Ch11 The Gastrointestinal System — Test Questions & Answers

Acquiring Medical Language, 2e (Jones)

Chapter 11 The Gastrointestinal System — Gastroenterology

1) Which of the following roots is part of the lower gastrointestinal tract?

A) enter/o

B) gloss/o

C) lingu/o

D) odont/o

E) stomat/o

2) What root refers to the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach?

A) enter/o

B) esophag/o

C) lingu/o

D) or/o

E) stomat/o

3) What root refers to the first of the three sections of the small intestine and literally means "twelve"?

A) colon/o

B) duoden/o

C) enter/o

D) ile/o

E) jejun/o

4) What root refers to the second of the three sections of the small intestine and literally means "empty"?

A) colon/o

B) duoden/o

C) enter/o

D) ile/o

E) jejun/o

5) What root refers to the third of the three sections of the small intestine and literally means "groin"?

A) colon/o

B) duoden/o

C) enter/o

D) ile/o

E) jejun/o

6) What root refers to the large intestine?

A) colon/o

B) duoden/o

C) enter/o

D) ile/o

E) jejun/o

7) What root refers to the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs?

A) celi/o

B) gloss/o

C) lapar/o

D) peritone/o

E) sigmoid/o

8) Translate the root stomat/o.

A) Bladder

B) Intestines

C) Mouth

D) Stomach

E) Tongue

9) Translate the root odont/o.

A) Esophagus

B) Gums

C) Mouth

D) Tongue

E) Tooth

10) Translate the root enter/o.

A) Abdomen

B) Colon

C) Intestines

D) Mouth

E) Small intestine

11) Translate the root proct/o.

A) Anus

B) Anus and rectum

C) Rectum

D) Sphincter

E) The final portion of the colon

12) Translate the root sigmoid/o.

A) The final portion of the colon before it arrives at the sphincter

B) The mouth

C) The portion of the large intestine at the end of the colon before the rectum

D) The portion of the small intestine located in the lower abdomen

E) The sphincter or muscle at the end of the intestines that allows for the passage of feces

13) Translate the root an/o.

A) The final portion of the colon before it arrives at the sphincter

B) The mouth

C) The portion of the large intestine at the end before the rectum

D) The portion of the small intestine located in the lower abdomen

E) The sphincter or muscle at the end of the intestines that allows for the passage of feces

14) Which combination of roots refers to the ducts through which bile leaves the liver?

A) Choleangio

B) Choledocho

C) Cholecyst

D) Hepatochole

E) Cholelith

15) Which combination of roots refers to the gallbladder, a small organ located under the liver that stores bile?

A) Choleangio

B) Choledocho

C) Cholecyst

D) Hepatochole

E) Cholelith

16) Identify and define the root in the term gingivectomy.

A) gingiv gums

B) gingiv mouth

C) ec out

D) tomy cut

E) tomy reconstruction

17) Identify and define the root in the term glossoplasty.

A) glosso gums

B) glosso mouth

C) glosso tongue

D) plasty reconstruction

E) plasty removal

18) Identify and define the root in the term sialolith.

A) sialo saliva

B) sialo sigmoid colon

C) sialo segment of the small intestine

D) lith hernia

E) lith stone

19) Identify and define the root in the term laparoscopy.

A) laparo abdomen

B) laparo stomach

C) scop look

D) scop measure

E) y procedure

20) Identify and define the root in the term hepaticotomy.

A) hepatico liver

B) hepatico pancreas

C) hepatico rectum

D) tomy "cut"; incision

E) tomy suture

21) Identify the correct pronunciation for the medical term cholecystogram.

A) CHOH-lay-KIS-toh-gram

B) chohl-SIS-toh-gram

C) KOH-lay-SIS-toh-gram

D) kohl-KIS-toh-gram

22) Identify the correct pronunciation for the medical term celiopathy.

A) KEE-leh-AW-pah-thee

B) KEEL-yo-pah-thee

C) SEE-lee-AW-pah-thee

D) SEE-leh-AW-pai-thai

E) SEEL-yo-pah-thee

23) Break the medical term aerodontalgia into its component parts.

