Ch12 Exam Questions + The Urinary and Male Reproductive

Acquiring Medical Language, 2e (Jones)

Chapter 12 The Urinary and Male Reproductive Systems — Urology

1) Which of the following statements is NOT true about the root glomerul/o?

A) It comes from the Latin word meaning little ball.

B) It is part of the urinary system.

C) It is the basic working unit of the kidney.

D) It refers to the cluster of small blood vessels inside the kidney.

E) The glomerulus serves as the primary place for filtering the blood to form urine.

2) Which of the following statements is NOT true about the root pyel/o?

A) In a urology context, it refers to the holding area for waste within the kidneys.

B) It is a large holding bag for urine.

C) It is a root that means pelvis.

D) It is used most commonly for the renal pelvis.

E) It can also apply to the skeletal pelvis (a bone).

3) Which of the following statements is NOT true about the root lith/o?

A) It means stone and in a urology context, it refers to an accumulation of mineral salts and calcium.

B) Some health care professions translate it as calculus, which means "little rocks."

C) When combined with the root cysto (cystolith), it refers to a stone in the bladder.

D) When combined with the root nephr/o (nephrolith), it means kidney stone.

E) When combined with the root ureter/o (ureterolith), it means a stone in the urine.

4) Both males and females have a urethral meatus. Identify the roots used in this term and their correct translation.

A) urethr, urethra (tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside world) meat flow

B) urethr, urethra (tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside world) meat opening

C) urethr, urethra (tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder) meat flow

D) urethr, urethra (tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder) meat opening

E) al, pertaining to us structure

5) Which root is used to refer to the bladder?

A) balan/o

B) cyst/o

C) glomerul/o

D) nephr/o

E) ren/o

6) Which root is used to refer to the tubes that carry the urine from the kidneys to the bladder?

A) balan/o

B) cyst/o

C) glomerul/o

D) urethr/o

E) ureter/o

7) Translate the root ren/o.

A) Bladder

B) Kidney

C) Gallbladder

D) Renal pelvis

E) Ureter

8) Translate the root vesic/o.

A) Bladder

B) Kidney

C) Gallbladder

D) Renal pelvis

E) Ureter

9) Identify and define the root in the medical term heminephrectomy.

A) hemi – half

B) nephr– kidney

C) nephr– bladder

D) ectomy– surgical removal

E) ectomy– surgical reconstruction

10) Identify and define the root in the medical term uremia.

A) ur – ureter

B) ur- urethra

C) ur- urine

D) emia blood condition

E) emia urine condition

11) Why does a urologist deal with both urinary tract problems and male genital problems?

A) Most specialists have dual functions.

B) The functions of the male reproductive system and the urinary system are similar.

C) The male reproductive system is not as complex as the female reproductive system, so a specialist in male anatomy is able to learn enough about both systems easily.

D) The male reproductive system shares structures with the urinary system.

E) None of these.

12) Which of the following statements is NOT true about the root prostat/o?

A) It breaks into pro (before) + state (stand).

B) It got its name because of its position in front of the urinary bladder.

C) It is an organ in the male reproductive tract.

D) It is an organ that surrounds the urethra.

E) All of these are true.

13) Which is NOT a root used to refer to the testicle?

A) balan/o

B) orch/o

C) orchi/o

D) orchid/o

E) test/o

14) Which is a root that refers to sperm?

A) balan/o

B) epididymo

C) orchid/o

D) sperm/i

E) test/o

15) Translate the root balan/o.

A) Bladder

B) Penis

C) Sperm

D) Testicle

E) Prostate

16) Identify and define the root in the medical term orchidotomy.

A) orchido – sperm

B) orchido- testicle

C) tom- cut

D) tomy- incision

E) y- procedure

17) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term cystoplegia?

A) cysto (bladder) + plegia (paralysis) = bladder paralysis

B) cysto (kidney) + plegia (paralysis) = kidney paralysis

C) cysto (opening) + plegia (paralysis) = paralysis of the opening between the kidney and ureter

D) cysto (opening) + plegia (paralysis) = paralysis of the opening between the bladder and urethra

E) cysto (opening) + plegia (paralysis) = paralysis of the opening between the ureter and bladder

18) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term urocyanosis?

A) uro (ureter) + cyan (blue) + osis (condition) = blue ureter (caused by insufficient blood flow)

B) uro (ureter) + cyan (red) + osis (condition) = red ureter (the normal appearance of the ureter)

C) uro (urine) + cyan (blue) + osis (condition) = blue urine

D) uro (urine) + cyan (red) + osis (condition) = red urine

E) uro (urine) + cyan (yellow) + osis (condition) = yellow urine

19) Translate the medical term orchidoptosis as literally as possible.

