Ch9 Test Bank Answers The Cardiovascular System — Cardiology

Acquiring Medical Language, 2e (Jones)

Chapter 9 The Cardiovascular System — Cardiology

1) Which statement is NOT true about a heart valve?

A) The common root is valvul/o.

B) The heart has four valves.

C) The purpose of heart valves is to prevent blood from flowing backward.

D) All of these are true.

2) Which statement is true about the root sept/o?

A) It stands for "septum," comes from a combination of terms that means "little stomach," and refers to the lower portion of each side of the heart.

B) It stands for "septum," comes from a Latin word meaning "partition or dividing structure," and can refer to any wall dividing two cavities.

C) It stands for "septum," comes from a Roman architectural term referring to the large open area in most Roman houses and refers to the upper portion of each side of the heart.

D) It stands for "septum," comes from the root meaning "jar" or "pitcher" in Latin and refers to the intersection of the blood vessels and the heart.

E) None of these.

3) Which root literally means "crown," and refers to the way the blood vessels that supply the heart descend and support the heart like a crown?

A) angi/o

B) arteri/o

C) cardi/o

D) coron/o

E) phleb/o

4) Which is NOT a root used to refer to vessels?

A) angi/o

B) arteri/o

C) vas/o

D) vascul/o

E) All of these refer to vessels.

5) Translate the root phleb/o.

A) Artery

B) Fatty plaque

C) Valve

D) Vein

E) Vessel

6) Translate the root ather/o.

A) Artery

B) Atrium

C) Clot

D) Fatty plaque

E) Vessel

7) Identify and define the root in the medical term venospasm.

A) veno vessel

B) veno vein

C) spasm dilation

D) spasm involuntary contraction

8) Identify and define the root in the medical term aortolith.

A) aorto aorta

B) aorto artery

C) lith hardening

D) lith stone

9) Identify and define the root in the medical term arteriosclerosis.

A) ar before

B) arterio artery

C) scler hard

D) osis condition

E) is condition

10) What is the correct pronunciation of the medical term venogram?

A) VAI-noh-gram

B) VAI-nuh-gram

C) VEE-noh-gram

D) VUH-nuh-gram

11) What is the correct pronunciation of the medical term phlebology?

A) fleb-AW-loh-jee

B) fleb-OH-luh-jee

C) pleb-AW-loh-gee

D) puh-leb-OH-luh-gee

12) Oppressive pain in the chest caused by irregular blood flow to the heart is called:

A) angina pectoris.

B) diaphoresis.

C) hemorrhage.

D) hypotension.

E) palpitation.

13) Which of the following terms does NOT refer to an irregular heartbeat?

A) Angina pectoris

B) Arrhythmia

C) Dysrhythmia

D) Palpitation

E) All of these refer to an irregular heartbeat.

14) Identify the correct definition for diaphoresis.

A) Loss of blood

B) Oppressive pain in the chest caused by irregular blood flow to the heart

C) Pain in a vein

D) Profuse sweating

E) Rapid or irregular beating of the heart

15) Translate the term phlebalgia as literally as possible.

A) Chest pain

B) Heart pain

C) Vein pain

D) Ventricle pain

E) Vessel pain

16) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term pectoralgia into its component parts?

A) pector/algia

B) pec/tor/algia

C) pec/tor/alg/ia

D) pec/to/ralgi/a

E) pec/tor/al/gi/a

17) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term aortalgia?

A) aort (aorta) + algia (condition) = condition in the aorta

B) aort (aorta) + algia (dilation) = dilation of the aorta

C) aort (aorta) + algia (disease) = disease in the aorta

D) aort (aorta) + algia (inflammation) = inflammation of the aorta

E) aort (aorta) + algia (pain) = pain in the aorta

18) Which medical term means a loss of blood?

A) Hemoglobin

B) Hemolysis

C) Hemophilia

D) Hemorrhage

E) Hemostatic

19) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term epicardium into its component parts?

A) epi/cardium

B) epicardi/um

C) epi/card/ium

D) e/picar/dium

E) e/pi/cardi/um

20) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term endocardium?

