Ch12 Exam Questions Stress And Coping With Intimate Partner

Chapter 12: Stress and Coping With Intimate Partner Violence

Multiple Choice

1. More than of women in the United States have reported IPV.

a. 50%

b. 85%

c. 10%

d. 35%

Answer location: Introduction, p. 249

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

2. The highest prevalence of physical abuse victimization is reported by

a. African American women

b. Caucasian women

c. Multiracial women

d. Hispanic women

Answer location: Physical Abuse, p. 251

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

3. Emotional abuse as a form of IPV is

a. Only studied in conjunction with other forms of IPV because it always co-exists

b. Is a distinct form of IPV and has multiple short and long-term negative outcomes

c. Not as serious as physical abuse because there are no physical scars

d. Experienced by women and men at the same rate

Answer location: Emotional Abuse, p. 252

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

4. Johnson (1995) created typologies to view IPV in order to address controversies in gender differences in IPV. She created two typologies including

a. Lasting and serious violence and everyday conflict escalation

b. Reportable violence and situational escalation

c. Intimate terrorism and situational couple violence

d. Intimate abuse and couple terrorism

Answer location: Typologies of IPV: Making Distinctions, p. 253

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

5. Intimate terrorism

a. Is about power and control and is perpetrated mainly by men against women in heterosexual couples

b. Is specifically related to hostage situations in IPV

c. Is equally perpetrated by men and women

d. Is not as common as earlier research had indicated

Answer location: Intimate Terrorism, p. 253

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

6. Situational couple violence

a. Occurs when issues of power and control escalate to the point of violence

b. Is perpetrated mainly by men and only happens in committed relationships

c. Is a relatively rare in couple relationships but more common in child abuse

d. The pattern of power and control is absent and it occurs as the result of a conflict escalating

Answer location: Situational Couple Violence, p. 253

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

7. Rob grew up in a home where his dad regularly pushed his mother around. Rob saw that she deserved what she got because she was incapable of doing anything right. Rob was confused when he hit his girlfriend, and she made a huge deal of it. This is how men and women relate. This is most clearly an example of

a. Patriarchal structure

b. Social learning theory

c. Rob’s anger issues

d. Family systems theory

Answer location: Explaining Violence by an Intimate Partner, p. 254

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Application

8. Amy was in the emergency room with broken ribs from an argument she had with her husband, Tom. She explained to the doctor that this never happened before, and that Tom had always struggled with his anger. She said she knows that his anger gets the best of him, and that she went too far insisting that they go to her mother’s for the holiday. This is most clearly an example of

a. Patriarchal structure

b. Social learning theory

c. Abuser’s individual characteristics

d. Family systems theory

Answer location: Explaining Violence by an Intimate Partner, p. 254

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Application/Analysis

9. Feminist researchers articulated the impact of how society values men more than women and because of this power imbalance, violence toward women has been seen as normal. This most clearly describes the

a. Patriarchal structure explanation

b. Social learning theory explanation

c. Abuser’s individual characteristics explanation

d. Family systems theory explanation

Answer location: Explaining Violence by an Intimate Partner, p. 255

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

10. The contextual model of family stress extends the ABC-X model by including a focus on

a. Social learning theoretical explanations

b. Family systems theoretical explanations

c. Inclusion of the internal and external contexts surrounding the family

d. Inclusion of normative and nonnormative events in families’ lives

Answer location: Contextual Model of Family Stress, p. 255

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

11. The degree of stress produced in a family depends on the

a. Source, type, duration, and density of the stressor event

b. Timing, intensity, and duration of the stressor event

c. Timing, the cultural background, and strength of family

d. Source, strength of family, cultural supports, and intensity of the stressor event

Answer location: The ABC-X Model, p. 256

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

12. The contextual model supports the view that

a. The severity and type of abuse (internal context) does not influence a woman’s response and help-seeking behaviors

b. A woman who is physically abused by her husband for the first time after 5 years of marriage would likely perceive the IPV differently from another woman who has been physically abused consistently for 5 years

c. The male abuser has the power and control in the relationship and can do what he wants

d. Abusers learned that they solve problems with violence

Answer location: The ABC-X Model, p. 256

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

13. Resources include

a. Economic assets alone

b. Economic assets as well as social supports

c. Individual strengths and factors associated with resiliency

d. Economic and tangible assets, as well as emotional and psychological assets

Answer location: Resources, p. 257

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

14. If Lucy believes that her abusive husband’s behaviors are wrong and unacceptable, she is more likely to take action. This is an example of

a. Lucy’s cognitive resources

b. Lucy’s description of the stressor event

c. Lucy’s perception of the stressor event

d. Lucy’s strengths that will help her manage the event

Answer location: Perception, pp. 257-258

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Application

15. Mary has been with Dave for 5 years, and they have three children. Mary loves Dave, but when he drinks he gets really nasty. When Mary smells alcohol on Dave’s breath she sends the kids next door, makes Dave’s favorite meal, and does not argue or react to his verbal assaults. These are considered

a. Coping skills

b. Defense mechanisms

c. Denial behaviors

d. Resources

Answer location: Stress or Crisis, p. 258

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Application

16. Research has indicated that leaving an abusive relationship is

a. A stage-based process

b. An event that typically happens after the first episode of physical violence

c. Dependent of the woman’s stage of development

d. Dependent on whether there are children involved

Answer location: Leaving as a Process, p. 260

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

17. Women often have to manage intrusion of the abusive spouse even after the separation/divorce. Strategies to do this include