A) Discharge from the penis

B) Excessive sperm condition

C) Low sperm count

D) Testicle drooping condition

E) Testicle involuntary movement condition

20) Build a medical term that means "pain in the kidney."

A) Nephralgia

B) Nephritis

C) Nephroptosis

D) Nephrosclerosis

E) Nephrostomy

21) Build a medical term that means "painful urination."

A) Anuria

B) Enuresis

C) Hematuria

D) Oliguria

E) Urodynia

22) Which medical term means "involuntary urination"?

A) Anuria

B) Dysuria

C) Enuresis

D) Hematuria

E) Incontinence

23) Which medical term describes a persistent and painful erection?

A) Balanodynia

B) Enuresis

C) Fulguration

D) Orchialgia

E) Priapism

24) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term cystorrhexis?

A) cysto (bladder) + rrhexis (deficiency) = deficiency of the bladder

B) cysto (bladder) + rrhexis (excessive flow) = excessive flow from the bladder

C) cysto (bladder) + rrhexis (hernia) = hernia of the bladder

D) cysto (bladder) + rrhexis (puncture) = puncture of the bladder

E) cysto (bladder) + rrhexis (rupture) = rupture of the bladder

25) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term urethrostenosis?

A) urethro (urethra) + sten (hardening) + osis (condition) = hardening of the urethra (tube that connects the bladder to the outside world)

B) urethro (urethra) + sten (hardening) + osis (condition) = hardening of the urethra (tube that connects the kidney to the bladder)

C) urethro (urethra) + sten (narrowing) + osis (condition) = narrowing of the urethra (tube that connects the bladder to the outside world)

D) urethro (urethra) + sten (narrowing) + osis (condition) = narrowing of the urethra (tube that connects the kidney to the bladder)

E) urethro (urethra) + sten (softening) + osis (condition) = softening of the urethra (tube that connects the bladder to the outside world)

26) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term uropoiesis?

A) uro (urine) + poiesis (breakdown) = breakdown of urine

B) uro (urine) + poiesis (deficiency) = deficiency of urine

C) uro (urine) + poiesis (disease) = urine disease

D) uro (urine) + poiesis (excessive flow) = excessive flow of urine

E) uro (urine) + poiesis (formation) = formation of urine

27) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term uroxanthin?

A) uro (urine) + xanthin (blue) = blue urine

B) uro (urine) + xanthin (brown) = brown or tea-colored urine

C) uro (urine) + xanthin (clear) = clear urine

D) uro (urine) + xanthin (red) = red urine (indicates blood in the urine)

E) uro (urine) + xanthin (yellow) = substance in urine that makes it yellow

28) Translate the medical term ureterocele as literally as possible.

A) Ureter hernia

B) Ureter inflammation

C) Ureter pain

D) Ureter rupture

E) Ureter tumor

29) Translate the medical term anorchidism as literally as possible.

A) No sperm condition

B) No testicle condition

C) One sperm condition

D) One testicle condition

30) Translate the medical term aspermia as literally as possible.

A) No sperm condition

B) No testicle condition

C) One sperm condition

D) One testicle condition

31) Translate the medical term prostatolith.

A) Opening between urethra and the outside world

B) Stone in the opening between urethra and the outside world

C) Stone in the organ in the male reproductive tract that surrounds the urethra

D) Tumor in the organ in the male reproductive tract that surrounds the urethra

E) Unusual formation in the prostate

32) Translate the medical term spermatogenesis as literally as possible

A) Sperm creation

B) Sperm excess

C) Sperm living

D) Sperm loosening

E) Sperm poison

33) Which medical term means "kidney condition"?

A) Nephralgia

B) Nephrolithiasis

C) Nephropathy

D) Nephrosis

E) Nephrostomy

34) Build a medical term that means "an instrument for examining the opening of the urethra."

A) Meatoscope

B) Meatoscopy

C) Meatoureteroscopy

D) Ureteroscopy

E) Urethroscope

35) Build a medical term that means "image of the kidney blood vessel."

A) Nephrogram

B) Nephrosonography

C) Renal angiogram

D) Renal angiography

E) Renal arteriogram

36) Build a medical term that means "kidney specialist."

