Ch16 Endocrine System – Complete Test Bank | 16e

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Human Biology, 16e (Mader)

Chapter 16 Endocrine System

1) How are the nervous system and the endocrine system alike?

A) They both utilize axons and synapses.

B) They both regulate the activities of other systems.

C) They both are largely composed of glands.

D) They both respond very rapidly to stimuli.

E) They both have an very prolonged response to stimuli.

Section: 16.01

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 16.01.01 Distinguish between the mode of action of a neurotransmitter and that of a hormone.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

2) The effects initiated by the endocrine system are longer lasting than those of the nervous system.

Section: 16.01

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.01.01 Distinguish between the mode of action of a neurotransmitter and that of a hormone.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

3) Which of the following statements about hormones is true?

A) Hormones are carried by the bloodstream.

B) It takes time to deliver hormones to the cells.

C) The effects of hormones are long lasting.

D) Hormones are targeted to specific organs within the body.

E) All of the answer choices are true of hormones. 

Section: 16.01

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 16.01.01 Distinguish between the mode of action of a neurotransmitter and that of a hormone.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

4) Both endocrine and exocrine glands have ducts.

Section: 16.01

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.01.02 Distinguish between endocrine and exocrine glands.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

5) Which of the following is an exocrine gland?

A) parathyroid

B) salivary glands

C) thymus

D) testes

E) adrenal gland

Section: 16.01

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 16.01.02 Distinguish between endocrine and exocrine glands.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

6) Which of the following is a feature of endocrine glands?

A) They secrete a hormone directly into the bloodstream.

B) They secrete a hormone into a gland or duct.

C) The product of these glands is carried into the lumen of an organ.

D) They are characterized by the salivary glands.

E) They do not respond to a negative feedback system.

Section: 16.01

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.01.02 Distinguish between endocrine and exocrine glands.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

7) Which of the following organs also produce hormones as a secondary function of the organ?

A) heart

B) testes

C) ovaries

D) adrenal cortex

E) thyroid

Section: 16.01

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.01.03 Identify the organs and glands of the endocrine system.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

8) List the hormones that are produced by the following endocrine glands, and indicate the target tissue/organ the hormones act upon: hypothalamus, thyroid, thymus, and pineal gland.

Thyroid: produces thyroxine and triiodothyronine, both of which act upon all of the tissues in the body; produces calcitonin, which acts upon the bones, kidneys, and intestine.

Thymus: produces thymosins, which act upon the T lymphocytes.

Pineal gland: produces melatonin, which acts upon the brain.

Section: 16.01

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 6. Create

Learning Outcome: 16.01.03 Identify the organs and glands of the endocrine system.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

9) Why is the pancreas both an endocrine and an exocrine gland?

A) because it produces both a neurotransmitter and a hormone

B) because it produces more than one hormone

C) because it produces at least one hormone that is delivered through a duct and one that is delivered to the bloodstream

D) because it has an outer cortex and an inner medulla

E) because it is located within the abdominal cavity with ties to the gastrointestinal system

Section: 16.05

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 16.05.01 Explain how the pancreas functions as both an endocrine and an exocrine gland.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

10) Which of the following is an endocrine gland?

A) pituitary

B) adrenal

C) pineal

D) thymus

E) All of the answer choices are endocrine glands.

Section: 16.01

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 16.01.03 Identify the organs and glands of the endocrine system.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

11) Although other animals produce pheromones, humans have not been shown to make them.

Section: 16.01

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 16.01.04 Compare the actions of peptide and steroid hormones.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

12) Steroid hormones are derived from what molecule?

A) cholesterol

B) peptides

C) protein

D) glycoproteins

E) modified amino acids

Section: 16.01

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.01.04 Compare the actions of peptide and steroid hormones.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

13) Which organ produces steroid hormones?

A) adrenal cortex

B) ovaries

C) testes

D) All of the answer choices produce steroid hormones. 

Section: 16.01

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.01.04 Compare the actions of peptide and steroid hormones.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

14) Peptide hormones

A) are able to pass through the membrane and bind to a receptor in the cytoplasm.

B) bind to a receptor in the plasma membrane.

C) act much more slowly than steroid hormones.

D) initiate gene expression.

E) are composed of a complex of four carbon rings.

Section: 16.01

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 16.01.04 Compare the actions of peptide and steroid hormones.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

15) Damage to or a tumor on which organ would lead to a disruption of the nervous and endocrine system?