A) endo (around) + card (heart) + ium (tissue) = tissue around the heart

B) endo (outside) + card (heart) + ium (tissue) = tissue lining the outside of the heart

C) endo (through) + card (heart) + ium (tissue) = heart tissue

D) endo (upon) + card (heart) + ium (tissue) = tissue upon the heart

E) endo (inside) + card (heart) + ium (tissue) = tissue lining the inside of the heart

21) Which medical term means "tissue around the heart"?

A) Endocardium

B) Epicardium

C) Myocardium

D) Pericardium

22) Translate the term myocardium as literally as possible.

A) Heart muscle tissue

B) Tissue around the heart

C) Tissue lining the outside of the heart

D) Tissue upon the heart

E) Tissue lining the inside of the heart

23) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term angiogenesis?

A) angio (aorta) + genesis (creation) = development of the aorta

B) angio (artery) + genesis (creation) = development of arteries

C) angio (valve) + genesis (creation) = development of heart valves

D) angio (vein) + genesis (creation) = development of veins

E) angio (vessel) + genesis (creation) = development of blood vessels

24) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term phlebosclerosis?

A) phleboscler/osis

B) phle/bosclerosis

C) phlebo/scler/osis

D) phle/boscle/ros/is

E) phleb/o/scler/o/sis

25) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term aortectasia?

A) aort (aorta) + ectasia (condition) = condition of the aorta

B) aort (aorta) + ectasia (dilation) = dilation of the aorta

C) aort (aorta) + ectasia (formation) = formation of the aorta

D) aort (aorta) + ectasia (hardening) = hardening of the aorta

E) aort (aorta) + ectasia (softening) = softening of the aorta

26) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term aortogram?

A) aorto (aorta) + gram (instrument to look) = instrument used to look at the aorta

B) aorto (aorta) + gram (instrument) = instrument used to make a record of the aorta

C) aorto (aorta) + gram (process of looking) = process of looking at the aorta

D) aorto (aorta) + gram (record) = record of the aorta

E) aorto (aorta) + gram (specialist) = specialist in the aorta

27) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term angiography?

A) angio (aorta) + graphy (looking procedure) = procedure to look at the aorta

B) angio (artery) + graphy (looking procedure) = procedure to look at the arteries

C) angio (blood) + graphy (recording procedure) = procedure to record the blood

D) angio (vein) + graphy (writing procedure) = procedure to describe the veins

E) angio (vessel) + graphy (writing procedure) = procedure to describe the blood vessels

28) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term arteriogram?

A) arterio (aorta) + gram (instrument to look) = instrument used to look at the aorta

B) arterio (artery) + gram (record) = record of an artery

C) arterio (fatty plaque) + gram (process of looking) = process of looking at fatty plaques

D) arterio (vein) + gram (process of recording) = process of recording the vein

E) arterio (vessel) + gram (instrument to record) = instrument to record a vessel

29) Translate the medical term angiosclerosis as literally as possible.

A) Blood vessel condition

B) Blood vessel disease

C) Involuntary contraction of a blood vessel

D) Hardening of a blood vessel

E) Softening of a blood vessel

30) Translate the medical term vasospasm as literally as possible.

A) Blood vessel condition

B) Blood vessel disease

C) Involuntary contraction of a blood vessel

D) Hardening of a blood vessel

E) Softening of a blood vessel

31) Translate the medical term phlebotomy as literally as possible.

A) "Vein incision procedure" the technical term for "bloodletting"

B) "Vein incision procedure" the technical term for drawing blood

C) "Vein specialist" one who draws blood

D) "Vein specialist" specialist in veins

E) Study of veins

32) Which medical term means "vessel formation"?

A) Angioedema

B) Angiolith

C) Angioma

D) Angioplasty

E) Angiopoiesis

33) Which medical term means "artery rupture"?

A) Arteriopathy

B) Arteriorrhaphy

C) Arteriorrhexis

D) Arteriosclerosis

E) Arteritis

34) Which medical term means "vein incision specialist," and refers to a person who draws blood?

A) Angiogram

B) Cardiologist

C) Phlebologist

D) Phlebotomist

E) Venosclerosis

35) Which term describes a stone forming in the wall of a blood vessel?

A) Angiolith

B) Aortolith

C) Arteriolith

D) Embolus

E) Occlusion

36) Which term describes a hardening of an artery due to build-up of fatty plaque?