A) Nephrologist

B) Nephrology

C) Proctologist

D) Urologist

E) Urology

37) Which medical term means "creating thirst"?

A) Dipsogenic

B) Incontinence

C) Orchichorea

D) Polydipsia

E) Priapism

38) Which medical term refers to a type of testicular cancer arising from sperm-forming tissue?

A) Cryptorchidism

B) Seminoma

C) Spermatogenic

D) Spermolytic

E) Testitis

39) Which of the following statements is NOT true about the medical term azoturia?

A) It breaks into azot (nitrogen) + ur (urine) + ia (condition).

B) It can be determined by a urinalysis.

C) It refers to excess nitrogen in the urine.

D) The root azot comes from combining the two roots a (not) + zo (living), and was applied to nitrogen because things cannot live in it.

E) All of these are true

40) What is the function of the vas deferens?

A) Carries sperm from the testicles

B) Oblong organ this sits on top of each testicle

C) Organ that protects the urethra in the male urinary tract

D) Organ that surrounds the urethra in the male reproductive tract

E) Storage place for sperm

41) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term ureteropyelonephritis into its component parts?

A) ureteropyelonephr/itis

B) ureteropyelo/nephritis

C) uretero/pyelo/nephritis

D) uretero/pyelo/nephr/itis

E) ur/etero/pyelo/nephr/itis

42) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term vesicocele?

A) vesico (bladder) + cele (hernia)= hernia of the bladder

B) vesico (bladder) + cele (rupture)= rupture of the bladder

C) vesico (bladder) + cele (tumor)= tumor in the bladder

D) vesico (kidney vessel) + cele (hernia)= hernia of the vessels in the kidney

E) vesico (kidney vessel) + cele (rupture)= rupture of the vessels in the kidney

43) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pyonephrolithiasis?

A) pyo (kidney) + nephro (bladder) + lith (tumor) + iasis (presence) = presence of tumors in the kidney and bladder

B) pyo (pelvis) + nephro (bladder) + lith (stone) + iasis (presence) = presence of stones in the renal pelvis and bladder

C) pyo (pelvis) + nephro (kidney) + lith (stone) + iasis (presence) = presence of stones in the kidney and renal pelvis

D) pyo (pus) + nephro (kidney) + lith (stone) + iasis (presence) = presence of pus and stones in the kidney

E) pyo (pus) + nephro (kidney) + lith (tumor) + iasis (presence) = tumor made of pus in the kidney

44) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pyeloureterectasia?

A) pyelo (pus) + ureter (ureter) + ectasia (dilation) = dilation of the ureter due to pus

B) pyelo (pus) + ureter (ureter) + ectasia (narrowing) = narrowing of the ureter due to pus

C) pyelo (renal pelvis) + ureter (ureter) + ectasia (dilation) = dilation of the renal pelvis and ureter

D) pyelo (renal pelvis) + ureter (ureter) + ectasia (narrowing) = narrowing of the renal pelvis and ureter

45) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pyelocystostomosis?

A) pyelo (renal pelvis) + cysto (bladder) + stom (opening) + osis (disease) = disease where the opening between the renal pelvis and bladder has closed

B) pyelo (renal pelvis) + cysto (kidney) + stom (mouth) + osis (condition) = creation of an opening between the renal pelvis and kidney

C) pyelo (renal pelvis) + cysto (kidney) + stom (stomach) + osis (disease) = disease of the renal pelvis, kidney, and stomach

D) pyelo (renal pelvis) + cysto (bladder) + stom (mouth) + osis (condition) = creation of an opening between the renal pelvis and bladder

E) pyelo (renal pelvis) + cysto (bladder) + stom (stomach) + osis (condition) = condition of the urinary tract and stomach

46) Translate the medical term balanitis as literally as possible.

A) Bladder disease

B) Bladder inflammation

C) Kidney condition

D) Penis disease

E) Penis inflammation

47) Translate the medical term nephrohypertrophy as literally as possible.

A) "Bladder over nourishment condition" overdevelopment of the bladder

B) "Bladder under strength condition" weak bladder

C) "Kidney over nourishment condition" overdevelopment of the kidney

D) "Kidney under nourishment condition" underdevelopment of the kidney

E) "Kidney under strength condition" weak kidney

48) Translate the medical term cystourethrocele as literally as possible.