A) aerodont/algia

B) aero/dontalgia

C) aer/odontalg/ia

D) aer/odont/algia

E) aero/dontal/gia

24) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term gingivostomatitis?

A) gingivo (gum) + stomat (mouth) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the mouth and gums

B) gingivo (gum) + stomat (stomach) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the gums caused by the stomach

C) gingivo (tooth) + stomat (mouth) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the tooth and mouth

D) gingivo (tooth) + stomat (stomach) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the teeth caused by the stomach

25) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term sialorrhea?

A) sialo (saliva) + rrhea (deficiency) = insufficient salivation (dry mouth)

B) sialo (saliva) + rrhea (excessive discharge) = excessive salivation

C) sialo (small intestine) + rrhea (deficiency) = deficiency in the small intestine

D) sialo (small intestine) + rrhea (excessive discharge) = excessive discharge from the small intestine

26) Translate the medical term aphagia as literally as possible.

A) "Bad eat condition"; poor eating habits

B) "Good eat condition"; normal eating habits

C) "No eat condition"; inability to eat

D) "Over eat condition"; excessive food intake

E) "Under eat condition"; insufficient food intake

27) Translate the medical term eupepsia as literally as possible.

A) "Bad digestion condition"; bad digestion

B) "Good digestion condition"; normal digestion

C) "No digestion condition"; inability to digest

D) "Over digestion condition"; excessive digestion (diarrhea)

E) "Under digestion condition"; insufficient digestion (constipation)

28) Which medical term means "pain in the intestines"?

A) Celiodynia

B) Cholecystalgia

C) Duodenitis

D) Enteritis

E) Enterodynia

29) Which medical term means "excessive vomiting"?

A) Aphagia

B) Dyspepsia

C) Eupepsia

D) Hyperemesis

E) Hypoemesis

30) Which medical term means "gallbladder pain"?

A) Cholangitis

B) Cholecystalgia

C) Choledochodynia

D) Cholelithiasis

E) Dysentery

31) Which medical term means "bad intestine condition" and is another name for diarrhea?

A) Aphagia

B) Dysentery

C) Dyspepsia

D) Enterodynia

E) Hyperemesis

32) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term anosigmoidoscopy into its component parts?

A) anosigmoido/scopy

B) anosigmo/idoscopy

C) anos/igmo/ido/scopy

D) ano/sigmoido/scopy

E) an/osigmo/ido/scopy

33) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term orthodontist into its component parts?

A) ortho/dontist

B) ortho/dont/ist

C) or/thodont/ist

D) or/tho/dont/ist

E) or/thod/ont/ist

34) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hepatomalacia?

A) hepato (liver) + malacia (hardening) = hardening of the liver

B) hepato (liver) + malacia (softening) = softening of the liver

C) hepato (liver) + malacia (straight) = straightening of the liver

D) hepato (pancreas) + malacia (hardening) = hardening of the pancreas

E) hepato (pancreas) + malacia (softening) = softening of the pancreas

35) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term sialoangiectasis?

A) sialo (saliva) + angi (bladder) + ectasis (expansion) = overexpansion of the salivary glands

B) sialo (saliva) + angi (duct) + ectasis (expansion) = overexpansion of the salivary glands

C) sialo (saliva) + angi (vessel) + ectasis (expansion) = overexpansion of the salivary vessels

D) sialo (small intestine) + angi (duct) + ectasis (expansion) = overexpansion of the small intestine

E) sialo (small intestine) + angi (vessel) + ectasis (expansion) = overexpansion of the vessels in the small intestine

36) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term sialostenosis?

A) sialo (saliva) + sten (hard) + osis (condition) = hardening of the salivary glands

B) sialo (saliva) + sten (narrow) + osis (condition) = narrowing of the salivary glands

C) sialo (small intestine) + sten (hard) + osis (condition) = hardening of the small intestine

D) sialo (small intestine) + sten (narrow) + osis (condition) = narrowing of the small intestine

37) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term odontoclasis?