A) Arteriosclerosis

B) Atherosclerosis

C) Embolus

D) Occlusion

E) Thrombus

37) The narrowing of the aorta is known as:

A) aortalgia.

B) aortectasia.

C) aortic stenosis.

D) aortolith.

E) aortorrhaphy.

38) The closing or blockage of a passage is called:

A) arteriorrhexis.

B) embolus.

C) occlusion.

D) thrombus.

E) venosclerosis.

39) A murmur is:

A) a gurgling sound in the chest.

B) an abnormal heart sound.

C) an irregular heartbeat.

D) an irregular pulse.

E) all of these.

40) The superior vena cava is:

A) a large-diameter vein that gathers blood from the lower portion of the body and returns it to the heart.

B) a large-diameter vein that gathers blood from the upper portion of the body and returns it to the heart.

C) an enlarged, dilated vein toward the surface of the skin.

D) the lower portion of each side of the heart.

E) the main artery leaving the heart and distributing oxygenated blood throughout the body.

41) A varicose vein is:

A) a large-diameter vein that gathers blood from the lower portion of the body and returns it to the heart.

B) a large-diameter vein that gathers blood from the upper portion of the body and returns it to the heart.

C) an enlarged, dilated vein toward the surface of the skin.

D) the lower portion of each side of the heart.

E) the main artery leaving the heart and distributing oxygenated blood throughout the body.

42) Circulation is the moving of blood from the heart through the vessels and back to the heart. Circulation of blood from the heart to the rest of the body is called:

A) coronary circulation.

B) diastolic pressure.

C) pulmonary circulation.

D) systemic circulation.

E) systolic pressure.

43) Which statement is NOT true about venostasis?

A) It breaks into veno (vein) + stasis (standing).

B) It is sometimes called arteriosclerosis.

C) It is sometimes called phlebostasis.

D) It means the trapping of blood in an extremity due to compression.

E) The name refers to the fact that the blood is standing still and not moving.

44) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term angiocarditis into its component parts?

A) angio/carditis

B) angiocard/itis

C) angio/card/itis

D) an/gio/card/itis

E) an/gio/card/it/is

45) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term coronary thrombosis?

A) coron (circulation) + ary (pertaining to) + thromb (clot) + osis (condition) = obstruction of a coronary artery by a clot

B) coron (circulation) + ary (pertaining to) + thromb (fatty plaque) + osis (condition) = obstruction of a coronary artery by a fatty plaque

C) coron (heart) + ary (pertaining to) + thromb (clot) + osis (condition) = obstruction of a coronary artery by a clot

D) coron (heart) + ary (pertaining to) + thromb (fatty plaque) + osis (condition) = obstruction of a coronary artery by a fatty plaque

46) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pericarditis?

A) peri (around) + card (heart) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the tissue around the heart

B) peri (inside) + card (heart) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the tissue inside the heart

C) peri (through) + card (heart) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of heart tissue

D) peri (upon) + card (heart) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the tissue upon the heart

E) peri (upper) + card (heart) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the tissue of the upper portion of the heart

47) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term arteriopathy?

A) arterio (artery) + pathy (blockage) = blockage of the arteries

B) arterio (artery) + pathy (condition) = condition of the arteries

C) arterio (artery) + pathy (disease) = disease of the arteries

D) arterio (artery) + pathy (pertaining to) = pertaining to the arteries

E) arterio (artery) + pathy (tumor) = tumor of the arteries

48) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term thrombophlebitis?

A) thrombo (clot) + phleb (vein) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the vein caused by a clot

B) thrombo (clot) + phleb (vessel) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the vessel caused by a clot

C) thrombo (fatty plaque) + phleb (vein) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the vein caused by a fatty plaque

D) thrombo (fatty plaque) + phleb (vessel) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the vessel caused by a fatty plaque

49) Translate the term myocarditis.

A) Blockage of blood to the heart muscle

B) Blockage of the heart

C) Inflammation of the heart muscle

D) Inflammation of the tissue around the heart

E) Inflammation of the tissue lining the inside of the heart

50) Translate the term angioedema as literally as possible.

A) Vein constriction

B) Vein tumor

C) Vessel blockage

D) Vessel shrinking

E) Vessel swelling

51) Translate the term angioma as literally as possible.

