Verified Test Bank Perception, Self, And Communication Ch.2 - Practice Test Bank | The Communication Age 3e by Edwards by Autumn Edwards. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 2: Perception, Self, and Communication
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. ______ is a process of being aware of and understanding the world.
a. Realization
b. Paradigm
c. Personal view
d. Perception
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Perception and Communication
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. When we rely on mental shortcuts, we run the risk of having incomplete or inaccurate impressions of people or things, also known as ______.
a. mindless interaction
b. perceptual bias
c. attribution error
d. selective attention
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Perception and Communication
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. When we notice one part of the environment while ignoring other parts, we are engaging in ______.
a. selective exposure
b. selective perception
c. selective attention
d. selective memory
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Selective Attention
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. Phillip is studying for his licensing exam at night and is annoyed by the sound of his neighbor's dog barking next door. Philip is engaged in what process?
a. selective attention
b. selective perception
c. selective exposure
d. selective memory
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Selective Attention
Difficulty Level: Hard
5. Exposing ourselves only to beliefs, values, and ideas that are similar to our own is called ______.
a. selective attention
b. selective perception
c. selective exposure
d. selective memory
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Selective Exposure
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. Marko and Busola attended a lecture on changing weather patterns in the United States. The lecture confirmed Marko’s growing belief that global warming is increasing at a rapid rate and we need to do something right now! Busola, however, got the message that global warming isn’t as bad as we originally predicted. Marko and Busola are most likely engaged in ______.
a. selective attention
b. selective perception
c. selective exposure
d. selective memory
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Selective Perception
Difficulty Level: Hard
7. When Jason watches the news, he filters what he hears to suit his own needs, biases, and expectations. Which of the following is Jason using?
a. selective memory
b. selective exposure
c. selective attention
d. selective perception
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Selective Perception
Difficulty Level: Hard
8. Selective perception is best described as ______.
a. choosing to see and hear information based on personal relevance
b. concentrating on one part of the environment while not paying attention to the rest
c. exposing oneself to values and beliefs that are similar to one’s own
d. retaining information from one’s past
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Selective Perception
Difficulty Level: Medium
9. The way in which we store or retain information is called selective ______.
a. memory
b. attention
c. exposure
d. perception
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Selective Memory
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. During his graduation ceremony, Stephen remembers all of the positive experiences he had with his classes and the fun he had with all the people he met. Stephen is using which type of selection?
a. selective concentration
b. selective attention
c. selective exposure
d. selective memory
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Selective Memory
Difficulty Level: Hard
11. Memories contain which three qualities?
a. static, creative, and social
b. static, creative, and independent
c. dynamic, creative, and social
d. dynamic, prescribed, and independent
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Selective Memory
Difficulty Level: Easy
12. Which statement best reflects the “memories are dynamic” quality?
a. A couple feels happy because they recall all their happy marriage moments.
b. A couple invites friends over to talk about an upcoming anniversary party.
c. A couple uses bits of information to remember different events in their marriage.
d. A couple lets their children tell stories about them during an anniversary dinner.
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Organization
Difficulty Level: Hard
13. Mental structures that serve as “road maps” to help us understand, classify, and respond to the world around us are called ______.
a. metaphors
b. schemas
c. scripts
d. content messages
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Organization
Difficulty Level: Easy
14. The four types of schema we use to understand and respond to stimuli are ______.
a. prototypes, stereotypes, prejudices, and relational constructs
b. prototypes, stereotypes, interpersonal constructs, and scripts
c. prototypes, interpersonal constructs, scripts, and interpretation
d. stereotypes, prejudices, scripts, and interpretation
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Organization
Difficulty Level: Easy
15. Kelli joined an online dating site and posted her criteria for her ideal romantic partner. In her list, she notes that the ideal person should be funny, financially stable, a good cook, and a lover of dogs. Kelli’s criteria are an example of which type of schema?
a. stereotype
b. interpersonal construct
c. prototype
d. script
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Prototype
Difficulty Level: Hard
16. Prototypes are beneficial because they help us to ______.
a. put people in boxes and label them in particular ways
b. develop high expectations for the people in our lives
c. act in particular ways in certain contexts
d. make sense of new experiences
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Prototypes
Difficulty Level: Medium
17. Dakota had a bad experience with an insurance agent when his house flooded. The insurance agent was generally unhelpful and rude. Dakota found himself becoming distrustful of all insurance agents, saying “all insurance agents are selfish and out for themselves only.” What schema is Dakota relying on to make sense of his experience?
