Ch15 Population, Immigration And Test Questions & Answers

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 1

1) The most racially and ethnically diverse major city in the United States is

Page reference: p. 437 “Population”

a. Houston

b. Atlanta

c. San Diego

d. Seattle

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 2

2) Demography is

Page reference: p. 438 “Population”

a. the study of human populations

b. the study of the physical process of aging

c. the study of the social process of aging

d. the study of the social experience of immigration

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 3

3) The movement of people from one nation to another is called

Page reference: p. 438 “Population”

a. immigration

b. emigration

c. internal migration

d. refugee flight

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 4

4) The overall trend in global demographics is

Page reference: p. 440 “Population”

a. increased birth rates and increased death rates

b. lowered birth rates and lowered death rates

c. increased birth rates and lowered death rates

d. lowered birth rates and increased death rates

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 5

5) For much of human history, population growth was hindered by

Page reference: p. 439 “Population”

a. high abortion rates

b. the use of contraceptives or abstinence to prevent pregnancy

c. high infant mortality rates

d. high infertility rates

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 6

6) Which statement about the relationship between birth and date rates globally is accurate?

Page reference: p. 440 “Population”

a. The death rate and birth rate have both declined at the same pace.

b. The death rate and birth rate have both remained constant.

c. The birth rate has declined faster than the death rate.

d. The death rate has declined faster than the birth rate.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 7

7) Thomas Malthus was the first demographer to argue that

Page reference: p. 440 “Population”

a. Nations should implement policies to prevent population growth from overwhelming agricultural production.

b. Cities should be designed to allow people to easily walk to schools and businesses

c. Residential areas and commercial areas should be strictly separated.

d. Humans are migratory animals, and national borders are an artificial and dangerous effort to reshape human behavior.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 8

8) Each of the following is a demographic challenge for wealthy nations EXCEPT

Page reference: p. 440 “Population”

a. immigration from nations that are poorer

b. increased number of elderly people

c. stress on the agricultural system’s ability to feed the national population

d. an increased average age for the population as fewer babies are born

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 9

9) The term “demographic divide” describes

Page reference: p. 440 “Population”

a. the overabundance of food in nations with slow growth rates and the lack of food in nations with high growth rates

b. the time before and after the Age of Exploration that began in the early 1400s as European explorers began to colonize in the New World, which would later lead to massive migration to North and South America, including the forced migration of enslaved Africans

c. the time before and after the agricultural revolution that began in England in the mid-17th century and led to massive increases in agricultural productivity

d. a general pattern of global population growth, in which poor countries have higher birth rates and shorter life expectancies, while wealthy countries have lower birth rates and longer life expectancies

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 10

10) For people who experience hardship early in life but who overcome it,

Page reference: p. 442 “Population”

a. there is no impact of those early difficult years on their health in old age

b. old age is actually easier for them than for people who did not face such hardships because they developed resiliency earlier in life

c. the impact of early hardships have a negative impact on health in old age

d. memories of hardship remind them that they can cope with old age, so they have better attitudes about aging

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 11

11) Which nations must address the challenges of a population that includes a high ratio of old to young people?

Page reference: p. 442 “Population”

a. South Korea, Kenya, and Mali

b. Mali, Ethiopia, and Australia

c. Nigeria, Kenya, and Australia

d. The U.S., Japan, and Germany

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 12

12) On almost every continent, population growth

Page reference: p. 443 “Population”

a. has remained steady since the 1800s

b. is at replacement rate

c. is above replacement rate

d. is below replacement rate

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 13

13) Which of the following statements is accurate?

Page reference: p. 443 “Population”

a. The world’s young and old populations are increasing at the same rate.

b. The world’s young and old populations are declining at the same rate.

c. The world’s young population is increasing faster than its young one.

d. The world’s older population is increasing faster than its young one.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 14

14) You live in a nation where the birth rate is above the replacement rate but is slowing. At the same time, people are living longer, but the nation has no public pension plan, so many people who are old are very poor. Many younger workers emigrate, leaving the nation in pursuit of better economic opportunity elsewhere. Where do you live?

Page reference: p. 443 “Population”

a. The United States

b. Germany

c. Nigeria

d. Iran

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 15

15) Which field of study studies the aging process and the social implications of it?