a. Buying a gun to protect the children

b. Setting up and enforcing rigid family boundaries

c. Relinquishing custody to be rid of the abusive partner

d. Going about their daily lives as if nothing had happened

Answer location: Post-Separation Coping, p. 262

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Application

18. Ramon and Steven have been a committed couple for 7 years. They have had a stormy relationship, and in fact, Steve physically beat Ramon to the point that he needed emergency services. At the hospital, no one asked whether Ramon’s partner harmed him, and it was assumed that the injuries were gang related. Ramon was discharged to Steven’s care with no resources for IPV (and besides, there was no shelter that would accept Ramon anyway since he was male). This is an example of

a. Poor planning on Ramon’s part

b. How heterosexism in the external context impacted the possibilities of support for Ramon

c. How the internal context of Steve and Ramon’s relationship impacted the response

d. Ramon’s coping skills

Answer location: IPV in the Context of Same-Sex Relationships, p. 259

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Application

19. Eva and Dan have had a violent relationship for 13 years, but Eva hid it from family and friends. She spent years trying to make the relationship work. After an incident where her 12-year-old daughter saw Dan choke her, Eva took the children again to a shelter. This time Eva filed police reports and got an order of protection. She called her family, took time off from work, and made a plan to leave Dan for good. Two years later, Eva has maintained her distance from Dan and is pulling her life together. This is an example of

a. A woman who stayed with her abuser way too long

b. The dynamics of abuse and the process of leaving an abuser

c. A situation where the woman should have left much earlier to avoid trauma for her children

d. An example of the external context of IPV

Answer location, Post-Separation Coping, p. 261

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Application

20. Examples of formal supports for IPV include all but

a. Friends and family

b. Law enforcement

c. Shelters

d. Medical support

Answer location: Interventions for IPV, p. 262

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

True/False

1. Men are the primary perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV), regardless of their sexual orientation.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Physical Abuse, p. 249

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

2. Women experiencing intimate terrorism relied more heavily on formal support systems (e.g., hospitals, law enforcement) whereas women experiencing situational couple violence relied on help from friends. This demonstrates that a contextual approach is important in understanding the nature of the stressor event.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: The ABC-X, p. 256

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

3. Victims of IVP employ placating strategies to manage their lives. These strategies are not helpful in the long run.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Stress or Crisis (X), p. 258

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

4. Discrimination adds a layer of complexity and stress to IPV in same sex relationships.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: IPV in the Context of Same-Sex Relationships, p. 259

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

5. Most victims remain in the abusive relationship because they have failed to successfully leave multiple times.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Leaving as a Process, p. 260

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

6. Once women leave their abusive relationships, the abuse ends.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Post-Separation Coping, p. 261

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

7. Women who spend at least one night in a shelter and are exposed to advocacy and counseling services report less reabuse.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Interventions for IPV, p. 262

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

8. Research has shown that community focus on prevention of IVP reduces its occurrence.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Interventions for IPV, p. 263

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Essay

1. Please identify the major forms of intimate partner violence. What are the effects on individuals, and how common are the specific forms of IPV?

2. Using the Contextual Model of Family Stress, discuss IPV.

a. Answers may include:

• Stressor (A) The degree of stress produced in each family could vary, depending on the source (e.g., internal vs. external), type (e.g., normative/predictable vs. catastrophic/unexpected), duration (e.g., chronic vs. acute), and density (e.g., cumulative vs. isolated) of the stressor event. Thus, a woman who is physically abused by her husband for the first time after 5 years of marriage would likely perceive IPV differently from another woman who has been physically abused consistently for the past 5 years of her marriage. Research suggests that the severity and type of abuse does influence a victim’s response and help-seeking behaviors. Generally, the more severe and frequent the violence, the more likely IPV victims are to seek help (Duterte et al., 2008).
• Resources (B) Partner violence research has consistently identified the role of social support as a protective factor in mitigating the harmful mental health effects of IPV (e.g., depression) and increasing the quality of life for abused women over time (Beeble, Bybee, Sullivan, & Adams, 2009; Coker, Smith et al., 2002). Economic resources also play a comparable role. Historically, higher rates of IPV have been found among low-income and poor families (Rennison & Planty, 2003). Goodman, Smyth, Borges, and Singer (2009) theorized that when IPV and poverty intersect, the combination of stress, powerlessness, and social isolation puts victims at risk of developing emotional difficulties such as PTSD and depression. Indeed, the lack of economic resources and resulting social and structural conditions seem central in proliferating the cycle of violence for families in poverty.
• Perception (C) Perceptions of reality can be distorted (Boss, 2002), which is why so many victims’ initial response to IPV is to deny its existence. Because they often view their relationships through rose-colored glasses, victims tend to minimize IPV and disengage from the current reality of their situation (Shir, 1999). However, as Boss puts it, “when even one family member begins to see things differently . . . change is on the way,” (2002, p. 61).
• Stress or crisis (X) When the level of stress (and the abuse) becomes too overwhelming for the family, it can lead to a crisis. Boss (2002) describes family crisis as a state of “acute disequilibrium” (p. 67), where the family system hits a breaking point and is believed to have become dysfunctional. Qualitative studies of IPV suggest that the turning point from stress to crisis may be marked by an event or a series of events that lead to the realization the situation will never get better (Khaw & Hardesty, 2007).
• The external context surrounding the individual or family is one they have little control over.

Answer location: Contextual Model of Family Stress, pp. 256-258

Question type: ESS

Cognitive Domain: Analysis