A) Blockage of the bladder and urethra (long tube that connects bladder to outside world)

B) Blockage of the bladder and urethra (tube that connects kidney to bladder)

C) Hernia of the bladder and urethra (long tube that connects bladder to outside world)

D) Hernia of the bladder and urethra (tube that connects kidney to bladder)

E) Rupture of the bladder and urethra (long tube that connects bladder to outside world)

49) Build a medical term that means "inflammation of the prostate and bladder."

A) Orchiepididymitis

B) Prostatocystitis

C) Prostatolithiasis

D) Prostatovesiculitis

E) Pyonephritis

50) Build a medical term that means "renal pelvis disease."

A) Nephrolithiasis

B) Nephropathy

C) Pyeloma

D) Pyelopathy

E) Renal ischemia

51) Build a medical term that means "a hardening of the blood vessels within the kidney that filter the blood."

A) Glomerulosclerosis

B) Meatal stenosis

C) Nephromalacia

D) Orchiepididymitis

E) Pyelonephritis

52) Build a medical term that means "downward displacement of the bladder."

A) Cystocele

B) Cystoma

C) Cytsoplegia

D) Cystoptosis

E) Cystorrhexis

53) What is the medical term used to describe the deficiency of blood in a kidney?

A) Nephrolithiasis

B) Nephrosclerosis

C) Renal cell carcinoma

D) Renal failure

E) Renal ischemia

54) Which of the following does NOT mean inflammation of the testicle?

A) Orchiditis

B) Orchitis

C) Testitis

D) Vesiculitis

E) All of these mean an inflammation of the testicle.

55) Which of the following statements is NOT true about the medical term hypernephroma?

A) It breaks into hyper (over) + nephr (kidney) + oma (tumor).

B) It is a cancer of the kidneys.

C) It is a disease of the kidneys characterized by the formation of many fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys.

D) It is a form of nephropathy.

E) It is another name for renal cell carcinoma.

56) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term heminephroureterectomy into its component parts?

A) hemi/nephroureterectomy

B) heminephroureter/ectomy

C) hemi/nephroureter/ectomy

D) hemi/nephro/ureter/ectomy

E) hemi/nephro/ure/terec/tom/y

57) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term laparonephrectomy?

A) laparo (surgical instrument) + nephr (bladder) + ectomy (incision) = use of a surgical instrument to make an incision into a bladder

B) laparo (surgical instrument) + nephr (kidney) + ectomy (incision) = use of a surgical instrument to make an incision into a kidney

C) laparo (abdomen) + nephr (bladder) + ectomy (removal) = surgical removal of a bladder through the abdomen

D) laparo (abdomen) + nephr (kidney) + ectomy (removal) = surgical removal of a kidney through the abdomen

58) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term meatorrhaphy?

A) meato (opening) + rrhaphy (binding) = binding of the opening of the urethra

B) meato (opening) + rrhaphy (fixation) = surgical fixation of the opening of the urethra

C) meato (opening) + rrhaphy (puncture) = puncture of the opening of the urethra

D) meato (opening) + rrhaphy (rupture) = rupture of the opening of the urethra

E) meato (opening) + rrhaphy (suture) = suture of the opening of the urethra

59) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term nephropexy?

A) nephro (kidney) + pexy (binding) = binding of a kidney

B) nephro (kidney) + pexy (fixation) = surgical fixation of a kidney

C) nephro (kidney) + pexy (puncture) = puncture of a kidney

D) nephro (kidney) + pexy (rupture) = rupture of a kidney

E) nephro (kidney) + pexy (suture) = suture of a kidney

60) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pyeloplasty?

A) pyelo (bladder) + plasty (incision) = incision into the bladder

B) pyelo (bladder) + plasty (reconstruction) = surgical reconstruction of the bladder

C) pyelo (pelvis) + plasty (incision) = incision into the renal pelvis

D) pyelo (pelvis) + plasty (reconstruction) = surgical reconstruction of the renal pelvis

E) pyelo (pelvis) + plasty (removal) = removal of the renal pelvis

61) Translate the medical term nephrotoxin as literally as possible.

A) Kidney agent

B) Kidney death

C) Kidney loose agent

D) Kidney poison

E) Kidney stone

62) Translate the medical term renal angioplasty.

A) Image of a kidney artery

B) Image of a kidney blood vessel

C) Surgical reconstruction of a kidney blood vessel

D) Surgical reconstruction of the renal pelvis

E) Surgical removal of a kidney stone

63) Translate the medical term vesicotomy.

A) Catheterization of the bladder

B) Incision into the bladder

C) Opening of the bladder

D) Puncture of the bladder

E) Suture of the bladder

64) Translate the medical term orchioplasty as literally as possible.

