Ch32 Test Bank Docx Digestion And Nutrition

1.

A nutrient is a substance that an organism uses for

2.

In sequence of their occurrence, the four major steps that vertebrate organisms use to obtain and use food are 
 

3.

Animals that eat only plants are 
 

4.

Animals that hunt and only eat other animals are 
 

5.

If you observed a group of animals for several weeks and only saw them eat dead and decaying matter, you would classify them as

6.

Animals that eat both plant and animal material are classified as

7.

The only animals that rely on intracellular digestion are 
 

8.

Filter feeders are autotrophs.

 
 
True    False

9.

In herbivores, cellulose is primarily broken down by 
 

10.

Cows are ruminants that rely on fermenting bacteria to break down plant matter.

 
 
True    False

11.

The stomach organ produces amylase to aid in starch digestion.

 
 
True    False

12.

When a single-celled ciliate protist engulfs a food particle through its mouth-like oral groove, it is performing extracellular digestion.

 
 
True    False

13.

In animals, the pouch that forms at the entrance to the large intestine is the

14.

The cecum is the largest in 
 

15.

Which organ or structure aids in digestion but is not part of the human alimentary canal?

16.

Which of the following produces bile? 
 

17.

The function of bile is to 
 

18.

The main site of food absorption in the human digestive system is the 
 

19.

The main site of water and mineral absorption in the human digestive system is the 
 

20.

In the human digestive system, ________ is the rhythmic smooth muscle contractions that aid in moving food along the system.

21.

Rings of muscle in the digestive tract that can open and close, regulating the movement of food into or out of parts of the digestive system, are 
 

22.

The enzyme that breaks down starch is 
 

23.

If you wanted to treat a patient who could not digest fats due to a metabolic mutation, you might want to find a way to supplement their digestive tract with 

24.

An enzyme that breaks down protein is 
 

25.

As a result of an accident, a patient has their jaw wired shut and is put on a liquid diet. Why has the person been placed on a liquid diet?

26.

Teeth are mineralized structures for holding and breaking up food.

 
 
True    False

27.

When cleaning up from lab, you are asked to place two intestinal tracts in the appropriate bins. You would put the shorter one in a bin marked "herbivore" and the longer one in a bin marked "carnivore."

 
 
True    False

28.

You are given a newly discovered organism and are asked to help classify it. You note only one opening to the digestive tract, and microscopic examination shows it to be multicellular and lacks chloroplasts. You therefore call it

29.

An autotroph obtains the energy it needs to maintain homeostasis from the sun.

 
 
True    False

30.

A heterotroph obtains the energy it needs to maintain homeostasis from the sun.

 
 
True    False

31.

Endotherms need more energy than ectotherms since they must do more metabolic work to maintain body temperature.

 
 
True    False

32.

If you observe an animal ingesting large amounts of food at short intervals and material entering and leaving from the same place, also frequently, you could say it is probably an

33.

Jellyfish have incomplete digestive tracts.

 
 
True    False

34.

Autotrophs make their own food using energy captured from the sun.

 
 
True    False

35.

You are dissecting an animal and notice a large store of fat. Based on this you can say that this animal contains abundant

36.

The building blocks which animals need for life include

37.

An ectotherm with a complete digestive tract might eat infrequently, eliminating from a different place from the one where it ingested.

 
 
True    False

38.

Larger animals generally need more energy and building blocks than do smaller animals.

 
 
True    False

39.

If a doctor designs an operation intended to help victims of stomach cancer, who have lost most of their stomachs, by fusing the remaining stomach tissue with the esophagus, the main problem is likely to be damage to the esophageal tissue from stomach acid.

 
 
True    False

40.

The structure that covers the opening to the trachea during swallowing, thereby preventing food from entering the air passageway, is the

41.

The muscular tube leading from the pharynx to the stomach is the 
 

42.

The semifluid mass of food and gastric juice in the human stomach is termed 
 

43.

The three main regions of the human small intestine proceeding in sequence from the stomach to the large intestine are 
 

44.

The human large intestine is about _____ in length. 
 

45.

Which of the following is caused by a vitamin B₁ (thiamine) deficiency?

46.

Which of the following is caused by a vitamin C deficiency? 
 

47.

If you saw a child with bent, bowed legs, what disease would you suspect the child had?

48.

If you didn't consume enough niacin (vitamin B₃), you would have diarrhea since you would have what disease?

49.

The energy needed to raise 1 kilogram of water from 14.5^oC 15.5^oC under controlled conditions is

50.

Morbid obesity is defined as having a BMI (body mass index) of at least 
 

51.

Observing a patient in the hospital, you notice that the patient requests extra food at most meals, but has a low BMI and housekeeping frequently finds vomit on towels in the patient's room. You would diagnose 

52.

BMI stands for body mass index.

 
 
True    False

53.

If you were designing a study of human digestion, and you decided to add a chemical which would become visible in the target area for antacids, where would the chemical become visible?

54.

If an individual has his/her gallbladder removed, he/she is typically put on a low-fat diet. Which of the following would explain this recommendation?

55.

Most multivitamins should be taken with a meal for which reason? 
 

56.

The solid waste that leaves the digestive tract of a vertebrate is called chyme. 
 
True    False

57.

The process by which a cell engulfs particulate matter is phagocytosis. 
 
True    False

58.

In herbivores, the cecum is small because the food they ingest is easily digested. 
 
True    False

59.

If an experiment were done to see what would happen if the large intestine of a cow were removed, what would occur?

60.

Symbiotic bacteria in the large intestine help prevent infection by pathogenic bacteria.

 
 
True    False

61.

The pyloric sphincter lies between the small intestine and large intestine, thereby controlling the movement of food into the large intestine. 
 
True    False

62.

The lining of both the stomach and small intestine is protected from digestive enzymes by a mucus secretion. 
 
True    False

63.

Acid reflux, or "heartburn," is caused when the gastric juice moves back into the esophagus through the pyloric sphincter. 
 
True    False

64.

The trace mineral iron is necessary in humans for the transport of oxygen by hemoglobin molecules. 
 
True    False

65.

If the side effect of a drug was to disrupt homeostasis of vitamin C, leading to its premature breakdown and insufficient concentration, scurvy could result.

 
 
True    False