Ch9 Test Bank + Answers Adaptation Among Immigrant Families

Chapter 9: Adaptation Among Immigrant Families: Resources and Barriers

Multiple Choice

1. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, there are immigrants living in the United States.

a. 100 million

b. 40 million

c. 10 million

d. 20 million

Answer location: Immigrant Families in the United States, p 179

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

2. U.S. policies on immigration shifted in the 1990s, which

a. Supported the reunification of migrating families

b. Gave preference to individuals with education and credentials over families

c. Addressed issues that lead to illegal immigration

d. Made few significant changes to past policies

Answer location: Immigrant Families in the United States, p. 180

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

3. Acculturation is

a. The process of leaving your culture behind to adopt a new one

b. The process of leaving your nation of birth

c. The legal process involved in immigrating to a new country

d. The process of adjusting to a new culture or society

Answer location: Acculturation and Adaptation, p. 181

Question Type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

4. The most common form of adaptation among immigrants is

a. Assimilation of the new culture

b. Distrust/reject a new culture

c. Integration or blending of cultures

d. Acceleration of identifying with the new culture

Answer location: Acculturation and Adaptation, p. 181

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

5. Common barriers in the adaptation process for immigrants include all but

a. Lack of English language proficiency

b. Intergenerational conflicts

c. Large social support networks

d. Poor housing conditions

Answer location: Common Barriers and Stressors Experienced by Immigrant Families, p. 182

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

6. Learning a new language is a major issue for immigrants. Barriers faced include

a. Ability to learn a new language

b. Motivation to learn a new language when everything else is new

c. Tendency to want to keep native language as a way of remaining connected to native culture

d. Lack of access to language education due to transportation, childcare, employment

Answer location: Language Barriers, p. 183

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

7. The 1996 Welfare Reform legislation

a. Stated that immigrants cannot apply for TANF, SSI, or SNAP before 5 years of residency in the United States or face deportation

b. Increased restrictions on immigrants’ ability to receive public assistance programs from 6 months to 3 years after they settle in the United States

c. Allowed immigrants to apply for and receive public support within the first 3 months of arriving in the United States

d. Allowed Immigrants and refugees access to all income-based programs, regardless of immigration status

Answer location: Inadequate Public Policies and Programs, p. 188

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

8. Children in immigrant families experience the poverty rate of native-born families in the U.S.

a. four times

b. three times

c. seven times

d. two times

Answer location: Lack of Economic Resources, p. 189

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

9. is defined as the extent to which the internal functions of a family system (e.g., roles, and perceptions) and/or external reality (e.g., social and economic contexts) are altered to achieve a system-environment fit.

a. Family systems theory

b. Family acculturation

c. Family assimilation

d. Family adaptation

Answer location: Common Resources and Adaptation Among Immigrant Families, p. 189

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

10. Immigration policies, programs, and social support networks and services are considered

a. Resources at the micro level

b. Resources at the macro level, or society and community level

c. Informal resources

d. Unnecessary for the control and limitation of illegal immigrants

Answer location: Common Resources and Adaptation Among Immigrant Families, p. 189

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

11. Family cohesion, filial piety, and emphasizing family goals over individual goals are examples of

a. Adaptation

b. Coping

c. Acculturation

d. Values

Answer location: Cultural Values, p. 190

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

12. The difference between immigrants and refugees is that

a. Refugees have a longer waiting period to be eligible for government assistance programs than immigrants

b. Immigrants have access to English classes, while refugees do not

c. Refugees have access to special government funded programs that include family resettlement and work training classes

d. Immigrants have immediate access to financial assistance

Answer location: Immigration Policies and Programs, p. 191

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

13. Jose and Maria and their two children moved to a Mexican neighborhood in San Francisco upon immigrating to the United States. This move will

a. Provide them the opportunity to adjust to a new life while living in somewhat familiar surroundings

b. Be a barrier for them to integrate into the United States

c. Keep them isolated in non-English speaking neighborhoods

d. Put added pressure on them to seek out ways to acculturate into mainstream U.S. culture