Page reference: p. 442 “Population”

a. Gerontology

b. Geriatrics

c. Demography

d. Social demography

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 16

16) In wealthier nations, people over the age of 65 are

Page reference: p. 443 “Population”

a. less likely to be working than are elderly people in poorer nations

b. more likely to be working than are elderly people in poorer nations

c. more likely than people under 45 to have not had any children or only to have had one

d. underrepresented among users of health care

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 17

17) In most public pension systems around the world, people are eligible to begin receiving full benefits

Page reference: p. 443 “Population”

a. in exchange for providing some unpaid care for young children or people who are even older than they are

b. as soon as choose, though taking benefits before a certain age will reduce the total amount of money they can receive

c. between the ages of 65 and 67

d. only if they no longer work, which frees up more jobs for younger works

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 18

18) The replacement rate is

Page reference: p. 443 “Population”

a. the ratio of people paying into a nation’s pension system (like the U.S.’s social security program) to the number of people taking funds from it; in other words, the employee to retiree ratio

b. the number of children that need to be born to each woman in order to sustain current population levels

c. the ratio of children being born to people dying each year

d. the ratio of people under 5 and over 65

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 19

19) Over the last decades, the number of facilities and services caring for the elderly in the U.S. has

Page reference: p. 442 “Population”

a. declined by one-third

b. increased by one-third

c. remained steady

d. declined by two-thirds

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 20

20) The infant mortality rate is a measure of

Page reference: p. 439 “Population”

a. the percentage of pregnancies that end in abortion in a year

b. the rate of death of children under age 1 who die in a year

c. the percentage of pregnant women who die during pregnancy or childbirth of medical causes related to pregnancy in a year

d. the percentage of women in a population who get pregnant despite using contraception in a year

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 21

21) Globally, the term “city”

Page reference: p. 444 “Urbanization”

a. has no standard definition

b. describes a place with a population density of at least 1,000 people per square kilometer

c. describes a local government entity that provides basic services for its residents, including clean water, and can levy taxes for these purposes

d. describes a place that has a distinct physical boundary around it rooted in geological formations (such as a river, a mountain, or a desert) that limits its expansion in at least two directions

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 22

22) The world’s first cities of more than 200,000 people included

Page reference: p. 445 “Urbanization”

a. Cairo in present-day Egypt, Chicago in the present-day U.S., and London in present day England

b. Babylon in present-day Iran, Patna in present-day India, and Rome in present-day Italy

c. Boston in the present-day U.S., St. Petersburg in present-day Russia, and Beijing in present-day China

d. Mexico City in present-day Mexico, Calgary in present-day Canada, and Aleppo in present-day Syria

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 23

23) What major world event accelerated urbanization in the U.S. and Europe during the 1800s?

Page reference: p. 444 “Urbanization”

a. The Age of Exploration

b. The Cultural Revolution

c. The American Revolution

d. The Industrial Revolution

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 24

24) The Industrial Revolution contributed to all of the following EXCEPT

Page reference: p. 444 “Urbanization”

a. the development of modern banking, which emerged to finance urban growth

b. the development of the farm-to-table movement, which stresses eating local foods

c. the growth of social reform movements, who often centered their work on addressing social problems that arose out of urbanization

d. the shift to the nuclear family, as more people lived farther from their families of origin and were no longer able to rely on extended family in the same way as they had

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 25

25) Today, about _______ of people live in cities worldwide.

Page reference: p. 445 “Urbanization”

a. 5%

b. 15%

c. 55%

d. 85%

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 26

26) Medieval cities remained relatively small because

Page reference: p. 445-446 “Urbanization”

a. poor nutrition inhibited the growth of individuals, so they did not need much space

b. walls around the city designed to protect them from attack also preventing them from growing

c. many urban dwellers used contraception to prevent pregnancy

d. people lacked the technology to build bridges to span waterways, which limited the routes into and out of cities and thus their growth

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 27

27) Organized, professional police departments arose to address crime in the

Page reference: p. 446 “Urbanization”

a. 1600s

b. 1700s

c. 1800s

d. 1900s

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 28

28) Urban planning includes

Page reference: p. 446 “Urbanization”

a. agricultural policy governing large farms

b. zoning laws to control growth

c. giving people the individual freedom to build houses that best suit their needs, regardless of public safety

d. printing newspapers

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 29

29) People often move from cities to suburban areas to live in a place with

Page reference: p. 446 “Urbanization”

a. more economically diverse families

b. more commercial activity

c. lower population density

d. a more racially diverse population

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 30

30) Paradise Valley, Arizona is about 25 minutes away from Phoenix by car, so many people choose to live in this town of just under 13,000 people and commute to Phoenix, which has 1.6 million residents, for work. Paradise Valley is more than 95% white. Most residents are married, with about one-third having children in the home. The average household income is more than double that of residents of Phoenix. Paradise Valley is a

Page reference: p. 446-447 “Urbanization”

a. suburb of Phoenix

b. rural area

c. conurb

d. megacity

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 31

31) What was the name of the suburb built outside of New York City after World War II that is often seen as the model suburb?