A) odonto (gum) + clasis (break) = breaking of the gums (usually a crack)

B) odonto (mouth) + clasis (break) = breaking of mouth (jaw)

C) odonto (palate) + clasis (break) = breaking of the roof of the mouth

D) odonto (tongue) + clasis (break) = breaking of the tongue

E) odonto (tooth) + clasis (break) = breaking of a tooth

38) Translate the medical term biligenesis as literally as possible.

A) Bile creation

B) Bile hardening

C) Feces creation

D) Feces hardening

39) Translate the medical term stomatosis as literally as possible.

A) Mouth condition

B) Mouth inflammation

C) Stomach condition

D) Stomach inflammation

40) Translate the medical term gastromalacia as literally as possible.

A) Hardening of the stomach

B) Inflammation of the stomach

C) Narrowing of the stomach

D) Pain in the stomach

E) Softening of the stomach

41) Translate the medical term gastroparesis as literally as possible.

A) Disease of the stomach

B) Drooping of the stomach

C) Growth in the stomach

D) Partial paralysis of the stomach

E) Tumor of the stomach

42) Which medical term means specialist in the anus, rectum, and colon?

A) Bariatric specialist

B) Dentist

C) Gastroenterologist

D) Orthodontist

E) Proctologist

43) Which medical term means "specialist in the stomach and intestines"?

A) Bariatric specialist

B) Dentist

C) Gastroenterologist

D) Orthodontist

E) Proctologist

44) Which medical term means "procedure for looking at the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity"?

A) Gastroscopy

B) Laparoscopy

C) Peritoneoscopy

D) Proctoscopy

E) Sigmoidoscopy

45) Which medical term means "procedure for looking at the end of the colon, before the rectum begins"?

A) Gastroscopy

B) Laparoscopy

C) Peritoneoscopy

D) Proctoscopy

E) Sigmoidoscopy

46) A person's belly button is in which region of the abdomen?

A) Epigastric region

B) Hypochondriac region

C) Inguinal region

D) Lumbar region

E) Umbilical region

47) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term gastroenterocolitis into its component parts?

A) gastroenterocol/itis

B) gastroentero/colitis

C) gastro/entero/colitis

D) gastro/entero/col/itis

E) gastro/en/tero/col/itis

48) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term gingival hyperplasia?

A) gingiv (gum) + al (pertaining to) + hyper (over) + plasia (formation) = overformation of gum tissue

B) gingiv (gum) + al (pertaining to) + hyper (under) + plasia (formation) = underformation of gum tissue

C) gingiv (mouth) + al (pertaining to) + hyper (over) + plasia (formation) = overformation of mouth tissue

D) gingiv (mouth) + al (pertaining to) + hyper (under) + plasia (formation) = underformation of mouth tissue

49) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term stomatomycosis?

A) stomato (stomach) + myc (fungus) + osis (condition) = fungus condition of the stomach

B) stomato (stomach) + myc (muscle) + osis (condition) = condition of the stomach muscles

C) stomato (mouth) + myc (fungus) + osis (condition) = fungus condition of the mouth

D) stomato (mouth) + myc (muscle) + osis (condition) = condition of the muscles in the mouth

50) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term celiomyositis?

A) celio (abdomen) + myos (muscle) + itis (condition) = condition of the abdominal muscle

B) celio (abdomen) + myos (muscle) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the abdominal muscle

C) celio (colon) + myos (fungus) + itis (condition) = condition of the colon caused by fungus

D) celio (colon) + myos (fungus) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the colon caused by fungus

E) celio (colon) + myos (muscle) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the colon muscle

51) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hepatosclerosis?

A) hepato (liver) + scler (hardening) + osis (condition) = hardening of the liver

B) hepato (liver) + scler (narrowing) + osis (condition) = narrowing of the liver

C) hepato (liver) + scler (softening) + osis (condition) = softening of the liver

D) hepato (pancreas) + scler (hardening) + osis (condition) = hardening of the pancreas

E) hepato (pancreas) + scler (softening) + osis (condition) = softening of the pancreas

52) Translate the medical term cholangioma as literally as possible.