A) hypothalamus

B) pituitary

C) lymph nodes

D) frontal lobe of the brain

E) pineal gland

Section: 16.02

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 16.02.01 Explain the role of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

16) The hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary communicate via a portal system.

Section: 16.02

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.02.01 Explain the role of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

17) Which of the following hormones is mispaired with its target organ?

A) TSH—thyroid

B) FSH—gonads

C) ACTH—adrenal cortex

D) LH—kidney

E) Gonadotropic hormones—testes and ovaries

Section: 16.02

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 16.02.02 List the hormones produced by the anterior and posterior pituitary glands and provide a function for each.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

18) How are the posterior pituitary and anterior pituitary similar?

A) Both are controlled by the hypothalamus.

B) Both produce three or more hormones.

C) Both are connected to the hypothalamus via a portal system.

D) Both produce releasing and inhibiting hormones.

E) Both produce hormones that control other glands.

Section: 16.02

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.02.02 List the hormones produced by the anterior and posterior pituitary glands and provide a function for each.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

19) Which of the following hormones is controlled by positive feedback?

A) prolactin

B) oxytocin

C) growth hormone

D) antidiuretic hormone

E) gonadotropic hormone

Section: 16.02

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.02.02 List the hormones produced by the anterior and posterior pituitary glands and provide a function for each.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

20) Which of the following statements is true about growth hormone?

A) The quantity of growth hormone is greatest during childhood and adolescence.

B) Too little growth hormone results in dwarfism.

C) Too much growth hormone results in gigantism.

D) Growth hormone can be administered as a medical treatment for stature problems.

E) All of the answer choices are true about growth hormone. 

Section: 16.02

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 16.02.02 List the hormones produced by the anterior and posterior pituitary glands and provide a function for each.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

21) Giants usually have poor health because they often have diabetes mellitus.

Section: 16.02

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 16.02.03 Summarize the conditions produced by excessive and inadequate levels of the major hormones.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

22) Which disorder is characterized by the overproduction of growth hormone in an adult?

A) acromegaly

B) diabetes mellitus

C) pituitary dwarfism

D) simple goiter

E) None of the answer choices is correct.

Section: 16.02

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 16.02.03 Summarize the conditions produced by excessive and inadequate levels of the major hormones.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

23) How many iodine atoms are in thyroxine?

A) one

B) two

C) three

D) four

E) five

Section: 16.03

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 16.03.01 List the hormones produced by the thyroid and parathyroid glands and provide a function for each.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

24) The thyroid gland is located

A) in the neck.

B) in the brain.

C) on top of the kidneys.

D) near the ovaries or testes.

E) near the small intestines.

Section: 16.01

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 16.01.03 Identify the organs and glands of the endocrine system.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

25) The hormone produced by the parathryoid gland produces a rise in the blood level of what product?

A) sodium

B) phosphate

C) calcium

D) glucose

E) cholesterol

Section: 16.03

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.03.01 List the hormones produced by the thyroid and parathyroid glands and provide a function for each.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

26) Which disorder is associated with a low level of parathyroid hormone?

A) tetany

B) osteoporosis

C) myxedema

D) exophthalmic goiter

E) simple goiter

Section: 16.03

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.03.03 Summarize the diseases and conditions associated with the thyroid and parathyroid glands.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

27) Which of the following is not involved in blood calcium homeostasis?

A) bones

B) thyroid gland

C) parathyroid glands

D) kidneys

E) posterior pituitary

Section: 16.03

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 16.03.02 Describe the negative feedback mechanism involved in the maintenance of blood calcium homeostasis.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

28) Parathyroid hormone also activates ________ in the kidneys.

A) vitamin D

B) vitamin C

C) vitamin B

D) cholesterol

E) calcium

Section: 16.03

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.03.02 Describe the negative feedback mechanism involved in the maintenance of blood calcium homeostasis.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

29) A person with congenital hypothroidism will exhibit what symptoms?

A) myxedema

B) exophthalmic goiter

C) simple goiter

D) short and stocky, possible mental retardation

E) tetany

Section: 16.03

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 16.03.03 Summarize the diseases and conditions associated with the thyroid and parathyroid glands.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

30) What are the symptoms of myxedema?