Answer location: Ethnic Communities and Enclaves, p. 192

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Application

14. The Chins heard of a large portion of the city that is immersed in the Chinese culture. There are several neighborhoods, stores, restaurants, businesses, and schools that appear as if they never left home. This is called

a. An ethnic community

b. An enclave

c. A ghetto

d. An isolationist community

Answer location: Ethnic Communities and Enclaves, p. 192

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Application

15. This racial/ethnic group makes up the largest minority group in the United States

a. Asian

b. Afro-Caribbean

c. Latino

d. Middle Eastern

Answer location: Latino Immigrant Families, p. 192

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

16. The Latino culture is very diverse. Cuban individuals are more likely to have fairer skin color, blonde hair, and blue eyes, similar to European Americans. Mexicans have darker skin, brown hair, and brown eyes. The Mexicans are subject to greater discrimination. This is referred to as

a. Within group marginalization

b. Acculturation

c. Cultural diversity

d. Heterosexism

Answer location: Latino Immigrant Families, p. 193

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

17. As a result of being the largest minority in the United States, Latinos

a. Have received the most support from the nonimmigrant community

b. Are positioned to be major political leaders

c. Work the hardest out of all the immigrant populations in the United States to learn the language and acculturate

d. Are targeted for prejudicial attitudes and discriminatory policies

Answer location: Latino Immigrant Families, p. 193

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

18. are the fastest-growing minority group in the United States.

a. Latinos

b. Asians

c. Afro-Caribbeans

d. Middle Easterners

Answer location: Asian Immigrant Families, p. 193

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

19. One of the problems in understanding the experiences of Asian immigrants in the United States is that

a. The language is a barrier for policy makers

b. The older generation refuses to acculturate

c. Researchers have not paid attention to the enormous diversity in Asian cultures and their impact on acculturation

d. Researchers have spent less time because Asian immigrants are often a “model minority”

Answer location: Asian Immigrant Families, p. 193

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

20. Asian immigrants, more so that other immigrants

a. Underutilize the mainstream healthcare system

b. Have the highest unemployment rate

c. Uniformly come to the United States to seek better economic and employment opportunities

d. Speak English prior to immigrating

Answer location: Asian Immigrant Families, p. 194

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

21. Afro-Caribbean immigrants are

a. Less likely to be new arrivals and more likely to have family already living in the United States

b. Are least likely to immigrate to the United States

c. More likely to understand racist practices in the United States because of their skin color

d. Are likely to have lower financial stability than other Black ethnic groups

Answer location: Afro-Caribbean Immigrant Families, p. 195

Question type: MC

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

True/False

1. Foreign-born students at universities in the United States are considered immigrants.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Immigrant Families in the United States, p. 179

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

2. Immigration policies in the United States have become more open and welcoming of immigrant families from the 1950s and 1960s until now.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Immigrant Families in the United States, p. 180

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

3. Carlos immigrated to the United States and began working on a horse farm in central New York. He saved as much as he could and eventually sent for his wife and 6-month-old son. This is an example of family stage migration.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Acculturation and Adaptation, p. 182

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Application

4. More Asian than Hispanic immigrants speak English prior to immigrating.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Language Barriers, p. 183

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

5. Adaptation involves short-term change while adjustment involves long-term change.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Common Resources and Adaptation Among Immigrant Families, p. 189

Answer type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

6. The Latino community is unique in that even though there are multiple cultures, individuals and families are very similar.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Latino Immigrant Families, p. 193

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

7. Immigrant Asian women, because they come from cultures that adhere to more traditional gender roles, rely on kin to assist them in establishing extrafamilial relationships.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Diminished Social Support Networks, p. 184

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

8. Parents, as they become more acculturated than their children, tend to have higher levels of conflict, which may lead the parents to reject their culture of origin.

a. True

b. False

Answer location: Conflict in Intergenerational Relationships, p. 184

Question type: TF

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Essay

1. Identify and discuss the barriers experienced by immigrant families. Put yourself in the shoes of a young Mexican mother immigrating to the United States. Which barrier might be most difficult for you? Why? How would you cope?

2. Some of the most problematic barriers that immigrant families face when they come to the United States are inadequate social policies. Please outline the policies and programs that are in place, and identify why they are problematic.

a. suggested answers

• The only forms of government assistance that are available to immigrants (with the exception of refugees) are mainstream public assistance programs such as Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) (Broder & Blazer, 2011; Capps & Fix, 2013).
• The 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (commonly known as “welfare reform”) increased restrictions on immigrants’ ability to receive public assistance, extending the amount of time in the United States necessary for eligibility for most programs for the poor from 3 to 5 years. The law also bars immigrants from receiving benefits through the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP; informally known as food stamps) or Supplemental Security Income (SSI) (Broder & Blazer, 2011; Massey et al., 2002). The federal government closely monitors immigrants’ enrollment in public assistance programs, and attempting to enroll before the end of the 5-year waiting period is grounds for deportation. This level of punishment may discourage many immigrants from ever applying for assistance; immigrant enrollment in public assistance programs is far lower than enrollment among the U.S.-born (Broder & Blazer, 2011).
• The 1996 changes to the laws governing public assistance also definitively barred unauthorized immigrants from nearly all income-based assistance programs (Massey et al., 2002).

Answer location: Inadequate Public Policies and Programs, pp. 188-189

Question type: ESS

Cognitive Domain: Analysis