A) chol (bile) + angi (duct) + oma (condition) = condition of the bile duct (the common bile duct)

B) chol (bile) + angi (duct) + oma (tumor) = tumor of the bile duct (the common bile duct)

C) chol (bile) + angi (vessel) + oma (tumor) = tumor of the bile vessels (ducts located in the liver)

D) chol (colon) + angi (vessel) + oma (condition) = condition of the vessels in the colon

E) chol (colon) + angi (vessel) + oma (tumor) = tumor of the vessels in the colon

53) Translate the medical term choledochocele as literally as possible.

A) Tumor between the third section of the small intestine and the colon

B) Tumor in the colon and the final section of the colon before the rectum

C) Tumor in the gallbladder

D) Tumor of the bile vessels/ducts (located in the liver)

E) Tumor of the common bile duct

54) Translate the medical term sialoadenosis as literally as possible.

A) Saliva gland condition

B) Saliva gland inflammation

C) Sialo (section of the colon) gland condition

D) Sialo (section of the colon) gland disease

E) Sialo (section of the small intestine) gland inflammation

55) Which medical term means "inflammation of the second and third sections of the small intestine"?

A) Gingivostomatitis

B) Ileocolitis

C) Jejunoileitis

D) Peritonitis

E) Sialoadenitis

56) Which medical term means "downward displacement of the rectum and anus"?

A) Proctitis

B) Proctoplasty

C) Proctoptosis

D) Rectalgia

E) Rectopexy

57) Which medical term means "inflammation of the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity"?

A) Duodenitis

B) Gastroenteritis

C) Ileitis

D) Jejunitis

E) Peritonitis

58) What medical term means "inflammation of the tube that connects the mouth and stomach"?

A) Duodenitis

B) Esophagitis

C) Ileitis

D) Jejunitis

E) Peritonitis

59) What medical term refers to an abnormal opening between the rectum and the exterior perianal skin?

A) Anal fistula

B) Anorectostomy

C) Fistula

D) Gastroenterostomy

E) Hernia

60) Which of the following statements is NOT true about the medical term cirrhosis?

A) It comes from the Greek word cirrho, for yellow.

B) It describes a liver disease named for the change of color in the liver.

C) It is a diagnosis of a supporting organ in the gastrointestinal system.

D) All of these are true

E) None of these are true

61) Which of the following statements about the medical term pyloric stenosis is NOT true?

A) It breaks into pylor (gatekeeper) + ic (pertaining to) + sten (narrowing) + osis (condition).

B) It is a plan of treatment for acid reflux.

C) It is part of the upper gastrointestinal tract.

D) It means the narrowing of the sphincter at the base of the stomach.

E) It refers to one of three sphincters in the body, all of which are part of the gastrointestinal system.

62) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term pancreatoduodenectomy into its component parts?

A) pancreatoduoden/ectomy

B) pancreato/duoden/ectomy

C) pan/creato/duo/den/ectomy

D) pan/creato/duo/den/ec/tomy

E) pan/creato/duo/den/ec/tom/y

63) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term glossorrhaphy?

A) glosso (gum) + rrhaphy (puncture) = puncture of the gums

B) glosso (gum) + rrhaphy (reconstruction) = reconstruction of the gums

C) glosso (tongue) + rrhaphy (binding) = binding of the tongue

D) glosso (tongue) + rrhaphy (fixation) = surgical fixation of the tongue

E) glosso (tongue) + rrhaphy (suture) = suture of the tongue

64) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term odontectomy?

A) odont (gums) + ectomy (incision) = incision into the gums

B) odont (gums) + ec (out) + tomy (cut) = surgical removal of (a portion of) the gums

C) odont (tooth) + ectomy (incision) = incision into a tooth

D) odont (tooth) + ectomy (reconstruction) = reconstruction of a tooth

E) odont (tooth) + ectomy (removal) = surgical removal of a tooth

65) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term colostomy?

A) colo (colon) + stomy (opening) = creation of an opening in the colon

B) colo (colon) + stomy (fixation) = surgical fixation of the colon

C) colo (colon) + stomy (puncture) = puncture of the colon

D) colo (colon) + stomy (surgical removal) = surgical removal of (a portion of) the colon

E) colo (colon) + stomy (suture) = suture of the colon

66) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term enterorrhaphy?

