Ch11 – Childhood & Teen Sexuality | Test Bank – 2e

View Product website:

https://selldocx.com/docx/ch11-childhood-teen-sexuality-test-bank-2e-1480

Student name:__________

TRUE/FALSE - Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
1) Children and adolescents are not very resilient and thus cannot thrive when faced with challenges in life.

⊚ true
⊚ false

2) Discussions about children and sexuality are seldom positive in American culture.

⊚ true
⊚ false

3) Biological processes enable adults to initiate love and sexual relations, and to reproduce.

⊚ true
⊚ false

4) Familial teachings have no effect on teenagers' attitudes about using condoms and other contraceptives, nor about premarital sex.

⊚ true
⊚ false

5) For the majority of Americans, the media are the primary source of early lessons about sexuality.

⊚ true
⊚ false

6) Teaching children about healthy sexuality early in life can be highly detrimental to their mental health.

⊚ true
⊚ false

7) Learning early on how to express positive feelings about sexual love is very important for children.

⊚ true
⊚ false

8) There have been no reported observations of sexual responsiveness during infancy.

⊚ true
⊚ false

9) Sexualized behaviors during toddlerhood are mostly autoerotic, or self-stimulated.

⊚ true
⊚ false

10) Professionals consider childhood masturbation a natural, common, and harmless behavior.

⊚ true
⊚ false

11) Masturbatory activities carried out by children have been known to cause physical injury to the body.

⊚ true
⊚ false

12) There is no evidence to suggest that child-to-child sex play causes any lasting negative consequences for later sexual development.

⊚ true
⊚ false

13) The major change of puberty is the development of primary sexual characteristics.

⊚ true
⊚ false

14) Pubertal events are identical for boys and girls.

⊚ true
⊚ false

15) During puberty, an adolescent girl will notice her body contours changing, as her hips widen to facilitate easier childbirth in the future.

⊚ true
⊚ false

16) The process of forming a sexual identity and coming to understand individual desires, needs, and hopes for sexual fulfillment begins in adolescence.

⊚ true
⊚ false

17) Sexual identity development can be a daunting task for adolescents grappling with same-sex attractions, particularly if they think that these attractions are not normal.

⊚ true
⊚ false

18) The process of sexual identity formation is the same for men and women who are sexual minorities.

⊚ true
⊚ false

19) Adolescent attitudes about romantic relationships and sexual behaviors reflect the messages they have received from those closest to them as well as from the larger social context.

⊚ true
⊚ false

20) If parents do not talk about sex, their silence teaches their children that talking about sex is taboo.

⊚ true
⊚ false

21) Abstinence-only programs have been shown to be very effective in providing the appropriate sexual information to adolescents.

⊚ true
⊚ false

MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
22) _____ refers to a period of rapid bodily and sexual maturation that occurs mainly in early adolescence.

A) Neoteny
B) Puberty
C) Infancy
D) Adulthood
E) Menopause

23) Despite growing up in a household with an abusive parent, Lauren was able to develop healthy relationships with adults and maintain an above-average GPA in high school. The key factor that allows Lauren to grow and thrive in a difficult home environment is known as

A) value messaging.
B) the marriage script.
C) sexual chauvinism.
D) resilience.
E) salutogenesis.

24) Resilience is the process that

A) allows individuals to grow and thrive in physical and mental health in spite of the risk and challenges they encounter.
B) many people believe is necessary for adolescents to be ready for discussions concerning sex.
C) causes teenagers to cave in to peer pressure and make decisions that they would otherwise not have made.
D) creates individuals who are physically or mentally damaged due to difficult situations and challenges they have encountered in their lives.
E) causes human infants to undergo a growth spurt that is related to neurological and intelligence processes.

25) _____ processes cause our bodies to change shape and appearance.

A) Physical
B) Biological
C) Psychological
D) Ecological
E) Sociological

26) Which of the following is/are the primary source of early lessons about sexuality for the majority of Americans?

A) media
B) educational institutions
C) the family
D) peers
E) the Internet

27) Encouraging healthy sexuality and sexual well-being in childhood and adolescence involves

A) allowing schools to take sole responsibility for teaching children about sex.
B) letting children find all the information about sex on their own on the Internet.
C) showing children explicit sexual imagery, such as pornography.
D) making sure that children are discouraged from exploring their own sexuality and sexual identity.
E) accepting the fact that we humans are sexual beings from the very beginning moments of life.