A) Incision into the penis

B) Removal of a testicle

C) Removal of the seminal vesicles

D) Surgical reconstruction of a testicle

E) Surgical reconstruction of the penis

65) Build a medical term that means "creation of an opening in the bladder."

A) Cystectomy

B) Cystocele

C) Cystogram

D) Cystorrexis

E) Cystostomy

66) Build a medical term that means "opening of a passageway between a kidney and a bladder."

A) Cystostomy

B) Cystourethrocele

C) Lithocystotomy

D) Nephrocystanastomosis

E) Pyelocystostomosis

67) Build a medical term that means "surgical removal a kidney and ureter."

A) Heminephrectomy

B) Heminephroureterectomy

C) Laparonephrectomy

D) Nephrocystanastomosis

E) Nephroureterectomy

68) Which term refers to the use of electric current to destroy tissue?

A) Dialysis

B) Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

C) Fulguration

D) Intracorporeal lithotripsy

E) Ultrasound

69) The surgical removal of the prostate and seminal vesicles is called:

A) orchidectomy.

B) orchiepididymitis.

C) prostatolithotomy.

D) prostatovesiculectomy.

E) prostatovesiculitis.

70) Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the medical term kidney dialysis?

A) It breaks into kidney dia (through) + lysis (loosen, break down).

B) It is also known as hemodialysis.

C) It refers to the procedure for removing wastes from the blood.

D) The name comes from the fact that the procedure separates or "loosens" blood from waste by passing it through an external filter.

E) All of these are true.

71) Which of the following statements is NOT true about the abbreviation ESWL?

A) It breaks into extra (inside) + corpore (body) + eal (pertaining to) + shock + wave + litho (stone) + tripsy (wear down procedure).

B) It involves the breakdown of kidney stones.

C) It is a type of urinary tract treatment.

D) It stands for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

E) It uses sound waves generated outside the body.

72) The procedure for removing waste from the bloodstream is abbreviated:

A) BUN.

B) ESWL.

C) HD.

D) KUB.

E) VUR.

73) What is the correct breakdown and translation of the abbreviation IVP?

A) intra (inside) + ven (vein) + ous (pertaining to) + pyelo (bladder) + gram (record) = image of the bladder by injecting contrast dye into the veins

B) intra (inside) + ven (vein) + ous (pertaining to) + pyelo (renal pelvis) + gram (record) = image of the urinary system through the injection of a contrast dye into the veins

C) intra (outside) + ven (vein) + ous (pertaining to) + pyelo (bladder) + gram (record) = image of the bladder by injecting contrast dye into the bladder

D) intra (outside) + ven (vein) + ous (pertaining to) + pyelo (renal pelvis) + gram (record) = image of the urinary system through the injection of a contrast dye into the renal pelvis

E) intra (through) + ven (vein) + ous (pertaining to) + pyelo (renal pelvis) + gram (record) = image of the urinary system through the injection of a contrast dye into the renal pelvis

74) What is the abbreviation used by medical professionals to refer to the kidneys, ureters, and bladder?

A) I&O

B) KUB

C) NUC

D) RP

E) UTI

75) Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the abbreviation SUI?

A) It can affect both men and women.

B) It is a loss of bladder control caused by the application of external pressure.

C) It is the medical term for loss of bladder control due to excessive laughing, a hard cough, or similar motion.

D) It stands for stress urinary incontinence.

E) All of these are true.

76) What is the correct translation and definition of the abbreviation RP?

A) Renal pelvis, the holding area for urine before the body eliminates it through urination

B) Renal pelvis, the holding area for waste within the kidneys

C) Renal problem, a problem with the kidney

D) Retrograde pyelogram, image of the renal pelvis produced by injecting a contrast dye from the bladder to the kidney

77) Which of the following is NOT true about the abbreviation BPH?

A) It breaks into benign (friendly) + prostate +hyper (over) + plas (formation) +ia(condition).

B) It can affect both men and women.

C) It is also called an enlarged prostate or benign prostate hypertrophy.

D) It means a noncancerous overdevelopment of the prostate.

E) It stands for benign prostate hyperplasia but is also known as benign prostate hypertrophy.

78) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

  HPI: Mr. Johnson is a 57-year-old male with a 2-month history of difficulty voiding. He reports urgency and frequency. He has had increasing problems with a weak urinary stream. The symptoms have progressed to include mild abdominal discomfort and erectile dysfunction. He denies any incontinence, hematuria, balanorrhea, orchiodynia, or trauma. He has not tried any medicines at this point.