A) entero (intestine) + rrhaphy (creation of an opening) = creation of an opening in the intestine

B) entero (intestine) + rrhaphy (fixation) = surgical fixation of the intestine

C) entero (intestine) + rrhaphy (puncture) = puncture of the intestine

D) entero (intestine) + rrhaphy (surgical removal) = surgical removal of (a portion of) the intestine

E) entero (intestine) + rrhaphy (suture) = suture of the intestine

67) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hemicolectomy?

A) hemi (two) + col (colon) + ectomy (incision) = incision into two sections of the small intestine

B) hemi (two) + col (colon) + ectomy (removal) = surgical removal of two sections of the large intestine

C) hemi (half) + col (colon) + ectomy (incision) = incision into half (a portion) of the large intestine

D) hemi (half) + col (colon) + ectomy (removal) = surgical removal of the half (a portion) of the large intestine

E) hemi (half) + col (colon) + ectomy (removal) = surgical removal of the half (a portion) of the small intestine

68) Translate the medical term antiemetic as literally as possible.

A) Against acid agent, agent that neutralizes agent

B) Against intestine agent, agent that produces bowel movements

C) Against vomiting agent, agent that prevents or relieves nausea or vomiting

D) Over vomiting agent, agent that causes vomiting

E) Under acid agent, an agent that prevents excessive acid production

69) Translate the medical term rectopexy as literally as possible.

A) Rectum binding

B) Rectum fixation

C) Rectum puncture

D) Rectum reconstruction

E) Rectum suture

70) Translate the medical term abdominocentesis as literally as possible.

A) Abdomen binding

B) Abdomen fixation

C) Abdomen puncture

D) Abdomen reconstruction

E) Abdomen suture

71) Translate the medical term celiotomy.

A) Incision into the abdomen

B) Incision into the lining of the stomach

C) Reconstruction of the stomach

D) Surgical fixation of the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

E) Surgical removal of the stomach lining

72) Which medical term means "creation of an opening between the stomach and the second section of the small intestine"?

A) Cholangiogastrostomy

B) Gastroduodenostomy

C) Gastroenterostomy

D) Gastrojejunostomy

E) Ileocolostomy

73) Which medical term means "creation of an opening between the third section of the small intestine and the large intestine"?

A) Cholangiogastrostomy

B) Gastroduodenostomy

C) Gastroenterostomy

D) Gastrojejunostomy

E) Ileocolostomy

74) Which medical term means "incision into the common bile duct"?

A) Choleangiostomy

B) Cholecystectomy

C) Choledochotomy

D) Cholelithotomy

E) Cholemesis

75) Which medical term means "surgical fixation of the liver"?

A) Hepatectomy

B) Hepaticotomy

C) Hepatomalacia

D) Hepatopexy

E) Hepatoptosis

76) Which term describes the crushing of gallstones?

A) Choledocholithectomy

B) Cholelith

C) Cholelithiasis

D) Cholelithotripsy

E) Cholethithotomy

77) What is the medical term used for the surgical reconstruction of the mouth?

A) Anoplasty

B) Dentoplasty

C) Gingivoplasty

D) Glossoplasty

E) Stomatoplasty

78) What is the correct meaning of the abbreviation N&V?

A) Nasogastric tube and vomiting

B) Nasovasoscopy

C) Nausea and vomiting

D) Nauseous and volatile

E) Not vocal

79) The left hypochondriac region of the abdomen is in which quadrant of the abdomen?

A) LQ

B) LLQ

C) LUQ

D) RLQ

E) RUQ

80) If a medical professional is referring to the left lower quadrant of the abdomen, he may abbreviate it:

A) LQ.

B) LLQ.

C) LUQ.

D) RLQ.

E) RUQ.

81) Which of the following statements is true about the abbreviation NPO?

A) It stands for nasogastric tube and refers to the tube inserted through the nose into the stomach.

B) It stands for nihil per os and means "nothing by mouth."

C) It stands for noninvasive peritoneoscopy and refers to a method of looking at the peritoneum without surgery.

D) It stands for nothing passes orally and means a patient cannot have food or drink.

