Ch.19 Kingdom Fungi Test Bank Docx

Stern's Introductory Plant Biology, 14e (Bidlack)

Chapter 19 Kingdom Fungi

1) True fungi differ from slime molds in

A) producing spores.

B) having chitin in their cell walls.

C) having forms without cell walls between their nuclei.

D) having forms with motile reproductive cells.

E) having sexual reproduction.

2) Which of the following groups of fungi and fungi-like organisms do NOT have chitin in the cell walls?

A) bread molds

B) cup fungi

C) club fungi

D) water molds

E) imperfect fungi

3) Fungi were removed from the plant kingdom for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

A) Fungi are heterotrophs; plants are autotrophs.

B) Fungi have chitin in their cell walls; plants have cellulose.

C) Fungal cells are prokaryotic; plant cells are eukaryotic.

D) Plants and fungi have very different reproductive strategies.

E) DNA data suggests that fungi are more closely related to animals than they are to plants.

4) In a fungal body, thread-like structures called ________ are interwoven to form a tangled mass called a ________.

A) microtubules / thallus

B) hyphae / mycelium

C) hyphae / plasmodium

D) microtubules  / mycelium

E) filaments / colony

5) Heterotrophs that have chitin in their cell walls belong to the group commonly called

A) fungi.

B) protists.

C) monerans.

D) plants.

E) algae.

6) ________ are being investigated for their potential to help clean up oil spills along beaches and in marine waters.

A) Diatoms

B) Water molds

C) Lichens

D) Fungi

E) Bread mold

7) Common names for different fungi include which of the following?

A) rusts

B) mildews

C) smuts

D) stinkhorns

E) All of the above refer to groups of fungi.

8) Common names such as smut, rust, and mildew reflect the role of many fungi as ________.

A) pathogens

B) parasites

C) food spoilage

D) destructive agents

E) All of these answers are correct.

9) Biologists who study fungi are ________.

A) phycologists

B) physiologists

C) mycologists

D) ecologists

E) microbiologists

10) Human consumers of fungi are known as

A) mycophagists.

B) microbiologists.

C) misanthropists.

D) mycologists.

E) fungophiles.

11) One group of fungi implicated in the worldwide decline of amphibians, particularly frogs, is the ________.

A) chytrids

B) bread molds

C) yeasts

D) morels

E) water molds

12) Fungi were first classified as plants, then moved to Kingdom ________ before being placed in the Kingdom Fungi.

A) Animalia

B) Archaea

C) Bacteria (Monera)

D) Plantae

E) Protista

13) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of organisms in Kingdom Fungi?

A) the fungal body is formed of tubular threads called hyphae

B) produce chlorophyll and function as autotrophs

C) excrete digestive enzymes and absorb simple organic nutrients

D) generally lack motile (flagellated) cells

E) cell walls of chitin

14) Which of the following features sets the bread molds and water molds apart from other groups of fungi?

A) asexual spores

B) coenocytic hyphae

C) sexual reproduction

D) conidia

E) no members of any particular economic importance

15) Sufu and tempeh are made by inoculating soybeans with a

A) cup (sac) fungus.

B) club fungus.

C) imperfect fungus.

D) coenocytic fungus.

E) bread mold.

16) The characteristic reproductive structure produced by fungi in the phylum ________, the coenocytic true fungi, is the ________.

A) Ascomycota; zygosporangium

B) Zygomycota; zygosporangium

C) Basidiomycota; ascospore

D) Deuteromycota; basidiospore

E) Chytridiomycota; ascoma

17) The dung-inhabiting Pilobolus fungus is ________, and can catapult sporangia up to 8 meters (26 feet) away from the from the dung pile where they are growing.

A) moisture sensitive

B) temperature sensitive

C) sensitive to grazing animals

D) light sensitive

E) dangerous

18) Which of the following pairs of diseases is associated with cup (sac) fungi?

A) peach leaf curl, chestnut blight

B) white pine blister rust, black stem rust of wheat

C) downy mildew, molds of fish

D) aspergilloses, white piedra

E) late blight of potato, black bread mold

19) Which of the following useful products is NOT associated with cup (sac) fungi?

A) ethyl alcohol

B) yeasts

C) vitamins

D) common edible mushrooms

E) truffles

20) Monokaryotic and dikaryotic mycelia would be found in

A) morels.

B) athlete's foot fungus.

C) yeasts.

D) black bread molds.

E) puffballs.

21) Yeasts are a source of which of the following?

A) ingredients for explosives

B) medicinal drugs

C) high protein cattle feed

D) B vitamins

E) All of these answers are correct.

22) Prized by gourmets around the world, ________ are two edible fruiting bodies of sac fungi.

A) yeast and ergot

B) corn smut and amanita

C) pilobolus and puffballs

D) bracket fungus and earth stars

E) truffles and morels

23) Two parasitic fungal diseases classified in the Ascomycota that have completely changed the urban landscape and deciduous forests in eastern North America are ________.

A) ergot and bracket fungi

B) downy mildew and corn blight

C) Dutch elm disease and Chestnut blight

D) wheat rust and fire blight

E) None of these answers are correct.

24) The form of the reproductive structure of the Basidiomycota give this phylum the common name of the ________

A) club fungi

B) water molds

C) bread molds

D) sac fungi

E) imperfect fungi

25) Mushrooms and toadstools are reproductive structures characteristic of Phylum ________.

