Test Bank Motivation And Emotion Chapter 11 - Test Bank | Real World Psychology 3e by Catherine A. Sanderson. DOCX document preview.
Real World Psychology, 3e (Sanderson)
Chapter 11 Motivation and Emotion
1) According to your text, motivation is defined as ________.
A) the set of factors that activate, direct, and maintain behavior, usually toward a goal
B) the physiological and psychological arousal that occurs when a person really wants to achieve a goal
C) what makes you do what you do
D) the conscious and unconscious thoughts that focus a person's behaviors and emotions toward a goal
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
2) According to your textbook, motivation ________ behavior and emotion ________.
A) directs; energizes it
B) energizes and directs; is a subjective feeling
C) follows; precedes it
D) precedes; directs it
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation; 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
3) Assume that you want to perform well on this test, but you feel anxious about your ability to do so. In this case, your desire to perform well is related to your ________ state, while your anxiety is related to your ________ state.
A) conscious; unconscious
B) unconscious; conscious
C) motivational; emotional
D) emotional; motivational
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation; 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
4) A behavior pattern that is unlearned, always expressed in the same way and is found in almost all members of a species is called a(n) ________.
A) plan
B) reflex
C) instinct
D) routine
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
5) Based on instinct theory, which one of the following is true?
A) The list of possible instincts is incredibly large.
B) Instincts provide logical explanations for behavior.
C) Instincts are shown only in nonhuman species.
D) Instincts lead to scientific explanations of behavior.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
6) In which theory of motivation does a lack or a deficiency of something create a state of tension that motivates us to attempt to lower or eliminate the deficiency?
A) incentive
B) drive-reduction
C) state-dependent
D) attribution
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
7) The body's tendency to maintain a relatively stable state for internal processes, a state called equilibrium, is called ________.
A) homeostasis
B) heterogeneity
C) drive-induction
D) biostasis
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
8) In the drive-reduction theory, motivation should decrease once ________.
A) exhaustion is reached
B) reward is reached
C) homeostasis is reached
D) punishment is reached
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
9) Which of the following is explained by the drive-reduction theory of motivation?
A) Jafar decides to stay in the pool even after he has cooled down.
B) Even though he is not thirsty, Joshua decides to drink another delicious cup of lemonade.
C) Jeffrey stops running in the marathon once of all his vital signs are working overtime.
D) Sally decides to stay under the blanket once she is all warmed up.
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
10) Oriana was kidnapped and deprived of water for three days. Drive-reduction theory suggests that her internal need for water will ________.
A) reduce her self-esteem if she cooperates with her captors
B) discourage her from cooperating with her captors
C) push her towards cooperating with her captors
D) cause her to quit cooperating with her captors
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
11) According to drive-reduction theory, needs create drives, which in turn motivate ________.
A) homeostasis
B) theories
C) actions
D) need satisfaction
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
12) Which theory suggests that organisms are motivated to achieve and maintain an ideal level of stimulation that maximizes their performance?
A) arousal-stimulation
B) energizing
C) optimal-arousal
D) motivational
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
13) According to the optimal-arousal theory of motivation, low levels of arousal lead to ________ performance and high levels of arousal lead to ________ performance.
A) reduced; reduced
B) increased; reduced
C) increased; increased
D) reduced; increased
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
14) The Yerkes-Dodson curve, which describes the relationship between arousal and performance, is shaped like a(n) ________.
A) straight horizontal line
B) straight diagonal line
C) perfectly symmetrical V
D) upside-down U
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
15) Which of the following is true regarding the arousal motive?
A) It is the need for stimulation.
B) It is rarely observed in nonhuman species.
C) Performance is best when in a high state of arousal.
D) Performance is best when in a low state of arousal.
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
16) You bring a package home from the department store and your dog immediately jumps on you to investigate it; your 3-year-old niece comes to visit and opens all your kitchen cupboards to see what is inside; on a television documentary program, you see a monkey trying to open a box left in its cage. All of these are examples of ________.
A) a lack of discipline
B) sensation-seeking behavior
C) the achievement motive
D) arousal motives
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
17) According to the Yerkes-Dodson law, performance is typically best for most tasks when you are experiencing ________.