A) Artery condition

B) Vein blockage

C) Vein tumor

D) Vessel disease

E) Vessel tumor

52) Which medical term means "inflammation of a heart valve"?

A) Atritis

B) Carditis

C) Valvulitis

D) Vasculitis

E) Ventriculitis

53) Which medical term means "narrowing of the veins"?

A) Phlebosclerosis

B) Phlebostenosis

C) Vasodilator

D) Venosclerosis

E) Venostasis

54) Which medical term means "inflammation of the blood vessels"?

A) Atritis

B) Carditis

C) Valvulitis

D) Vasculitis

E) Ventriculitis

55) What is the medical term that describes a blockage of blood to the heart muscle?

A) Aortic regurgitation

B) Cardiomyopathy

C) Congestive heart failure

D) Myocardial infarction

E) Myocardial ischemia

56) Flow of blood backward from the aorta into the heart, caused by a weak heart valve, and is called:

A) aortic regurgitation.

B) myocardial infarction.

C) myocardial ischemia.

D) valvulitis.

E) ventricular septal defect.

57) Which of the following statements is true about the term hypotension?

A) It breaks into hypo (under) + tens (stretch) + ion (condition).

B) It means a person has low blood pressure.

C) The force exerted by blood on the walls of blood vessels is not normal.

D) All of these are true.

E) None of these are true.

58) Which of the following statements is NOT true about the term hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

A) It breaks into hyper (over) + troph (developed) + ic (pertaining to) cardiomyopathy.

B) It is a condition where the blood flow is blocked.

C) It is a disease of the heart muscle.

D) It is also called dilated cardiomyopathy.

E) It is caused by enlarged heart muscle.

59) A bulge in a blood vessel is called a(n):

A) aneurysm.

B) angioedema.

C) arteriopathy.

D) embolus.

E) thrombus.

60) A deep vein thrombosis is:

A) an enlarged, dilated vein toward the surface of the skin.

B) a blood clot.

C) the formation of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body, most commonly the leg.

D) inflammation of a vein caused by a clot.

E) a mass of matter present in the blood.

61) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term antiarrhythmic into its component parts?

A) anti/arrhythmic

B) antiarrhythm/ic

C) anti/arrhythm/ic

D) anti/a/rrhythm/ic

E) anti/ar/rhy/thmic

62) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term endarterectomy into its component parts?

A) end/arterectomy

B) endarter/ectomy

C) end/arterec/tomy

D) end/arter/ectomy

E) end/art/er/ec/tom/y

63) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term anticoagulant?

A) anti (against) + coagul (clot) + ant (agent) = drug that opposes the clotting of the blood

B) anti (against) + coagul (coagulation) + ant (agent) = drug that opposes the coagulation of the blood

C) anti (assist) + coagul (clot) + ant (agent) = drug that aids in the clotting of the blood

D) anti (assist) + coagul (coagulation) + ant (agent) = drug that aids in the coagulation of the blood

64) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pericardiocentesis?

A) peri (around) + cardio (heart) + centesis (puncture) = puncture of the tissue around the heart

B) peri (around) + cardio (heart) + centesis (suture) = suture of the tissue around the heart

C) peri (inside) + cardio (heart) + centesis (puncture) = puncture of the tissue inside the heart

D) peri (inside) + cardio (heart) + centesis (suture) = suture of the tissue inside the heart

E) peri (upon) + cardio (heart) + centesis (puncture) = puncture of the tissue upon the heart

65) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term valvuloplasty?

A) valvulo (valve) + plasty (incision) = incision into a valve

B) valvulo (valve) + plasty (puncture) = puncture of a valve

C) valvulo (valve) + plasty (reconstruction) = reconstruction of a valve

D) valvulo (valve) + plasty (removal) = removal of a valve

E) valvulo (valve) + plasty (suture) = suture of a valve

66) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term angiorrhaphy?

A) angio (artery) + rrhaphy (inscision) = incision into an artery

B) angio (atrium) + rrhaphy (puncture) = puncture of the atrium

C) angio (valve) + rrhaphy (reconstruction) = reconstruction of a valve

D) angio (vein) + rrhaphy (removal) = removal of a vein

E) angio (vessel) + rrhaphy (suture) = suture of a vessel

67) Translate the medical term cardiotonic as literally as possible.