82) Which is the correct definition and translation of the abbreviation PEJ?

A) Percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy, using an endoscope to assist in the creation of an opening in part of the small intestine without having to surgically open the abdomen for placement

B) Percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy, using an endoscope to assist in the creation of an opening in the stomach without having to surgically open the abdomen for placement

C) Percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy, using an endoscope to assist in the creation of an opening in the mouth

D) Percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy, using an endoscope to assist in the creation of an opening in the large intestine without having to surgically open the abdomen for placement

E) Percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy, using an endoscope to assist in the creation of an opening in the colon without having to surgically open the abdomen for placement

83) A tube inserted through the nose into the stomach is abbreviated:

A) FOBT.

B) LFT.

C) NGT.

D) NPO.

E) N&V.

84) Which part of the body is NOT part of the UGI tract?

A) Esophagus

B) Intestines

C) Mouth

D) Stomach

E) Tongue

85) Which abbreviation is used for the test where a small ultrasound transducer is installed on the tip of an instrument used to look inside the digestive tract?

A) BE

B) EGD

C) ERCP

D) EUS

E) PEG

86) What is the correct translation and definition of the abbreviation FOBT?

A) Fecal occult blood test, a test of the feces to discover blood not visibly apparent

B) Feces of bariatric tests, the testing of fecal matter to determine the correct treatment plan for a person with weight issues

C) Final oral biopsy test, the last test before determining if a patient requires a tooth extraction

D) Flatulent occult barium treatment, the treatment of excessive digestive gas using barium

E) Flatus, odontodynia, biligenesis treatment, treatment for the combination of symptoms passing gas, tooth pain, formation of bile

87) Read the following excerpt from a health record: 

SUBJECTIVE

Mr. Robert Luno presents to our clinic with a 2-month history of intermittent post-prandial gastralgia and dyspepsia. It has become more and more frequent. He also reports occasional emesis as well, but denies hematemesis and cholemesis. He denies diarrhea and constipation.

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the symptoms experienced by Mr. Luno?

A) The patient has diarrhea and constipation and has been vomiting.

B) The patient has not passed fluid or unformed feces, nor has he had difficulty passing feces.

C) The patient has poor digestion, and it is getting worse.

D) The patient is experiencing stomach pain that comes and goes.

E) The patient is not vomiting bile or blood.

88) Read the following excerpt from a health record: 

ASSESSMENT 

I suspect Mr. Luno is suffering from gastroesophageal reflux. Other possibilities include gastritis, cholelithiasis, and PUD. 

Which is NOT part of the differential diagnosis?

A) The DDx includes GERD.

B) The medical professional believes the patient is suffering from a disease in which acid comes up from the stomach and damages the esophagus.

C) The patient may be suffering from an inflamed stomach or gallstones.

D) The patient may have a stone in his pancreas.

E) The patient may have peptic ulcer disease.

89) Read the following excerpt from a health record: 

PLAN 

I will begin a trial of antacid therapy along with recommended dietary adjustments. If he does not respond to treatment in 1 month, I will schedule him for an EGD. 

What are the correct definition and translation for the procedure for which the patient will be scheduled, should he not respond to initial treatment within a month?

A) EGD = esophagogastroduodenoscopy: eso (in, inside) + phago (eat) + gastro (stomach) + duo (two) + deno (digestion) + scopy (procedure) = procedure for examining the efficacy of the digestional tract

B) EGD = esophagogastroduodenoscopy: eso (outside) + phago (eat) + gastro (stomach) + duo (two) + deno (digestion) + scopy (procedure) = procedure using ultrasound to watch the digestional tract

C) EGD = esophagogastroduodenoscopy: esophago (esophagus) + gastro (stomach) + duodeno (duodenum) + scopy (looking procedure) = procedure for looking inside the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum

D) EGD = esophagogastroduodenoscopy: esophago (esophagus) + gastro (stomach) + duodeno (digestion) + scopy (procedure) = procedure for looking inside the esophagus and stomach by digesting a probe

E) EGD = esophagogastroduodenoscopy: esophago (esophagus) + gastro (digestion) + duodeno (duodenum) + scopy (procedure) = procedure for looking inside the esophagus to observe the duodenum in the process of digestion

90) What is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term underlined in the health record below? 