A) high levels of arousal
B) low levels of arousal
C) moderate levels of arousal
D) either low or high levels of arousal
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
18) Mary's car just broke down, so she has to run the rest of the way to school and arrives 5 minutes late for her psychology exam. Her heart is pounding, and she can hardly catch her breath. According to arousal theory, how well will Mary perform on her exam if it is on material that is complicated and took a lot of time to understand?
A) She will get a perfect score on the exam.
B) She will be average in her performance.
C) She will do poorly on the exam.
D) There is not enough information to determine how well she will perform.
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
19) Gaston and Paige got married on a high bridge and started their honeymoon with a bungee-jump from the bridge. Which type of motive best explains their behavior?
A) the achievement motive
B) the androgynous motive
C) their level of sensation seeking
D) the need for self-actualization
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
20) A widely researched model for sensation seeking suggests that people be examined in which set of personality dimensions?
A) dangerousness, antisocial traits, "letting loose," and intolerance for boredom
B) thrill and adventure seeking, experience seeking, disinhibition, and susceptibility to boredom
C) adventurousness, physical prowess, creative morality, and charisma
D) dangerousness, adventurousness, creativity, and thrill seeking
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry & Critical Thinking
APA: LO 2.2 Demonstrate psychology information literacy
21) According to the research into the components of a high sensation seeker, which of the following people will have the most difficulty in their career or home relationships?
A) Yachi is a low sensation seeker working as an air traffic controller at a busy airport.
B) Jacob is a high sensation seeker working as a test pilot for the Air Force.
C) Mr. Dudley has a low to moderate need for arousal, and Mrs. Dudley has a moderate to low need for arousal.
D) Peony has a moderate need for arousal and works as a mail carrier.
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry & Critical Thinking
APA: LO 2.2 Demonstrate psychology information literacy
22) According to your textbook, sensation seeking is a trait thought to be ________.
A) biologically prewired
B) a result of being raised in a sensation-seeking type of environment
C) an interaction between nature and nurture
D) a compensatory response to childhood boredom
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
23) The notion that the relationship between one's best performance and their level of arousal is mediated by the complexity of the task being performed is the crux of the ________.
A) hypothesis of regression to the mean
B) Law of Effect
C) Flynn Effect
D) Yerkes-Dodson law
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
24) The ________ theory says people are "pulled" by external stimuli to act a certain way, whereas the ________ theory says people are "pushed" by internal stimuli to act that way.
A) cognitive; incentive
B) incentive; drive-reduction
C) Maslow's hierarchy of needs; incentive
D) incentive; cognitive
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Analysis
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
25) You just stuffed yourself with a hot dog, a large tub of popcorn, and a chocolate bar while watching a two-hour movie. When you come out of the theater, you smell the cinnamon buns across the mall and decide to get one even though you are not hungry. This can best be explained by ________.
A) drive-reduction theory
B) incentive theory
C) the push-pull theory
D) Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
26) Which theories emphasize the importance of attributions, or the ways in which we interpret or think about our own or others' actions?
A) drive-reduction
B) motivational
C) achievement
D) cognitive
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
27) According to the cognitive theory of motivation, which of the following influences our goal-directed behavior?
A) attributions and expectancies
B) expectancies and internal needs
C) internal needs and attributions
D) attributions, expectancies, and internal needs
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
28) According to the cognitive theory of motivation, which of the following students is most likely to study hard for the next psychology exam?
A) Sasha believes she earned an "A" on this exam because the questions were easy.
B) Endora believes she is a witch and can get whatever she wants by waving her arms and casting a spell.
C) Martino believes he can bring his "C" up to an "A" or "B" next time by spending more time studying.
D) Clemy believes he studied as hard as he could for this exam and so is very discouraged that he only got a "D."
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
29) Chelsea believes that even though she works long hours and produces high-quality work, her boss will never give her a promotion. This is an example of a(n) ________.
A) attribution
B) expectancy
C) incentive
D) arousal
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
30) Which theory of motivation would be best described as a biopsychosocial approach?