Which of the following is a symptom reported by the patient?

A) Blood in the urine

B) Difficulty urinating

C) Discharge from the penis

D) Inability to control urination

E) Testicle pain

79) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

  PMHx: Hypercholesterolemia—currently controlled with diet. Positive history of gonococcal urethritis 3 years previously. No history of urolithiasis.

Which of the following definitions is part of the patient's past medical history?

A) An infection of the urethra causing inflammation by a gonococcal organism and urinary stones in his urinary system

B) Excessive cholesterol in the blood and an infection of the urethra causing inflammation by a gonococcal organism

C) Low blood cholesterol and discharge from the gonads

D) Urinary stones in his urinary system as well as excessive cholesterol in the urine

80) Read the health record information found below:

Abd: Mild distention. Fullness and discomfort of suprapubic area.

Neuro: Normal reflexes and strength of the lower extremities, normal sphincter tone.

Gross appearance of penis: No meatal stenosis, easily retractable foreskin, no penile ulcers.

DRE: Enlarged prostate of 3 finger breadths. No prostatorrhea.

Labs: Elevated PSA. UA normal. UCx negative. BMP normal.

Which of the following statements is NOT true, given the health record information?

A) The opening of the patient's urethra is small (narrow).

B) The patient did not have any discharge from the prostate.

C) The patient exhibited symptoms of benign prostate hyperplasia or benign prostate hypertrophy.

D) The patient had a digital rectal exam, an examination of the prostate using a finger inserted into the rectum.

E) The patient has elevated prostate-specific antigen.

81) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the underlined term below?

Imaging:

Transabdominal ultrasound revealed significant postvoid residual. Consistent with bladder outlet obstruction.

Cystoscopy to r/o urethral stricture was normal.

A) cysto (bladder) + scopy (looking procedure) = process for examining the bladder

B) cysto (bladder) + scopy (recording procedure) = process for recording/imaging the bladder

C) cysto (kidney) + scopy (looking procedure) = process for examining the kidney

D) cysto (kidney) + scopy (recording procedure) = process for recording/imaging the kidney

82) Dr. Jonas Wallin stated "that Mr. Johnson has benign prostate hyperplasia."  What is NOT true about this assessment?

A) Mr. Johnson also has benign prostate hypertrophy.

B) Mr. Johnson has a noncancerous overdevelopment of the prostate.

C) Mr. Johnson has an enlarged prostate.

D) Mr. Johnson will have to have his prostate removed.

E) The diagnosis benign prostate hyperplasia breaks into benign (friendly) + prostate +hyper (over) + plas (formation) + ia(condition).

83) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

Plan:

We will be starting initial treatment: fluid intake restriction and medicine. I explained to Mr. Johnson that if he fails this therapy, the next step would be surgical. There are several options available. I discussed these options, including TURP versus open prostatectomy versus transurethral incision of prostate (TUIP). Mr. Johnson will return to my clinic for follow-up in 6 weeks.

Which of the following is NOT a surgical option presented to the patient?

A) Procedure creating incisions in the prostate using an instrument inserted in the urethra that generates electric current or a laser beam

B) Procedure removing all or part of the prostate by the insertion of a resectoscope into the urethra

C) Surgical removal of the prostate and seminal vesicles

D) Surgical removal of the prostate

E) Transurethral resection of the prostate

84) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

Subjective:

Mr. Hector Joules presents to the office today for swelling in his right testicle. The swelling has been present for the past month. He reports orchialgia, described as a dull ache in the testicle. He also has had a feeling of heaviness in his abdomen. He has not had any recent injury to the area. He denies risky sexual behavior, urethrorrhea, dysuria, nocturia, or polyuria.

Which symptom is exhibited by Mr. Joules?

A) Discharge from the urethra

B) Nighttime urination

C) Pain in the testicle

D) Painful urination

E) All of these

85) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

PMHx: Cryptorchidism as a child.

PSHx: Orchidopexy at 4 years.

Which of the following statements is true, given the health record information?

A) The patient had a hidden testicle as a child and it was surgically fixed when he was 4.

B) The patient had a hidden testicle as a child and it was surgically reconstructed when he was 4.

C) The patient had a hidden testicle as a child and it was surgically removed when he was 4.

D) The patient had an extra testicle as a child and it was surgically fixed when he was 4.

E) The patient had an extra testicle as a child and it was surgically removed when he was 4.

86) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

Assessment:

This is a 24-year-old male with a right-sided testicular mass. Given the u/s results, this is most likely testicular carcinoma. The differential diagnosis also includes epididymitis, testicular torsion, hydrocele, spermatocele, and varicocele.

Which of the following statements is NOT part of this patient's differential diagnosis, given this information?

A) Fluid-filled mass in the testicle

B) Hernia or distention of the epididymis caused by sperm cells

C) Inflammation of the organ that sits on top of each testicle and stores sperm

D) Overexpansion of the blood vessels of the testicles, leading to a soft tumor

E) Tumor in the organ that stores sperm

87) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

Plan:

Since there is significant risk for cancer, we will schedule Mr. Joules for a radical orchidectomy. We will send samples to Pathology to confirm the diagnosis and staging. I outlined the general treatment and follow-up plan with Mr. Joules. Today, we will check a sperm count to establish a baseline, as azoospermia and oligospermia are risks of surgery.

Which of the following statements is NOT true, given the health record information?

A) A low sperm count is a risk for surgery.

B) If the patient lacks living sperm, this is a risk for surgery.

C) The patient is at significant risk for testicular cancer.

D) The patient will be scheduled to have his testicle removed.

E) The patient will undergo a spermatolysis.

88) What is the correct breakdown and translation of the term underlined below?

Patient: Susan Nesbit

Date of Admission: 7/7/2015

Date of Discharge: 7/17/2015

Admission Diagnosis

1. Dysuria

2. Fever

Discharge Diagnosis

1. Pyelonephritis

2. Perinephric Abscess

Discharge Condition:

Stable

Consultations

Nephrology

Urology

A) pyelo (pelvis) + nephr (bladder) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the bladder and renal pelvis

B) pyelo (pelvis) + nephr (kidney) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis

C) pyelo (many) + nephr (kidney) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of both kidneys

D) pyelo (pus) + nephr (bladder) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the bladder caused by pus

E) pyelo (pus) + nephr (kidney) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the kidney caused by pus

89) What are the correct translations of the underlined words in the health record below?

Imaging

VCUG: No VUR noted.

RUS: No hydronephrosis noted. Normal.

Spiral CT of kidneys on day 3 of admission revealed perinephric abscess formation of the left kidney.

A) VCUG: visual cystourethrogram (procedure for looking at the bladder and urethra); VUR: vesicoureteral reflux (abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back through the urethra) hydronephrosis - bladder condition caused by the obstruction of urine flow

B) VCUG: visual cystourethrogram (procedure for looking at the bladder and urethra); VUR: vesicoureteral reflux (abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back through the urethra) hydronephrosis - kidney condition caused by the obstruction of urine flow

C) VCUG: voiding cystourethrogram (imaging procedure of the bladder and urethra produced during urination); VUR: vesicoureteral reflux (abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters) hydronephrosis - bladder condition caused by the obstruction of urine flow

D) VCUG: voiding cystourethrogram (imaging procedure of the bladder and urethra produced during urination); VUR: vesicoureteral reflux (abnormal flow of urine from the kidneys back into the ureters) hydronephrosis - bladder condition caused by the obstruction of urine flow

E) VCUG: voiding cystourethrogram (imaging procedure of the bladder and urethra produced during urination); VUR: vesicoureteral reflux (abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters) hydronephrosis - kidney condition caused by the obstruction of urine flow

90) Read the health record information found below:

HPI

Miss Susan Nesbit is a 12-year-old female who first visited her primary care provider for dysuria. A UA was ordered, but the patient could not urinate in the office. She took the UA cup home but did not return with the sample. The next day, Susan's dysuria worsened, and she developed a fever of 102.3°F, as well as vomiting and hematuria, so she returned to the clinic. A urinalysis performed in the office revealed significant pyuria, hematuria, and albuminuria. Since Susan was not able to keep any fluids down, her primary care provider sent her to the emergency department for evaluation for admission.

Which of the following statements is NOT true, given this information?

A) During the second office visit, a UA revealed pus, blood, and protein in the patient's urine.

B) The patient became febrile.

C) The patient first visited her PCP for painful urination.

D) The patient initially could not complete a urinalysis at the office.

E) The patient was experiencing polyuria.