28) For infants, the parent–child attachment creates the dynamics of what experts have called

A) value messages.
B) "tender, careful holding" practices.
C) sexual chauvinism.
D) sexualized behaviors.
E) marriage scripts.

29) Which of the following is an effect of "tender, careful holding" practices?

A) They cause children to display sexualized behaviors that are atypical for their age group.
B) They inhibit sexual curiosity and exploration in children.
C) They lead to hypersexualization in adolescence and adulthood.
D) They have no effect on future sensual and sexual behaviors of the children.
E) They lay the foundation for the sensual and sexual responses that occur in adolescence.

30) Which of the following is a result of "tender, careful holding" practices carried out by parents during a child's infancy?

A) They create the capacity for affection and emotional response.
B) They lead children to question their sexual identity during adolescence.
C) They lead to aggression and violent behavior in adolescence.
D) They diminish a child's capacity to feel affection for those who are close.
E) They lead to nonnormative sexual behaviors in children.

31) For infants, the foundation of adolescent and adult sexuality begins with

A) neoteny.
B) adrenarche.
C) sensuality.
D) individuality.
E) resilience.

32) Which of the following accurately reflects observations of infants?

A) Ejaculations have been observed in infant boys.
B) Penile erection has rarely been observed in infants.
C) Orgasms have never been reported in girls during infancy.
D) Penile erections in young infants are common.
E) There have been no observations of masturbatory activities in infant boys.

33) Which of the following statements about sexual responsiveness in infants is true?

A) There have been no observations of sexual responsiveness in children during infancy.
B) All the necessary mechanisms for sexual response are present in children from birth.
C) Infant boys are capable of ejaculation.
D) Orgasms have been observed in infant boys but not in infant girls.
E) Orgasms have not been observed in infant boys or girls.

34) The term _____ refers to moral statements regarding a particular behavior, issue, or event.

A) sexual norms
B) secular trends
C) marriage scripts
D) value messages
E) sexual imagery

35) In toddlerhood, parents begin to transmit _____ to their children with regard to their sexual behaviors.

A) sexual images
B) marriage scripts
C) sexual education
D) secular trends
E) value messages

36) Why do toddlers engage in autoerotic stimulation?

A) Toddlers perceive this type of stimulation as sexual in nature.
B) Toddlers mimic the behavior they observe in their parents.
C) Toddlers find that stimulation of the genitals feels good to them.
D) Toddlers are taught this type of stimulation by their caregivers.
E) Toddlers find that this type of stimulation causes stress.

37) Which of the following is the main reason that parents intervene when they observe their children behaving in sexually curious ways?

A) They believe that such behaviors are sensual in nature.
B) They believe that such behaviors are sexually motivated.
C) They believe that such behaviors are a healthy part of a child's sexuality.
D) They believe that such behaviors will lead to transmission of STIs.
E) They believe that such behaviors are tantamount to statutory rape.

38) _____ takes hold during toddlerhood.

A) The secular trend
B) Neoteny
C) Adrenarche
D) Sexual socialization
E) Spermarche

39) _____ refers to the process of learning values and norms of sexual behaviors.

A) Sexual unlearning
B) Sexual orientation
C) Sexual chauvinism
D) Sexual socialization
E) Resilience

40) Which of the following is an effect of being discouraged from touching one's own body in childhood?

A) It can lead to a healthy perception of one's own body and sexual organs.
B) It can lead to discomfort with the physical and sexual parts of oneself.
C) It can lead to sexual behaviors that are atypical for one's age group.
D) It can cause hypersexuality in adolescence or adulthood.
E) It can encourage sexual play with other children.

41) Which of the following is NOTtrue of masturbation?

A) It can cause physical injury to the body.
B) It typically occurs in one-third of children from infancy through preschool.
C) It allows children to learn about the sensations that their body can produce.
D) It is highly self-soothing to children.
E) It is normal when done privately.

42) Which of the following is a healthy parental response when a child masturbates during naptimes or bedtimes?

A) The parent should have a discussion about sexuality with the child.
B) The parent should take the child to a doctor.
C) The parent should tell the child to stop the behavior.
D) The parent should ignore the behavior.
E) The parent should threaten the child with physical harm if the behavior continues.

43) _____ is completely normal and is a wonderful way for children to learn about the sensations the body can produce.

A) Sexual intercourse
B) Masturbation
C) Pornography
D) A nocturnal emission
E) Adrenarche

44) Why should parents ignore a child's masturbatory activities during naptimes or bedtimes?