a. prototypes
b. interpersonal constructs
c. stereotypes
d. scripts
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Stereotypes
Difficulty Level: Hard
18. When we create “pictures in our heads” of a variety of social groups, we are drawing on ______.
a. interpersonal constructs
b. stereotypes
c. prototypes
d. scripts
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Stereotypes
Difficulty Level: Medium
19. A potential drawback of using stereotypes is ______.
a. we won’t know how to communicate with people different from ourselves
b. we lose the chance to experience people for the unique people they truly are
c. we learn false assumptions about who we are in relation to others
d. we engage in mindless interactions rather than think in cognitively complex ways
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Stereotypes
Difficulty Level: Medium
20. The schema we use to label someone as “lazy” versus “a go-getter” or “nice” versus “mean” is called interpersonal ______.
a. stereotypes
b. prototypes
c. constructs
d. scripts
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Interpersonal Constructs
Difficulty Level: Hard
21. Bipolar judgments used to size up people or situations are considered which type of schema?
a. interpersonal constructs
b. stereotypes
c. interpretations
d. personal constructs
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Interpersonal Constructs
Difficulty Level: Easy
22. Individuals with highly developed interpersonal construct systems demonstrate ______.
a. increased perception
b. cognitive complexity
c. hyper-selection
d. high cognition
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Interpersonal Constructs
Difficulty Level: Medium
23. Individuals who are less likely to have extensive interpersonal constructs for thinking about others include ______.
a. children
b. college students
c. grown adults
d. senior citizens
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Interpersonal Constructs
Difficulty Level: Medium
24. Your friend invites you to her yoga class. She tells you that the class is fun but you probably won’t be able to get off the couch the day after. You understand the class to be energizing and fun, yet challenging. This knowledge demonstrates which characteristic of cognitive complexity?
a. You can organize information.
b. You have numerous interpersonal constructs.
c. You can think in abstract terms.
d. You are capable of handling contradictions.
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Interpersonal Constructs
Difficulty Level: Hard
25. Ben believes his roommate is “kind” and “helpful.” Ben also thinks that he is probably a “hard worker” who “gives of his time” to others. What aspect of cognitive complexity is Ben demonstrating in his thinking process?
a. He can think in abstract terms.
b. He uses numerous interpersonal constructs to decipher his roommate’s behavior.
c. He is able to organize information to make sense of his roommate.
d. He is capable of handling contradictions in his roommate’s behavior.
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Interpersonal Constructs
Difficulty Level: Hard
26. Based on previous classes, Tricia expects that in her chemistry class she will take a quiz, and then the professor will lecture for 30 minutes and give an assignment. Which type of schema is Tricia relying on to make sense of her class period?
a. blueprint
b. script
c. stereotype
d. imagined experience
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Scripts
Difficulty Level: Hard
27. Scripts are best defined as ______.
a. expected sequences of actions that organize our perceptions of people and social situations
b. binary dimensions we use to make sense of people or social situations
c. generalizations we make about an entire group of people or situations
d. our best example of a particular category of people or situations
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Scripts
Difficulty Level: Medium
28. Once information has been selected and organized, the next step is known as ______.
a. exposure
b. memorization
c. interpretation
d. cognition
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Interpretation
Difficulty Level: Medium
29. When interpretation and observation are hindered, possibly causing poor communication between people, there is a ______.
a. perceptual barrier
b. road block
c. communication breakdown
d. stalled interpretation
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Influences on Perception
Difficulty Level: Medium
30. ______ influences our perceptions through our affiliation with various social groups.
a. Family
b. Language
c. Culture
d. Media
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Culture
Difficulty Level: Easy
31. ______ theory asserts that our points of view arise from the social groups we belong to and influence how we socially construct the world.
a. Social learning
b. Standpoint
c. Selective exposure
d. Looking-glass self
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Culture
Difficulty Level: Easy
32. Portrayals of feminine beauty on television are examples of which type of influence on perception?
a. relationships
b. language
c. culture
d. media
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Media
Difficulty Level: Hard
33. The perceptual “baggage” we have accumulated through years of living, learning, and interacting with others is known as our ______.