91) Read the health record information below:

Hospital Course

On arrival to the ED, Susan was alert and oriented, but she looked a little pale and tired. She was treated with IVF for dehydration and given antipyretics for her fever. Within an hour, she had improved some, but given her inability to tolerate PO, the pediatric on-call physician recommended that she be admitted. She was admitted for a UTI and treated with IV antibiotics, and a urine culture was sent. On hospital day 2, her fever had improved, and she was looking better overall. Unfortunately, on hospital day 3, Susan's fever returned, and she looked acutely ill.

According to the health record information, for what was the patient admitted to the hospital?

A) Dehydration

B) Fever

C) Inability to take anything by mouth

D) Lethargy

E) Urinary tract infection

92) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

Chief Complaint: Hematuria. 

History of Present Illness: Doug Harper is a 5-year-old boy with a 2-day history of gross hematuria. Doug's parents noted that Doug had had oliguria the past 2 days and had very dark, tea-colored urine. They took Doug to his primary care provider, Nelda Lopez, NP. Ms. Lopez performed a urinalysis, and the results showed hematuria and albuminuria. She also noted Doug had periorbital edema and that he was hypertensive in the office. The parents report that Doug had a recent throat infection (last week) that resolved on its own.

Which of the following statements is NOT true, given this information?

A) The analysis of the patient's urine revealed blood and protein present in the urine.

B) The patient has no other contributing symptoms.

C) The patient has not had a lot of urine for two days.

D) The patient's PCP ordered and performed a UA.

E) The primary concern is that there is a lot of blood in the patient's urine.

93) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

Review of Systems: Positive for nausea, but no emesis. Otherwise negative.

Medications: None.

Allergies: No known drug allergies.

Past Medical History: Noncontributory.

Past Surgical History: Balanoplasty for hypospadias at age 1.

Social History: Doug lives with his parents and older sister. He is going into kindergarten in the fall.

Family History: Paternal grandfather with polycystic kidney disease.   

Which of the following statements is NOT true, given this information?

A) The patient had his penis reconstruction when he was a child for a birth defect in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside, instead of the end, of the penis.

B) The patient is a male.

C) The patient's grandfather has PKD.

D) The patient's past medical history is important for the current urology consult.

E) There is a family history of a disease characterized by the formation of many fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys.

94) Read this patient's physical exam and lab work:

Physical Exam

General: WDWN. Nontoxic. NAD.

Head: PERRLA. EOMI bilaterally. Periorbital edema. No erthyma. No proptosis. Mucous membranes moist and pink. TMs normal.

Cardiovascular: Regular in rate and rhythm without murmurs, gallop, or rubs. No jvd.

Respiratory: Clear to auscultation.

Abdomen: Soft, nontender, nondistended, no hepatosplenomegaly. No CVA tenderness.

Neurologic: Alert, oriented.

Skin: Pink, warm.

Extremities: Edema of feet. Dorsal pedal pulses present.

Labs: Elevated BUN and creatinine. Hypocomplementemia. Antistreptolysin O and antiDNAase B.

Imaging: None.

According to this information, which of the following statements is true?

A) The patient has a fast heartbeat.

B) The patient has a blue tint to his skin.

C) The patient has an elevated level of blood urea nitrogen.

D) The patient looks ill.

E) The patient's liver and spleen are enlarged.

95) Read the health record information found below:

ASSESSMENT

Hematuria/albuminuria: Doug clearly has a nephropathy. The differential diagnosis includes post streptococcal glomerulonephritis, basement membrane disease, lupus nephritis, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Since he had a recent throat infection, post streptococcal glomerulonephritis is the most likely cause. We will wait for the labs to confirm a recent strep infection.

Given this information, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A) The patient clearly has a disease of his kidneys and the author of the health record believes the main cause is from a strep infection, but the lab results are pending.

B) The patient has blood in his urine.

C) The patient has excessive protein in his blood.

D) The patient has inflammation of the kidney caused by systemic lupus erythematosus, a disease of the immune system.

E) The patient may have inflammation of the kidneys involving primarily the glomeruli.

96) What is the correct breakdown and translation for the bolded term in the health record below?

PLAN 

Hypertension, edema: We will begin Doug on diuretics and fluid restriction, as well as a low-sodium diet.

A) di (both) + uret (ureter) + ic (agent) = agent that causes urination by stimulating the ureters

B) di (both) + uret (ureter) + ic (pertaining to) = pertaining to the ureters

C) di (through) + ure (urine) + tic (agent) = agent that causes urination

D) di (through) + ure (urine) + tic (pertaining to) = pertaining to urination

E) di (through) + uret (urethra) + ic (agent) = agent that causes urination by relaxing the muscles surrounding the urethra