
D) Bartholin's gland.
E) seminiferous tubule.

91) With penile erection, the muscles just below the surface of the _____ contract and help to stabilize the penis.

A) vas deferens
B) perineum
C) prostate gland
D) Bartholin's gland
E) seminiferous tubules

92) Which of the following is/are primarily responsible for the creation and storage of semen?

A) Cowper's glands
B) seminiferous tubules
C) prostate gland
D) bulbourethral glands
E) Bartholin's glands

93) Which of the following occurs during the emission phase of the process of ejaculation?

A) Semen is forced out of the body.
B) The penis becomes soft and loses its erection.
C) The penis enters the refractory period.
D) The cremaster muscle pulls the testes up close to the body and prepares to release sperm.
E) The sperm penetrates the outer layer of the ovum.

94) The state after ejaculation in which the penis becomes soft and loses its erection is referred to as

A) the emission phase.
B) the expulsion phase.
C) menarche.
D) thelarche.
E) detumescence.

95) Which of the following refers to the period after resolution when a man cannot get a new erection?

A) refractory period
B) menarche
C) emission phase
D) tumescence
E) thelarche

96) Which of the following occurs during andropause?

A) The depth of sensation in the genitals increases.
B) The production of testosterone slows down.
C) The foreskin of the penis tears.
D) The development of secondary sex characteristics begins.
E) The percentage of sperm in the semen increases.

FILL IN THE BLANK. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
97) The study of the physical structure of the body is known as _____.

98) The female external genital region is referred to as the _____.

99) The sole function of the _____ is to produce pleasure, and it is the most sexually sensitive organ in the female body.

100) At the end of each fallopian tube is a fringe of tissue called the _____ (singular) that sweeps over the ovaries during ovulation in order to pick up the ovulated ovum.

101) Androgens and estrogens are chemical substances called steroid _____.

102) The shedding of the uterine lining is referred to as _____.

103) The testicles have two primary functions: the production of the hormone _____ and the production of sperm.

104) During the earlier stages of sexual arousal in a man, there is a small secretion of clear fluid from the _____ glands that helps to clear out and lubricate the urethra in preparation for ejaculation.

105) The process of ejaculation occurs in two stages: the _____ phase and the expulsion phase.

106) A common genital modification in the United States and other countries and cultures that involves entirely or partially removing the foreskin, typically early in life and sometimes at birth, is referred to as male _____.

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
107) Describe the structure of the female internal sexual organs, including the vagina, cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes. Feel free to diagram if you are able to do so.

108) Why are the ovaries referred to as both gonads and endocrine glands?

109) Elaborate on the three phases of the menstrual cycle.

110) What causes the painful cramps of dysmenorrhea?

111) Describe the process of spermatogenesis.

112) Explain how semen is created and stored in the male body.

113) What is ejaculatory inevitability?

114) Describe penile enhancement techniques. When should they be considered, and what are the risks?

115) What is meant by bodily integrity rights? How is this concept related to sexual well-being?

116) Describe female genital mutilation and the controversy surrounding it, and discuss how it relates to the issue of genital integrity rights.