A) They can cause physical injury to the child's body.
B) They cause the child to feel stressed.
C) They are highly self-soothing for the child.
D) They are being done in a public place.
E) They are an atypical sexual behavior in children.

45) If a child masturbates during naptimes and bedtimes, a healthy parental response is to ignore the behavior. Why?

A) The child is doing it publicly.
B) The child is exhibiting abnormal sexual behavior.
C) The child is engaging in stressful behavior.
D) The child is harming himself/herself physically.
E) The child is doing it privately.

46) Dylan, who is 4 years old, likes to fondle himself when he is feeling stressed or trying to go to sleep. He normally carries out this behavior when he is alone or in a private place. Which of the following statements concerning Dylan's behavior is true?

A) His self-stimulation is sexually motivated.
B) He is engaging in self-stimulation for sensual purposes.
C) His behavior will cause physical harm to his body.
D) He is displaying behavior that is abnormal for his age.
E) He is displaying behavior that is harmful toward others.

47) Which of the following statements about child sexual play is accurate?

A) Child sexual play has more to do with curiosity than with sexuality.
B) Child sexual play is directly related to a sexual response.
C) Child sexual play is aberrant behavior.
D) Parents should seek professional assistance if their child participates in child sexual play.
E) Parents should be concerned if their child does not participate in child sexual play.

48) Which of the following is an effect of early sexual play in primate species?

A) It promotes aggressive and dominant behavior in males.
B) It leads to unsuccessful mating attempts in adulthood.
C) It discourages sexual socialization between the males and females of a species.
D) It lays the foundation for later successful male–female reproduction.
E) It inhibits sexual interest and curiosity in females.

49) Which of the following mating problems has been observed in primates that are raised in isolation?

A) The primates have problems mating even when paired with an experienced partner.
B) The primates have been observed to mate solely with members of the same sex.
C) The primates show a diminished interest toward mating.
D) The primates show mating problems, but these are diminished when paired with an experienced partner.
E) The primates exhibit elevated levels of aggression during mating.

50) Why do primates that have been raised in isolation show mating problems?

A) They engaged in sexual play with other primates.
B) They faced abuse during their years in captivity.
C) They did not get the opportunity for sexual play.
D) They all have a decreased drive for sex.
E) They are more likely to engage in same-sex relations.

51) For children, enacting _____ helps instill messages about the value of reproduction and having children.

A) secular trends
B) self-stimulating behavior
C) value messages
D) sexualized behaviors
E) marriage scripts

52) The term _____ refers to mental or cognitive representations of marriage, including ideas about how married couples interact.

A) value messages
B) marriage scripts
C) sensory messages
D) secular trends
E) sexual socialization

53) Paul, who is 5 years old, observes his father giving his mother a peck on the cheek before leaving for work. Later, Paul mimics the same behavior when playing "house" with his classmate Cindy. Which of the following describes Paul's behavior?

A) Paul is showing aggression toward Cindy.
B) Paul is engaging in statutory rape.
C) Paul is showing sexualized behavior toward Cindy.
D) Paul is enacting his own marriage script.
E) Paul is sending out value messages to Cindy.

54) Which of the following is the primary change of puberty?

A) maturation of the reproductive system
B) maturation of the nervous system
C) a huge growth spurt in the brain
D) maturation of the endocrine system
E) the beginning of autoerotic behaviors

55) In human beings, between the ages of 6 and 8, the adrenal glands begin to mature in a process called

A) spermarche.
B) gonadarche.
C) menarche.
D) neoteny.
E) adrenarche.

56) DHEA is a(n) _____ secreted by the adrenal glands during the onset of puberty.

A) enzyme
B) hormone
C) vitamin
D) mineral
E) neurotransmitter

57) What happens to the DHEA secreted by the adrenal glands during puberty?

A) It converts to testosterone in boys and estrogen in girls.
B) It converts to follicle stimulating hormone in both boys and girls.
C) It converts to estrogen in boys and testosterone in girls.
D) It converts to luteinizing hormone in both boys and girls.
E) It converts to thyroxine in both boys and girls.

58) _____ stimulate activity and growth in the gonads of both boys and girls.

A) Antigonadotropins
B) Gonadotropins
C) Androgens
D) Antiprogesterones
E) Estrogens

59) Which of the following hormones is a gonadotropin?

A) thyroxine
B) follicle stimulating hormone
C) insulin
D) DHEA
E) testosterone

60) Identify the hormone that can be classified as a gonadotropin.

A) glucagon
B) estrogen
C) progesterone
D) luteinizing hormone
E) testosterone

61) In boys, _____ spur(s) development of the testes and production of testosterone.