A) an eye that protrudes from the eye socket

B) a mass in the throat

C) lethargy, weight gain, puffiness

D) tremors in the hands, shaking, balance difficulties

E) difficulty with speech, blurred vision

Section: 16.03

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 16.03.03 Summarize the diseases and conditions associated with the thyroid and parathyroid glands.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

31) Which of the following is produced by the adrenal glands?

A) epinephrine

B) norepinephrine

C) glucocorticoids

D) mineralocorticoids

E) All of the answer choices are produced by the adrenal glands. 

Section: 16.04

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 16.04.01 List the hormones produced by the adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex and provide a function for each.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

32) Where are the adrenal glands located?

A) in the brain

B) in the neck

C) on top of the kidneys

D) near the ovaries/testes

E) near the small intestine

Section: 16.04

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 16.04.01 List the hormones produced by the adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex and provide a function for each.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

33) Both the adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex are under control of hormones produced by the anterior pituitary hormone and hypothalamus.

Section: 16.04

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.04.01 List the hormones produced by the adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex and provide a function for each.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

34) The adrenal medulla controls the short-term response to stress by

A) raising blood glucose levels.

B) breaking down protein and fat.

C) reducing inflammation.

D) suppressing immune cells.

E) increasing blood volume.

Section: 16.04

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.04.02 Explain how the adrenal cortex is involved in the stress response.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

35) The adrenal cortex provides a slower but long-term stress response in comparison to the adrenal medulla.

Section: 16.04

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.04.01 List the hormones produced by the adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex and provide a function for each.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

36) Explain how the adrenal cortex responds to long-term stress.

Section: 16.04

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 6. Create

Learning Outcome: 16.04.02 Explain how the adrenal cortex is involved in the stress response.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

37) Which of the following is a result of mineralocorticoid release?

A) Glucose is not broken down.

B) The immune cells are suppressed.

C) Inflammation is reduced.

D) Proteins and fat are broken down.

E) Blood volume and pressure increase.

Section: 16.04

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.04.03 Distinguish between mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid hormones.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

38) The secretion of which hormones qualifies the pancreas as an endocrine gland?

A) insulin and glucagon

B) insulin and digestive juices

C) digestive juices and glucagon

D) mineralocorticoids and insulin

E) estradiol and digestive juices

Section: 16.05

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 16.05.01 Explain how the pancreas functions as both an endocrine and an exocrine gland.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

39) Which of the following is a glucocorticoid?

A) norepinephrine

B) epinephrine

C) aldosterone

D) cortisol

E) renin

Section: 16.04

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 16.04.03 Distinguish between mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid hormones.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

40) Which pancreatic hormone stimulates the uptake of glucose by cells?

A) insulin

B) glucagon

C) estradiol

D) epinephrine

E) cortisol

Section: 16.05

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.05.02 Describe how the pancreatic hormones help maintain blood glucose homeostasis.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

41) Describe the characteristics of individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Section: 16.05

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 6. Create

Learning Outcome: 16.05.03 Distinguish between type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

42) Which pancreatic hormone stimulates the uptake of glucose by cells?

A) insulin

B) glucagon

C) estradiol

D) epinephrine

E) cortisol

Section: 16.05

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.05.02 Describe how the pancreatic hormones help maintain blood glucose homeostasis.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

43) Right after eating a candy bar, insulin secretion would occur.

Section: 16.05

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 16.05.02 Describe how the pancreatic hormones help maintain blood glucose homeostasis.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

44) It is possible to distinguish exocrine from endocrine tissue in the pancreas under the light microscope.

Section: 16.05

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 16.05.01 Explain how the pancreas functions as both an endocrine and an exocrine gland.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

45) When insulin is secreted, what happens?

A) Tissue stores of glucose are depleted.

B) Adipose tissue breaks down fat.

C) The liver breaks down glycogen.

D) The blood glucose level rises.

E) Glucose is taken up by the cells.

Section: 16.05

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.05.02 Describe how the pancreatic hormones help maintain blood glucose homeostasis.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

46) Which of the following is involved in blood glucose homeostasis?

A) liver

B) muscle

C) adipose tissue

D) glucagon

E) All of the answer choices are involved in blood glucose homeostasis.

Section: 16.05

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.05.03 Distinguish between type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

47) Glycogen can be broken down to increase blood glucose levels, but fat cannot be.

Section: 16.05

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 16.05.03 Distinguish between type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

48) How are type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus similar?