Page reference: p. 446 “Urbanization”

a. Levittown

b. Broadacre City

c. Brambleton

d. Greater Boston

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 32

32) When urban and suburban areas grow together to create a single, geographically large metropolitan area, this is called

Page reference: p. 446-447 “Urbanization”

a. conurbation

b. rural decline

c. suburbanization

d. urbanization

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 33

33) People living in exurban areas will typically spend a lot of time

Page reference: p. 446 “Urbanization”

a. driving to work

b. inside, because the public area is not safe

c. enjoying life as a retiree

d. farming

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 34

34) “Suburban sprawl” is characterized by

Page reference: p. 447 “Urbanization”

a. thoughtfully planned, highly efficient public transportation that moves many people daily without stress or strain

b. older adults living in urban settings designed with their unique social and health needs in mind

c. low-density, single-family housing in areas that were formerly rural, leading to traffic congestion on roads not designed for significant population growth

d. condominiums and apartments occupied by young adults who do not want to care for houses and yards that they own

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 35

35) All of the following are examples of global cities EXCEPT

Page reference: p. 448 “Urbanization”

a. London

b. Texarkana (which spans the Texas and Arkansas border) c. Singapore

d. Tokyo

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 36

36) The global elite

Page reference: p. 448 “Urbanization”

a. promote economic cooperation between rural and urban areas of a region

b. seek to protect affordable housing so that urban places a remain livable for a diversity of people, not just the wealthy

c. are more connected to other global cities than to the region where they primarily live

d. defend the traditions of rural ways of life in the face of suburban encroachment

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 37

37) The majority of potential buyers in London’s wealthiest neighborhoods are

Page reference: p. 449 “Urbanization”

a. residents whose families have been in the area for generations

b. young adults in well-paying jobs in technology fields

c. people who have made their fortune in sports and entertainment

d. very wealthy people from other nations

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 38

38) A poor neighborhood in an urban area includes several buildings that are in disrepair. Though many people living there are older adults who have owned their homes for decades, rising costs of living make it difficult for them to feel financially secure. Even though the neighborhood lacks resources like sidewalks, the cost of real estate is high enough to make buying a house affordable for young adults, and so many people who grew up there have moved out of the area.

Real estate investors have begun to purchase decrepit buildings and tear them down, then replace them with commercial buildings that they think will appeal to wealthier people, including people willing to commute to a tech company in a different part of the city. This, in turn, causes property values—and, subsequently, taxes—to rise in the neighborhood. More people are considering selling their houses in order to take advantage of the higher property values, but they would be unable to purchase a new home in the area if they do so.

The neighborhood is undergoing

Page reference: p. 449 “Urbanization”

a. suburbanization

b. conurbation.

c. racial covenanting

d. gentrification

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 39

39) Today, most of the world’s population increase is in

Page reference: p. 450 “Urbanization”

a. urban areas in developing nations

b. suburban areas in wealthy nations

c. rural areas in developing nations

d. exurban areas in wealthy nations

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 40

40) The HI-B is

Page reference: p. 451 “Urbanization”

a. a category of temporary visas for immigrant workers to enter the U.S. if they are highly-educated in a specialized occupation

b. a zoning law that prevents a city from building new housing if more than 3% of current housing is unoccupied

c. a city ordinance that prevents more than 5% of a city’s housing to be used as short-term rental property for tourists, such as AirBnB

d. an informal agreement among white neighbors not to sell real estate in a neighborhood to people of color or religious minorities

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 41

41) Which nation currently accepts more immigrants than any other in the world?

Page reference: p. 452 “Immigration”

a. Nigeria

b. Canada

c. The United States

d. Panama

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 42

42) Globally,

Page reference: p. 452 “Immigration”

a. the rate of immigration is higher today than in the 1950s but much lower than it was in the 1920s.

b. immigration has slowed but not stopped since the 1960s

c. immigration has slowed to almost none since the Great Depression

d. there is more immigration than ever before.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 43

43) The difference between migration flow and migration stock, in terms of measuring and observing immigration as a social phenomenon, is

Page reference: p. 453 “Immigration”

a. flow describes immigrants with specialized and unique skills that the native workforce does not have, while stock describes those who have few specialized skills

b. flow describes those who are first-generation immigrants, while stock describes those who intend on remaining in the nation

c. flow describes immigrants who are in a nation for a specific purpose for a short term, such as vacation, a business trip, or studying abroad; stock describes those who are in the nation long-term for work.

d. flow describes the number of people coming and leaving another country given period of time, while stock describes the total number of immigrants in a nation in a particular moment