A) "Heart death agent"; a drug that destroys heart muscle tissue

B) "Heart pain agent"; a drug that prevents or relives the symptoms of angina pectoris

C) "Heart stretch agent"; a drug that opposes high blood pressure

D) "Heart tone agent"; a drug that increases the strength of heart contractions

68) Translate the medical term atherectomy.

A) Surgical removal of a blood clot

B) Surgical removal of a blood clot in motion

C) Surgical removal of a bulge in a blood vessel

D) Surgical removal of a mass of matter present in the blood

E) Surgical removal of fatty plaque within an artery

69) Translate the medical term embolectomy.

A) Surgical removal of a blood clot

B) Surgical removal of a blood clot in motion

C) Surgical removal of a bulge in a blood vessel

D) Surgical removal of a mass of matter present in the blood

E) Surgical removal of fatty plaque within an artery

70) Which medical term describes a drug that breaks down clots?

A) Anticoagulant

B) Embolectant

C) Thrombectomy

D) Thrombolytic

E) Vasopressor

71) Which medical term means "an incision into the tissue around the heart"?

A) Endocardiorrhaphy

B) Endocardotomy

C) Epicardiectomy

D) Pericardiocentesis

E) Pericardiotomy

72) Which medical term means "the surgical reconstruction of a vessel"?

A) Angiography

B) Angioplasty

C) Angiopoiesis

D) Angiorrhaphy

E) Angiotomy

73) Which medical term means "an incision into the heart muscle"?

A) Cardiomyopathy

B) Cardiomyotomy

C) Cardiothoracic surgery

D) Cardioversion

E) Myocardium

74) Which of the following terms is NOT a drug?

A) Antianginal

B) Cardiotonic

C) Phlebostomy

D) Thrombolytic

E) Vasoconstrictor

75) The surgical removal of a coronary artery is called a(n):

A) coronary arterectomy.

B) coronary artery bypass surgery.

C) endarterectomy.

D) percutaneous coronary intervention

E) pericardiotomy.

76) Which of the following drugs causes the relaxation or expansion of a blood vessel?

A) Antianginal

B) Cardiotonic

C) Vasoconstrictor

D) Vasodilator

E) Vasopressor

77) Which of the following statements is NOT true about the term anastomosis?

A) It breaks into ana (up) + stom (mouth) + osis (condition).

B) It is a procedure pertaining to the structure of the heart.

C) It is the creation of an opening between two normally separate structures.

D) All of these.

E) None of these.

78) Which is the correct definition of phlebophlebostomy?

A) Procedure to combine two arteries

B) Procedure to combine two veins

C) Procedure to create an opening between a vein and an artery (two different vessels)

D) Procedure to create an opening between two arteries

E) Procedure to create an opening between two veins

79) What does the abbreviation HTN stand for?

A) Heart treatment necessary

B) Hemorrhagic thrombosis

C) Hypertension

D) Hypotension

E) Normotension

80) What is the correct abbreviation for stroke volume?

A) STR

B) STV

C) SV

D) SVol

E) Vol

81) The force exerted by blood on the wall of blood vessels is:

A) abbreviated BP.

B) called blood pressure.

C) determined by both diastolic pressure, pressure exerted on blood vessels when the heart is relaxed, and systolic pressure, pressure exerted on blood vessels when the heart is contracted.

D) all of these.

E) none of these.

82) What is the correct definition of a PCI?

A) A heart procedure where a borrowed piece of blood vessel is used to bypass a blocked artery in the heart

B) An alternate treatment for a coronary artery that passes instruments up a patient's blood vessels into the heart

C) Incision into the tissue around the heart

D) Puncture of the tissue around the heart

E) Surgery that involves cutting through the patient's chest to get to the heart

83) Which of the following abbreviations is a heart procedure?

A) CABG

B) DVT

C) MVP

D) SCA

E) SV

84) Which of the following abbreviations is NOT a diagnostic procedure?

A) CTA

B) EKG

C) MRA

D) NSR

E) TEE

85) What is the correct definition for A-fib?