A) GABA
B) DHEA
C) gonadotropins
D) estrogen
E) antiprogestogens

62) In girls, _____ increase(s) estrogen levels in the ovaries.

A) gonadotropins
B) testosterone
C) antiprogestogens
D) antigonadotropins
E) androgens

63) Which of the following is/are responsible for releasing gonadotropins?

A) adrenal gland
B) pituitary gland
C) thyroid gland
D) pancreas
E) ovaries

64) Which of the following primarily occurs during puberty?

A) development of the cardiovascular system
B) development of neurological and intelligence processes
C) development of primary sexual characteristics
D) development of the renal system
E) development of secondary sexual characteristics

65) Pubic hair, mature breasts, and broader hips in females are examples of

A) secondary sexual characteristics.
B) the maturation of the sex organs.
C) primary sexual characteristics.
D) neoteny.
E) sexualization.

66) Which of the following is often seen as the first marker of female pubertal development?

A) breast development
B) deepening of the voice
C) a growth spurt
D) growth of pubic and underarm hair
E) widening of hips

67) The term secular trend refers to the decline in the age of _____ during the 20thcentury.

A) neoteny
B) gonadarche
C) adrenarche
D) menarche
E) spermarche

68) Girls who experience _____ are at a higher risk for earlier sexual involvement and related issues, including an increased chance of unintended pregnancy.

A) gonadarche
B) resilience
C) sexual socialization
D) menarche
E) precocious puberty

69) A boy's first ejaculation is known as

A) spermarche.
B) menarche.
C) neoteny.
D) adrenarche.
E) gonadarche.

70) Ejaculation that occurs when a boy is asleep is known as

A) nocturnal myoclonus.
B) nocturnal penile tumescence.
C) neoteny.
D) menarche.
E) nocturnal emission.

71) Teenage romantic relationships

A) contribute to their emotional literacy.
B) are primarily driven by their hormone surges.
C) are all about sex.
D) have no influence on their adult romantic relationships.
E) tend to move teenagers closer to their parents.

72) Which of the following is an implication of sexual fluidity?

A) It modifies the idea of fixed adolescent sexual identities or orientations.
B) It creates a divide between those on either end of the sexual orientation continuum.
C) It establishes that sexual identity is fully formed before one enters adulthood.
D) It puts all cultures on the same plane when it comes to sexual identity and sexual orientation.
E) It assumes that all individuals begin life under the heterosexual umbrella.

73) Greg is grappling with intense feelings of attraction toward his friend Peter. It is the first time that he has experienced any sort of same-sex attraction. Which of the following describes Greg's situation?

A) He is experiencing a sexual disorder.
B) He is engaging in sexual chauvinism.
C) He is developing his sexual identity.
D) He is engaging in incest.
E) He is engaging in sexual promiscuity.

74) Which of the following is an example of developing sexual identity?

A) Jean holding her infant son to comfort him
B) Tara feeling sexually attracted to her friend Lauren
C) an adult forcing a minor to engage in sexual intercourse
D) siblings engaging in sexual relations with each other
E) Ted feeling comforted by a hug from his father

75) _____ can be a daunting task for adolescents grappling with same-sex attractions, particularly if they think that these attractions are not normal.

A) Controlling one's sexual appetite
B) Creating sexual imagery
C) The development of sexual chauvinism
D) The development of one's sexual identity
E) The practice of sexual unlearning

76) For years, the term _____ has been the norm in reference to sexual orientation.

A) bisexuality
B) pansexuality
C) asexuality
D) homosexuality
E) heterosexuality

77) Which of the following is a common thread found in sexual identity formation for sexual minority men and women?

A) signs of sexual attraction solely toward the opposite sex
B) feelings of being different as a child
C) signs of sexual attraction toward children
D) development of sexual identity by age 10
E) heightened sexual attraction and sexual promiscuity

78) Which of the following can be characterized as normative sexual behavior in adolescents between the ages of 12 to 18?

A) intense sexual curiosity and sexually explicit conversations with peers
B) sexually explicit conversations with significantly younger children
C) humiliating self or others with sexual themes
D) engaging in obscene phone calls, voyeurism, and sexual harassment
E) making sexually explicit threats, either verbal or written

79) Which of the following can be classified as atypical sexual behavior in adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18?