A) the drive reduction theory
B) the incentive model
C) instinct theory
D) Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
31) The theory that some motives have to be satisfied before a person can advance to fulfilling higher motives is based on ________.
A) Freud's psychosexual stages of development
B) Kohlberg's moral stages of development
C) Erikson's psychosocial stages of development
D) Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
32) According to which theory must basic survival and security needs be satisfied before one can move on to such higher needs as self-actualization?
A) Werth's
B) Cartwright's
C) Maslow's
D) Diener's
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
33) According to Maslow, belonging and self-actualization are which type of needs?
A) essential
B) primary
C) higher-level
D) optional
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
34) According to Maslow's view of motivation, if you haven't eaten all day, your thoughts will be most focused on your ________.
A) self-esteem
B) physical safety
C) physiological needs
D) sense of belonging
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
35) In Somalia, refugees often risked their own safety in efforts to help others, including giving up their own food when they themselves were starving. This behavior refutes a basic premise of which theory of motivation?
A) incentive theory
B) drive-reduction theory
C) Maslow's theory
D) cognitive theory
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
36) Which set of needs is at the top of Maslow's original hierarchy of needs?
A) self-esteem
B) belongingness and love
C) safety
D) self-actualization
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
37) According to your textbook, which of the following statements is a criticism of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
A) It is biased toward Western preferences for individualism.
B) The model is not well-researched.
C) People sometimes seek to satisfy lower-level needs before higher-level needs.
D) Belongingness and love are not really needs.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
38) The need to seek pleasure and avoid pain would fall under which category of needs on Maslow's hierarchy?
A) esteem needs
B) belongingness and love needs
C) safety needs
D) self-actualization needs
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
39) Which of the following is correctly matched?
A) drive-reduction theory: internal pull
B) incentive theory: external stimuli
C) Wilson: hierarchy of needs
D) Maslow: genetics and aggression
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
40) What role does the stomach play in feelings of hunger?
A) Pressure receptors in the stomach walls signal fullness or emptiness.
B) Stomach contractions signal the brain that it is time to eat again.
C) Fullness receptors and stomach contractions both play a role.
D) Pleasure receptors within the lower intestine, not the stomach walls, signal fullness or emptiness.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
41) The feeling of fullness you get once you have ingested enough food is called ________.
A) bloating
B) a bellyful
C) a belly ache
D) satiety
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
42) A feeling of fullness that has an effect on the perception of hunger is called ________.
A) satisfaction
B) bloating
C) satiety
D) grandiosity
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
43) The heat generated in response to food ingestion is called ________.
A) satiation
B) dehydration
C) thermogenesis
D) thermolysis
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
44) The hypothalamus regulates which of the following?
A) eating and body temperature only
B) body temperature only
C) eating and drinking only
D) eating, drinking, and body temperature
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
45) The ________ hypothalamus signals an animal to start eating, whereas the ________ hypothalamus signals the animal to stop eating.
A) lateral; ventromedial
B) ventral; medial
C) ventromedial; lateral
D) medial; ventral
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
46) When the lateral hypothalamus is destroyed, animals will ________.
A) stop eating and must be force-fed
B) overeat to obesity
C) become picky eaters
D) eat every 2-3 days
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
47) When the ventromedial hypothalamus is lesioned, animals will ________.
A) stop eating and must be force-fed
B) eat every 2-3 days
C) eat to the point of extreme obesity
D) experience a decrease in insulin
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
48) The brain's "eating center" is found ________.
A) in the hypothalamus
B) throughout the brain
C) in the lateral thalamus
D) in the ventromedial thalamus
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
49) Hunger and eating are influenced by ________.
A) numerous neural circuits that run throughout the brain
B) only two neural circuits that run throughout the brain
C) the hypothalamus only
D) enzymatic activity.
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
50) Which of these is an important psychological influence on when, what, where, and why we eat?
A) advertising
B) sound
C) cultural conditioning
D) vision
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
51) Obesity is classified as having a body mass index of ________.
A) 15 or above
B) 25 or above
C) 30 or above
D) 40 or above
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
52) A single numerical value that calculates height in relation to weight is ________.