a. culture
b. language
c. field of experience
d. mediated communication
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Fields of Experience
Difficulty Level: Easy
34. Demetri meets a woman he is interested in getting to know better. When he finds out her name is Tamar, he decides not to pursue dating her because his ex-girlfriend, about whom he has negative feelings, was named Tamar. Demetri’s negative feelings associated with a name are influenced by his ______.
a. field of experience
b. culture
c. language
d. stereotypes
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Fields of Experience
Difficulty Level: Hard
35. Pana is struggling to find the right terms to explain what the snow is like in his native town of Sitka, Alaska. He feels limited in his ability to explain what it’s like to live in his hometown. His classmates also seem confused about what he is trying to explain. This is an example of which type of influence on perception?
a. culture
b. media
c. fields of experience
d. language
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Language
Difficulty Level: Hard
36. The words we use and how we say them can shape our perceptions of people and situations. This is an example of which type of influence on perception?
a. fields of experience
b. language
c. culture
d. media
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Language
Difficulty Level: Medium
37. Language can negatively influence our perceptions by ______.
a. carrying meanings that structure what we are able to think, imagine, and express
b. providing a neutral ground for expressing meaning
c. allowing us to create new words and phrases
d. preventing us from perceiving and interpreting information effectively
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Language
Difficulty Level: Medium
38. ______ is the primary means by which we express and share our selves with others.
a. Culture
b. Perspective-taking
c. Communication
d. Media
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Self and Communication
Difficulty Level: Easy
39. Our general idea of who we are as people is known as our ______.
a. self-esteem
b. self-concept
c. self-image
d. possible self
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Self-Concept
Difficulty Level: Medium
40. Self-concept includes both our ______ and our ______.
a. self-schema; self-image
b. self-esteem; self-worth
c. self-knowledge; self-worth
d. self-image; self-esteem
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Self-Concept
Difficulty Level: Easy
41. Kevin sees himself as an athlete, a student, and a son. These are characteristics of Kevin’s ______.
a. self-esteem
b. self-image
c. self-opinion
d. possible self
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Self-Concept
Difficulty Level: Hard
42. Our thoughts about who we might become and who we want to become are part of our ______.
a. possible self
b. self-image
c. constructed self
d. looking-glass self
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Self-Concept
Difficulty Level: Easy
43. Our ______ allows us to evaluate and interpret who we are now and who we used to be.
a. possible self
b. self-image
c. looking-glass self
d. constructed self
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Self-Concept
Difficulty Level: Medium
44. Michael sees himself as a good student but a bad friend. His feelings about himself as good in one area, but bad in another are connected to his ______.
a. self-construction
b. self-opinion
c. self-esteem
d. self-image
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Self-Concept
Difficulty Level: Hard
45. Which theory posits that communication is the primary means by which we internalize and use social values to guide how we see ourselves, how we see others, and how we interact?
a. standpoint theory
b. generalized other
c. symbolic interactionism
d. social construction
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Development of Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
46. The notion that the self emerges from interpersonal interactions and perceptions of others is referred to as ______.
a. our self-concept
b. our self-construction
c. the looking-glass self
d. the generalized other
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Development of Self
Difficulty Level: Easy
47. The looking-glass self can be described as ______.
a. visions of what we might become, what we would like to become, and what we are afraid to become
b. developing a sense of self by treating others as a mirror that reflects our image back to us
c. our viewpoint of the entire society
d. our belongingness in social groups and our co-construction of the world
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Development of Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
48. Which scholar coined the term looking-glass self?
a. George Herbert Mead
b. Erving Goffman
c. John Gottman
d. Charles Horton Cooley
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Development of Self
Difficulty Level: Easy
49. ______ is considered the viewpoint of the entire society, whose perspective we learn to take.
a. Self-concept
b. Standpoint theory
c. The generalized other
d. Perceptual barrier
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Development of Self
Difficulty Level: Easy
50. According to Mead, the self ______.
a. only changes as a result of us wanting it to change
b. can only be perceived from within
c. disregards others’ judgments of us
d. involves both an “I” and a “me”
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Development of Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
51. The “Me” part of the self is the ______.
a. doer or performer
b. actualized self
c. critic or judge
d. possible self
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Development of Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
52. The process of forming and re-forming ourselves as a result of interactions and relationships with others is known as ______.
a. self-awareness
b. complete self
c. blended self
d. relational self
Learning Objective: 2-5. Explain how communication continuously creates and influences identity.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Relational Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
53. Our ______ self occurs when our identity becomes infused with numerous, often competing, views of others.
a. reflective
b. saturated
c. constructed
d. relational
Learning Objective: 2-5. Explain how communication continuously creates and influences identity.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Relational Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
54. A positive aspect of having a saturated self is that we ______.
a. can develop multiple identities or versions of ourselves
b. can decide who we want to be at anytime
c. do not have to see ourselves as a coherent self
d. can pick and choose who our relational partners are at any time
Learning Objective: 2-5. Explain how communication continuously creates and influences identity.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Relational Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
55. Your ______ can be the way you present yourself through social media or in an online game.
a. digital self
b. avatar
c. virtual self
d. social presence
Learning Objective: 2-5. Explain how communication continuously creates and influences identity.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Mediated Self
Difficulty Level: Easy
56. The ______ effect refers to the idea that our use of avatars can lead to changes in both our online and real-world communication and behaviors.
a. special
b. Proteus
c. social-media
d. tethered
Learning Objective: 2-5. Explain how communication continuously creates and influences identity.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Mediated Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
57. Being able to coexist and participate simultaneously in both a screen world and the real world is known as the ______.
a. digital self
b. avatar self
c. tethered self
d. virtual self
Learning Objective: 2-5. Explain how communication continuously creates and influences identity.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Mediated Self
Difficulty Level: Easy
58. When we are attuned to and accessing our connections online while we go about our daily lives, we maintain our ______.
a. tethered self
b. saturated self
c. mediated self
d. self-esteem
Learning Objective: 2-5. Explain how communication continuously creates and influences identity.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Mediated Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
59. Convergence of our “real” worlds and our virtual worlds occurs when we ______.
a. see a rainbow and comment on its beautiful colors
b. comment on a friend’s Facebook status update
c. click the “like” button on a friend’s Instagram account
d. respond by saying “like” when a friend gives you good news
Learning Objective: 2-5. Explain how communication continuously creates and influences identity.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Mediated Self
Difficulty Level: Hard
60. How does the tethered self help us understand our self in new ways?
a. It helps us create fictional lives that we can present to others.
b. It creates a new state of self, where we are always present in our communities and online.
c. It provides a way for us to escape our social realities and our “real” self.
d. It adds a layer of self where we can be whoever we want to be.
Learning Objective: 2-5. Explain how communication continuously creates and influences identity.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Mediated Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
True/False
1. Our perceptions influence how we choose to interact with others.
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Perception and Communication
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. Focusing on something so hard that we become blinded to unexpected events that
happen is called inattentional blindness.
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Selective Attention
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. According to selective exposure theory, people prefer messages that support experts’
opinions on a subject matter.
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Selective Exposure
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. The term filter bubble refers to the process of online sites pushing content on our social
media sites based on our passed online behavior and thus, isolating us from information that disagrees with our views.
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Selective Exposure
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. George Kelly's (1955) construct theory says that interpersonal constructs are bipolar dimensions of judgment used to size up people or social situations.
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Interpersonal Constructs
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. People high in cognitive complexity are less likely to be able to handle contradictory
messages.
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Interpersonal Constructs
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. Scripts are constantly being revised and rewritten to accommodate new information and
experiences.
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Scripts
Difficulty Level: Medium
8. When stimuli have been selected and organized, they need not be interpreted.
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Interpretation
Difficulty Level: Medium
9. Standpoint theory asserts that our own individual backgrounds shape how we view the
world.
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Culture
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. Media can strongly influence how we perceive and evaluate ourselves and our world.
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Media
Difficulty Level: Easy
11. The collection of your attitudes, perceptions, and personal backgrounds is called your
field of experience.
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Fields of Experience
Difficulty Level: Easy
12. The words we use such as ghosting or thirst trapping can limit our ability to know and
interact with others.
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Language
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. Our self-image is made up of the various roles we hold in society.
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Self and Communication
Difficulty Level: Easy
14. Self-esteem is an individual’s assessment of his or her worth.
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Self-Concept
Difficulty Level: Easy
15. According to symbolic interactionism, communication is the primary means by which we
internalize and use social values to guide how we see ourselves, how we see others, and how we interact.
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Development of Self
Difficulty Level: Easy
16. Symbolic interactionism assumes that the process of self-reflection is highly individualistic and not influenced by social interactions.
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Development of Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
17. A saturated self happens when an individual’s identity is infused with the numerous—and sometimes incompatible—views of that individual.
Learning Objective: 2-5. Explain how communication continuously creates and influences identity.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Relational Self
Difficulty Level: Easy
18. According to the notion of the saturated self, viewing ourselves through multiple lenses can cloud our sense of a unified social world and a coherent identity.
Learning Objective: 2-5. Explain how communication continuously creates and influences identity.
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
Answer Location: The Relational Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
19. An avatar is a digital representation of another person that we do not know well.
Learning Objective: 2-5. Explain how communication continuously creates and influences identity.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Mediated Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
20. Communication technology shapes both our own identity and the identity of other people.
Learning Objective: 2-5. Explain how communication continuously creates and influences identity.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Mediated Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
Short Answer
1. What are the four categories of selection and how are they connected to perception?
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Selection
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. What is selective attention and how do we use it to understand our environment?
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Selective Attention
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. What is selective exposure and how can it be advantageous at times?
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Selective Exposure
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. What are interpersonal constructs and how might one use them to size up a person to potentially date?
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Interpersonal Constructs
Difficulty Level: Hard
5. What is cognitive complexity and how is it related to the schema of interpersonal constructs?
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Interpersonal Constructs
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. What is a perceptual barrier? What four factors listed in your textbook can be seen as potential perceptual barriers?
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Influences on Perception
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. Describe the difference between self-image and self-esteem.
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Self-Concept
Difficulty Level: Medium
8. Name four aspects of yourself that you consider part of your self-image. Why are these considered part of your self-image rather than your self-esteem?
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Self-Concept
Difficulty Level: Hard
9. Using the notion of the looking-glass self, explain how the self emerges.
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Development of Self
Difficulty Level: Hard
10. Explain the Proteus effect.
Learning Objective: 2-5. Explain how communication continuously creates and influences identity.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Mediated Self
Difficulty Level: Hard
Essay
1. Explain the role of perception in communication. What important role does it play in our everyday understandings of our worlds?
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Perception and Communication
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. What does it mean to say that memory is dynamic, creative, and social? Give an example that illustrates these three components.
Learning Objective: 2-1. Identify the ways in which we select information from the environment to form perceptions.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Selective Memory
Difficulty Level: Hard
3. Cognitively complex people exhibit more sophisticated ways of using interpersonal constructs when thinking about people and social situations. What four important characteristics demonstrate cognitive complexity? Give an example of each.
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Interpersonal Constructs
Difficulty Level: Hard
4. What are some strategies one might use to accurately interpret a message? Provide an example.
Learning Objective: 2-2. Describe how we organize and interpret information to make sense of the world.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Interpretation
Difficulty Level: Hard
5. How can we use standpoint theory as a framework to understand how we perceive our worlds? Using the example of a woman’s burqa, explain how a woman from the United States might perceive women’s roles differently than a woman from Afghanistan.
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Culture
Difficulty Level: Hard
6. Using Jackson Katz’s (1999) work on media and masculinity and Jean Kilbourne’s (1979) work on portrayals of feminine beauty in media, explain the real-world impact these portrayals of masculinity and manhood and feminine beauty have had on our lives.
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Media
Difficulty Level: Hard
7. What are fields of experience and how do they shape our perceptions? How might an entering freshman apply fields of experience in anticipating the atmosphere in his or her first college class?
Learning Objective: 2-3. Describe the factors that lead to differences in perception, and how those differences influence communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 6. Identifying and Explaining Fundamental Communication Processes
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Fields of Experience
Difficulty Level: Hard
8. What is meant by the idea that the self involves both an “I” and a “Me”?
Learning Objective: 2-4. Explain the nature of the self and its relationship to communication.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Development of Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
9. What is the saturated self? Explain the challenges and benefits that emerge by having a saturated self.
Learning Objective: 2-5. Explain how communication continuously creates and influences identity.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Relational Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. What is a tethered self? Describe how a day in the life of a friendship might work from a tethered-self perspective.
Learning Objective: 2-5. Explain how communication continuously creates and influences identity.
TOP: NCA Core Competency: 1. Monitoring and Presenting Your Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Mediated Self
Difficulty Level: Hard
Document Information
Connected Book
Practice Test Bank | The Communication Age 3e by Edwards
By Autumn Edwards