A) A flaw in the septum that divides the two lower chambers of the heart

B) A flaw in the septum that divides the two upper chambers of the heart

C) Obstruction of a coronary artery by a clot

D) Quivering or spontaneous contraction of muscle fibers in the heart's upper chamber

E) Quivering or spontaneous contraction of muscle fibers in the heart's lower chamber

86) What is the correct definition for ASD?

A) A flaw in the septum that divides the two lower chambers of the heart

B) A flaw in the septum that divides the two upper chambers, or atria, of the heart

C) Obstruction of a coronary artery by a clot

D) Quivering or spontaneous contraction of muscle fibers in the heart's upper chamber

E) Quivering or spontaneous contraction of muscle fibers in the heart's lower chamber

87) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

History of Present Illness:

Sharon Jackson is a 12-month-old female with a history of VSD first discovered on echocardiogram shortly after birth. She has been followed by cardiology. She had been hemodynamically stable until the past month, when her parents noticed that she had increased difficulty eating. She would sweat after eating and become cyanotic with exertion. Her mother followed up with Sharon's cardiologist, who sent her to our office for consult.

According to this patient's medical history, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A) Sharon had an ECHO that revealed a flaw in the septum that divides the two upper chambers of the heart.

B) Sharon had an ECHO that revealed a flaw in the septum that divides the two lower chambers of the heart.

C) Sharon had symptoms consistent with a lack of oxygen after she exerted herself.

D) Sharon's skin became bluish in color after physical exertion.

E) Sharon's mother took her to a heart specialist.

88) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

History of Present Illness:

Sharon's symptoms were consistent with congestive heart failure. It was decided to surgically correct her VSD. She underwent a sternotomy and atriotomy for patch placement in the ventricular septum to correct her VSD. This was performed with cardiopulmonary bypass under the guidance of a perfusionist. Sharon tolerated the procedure well and is now being admitted for postoperative observation and care.

According to this patient's medical history, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A) As part of the surgery, the surgeon made an incision in Sharon's sternum and the upper chamber of her heart.

B) Sharon had symptoms that are consistent with heart failure characterized by the heart cavity being unable to pump all the blood out of itself.

C) Sharon has a congenital heart defect.

D) Sharon has a surgery to bypass an artery in the heart.

E) Sharon's symptoms were consistent with CHF.

89) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

ASSESSMENT

1. Postop for VSD repair—routine postop orders and care.

2. When patient switches to PO, we will d/c IV ABx, and at discharge, she will continue antibiotics as needed for endocarditis prophylaxis.

For what did this patient have an operation?

A) Atrial fibrillation

B) Atrial septal defect

C) Endocarditis

D) Ventral flutter

E) Ventricular septal defect

90) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

Past Medical History:

CAD with PTCA in 20xx. Hypertension. Hypertriglyceridemia.

Medications: Beta blocker, nitroglycerin prn, ASA, antilipidemic agent.

Allergies: Penicillin.

Family History: Brother deceased from an MI at 69 years of age.

Social: Patient does not smoke. He drinks 1–2 beers per week. Denies illicit drug use. He is married with two grown children and three grandchildren.

According to this patient's medical history, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A) The patient currently takes a medication that reduces the amount of fat in his blood.

B) The patient experienced a myocardial infarction.

C) The patient has coronary artery disease.

D) The patient has excessive amounts of triglycerides in his blood.

E) The patient has high blood pressure.

91) Read the following information found in Mr. Pain's health record.

EKG: Ischemic changes.

Lab: Cardiac enzymes elevated.

CXR: No cardiomegaly.

According to the health record, which statement is NOT true?

A) His chest x-ray did not reveal an enlarged heart.

B) Mr. Pain had an electrocardiogram.

C) Mr. Pain's labs revealed a greater number of cardiac enzymes.

D) The electrical currents revealed changes that show a blockage of blood flow to the heart.

E) The tests performed on Mr. Pain were unremarkable.

92) On a patient's Cardiology Consult Note, the physician wrote, "Impression: Acute myocardial infarction." What is an accurate interpretation of this part of the note?

A) The patient has been diagnosed with a heart failure characterized by the heart cavity being unable to pump all the blood out of itself.

B) The patient will be scheduled for surgery to remove heart muscle.

C) The patient's heart muscle is enlarged, blocking blood flow.

D) The physician believes the patient's heart muscle tissue is dying.

E) The physician observed some inflammation in the patient's heart.

93) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

Plan: Patient has already had an emergent coronary arteriography, which showed three stenotic vessels. I have recommended CABG over percutaneous catheterization due to three-vessel involvement, and the patient agrees.

According to the information in this patient's health record, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A) The author of the consult note recommends a coronary artery bypass graft.

B) The author of the consult note recommends a surgery using a borrowed piece of blood vessel to bypass a blocked artery in the heart.

C) The author of the consult note recommends an alternative treatment for a coronary artery that passes instruments up a patient's blood vessel into the heart.

D) The author of the consult note recommends coronary artery bypass surgery.

E) The author of the consult note recommends the patient have a surgery to bypass a blocked artery in the heart.

94) Read the information below, found in a patient's Cardiothoracic Surgery Clinic Note:

Subjective

Mrs. Short presents to my office for her routine postoperative follow-up following aortic valvuloplasty. She has been followed by her cardiologist for known bicuspid aortic valve related to her Turner syndrome. She has recently had difficulty breathing with exercise and episodes of syncope. An echocardiogram revealed left ventricular hypertrophy. Since she was becoming symptomatic, she was referred to my office for surgical correction. She underwent aortic valvuloplasty 5 days previously and discharged 2 days ago. 

Since her surgery, she has had a few episodes of tachycardia and a funny feeling in her chest. She denies pain or fever.

Which of the following statements is a correct interpretation of the information found in this patient's Clinic Note?

A) The ECHO revealed a thickening of the walls on the left lower chamber of the heart.

B) The EKG revealed a thickening of the walls on the left lower chamber of the heart.

C) The ECHO revealed a thickening of the walls on the left upper chamber of the heart.

D) The EKG revealed a thickening of the walls on the left upper chamber of the heart.

95) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

Objective

Temp: 99.0. HR: 60. RR: 20. BP: 112/70.

General: Pleasant, responsive. No acute distress.

HEENT: Pupils equal, round, and reactive to light. Mucous membranes moist and pink.

Resp: Clear to auscultation. No wheezes, rales, rhonchi or crackles. Good air exchange. No increased work of breathing.

Chest: Sternotomy incision healing well without warmth, erythema, or induration. Dressing clean and dry.

CV: Regular in rate and rhythm, no murmur. No jugulovenous distention. CR brisk. Radial pulses 21, dorsal pedal pulses 21.

Abd: Soft, nontender, nondistended. No hepatosplenomegaly.

Ext: No cyanosis, clubbing, or edema.

CXR: Unremarkable. No cardiomegaly.

EKG: Normal.

Labs: No elevated cardiac enzymes. Normal CBC.

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the term sternotomy?

A) sterno (sternum) + tomy (binding) = binding of the sternum

B) sterno (sternum) + tomy (breaking) = breaking of the sternum

C) sterno (sternum) + tomy (incision) = incision into the sternum

D) sterno (sternum) + tomy (reconstruction) = reconstruction of the sternum

E) sterno (sternum) + tomy (removal) = removal of the sternum

96) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record:

Assessment

Given that her chest x-ray is normal, I do not believe that Mrs. Short has postoperative pericardial effusion. Since she is afebrile, I do not believe she has endocarditis. Her shortness of breath and tachycardic episodes are most likely postoperative atrial flutter.

Which of the following statements is true, given the health record information?

A) Mrs. Short has a slow heartbeat.

B) Mrs. Short has an inflammation of the tissue lining the inside of her heart.

C) Mrs. Short has fluid pouring out into the tissue around her heart.

D) Mrs. Short has shortness of breath and an irregular heartbeat, most likely due to the operation.

E) Mrs. Short most likely has a flutter in the upper chamber of her heart.

97) Which is the correct definition for cardioversion as used in the health note below?

Plan: I will admit her overnight for observation under telemetry and cardioversion, if needed.

A) A drug that increases the strength of heart contractions

B) Releasing the pressure within a dilated vein

C) Reopening of a blocked passage

D) Return the heart to normal size

E) Returning the heart to normal rhythm

98) What is an incision into the ventricle?

A) valvuloplasty

B) valvectomy

C) ventriculotomy

D) All of these

E) None of these

99) Tiny vessels are known as?

A) aorta

B) capillaries

C) vasculi

D) angio

E) None of these