A) HWR or height-weight ratio
B) BMR or body mass ratio
C) BMI or body mass index
D) HWI or height-weight index
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
53) Some people are able to burn calories faster than others due, in part, to ________.
A) a lower metabolic rate
B) less efficient thermogenesis
C) the use of supplements
D) more efficient thermogenesis
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
54) Extreme weight loss due to self-imposed starvation and an obsessive fear of obesity are symptoms associated with ________.
A) agoraphobia
B) the Pritikin diet
C) anorexia nervosa
D) bulimia nervosa
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
55) Repeated instances of consuming large quantities of food followed by self-induced vomiting, the use of laxatives, or extreme exercise are typical of ________.
A) anorexia nervosa
B) rumination disorder
C) bulimia nervosa
D) Pritikin dieting
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
56) Which of the following accurately lists consequences of anorexia nervosa?
A) bone fractures, osteoporosis, interruption of menstruation, and loss of brain tissue
B) an acceptance of one's shape once their "ideal" weight is achieved
C) loss of teeth, and severe throat and stomach damage
D) a death rate of 30-35% in those diagnosed with the condition
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
57) Which of the following is an accurate statement with regard to bulimia nervosa?
A) People with bulimia are emaciated (severely underweight).
B) People with bulimia are often highly structured and constrained in all areas of their lives.
C) Bulimia can cause tooth erosion, tooth loss, damage to the throat and stomach, serious digestive disorders, and cardiac arrhythmias.
D) Bulimia involves consuming very small amounts of food frequently throughout the day, in a grazing pattern.
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
58) If you were to take the symptoms of bulimia nervosa but remove the purging efforts to "undo" the calories that were taken in, you'd be left with ________.
A) binge eating disorder
B) anorexia nervosa
C) pica
D) orthorexia nervosa
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
59) After a person with binge-eating disorder has completed their episode of eating, they are often gripped with several different emotions, including ________.
A) guilt
B) fascination
C) relief
D) obsessiveness
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
60) Which of the following has been linked to the origin of eating disorders?
A) a history of emotional or sexual abuse
B) a satisfied view of one's body image
C) a functional, supportive family structure
D) positive comments about diverse body types
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
61) Research suggests that which pattern of social media use is associated with increased risk of body dissatisfaction and even eating disorders?
A) trying to mediate social media disagreements
B) placing undue emphasis on others liking their posts
C) preferring videos to static images
D) limiting use to weekends and holidays
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry & Critical Thinking
APA: LO 2.1 Use scientific reasoning to interpret psychological phenomena
62) Someone who has a desire to excel, especially in competition with others, ________.
A) has a personality disorder
B) has a high need for arousal
C) has a high achievement motivation
D) is a success-seeker
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
63) Sonja has a high need for achievement. This means that she has ________.
A) an aversion for feedback on her efforts toward goals
B) an attraction to simple careers and tasks
C) the desire to excel, particularly in competition with others
D) the ability to defer responsibility for projects
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
64) Which of the following is true of persons who are high in nAch?
A) They are not concerned with feedback about their performance.
B) They like moderately difficult tasks.
C) They do not take responsibility for their actions.
D) They tend to be less successful in their professions.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
65) Why do people with a high nAch tend to avoid tasks that are very difficult?
A) They have poor self-esteem based on past failures.
B) They will find the tasks boring and uninspiring.
C) They are convinced that someone else will do such tasks more effectively.
D) They know that the probability of success is low.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
66) Achievement motivation is mostly determined by ________.
A) the size of different brain areas related to personality
B) environmental factors, such as parental upbringing
C) an interaction of biology and environment
D) There is not enough research on the origin of achievement motivation.
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
67) Jennifer has a high need for achievement, and she is coming up for her six-month review at her new job. What kind of feedback will she be most likely to want?
A) criticism from an honest and competent evaluator
B) friendly input from a "softy" boss
C) a list of things that she has done wrong with no suggestions about how to improve
D) no feedback at all as she is a professional
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
68) Extrinsic motivation is based on the desire ________.
A) for external rewards or the avoidance of punishment
B) to achieve self-actualization without much effort
C) for widespread approval and self-aggrandizement
D) to be recognized and rewarded for achievements
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
69) Intrinsic motivation comes from ________.