A) participating in hugging, kissing, holding hands, and bodily closeness
B) using sexual obscenities and jokes within cultural norms
C) displaying strong sexual attraction to the same or opposite sex, or both
D) chronic preoccupation with sexually aggressive pornography
E) interest in erotica and pornography, perhaps seeking this out on the Internet

80) Which of the following is the purpose that masturbation serves during adolescence?

A) It serves to increase aggression in boys.
B) It serves a sensual purpose.
C) It serves a sexual purpose.
D) It lowers libido in adolescents.
E) It leads to hypersexuality in teens.

81) _____ is a positive and safe way for people to learn about their bodies and begin to understand what feels good to them.

A) Voyeurism
B) Sexual role-play
C) Sexual coercion
D) Exhibitionism
E) Masturbation

82) Noncoital sexual behaviors are

A) erotic sexual behaviors that exclude intercourse.
B) sexual acts involving minors.
C) sexual behaviors that include sexual intercourse.
D) sexual play between siblings.
E) nonconsensual sexual acts.

83) Necking, petting, mutual masturbation, and making out are all examples of

A) autoeroticism.
B) penetrative sexual acts.
C) exhibitionism.
D) noncoital sexual behaviors.
E) voyeurism.

84) Which of the following is true of early sexual activity in adolescence?

A) It is related to negative physical and psychological symptoms in girls but not boys.
B) It is essential to the sexual literacy of both girls and boys.
C) It is related to many positive psychological outcomes for boys and girls, and very few negative outcomes.
D) It is more emotional for boys than for girls.
E) It increases confidence in both boys and girls, and both report the experience to be positive.

85) Sexual intercourse among teenagers is

A) low among very young teens but becomes more common in the later teenage years.
B) common among most teens.
C) uncommon except among those who experience precocious puberty.
D) high among young girls and low among older boys.
E) almost always between people that have not met.

86) Which of the following is a major concern for teens seeking contraception?

A) the lack of effectiveness of contraceptive devices
B) the need for confidentiality when seeking contraception
C) the lack of availability of contraceptive devices
D) the dangers of using contraceptive devices
E) the high cost of contraceptive devices

87) _____ are the most common source of information for reproductive sexual information in childhood and adolescence.

A) Schools
B) Families
C) Peers
D) Churches
E) TV shows

88) _____ remain(s) the most important and most consistent factor in sexual socialization, according to researchers.

A) Educational institutions
B) Religious institutions
C) The family
D) The peer group
E) The media

89) Which of the following is related to decreased sexual initiation, increased condom use, and decreases in STIs and unplanned pregnancy?

A) parental monitoring
B) strong religious faith
C) lack of media exposure
D) abstinence-only education
E) sexual play at a young age

90) Why do peers become a source of sexual information for children?

A) The majority of parents provide inaccurate information about sex.
B) Children prefer to gain sexual information from their peers.
C) Peers are a good source of accurate and complete information.
D) Parents encourage their children to learn about sex from their peers.
E) The majority of parents fail to provide the necessary information.

91) _____ refers to the process of someone being treated as a sex object where the objectification becomes so intense that the person may feel that they have no other value as a human being other than their sex appeal.

A) Sexual socialization
B) Sexualization
C) Sexual chauvinism
D) Sexual expression
E) Resilience

92) Which of the following statements about the abstinence-only model of education is true?

A) It is very effective in delaying the onset of sexual behavior.
B) It is an effective method of preventing STIs.
C) It has led to a lower incidence of unintended pregnancy.
D) It is ineffective in delaying the onset of sexual behavior.
E) It promotes the use of condoms during sexual intercourse.

93) Which of the following statements about the abstinence-only model of education is true?

A) It is ineffective in preventing STIs and unintended pregnancies.
B) It promotes the idea that condoms are effective in preventing STIs and unintended pregnancies.
C) It teaches teenagers how to make their sexual experiences more pleasurable.
D) It helps adolescents develop their sexual identity.
E) It promotes sexual promiscuity among teens.

94) Which of the following is an assumption that the abstinence-only model of sex education is based on?

A) Young people need to be provided accurate information about sex.
B) Young people are open to using contraception and practicing safe sex.
C) Young people will be promiscuous if taught about sexuality.
D) The sexual education of children needs to begin at an early age.
E) Condoms are effective in preventing STIs and unintended pregnancies.

95) Which of the following is a false assumption that the abstinence-only model of sex education is based on?

A) Young people need to be allowed to practice safe sex.
B) Teaching young people about sexuality does not lead to promiscuity.
C) Condoms are effective at preventing unintended pregnancy and STIs.
D) Young people need to be taught about sexuality from an early age.
E) Condoms are ineffective at preventing unintended pregnancy and STIs.