A) Zygomycota

B) Basidiomycota

C) Deuteromycota

D) Chytridiomycota

E) Ascomycota

26) Which of the following pairs of fungi belongs to the imperfect fungi (Phylum Deuteromycota)?

A) ringworm fungi, athlete's foot fungi

B) stinkhorns, puffballs

C) molds of fish, Pilobolus

D) morels, truffles

E) rusts, smuts

27) Upright hyphae that produce sporangia at their tips are known as

A) asci.

B) basidia.

C) zygospores.

D) columellae.

E) sporangiophores.

28) Which of the following is a fungal protuberance that penetrates another organism's cells and aids in digestion of the penetrated cells?

A) vegetative hypha

B) progametangium

C) enzymatic hypha

D) haustorium

E) None of these answers are correct.

29) Truffles are the reproductive bodies of

A) cup (sac) fungi.

B) club fungi.

C) imperfect fungi.

D) coenocytic fungi.

E) water molds.

30) Hyphae at the tips of which spores are produced externally (as opposed to within a sporangium) are called

A) sporangiophores.

B) conidiophores.

C) gametophores.

D) progametangia.

E) pseudophores.

31) Stinkhorns belong to the

A) imperfect fungi.

B) cup (sac) fungi.

C) club fungi.

D) coenocytic fungi.

E) water molds.

32) The little bypass loops on the sides of dikaryotic hyphae are

A) sexually reproductive hyphae.

B) evidence the fungus is being parasitized.

C) developing sporangia.

D) clamp connections.

E) asexually reproductive hyphae.

33) A ringlike membrane on the stalk of a mushroom is called a/an

A) annulus.

B) veil.

C) peripheral mycelium.

D) volva.

E) gill.

34) The tiny pegs on which basidiospores are produced are

A) gills.

B) sterigmata.

C) asci.

D) suspensors.

E) rhizoids.

35) Except for a ring of appendages, earth stars resemble

A) common mushrooms.

B) slime molds.

C) bird's-nest fungi.

D) puffballs.

E) shelf or bracket fungi.

36) The only known antidote for poisoning from death angel and similar mushrooms is

A) penicillin.

B) egg white.

C) extracts of milk thistle (silibinin and silymarin)

D) lentinacin.

E) interferon.

37) Mushrooms that are reported to have more than twice the nutritional value of common edible mushrooms are

A) morels.

B) Black Forest (Shiitake) mushrooms.

C) truffles.

D) false morels.

E) puffballs.

38) A fungus closely related to Penicillium and used to make soy sauce (shoyu) is

A) Aspergillus.

B) Rhizopus.

C) Pilobolus.

D) Agaricus campestris.

E) Physcia.

39) In mushrooms, meiosis takes place in this structure.

A) ascus

B) basidium

C) sporangium

D) hyphae

E) underground mycelium

40) In fungi, mitosis takes place in________

A) the ascus.

B) the basidium.

C) the sporangium

D) the hyphae

E) all of these structures.

41) Penicillium mold growing on an agar plate inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus bacteria and led to the concept of

A) symbiosis.

B) conjugation.

C) antibiotics for bacterial control.

D) germ theory of disease.

E) sexual reproduction in fungi.

42) Rusts, smuts, and mushrooms all belong to this group.

A) Deuteromycetes

B) Basidiomycetes

C) Ascomycetes

D) Zygomycetes

E) None of these answers are correct.

43) Which of the following was the first antibiotic isolated from a fungus?

A) streptomycin

B) cyclosporine

C) tetracycline

D) actinomycin

E) penicillin

44) Rhizines are often present in which of the following lichen thallus layers?

A) upper cortex

B) medulla

C) algal layer

D) lower cortex

E) All of these answers are correct.

45) Lichens

A) are a form of moss.

B) usually grow very rapidly.

C) are chiefly confined to wet or permanently damp areas.

D) do not reproduce asexually.

E) occur in a variety of colors and forms.

46) One reason lichens may live for hundreds of years is that

A) they reproduce by spores.

B) they are completely independent of photosynthesis for their nutrition.

C) they have in their thalli gelatinous substances that aid in resisting drying.

D) they are able to parasitize trees and other plants.

E) they occur in a wide variety of forms.

47) Stinkhorns and puffballs are examples of cup (sac) fungi.

48) In black bread molds, the spores are produced at the tips of upright hyphae.

49) The horse dung fungus, Pilobolus, and black bread molds have coenocytic hyphae.

50) Penicillin is produced by a bread mold.

51) Nearly all fungi have boxlike cells in their hyphae.

52) All fungi reproduce sexually.

53) LSD can be synthesized from a precursor found in ergot of rye.

54) Bird's-nest fungi resemble tiny birds' nests.

55) Fruticose lichens mostly resemble small fruits.

56) Bread molds absorb most of their food in solution.

57) An attempt to control rusts that need two hosts to complete their life cycle involves eradication of the non-economical alternate host.

58) Many chytrids reproduce only asexually.

59) Yeasts reproduce primarily by means of spores produced within basidia.

60) Rusts produce their spores along platelike gills.

61) Lichens are classified into groups based on their evolutionary relationships.

62) Morels and truffles are poisonous mushrooms.

63) Yeasts are multicellular fungi that are important in the brewing and baking industries.

64) A large group of plant parasites belong to the Sac Fungi.

65) The Imperfect Fungi are so-called because they have no known sexual stage of the life cycle.

66) Lichens feature a symbiosis between a fungus and a red algal species.

67) Each species of lichen has its own species of fungus.