Subjective

Reason for Consult: Jaundice, RUQ pain. 

History of Present Illness: Ms. Renata Mendel is a 22-year-old woman well known to the gastroenterology service. She was initially diagnosed with ulcerative colitis 2 years previously. She had presented to her primary care provider at the time with a history of recurring bloody stools and constipation. The symptoms progressed to include fatigue and purulent rectal discharge, and she was referred to our clinic.

A) gastro (abdomen) + entero (intestines) + logy (study) = study of the abdomen and intestines

B) gastro (abdomen) + entero (stomach) + logy (study) = study of the abdomen and stomach

C) gastro (stomach) + entero (internal organs) + logy (study) = study of the stomach and internal organs

D) gastro (stomach) + entero (intestines) + logy (study) = study of the stomach and intestines

91) Read the following excerpt from a health record: 

Colonoscopy confirmed the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. One year ago, she developed toxic megacolon, which eventually led to surgical intervention. She had been doing well until 3 months ago, when she started reporting fatigue, general pruritis, and pain in her RUQ. Her primary provider referred her again for evaluation. She reports some history of steatorrhea but denies bright red blood. 

Which of the following statements is NOT true, given this health record information?

A) One year ago the patient developed a condition where her colon became enlarged.

B) The patient has experienced some hematemesis.

C) The patient has had excessive fat discharged in her feces.

D) The patient has pain in the upper right section of her abdomen.

E) When the patient had her colon examined, she was diagnosed with a form of colon inflammation that involves ulcers.

92) What is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term underlined in the health record below? 

Objective 

Past Medical History: Ulcerative colitis. Toxic megacolon. 

Past Surgical History: Total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis. 

Family History: Mother with ulcerative colitis. 

Medications: Daily vitamin.

A) Ileorectal anastomosis breaks into ileo (colon) + rect (rectum) + al (pertaining to) + ana (up/out) + stom (stomach) + osis (condition) = condition where the stomach is not properly connected to the colon and rectum.

B) Ileorectal anastomosis breaks into ileo (colon) + rect (rectum) + al (pertaining to) + ana (up/out) + stom (mouth) + osis (condition) = creation of an opening between the colon and rectum.

C) Ileorectal anastomosis breaks into ileo (ileum) + rect (rectum) + al (pertaining to) + ana (up/out) + stom (mouth) + osis (condition) = creation of an opening between the ilium and rectum.

D) Ileorectal anastomosis breaks into ileo (ileum) + rect (rectum) + al (pertaining to) + ana (up/out) + stom (stomach) + osis (condition) = condition where the stomach is not properly connected to the rectum.

93) What are the correct definitions for the medical terms underlined below? 

Laboratory Data: 

Significant for increased LFTs, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperbilirubinemia.

A) LFTs = liver function tests 

hypoalbuminemia: hypo (over) + albumin (albumin) + emia (blood condition) = too much albumin in the blood 

hyperbilirubinemia: hyper (under) + bilirubin (bilirubin) + emia (blood condition) = not enough bilirubin in the blood

B) LFTs = liver function tests 

hypoalbuminemia: hypo (over) + albumin (albumin) + emia (urine condition) = too much albumin in the urine 

hyperbilirubinemia: hyper (under) + bilirubin (bilirubin) + emia (urine condition) = not enough bilirubin in the urine

C) LFTs = liver function tests 

hypoalbuminemia: hypo (under) + albumin (albumin) + emia (blood condition) = not enough albumin in the blood 

hyperbilirubinemia: hyper (over) + bilirubin (bilirubin) + emia (blood condition) = too much bilirubin in the blood

D) LFTs = liver function tests 

hypoalbuminemia: hypo (under) + albumin (albumin) + emia (urine condition) = not enough albumin in the urine

hyperbilirubinemia: hyper (over) + bilirubin (bilirubin) + emia (urine condition) = too much bilirubin in the urine

94) Read the following excerpt from a health record: 

Assessment 

Ms. Mendel's symptoms are concerning for primary sclerosing cholangitis. Other possibilities include hepatitis, cholelithiasis, and biliary obstruction. 