A) The number of glucose carriers is too low in both.

B) The blood glucose levels are very high in both.

C) The body does not produce insulin in both.

D) The body does not produce glucagon in both.

E) Both are a result of obesity.

Section: 16.05

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 16.05.03 Distinguish between type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

49) Most of the diabetics in the United States have type 1 diabetes.

Section: 16.05

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 16.05.03 Distinguish between type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

50) Is it possible that a type 1 diabetic could be hypoglycemic?

Section: 16.05

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 16.05.03 Distinguish between type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

51) Which gland produces melatonin?

A) testes

B) thymus gland

C) pineal gland

D) ovaries

E) adrenal glands

Section: 16.06

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 16.06.01 List the hormones produced by the sex organs, thymus, and pineal gland and provide a function for each.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

52) Where is the thymus gland located?

A) in the neck

B) in the brain

C) in the chest

D) near the ovaries/testes

E) on top of the kidneys

Section: 16.01

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 16.01.03 Identify the organs and glands of the endocrine system.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

53) Which of the following hormones is mismatched with its producing gland?

A) ovaries—follicle-stimulating hormone

B) ovaries—estrogen

C) thymus gland—thymosins

D) pineal gland—melatonin

E) testes—androgens

Section: 16.06

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 16.06.01 List the hormones produced by the sex organs, thymus, and pineal gland and provide a function for each.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

54) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone is involved in the regulation of both the testes and the ovaries.

Section: 16.06

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.06.01 List the hormones produced by the sex organs, thymus, and pineal gland and provide a function for each.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

55) What is the function of melatonin?

A) regulate blood glucose levels

B) regulate blood calcium levels

C) aid in the differentiation of T lymphocytes

D) control the daily sleep-wake cycle

E) control the color of the skin

Section: 16.06

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 16.06.01 List the hormones produced by the sex organs, thymus, and pineal gland and provide a function for each.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

56) Which of the following secretes erythropoietin?

A) kidney

B) heart

C) small intestine

D) thymus

E) thalamus

Section: 16.06

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 16.06.02 List the hormones produced by glands and organs outside of the endocrine system.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

57) Which hormone triggers satiety?

A) epinephrine

B) follicle-stimulating hormone

C) prostaglandins

D) erythropoietin

E) leptin

Section: 16.06

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 16.06.02 List the hormones produced by glands and organs outside of the endocrine system.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

58) The cramping associated with premenstrual syndrome is often due to norepinephrine.

Section: 16.06

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.06.02 List the hormones produced by glands and organs outside of the endocrine system.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

59) Jamie suffers from heartburn. Sometimes this can be treated with

A) mineralocorticoids.

B) prostaglandins.

C) aldosterone.

D) thymosin.

E) luteinizing hormone.

Section: 16.06

Topic: Hormones

Bloom's: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 16.06.02 List the hormones produced by glands and organs outside of the endocrine system.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

60) In comparing the functions of the nervous and endocrine system in controlling the body, the nervous system is better able to rapidly respond to changes in the external environment.

Section: 16.07

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 16.07.01 Summarize how the endocrine and nervous systems respond to external changes in the body.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

61) How would the endocrine and nervous systems respond to an individual touching a hot stove?

A) sending signals that pull the individual's hand away

B) sending signals that cause the release of epinephrine

C) sending signals that cause the release of norepinephrine

D) sending signals that cause the individual to move his/her whole body away

E) The endocrine and nervous systems would cause an individual to do all of these things.

Section: 16.07

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 4. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 16.07.01 Summarize how the endocrine and nervous systems respond to external changes in the body.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

62) Which system does the hypothalamus belong to?

A) the nervous system

B) the endocrine system

C) both the nervous and the endocrine systems

D) the reproductive system

E) the cardiovascular system

Section: 16.07

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.07.02 Summarize how the endocrine and nervous systems respond to internal changes in the body.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

63) If an individual is exposed to external stress, the nervous system is capable of responding faster than the endocrine system. 

Section: 16.07

Topic: Nervous System

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.07.01 Summarize how the endocrine and nervous systems respond to external changes in the body.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

64) Usually you are consciously aware of the governance of your internal organs by the nervous and endocrine system.

Section: 16.07

Topic: Endocrine System

Bloom's: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 16.07.02 Summarize how the endocrine and nervous systems respond to internal changes in the body.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation