Test Questions & Answers Ch11 Resilience For Maltreated Kids

Chapter 11: Promoting Pathways to Resilient Outcomes for Maltreated Children

Multiple Choice

1. Problems with past research on resilience and maltreatment include

a. Research continues to show harmful effects, but it has not studied the different outcomes underlying resilience

b. Research has only focused on behavioral outcomes

c. Research has focused on a very few long-term outcomes

d. Research has only just begun to explore maltreatment

Answer location: Introduction, p. 223

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

2. Resilience emerges from

a. A supportive environment

b. The ongoing interactions between the developing individual and his or her ever-changing environment

c. A child’s temperament

d. The interactions between a maltreating parent and the larger society

Answer location: Introduction, p. 224

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

3. When a child’s abuse or neglect begins when they are very young and is perpetrated by a parent or guardian

a. The child has no chance of developing resilience

b. The child has a stronger chance of developing resilience than children in poverty or whose parents abuse drugs

c. The child’s ability to form secure attachments is harmed, thus impacting the chance of resiliency

d. The child’s chances to develop resilient characteristics are not impacted

Answer location: Rates of Resilience Among Maltreated Children, p. 226

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

4. Children’s access to and ability to draw from resources, assets, and protective factors within themselves, their relationships, and their connections to other positive influences supports

a. Resiliency

b. Mediation

c. Competition

d. Genetic deficiencies

Answer location: Rates of Resilience Among Maltreated Children, p. 226

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

5. Family factors related to resiliency include all but

a. Positive family communication

b. Good cognitive abilities and reading skills

c. Adequate conflict management skills

d. Adaptability, flexibility, stability, and cohesion

Answer location: Rates of Resilience Among Maltreated Children, p. 227

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

6. Factors related to resiliency following child maltreatment include child factors, family factors, parent factors and

a. Youth factors

b. Maltreatment factors

c. Peer and community factors

d. Parent/child relationship factors

Answer location: Rates of Resilience Among Maltreated Children, p. 227

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

7. A child’s internalized schema is

a. The parent’s view of the child

b. The child’s belief of his or her inner goodness or badness

c. A child’s belief about the maltreating parent

d. The process the child uses to survive the abuse

Answer location: Characteristics of the Child That Predict Resilience, p. 231

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

8. Social competence is important because it enhances the likelihood that the maltreated child will have

a. The ability to form close peer relationships

b. The ability to understand when someone is threatening him or her

c. The ability to keep emotions in check

d. The ability to trust your own judgment

Answer location, Child Characteristics, p. 231

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

9. If a child blames themself for the abuse that happened at home they have more negative outcomes. This process refers to:

a. Cognitive restructuring

b. Social information processing

c. Social problem solving

d. Attributional style

Answer location: Characteristics of the Child That Predict Resilience, p. 231

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

10. Protective factors within the family’s environment include all but

a. A strong attachment to at least one parent

b. A positive attributional style

c. A parent with positive perceptions of the child

d. A supportive nonabusing parent

Answer location: Protective Factors Within the Family Environment, p. 233

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

11. In cases of sexual abuse, if the nonabusing parent blames the sexually abused child

a. The child will have a more difficult time coping with his or her experience

b. The parent is just being cautious about getting the real story

c. It makes the child more clear about what happened

d. The parent is probably correct in their caution because children lie

Answer location: Protective Factors Within the Family Environment, p. 233

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

12. Protective factors exist within the multiple layers of a child’s context. The following is not true about community protective factors

a. If a maltreated child has a close friendship they are three times more likely to be resilient

b. All peer important relationships that a maltreated child has contribute to the child’s resiliency

c. Relationships with teachers, supportive adults, and counselors impact a child’s resiliency

d. Children living in high crime areas with low social cohesion are less likely to be resilient

Answer location: Protective Factors Within the Broader Community Context, p. 234

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

13. Successful treatment programs for children who have experienced maltreatment

a. Focus on removing the perpetrator from the home

b. Focus on the medical aspects of the harm to the child

c. Are provided in foster homes

d. Focus on factors that have been linked to positive outcomes

Answer location: How Interventions Can Foster Resilience in Maltreated Children, p. 236

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

14. Trauma-Focused Cognitive behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT)

a. Is not widely used because child outcomes are too inconsistent

b. Supports children to learn skills for processing thoughts, feelings, and behaviors related to the maltreatment

c. Only works with maltreatment when the child has been traumatized

d. Is nor recommended for children with cognitive delays

Answer location: How Interventions Can Foster Resilience in Maltreated Children, p. 237

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

15. The difference between Alternative for Families: A Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (AF-CBT) and Trauma-Focused CBT (TF-CBT) is that

a. AF-CBT only treats the abusing parent while TF-CBT treats the child

b. The primary focus of TF-CBT is the child and their nonoffending family members while the primary focus of AF-CBT is the whole family (including the maltreating members)

c. TF-CBT is home based and child focused, AF-CBT is office based and parent focused

d. AF-CBT has been shown to reduce parent-child violence more successfully than TF-CBT

Answer location: How Interventions Can Foster Resilience in Maltreated Children, p.238

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

16. Child-Parent Psychotherapy (CPP)

a. Works best with parents and adolescents

b. Is based on cognitive behavioral therapy

c. Focuses on child attachment to parent and has been shown to improve bonding, reduce child problematic behaviors, and reduce maltreatment recidivism

d. Has shown promising outcomes but has not been demonstrated in ethnically diverse families, which is a major shortcoming

Answer location: Child-Parent Psychotherapy (CPP), p. 238

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

17. Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT)

a. Is based on family systems theory and targets the whole family

b. Has been shown to be effective to reduce child symptoms through discussions about thoughts and feelings associated with the maltreatment

c. Is an intervention that focuses on the parent and his or her behaviors only

d. Is based on social learning theory and teaches the parent to bond with his or her child without resorting to aggression

Answer location: Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), p. 239

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

18. Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP)

a. Is based on attachment theory, works with first-time mothers and provides information and guidance for up to 2 years

b. Is targeted at young families where the infant has health issues in need of continued medical support

c. Is office based and uses a medical model to address maltreatment

d. Works with families with three or more children to prevent maltreatment from ever occurring

Answer location: Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP), p. 239

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

19. Incredible Years (IY)

a. Is a home-based program that works with families with children from birth to 2 years old

b. Is a set of programs based in school aimed at children, parents, and teachers to support child social, emotional, and behavioral development

c. Programs offered to parents created to decrease parent psychopathology and improve parenting

d. A program taught to teachers to use with parents during parent/child conferences

Answer location: Incredible Years (IY), p. 240

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

20. Multisystemic Therapy (MST)

a. Works with families with three or more children to prevent maltreatment from ever occurring

b. Although it does not work directly with families, MST activates multiple systems in the community to support maltreating families

c. Has successfully treated maltreating families through targeting multiple layers in the families’ ecology and incorporates on-call therapists

d. MST-CAN is only used with families with adolescents and has had positive outcomes

Answer location: Multisystemic Therapy (MST), p. 240

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

True/False

1. Resilience is considered the ability to avoid negative situations.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Introduction, p. 223

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

2. If a person shows resilience in one situation, he or she is likely to be resilient in many situations.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Introduction, p. 224

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

3. The majority of severely maltreated children show a limited ability to demonstrate resilience across a variety of domains (mental health, relationships, educational outcomes).

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Rates of Resilience Among Maltreated Children, p. 225

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

4. In a maltreating household, one nonabusing parent who tries to protect the child is considered a protective factor.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Table 11.1, p. 227

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

5. Children’s personality factors (reserved, happy, depressed), have little to no bearing on their resiliency.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Characteristics of the Child That Predict Resilience, p. 229

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

6. If an older child experiences maltreatment, he or she is likely to have lower rates of resilience in adult romantic relationships.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Protective Factors Within the Family Environment, p. 233

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

7. Reciprocal relationships with high quality peers have been shown to be protective factors that increase a child’s self esteem.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Protective Factors Within the Broader Community Context, p. 234

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

8. The community context (e.g., neighborhoods with crime) has been shown to have little impact on resilience of a maltreated individual.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Protective Factors Within the Broader Community Context, p. 236

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Essay

1. Why is resilience hard to achieve for maltreated children? Please provide at least four reasons.

2. Identify and discuss factors associated with resilience in the family’s environment. Why is it important to consider family factors when studying resiliency?

a. Answers may include

• The importance of the parent-child relationship has been widely studied, and specifically it has been established as critical that a child have a strong attachment relationship with at least one stable parental figure (Banyard, Williams, Siegel, & West, 2002; Herrenkohl et al., 1994; Siegel, 2000).
• Strong attachment among child sexual abuse (CSA) survivors to a nonmaltreating mother predicted lower rates of abuse in adult relationships (Siegel, 2000) and high scores on a multidimensional measure of resilience (Banyard et al., 2002). Presence of an affectionate and supportive nonabusing parent was associated with better school achievement among adolescent survivors of child physical abuse (Herrenkohl et al., 1994).
• There are a range of parenting factors associated with increased rates of resilience (likely because they strengthen the attachment bond between parent and child), including the extent to which the parent holds positive perceptions of the child.
• A crucial parenting response for nonmaltreating parents is support following disclosure of the abuse, which includes belief in the child’s experiences and nonjudgment and nonblame for the abuse (Elliott & Carnes, 2001).
• With respect to individual parent characteristics, lower rates of parental psychopathology have been associated with greater resilience among maltreated children. Longitudinal data have indicated that parents with fewer antisocial personality traits (Jaffee et al., 2007) and absence of substance use disorders (Banyard et al., 2002; Jaffee et al., 2007) were more able to provide stability to their children, which fostered resilience.

Answer location: Protective Factors Within the Family Environment, p. 232

Question type: ESS

Cognitive Domain: Analysis