Which of the following definitions is NOT part of this patient's differential diagnosis?

A) Blockage of the bile ducts

B) Gallstone

C) Inflammation and hardening of the bile vessels

D) Inflammation of the liver

E) Intestinal inflammation

95) Read the following excerpt from a health record: 

Plan 

Recommendation: 

We need to perform an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatogram. Given the less invasive nature, I recommended Ms. Mendel have an MR cholangiogram, which is scheduled for later this week. If the results confirm primary sclerosing cholangitis, we will begin medical treatment and then schedule a percutaneous hepatic biopsy. 

Which of the following statements is NOT true, given this health record information?

A) Both the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram and the magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatogram will give the health care professionals a map of the bile vessels (ducts) and pancreas.

B) If the results confirm the patient's bile ducts are inflamed and hardening, the patient will have a liver biopsy.

C) The author of this health record recommends an ERCP.

D) The endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram involves using an endoscope, an instrument to look inside.

E) The patient has been scheduled to have a test that will take a record of the bile vessels (ducts).

96) Read the following excerpt from a health record: 

Admission labs: Elevated LFTs, hyperbilirubinemia, leukocytosis, elevated amylase and lipase. 

Discharge labs: Everything had returned to normal levels. Imaging: Ultrasound of the upper abdomen revealed cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis with bile duct dilation. 

Which of the following statements is NOT true, given the health record information?

A) The patient had an increased number of white blood cells upon admission.

B) The patient had an inguinal ultrasound.

C) The patient's admission labs showed excessive bilirubin in the blood.

D) The patient's liver function tests were elevated upon admission.

E) The ultrasound revealed the presence of gallstones.

97) Read the following excerpt from a health record: 

HPI 

Mrs. Roxana Collach presented to the ED with a 2-day history of increasing epigastric pain. She described the pain as constant and dull with radiation to her back. She also had progressive anorexia. She denied nausea, emesis, or diarrhea. She was febrile in the ED and had marked epigastric tenderness on exam with guarding. Her abdomen was slightly distended, and she was mildly jaundiced. Her elevated amylase and lipase confirmed the suspicion of acute pancreatitis. She was admitted for pain control and IVF. 

Which of the following statements is NOT true, given the health record information?

A) Mrs. Collach has a slight yellowing of the skin.

B) The lab results confirmed the patient has an inflamed pancreas.

C) The patient experienced pain in the upper center portion of the abdomen.

D) The patient is showing signs of icterus.

E) Upon examination the patient revealed tenderness in the lower center portion of the abdomen.

98) Read the following Hospital Course excerpt: 

Hospital Course 

Mrs. Collach was admitted to the medical service. She was placed on NPO status and given IVF and analgesics. An ultrasound revealed gallstones in the common bile duct as the etiology for Mrs. Collach's pancreatitis. Surgery was consulted. 

According to this excerpt, which of the following statements is true?

A) Mrs. Collach has cholecystitis.

B) Mrs. Collach has choledochocele.

C) Mrs. Collach has choledocholithiasis.

D) Mrs. Collach has pancreatoduodenectomy.

E) Mrs. Collach has pancreatolithiasis.

99) Read the following excerpt from a health record: 

On hospital day 2, Mrs. Collach was taken to the OR for laparoscopic choledocholithectomy and cholecystectomy. She tolerated the procedure well. She began a postoperative refeeding plan with a low-protein, low-fat diet. She tolerated advancing the diet, and 2 days after her surgery, her pain had improved enough that she was discharged home. 

Why was Mrs. Collach taken to the operating room?

A) Mrs. Collach was taken to the operating room to create an opening between her bile vessels and her stomach.

B) Mrs. Collach was taken to the operating room to crush her gallstones and then remove them.

C) Mrs. Collach was taken to the operating room to have her gallstones removed and then reconstruct her gallbladder.

D) Mrs. Collach was taken to the operating room to have her gallbladder and gallstones removed.

E) Mrs. Collach was taken to the operating room to remove a portion of her colon through an incision in her abdomen.