96) Which of the following is a reason the abstinence-only model of sex education been unsuccessful?

A) It provides adolescents with too much sexual information that is age-inappropriate.
B) It rarely teaches adolescents what they need to know to be sexually healthy.
C) It promotes sexual exploration and experimentation among adolescents.
D) It clearly outlines all the ways to maintain sexual health.
E) It encourages teenagers to use condoms and practice safe sex.

97) Which of the following is a primary goal of comprehensive sexuality education?

A) to promote abstinence and encourage young people to delay sexual behavior until marriage
B) to discourage the use of contraception, as it goes against the teachings of the Bible
C) to encourage sexual responsibility among youth regarding sexual relationships
D) to encourage teens to avoid engaging in same-sex relationships
E) to prevent teens from acquiring accurate sexual information

98) Identify the primary goal of comprehensive sexuality education.

A) to provide youth with opportunities to explore, question, and assess their sexual attitudes and values
B) to encourage promiscuity among youth
C) to teach teens to avoid the use of condoms, as they are ineffective in preventing STIs and unintended pregnancies
D) to teach youth that abstinence is the only method of maintaining sexual health
E) to discourage youth from exploring their sexual identities

99) Based on a theoretical model of behavioral change, which if the following is a result of effective comprehensive sexuality education programs?

A) decrease in use of contraception
B) precocious sexual activity
C) decrease in knowledge regarding safe sex
D) delay in onset of sexual intercourse
E) rise in promiscuous behavior

100) Based on a theoretical model of behavioral change, effective comprehensive sexuality education programs can result in

A) a decrease in the use of condoms.
B) an increase in communication between parent and child.
C) a decrease in discussion of specific risky sexual behaviors.
D) an increase in knowledge regarding the risks of unprotected intercourse.
E) an increase in the influence of media, peers, and culture on sexual decision making.

101) The primary goal of youth development programs is to

A) teach youth about safe-sex practices, including contraception and other sexual health measures.
B) address issues such as abstinence and resisting pressures to engage in precocious sexual activity.
C) provide youth with opportunities to explore, question, and assess their sexual attitudes and values.
D) provide youth with accurate information regarding sexuality.
E) provide mechanisms for children and adolescents to fulfill their basic needs, including a sense of structure and safety.

102) _____ refers to sexual intercourse with an underage minor, regardless of whether or not it is consensual and regardless of the age difference between partners.

A) Statutory rape
B) Incest
C) Masturbation
D) Sexual socialization
E) Objectification

103) Alisa decides to have sex for the first time with her boyfriend Tommy at her home when her parents are away. Alisa is 16 years old, while Tommy is 18. In the state of New York, where both Tommy and Alisa live, the age of consent is 17. Later, Tommy is arrested for the incident. Which of the following explains Tommy's arrest?

A) Alisa committed statutory rape.
B) Tommy engaged in nonconsensual sex.
C) Tommy committed a tort of misrepresentation.
D) Tommy committed statutory rape.
E) Tommy and Alisa engaged in unsafe sex.

FILL IN THE BLANK. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
104) _____ refers to the process that allows individuals to grow and thrive in physical and mental health in spite of the risk and challenges they encounter.

105) _____ behaviors are human behaviors that are sexual in nature.

106) _____ refers to behaviors that are self-stimulating.

107) Marriage _____ are mental or cognitive representations of marriage, including ideas about how married couples interact.

108) _____ refers to the process of maturation of the adrenal glands.

109) _____ refers to the earliest gonadal changes of puberty.

110) The first menstrual period is known as _____.

111) The term _____ trend refers to the decline in the age of menarche during the 20thcentury.

112) _____ puberty refers to puberty that occurs several years before the average age in a given society.

113) The age of _____ is the age at which an individual can legally agree to have sex.

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
114) Explain the role that biology plays in human physical and sexual development.

115) Outline the importance of instilling values of healthy sexuality in children from a young age.

116) Why is it important for parents to respond in an appropriate and healthy manner when their child displays autoerotic behavior?

117) What are the changes in sexual behavior that can be observed in children around the age of 10?

118) How does pubertal development differ in boys and girls?

119) Describe the ethnic diversity that is observed in pubertal changes. Explain why this diversity may be present.

120) What effects have the media had on sexual development?

121) Explain the significance of youth development programs as a model of sexuality education.

122) Explain why young people have a healthier sexual life in western Europe than in the United States.

123) Outline the conditions that create disparity with regard to the age of consent.