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 44

44) Internal migration is different from immigration in that

Page reference: p. 452 “Immigration”

a. by definition, it is never permanent

b. it is illegal except in very rare cases

c. it is always from rural to urban areas

d. it is within a nation

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 45

45) An immigrant is someone who

Page reference: p. 452 “Immigration”

a. crosses a national border without permission to leave their state or enter another

b. crosses a national border to seek a new home either temporarily or permanently

c. moves more than 500 km, whether that involves crossing a national border or not

d. moves from one culture to another, whether than involves crossing a national border or not

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 46

46) To overcome the demographic divide, immigrants may move from

Page reference: p. 454 “Immigration”

a. poor countries to rich countries

b. countries with high average ages to countries with low ones

c. rural to urban areas

d. urban to rural areas

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 47

47) Between 1864 and 1924, more than half of immigrants leaving Europe came to

Page reference: p. 452 “Immigration”

a. Central and Latin America

b. Australia and New Zealand

c. Canada

d. the U.S.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 48

48) Which of the following is an example of a push factor in immigration?

Page reference: p. 454 “Immigration”

a. Ethnic cleansing of people of your ethnic group in the nation you are leaving

b. Ethnic cleansing of people in your ethnic group in the nation you are seeking to enter

c. Policies that allow people with your particular skill set to easily find well-paying work in the nation you are entering

d. The presence of family members who already live in the nation you want to move to

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 49

49) Which of the following is a pull factor in immigration?

Page reference: p. 454 “Immigration”

a. Ethnic cleansing of people of your ethnic group in the nation you are leaving

b. The presence of strong family ties in the nation you are leaving

c. Poor job opportunities in the nation you want to move to

d. The presence of a family member in the nation you want to move to

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 50

50) Today, most of the Jewish people in the world live in Israel and

Page reference: p. 459 “Immigration”

a. the U.S.

b. Western Europe

c. Russia

d. other nations in the Middle East

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 51

51) A citizen is someone who is

Page reference: p. 460 “Immigration”

a. a legal member of a nation-state

b. a legal resident, even if not a member, of a nation-state

c. a person with a strong identification with a nation-state, regardless of their legal status

d. a person with a strong identification with a community, even if they do not live near it

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 52

52) The policy that permitted people brought to the U.S. without documentation by their parents to remain in the U.S. rather than to be deported to a nation where they may have had few or no connections and did not understand the language or culture was called

Page reference: p. 462 “Immigration”

a. the national quota system

b. MAGA

c. DACA

d. the Chinese Exclusion Act

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 53

53) A Day Without Immigrants actions seek to draw attention to

Page reference: p. 462 “Immigration”

a. the positive social and economic impact of immigrants to the U.S.

b. the lowered crime rates in immigrant communities in the U.S. compared to among native-born people

c. the net positive contribution that immigrants make to the U.S. tax base

d. the dependency that rural hospitals have on immigrant physicians

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 54

54) Research consistently suggests that anti-immigrant movements are motivated by all of the following EXCEPT

Page reference: p. 461 “Immigration”

a. racism

b. religious bigotry

c. worry about competition for highly skilled jobs requiring significant education

d. dislike of foreign cultures and languages

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 55

55) In recent years, globally, anti-immigration backlash has been

Page reference: p. 460-461 “Immigration”

a. steady

b. declining

c. growing

d. growing in the U.S. but declining in Europe

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 56

56) California is the U.S. state with the highest number of immigrants. It also has

Page reference: p. 461 “Immigration”

a. higher crime rates in immigrant communities than in non-immigrant ones

b. little racial diversity because most of its immigrants are white Europeans

c. little work available to immigrants because of its weak agricultural economy

d. high levels of support for humane immigration policies and immigrant rights

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 57

57) AIPAC is a lobby that promotes

Page reference: p. 459 “Immigration”

a. US support for Jewish people and Israel

b. anti-immigrant policies

c. pro-immigrant policies

d. the rights of agricultural farmworkers

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 58

58) From the early 20th century until the 1960s, immigration to the U.S. was restricted by a quota based on

Page reference: p. 452-453 “Immigration”

a. the nation of origin of an immigrant

b. the religion of an immigrant

c. the educational status of an immigrant

d. the age of an immigrant

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 59

59) Americans and Canadians who retire to Central America commonly cite all of the following reasons for going there EXCEPT

Page reference: p. 463-464 “Case Study: Retirement Migration to Central America”

a. they are returning to places where they have ancestral roots

b. the cost of living is cheap compared to the U.S.

c. they want to live in warm climates

d. healthcare is affordable in these locations

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 15 Question 60

60) For most Americans who retire to a foreign country,

Page reference: p. 463-464 “Case Study: Retirement Migration to Central America”

a. they give up their U.S. citizenship

b. their privilege increases.

c. they make significant financial sacrifices to live abroad

d. they help the local economy by lowering the cost of living for natives