A) personal satisfaction
B) a desire for rewards
C) a fear of punishment
D) the arousal motive
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
70) Kevin works hard, no matter the difficulty of the job or how well he will be rewarded for it. He is fond of saying that anything worth doing is doing well, and even if his efforts will not be recognized, he devotes himself to every task. Kevin appears to be ________.
A) largely disinterested in life
B) under-aroused
C) intrinsically motivated
D) driven by the incentive motive
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
71) ________ refers to the desire to perform an act for its own sake, whereas ________ refers to the desire to perform an act because of external rewards or the avoidance of punishment.
A) Personal motivation; external motivation
B) Internal drive; external drive
C) Intrinsic motivation; extrinsic motivation
D) Individual drive; social drive
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
72) Some research indicates that giving extrinsic rewards for something a person is intrinsically motivated to do will lead to ________.
A) increased time spent on the activity
B) less time spent on the activity
C) greater enjoyment of the task
D) greater interest in a task
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
73) The parental statement to a child, "We want you to get high grades like the neighbor's son" will tend to lead to ________.
A) extrinsic motivation
B) obedience
C) intrinsic motivation
D) compliance
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
74) Which of the following strategies is beneficial for parents to use to get their child to practice the violin?
A) Reward him with extrinsic rewards only after he reaches a level of competence.
B) Ignore his efforts to practice so he won't know how important it is.
C) Reward his practice efforts even when done poorly or without enthusiasm.
D) Encourage him to focus on how playing the violin is personally rewarding.
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
75) Which of the following rewards is likely to reduce intrinsic enjoyment or productivity related to the stated task?
A) Georgina's parents praise her for good grades.
B) Mikala's figure skating coach tells her that her skating is getting better all the time.
C) Edwina obtained the highest output during the present fiscal year and was given a surprise bonus.
D) Marcella cheated on her history exam and passed with a "C."
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
76) The makers of a health-food cereal increased sales by offering a $2.00 rebate to purchasers. Sales rose during the rebate period, then fell below pre-rebate sales numbers when the rebate ended. According to your textbook, which of the following is most likely?
A) The rebate convinced shoppers that the cereal was overpriced.
B) Extrinsic rewards decreased the intrinsic value purchasers placed on the cereal.
C) The rebate decreased the status value of health-food cereal.
D) There was no longer any incentive for shoppers to purchase this cereal.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
77) Emotion is best defined as ________.
A) affective feelings that lack cognitive processing or components
B) a complex pattern of feelings that includes arousal, cognitions, and expressive behaviors
C) affective responses that are the result of external or internal stimuli
D) physical or psychological responses to the fulfillment or frustration of our goals
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
78) The three components of emotion are ________.
A) cognitive, biological, and behavioral
B) perceiving, thinking, and acting
C) positive, negative, and neutral
D) active/passive, positive/negative, direct/indirect
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
79) The part of the nervous system that produces obvious signs of emotional arousal, such as increased heart and respiration, perspiration, and goose bumps, is the ________.
A) somatic branch
B) central branch
C) autonomic branch
D) parasympathetic branch
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
80) During the emotion of fear, which one of the following physiological reactions would take place?
A) piloerection
B) decreased heart rate
C) decreased perspiration
D) increased digestion
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
81) What part of the nervous system controls strong emotions such as fear and anger?
A) somatic
B) central
C) autonomic
D) lateral
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
82) Two parts of the brain that play an important role in emotion are the ________.
A) hypothalamus and cerebellum
B) limbic system and cerebral cortex
C) pituitary gland and brain stem
D) CNS and PNS
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
83) The cerebral cortex plays a major role in our emotions because it ________.
A) plays a role in the ability to recognize and regulate emotions
B) visualizes dangers and possible responses to them
C) stimulates the autonomic nervous system
D) relays information from all the senses to assist in processing what is important
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
84) The part of the brain that plays a key role in emotions, especially fear, is the ________.
A) amygdala
B) cerebellum
C) hypothalamus
D) thalamus
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
85) LeDoux proposed that sensory input arrives in a brain structure splits the signal, sending part of the message to the cortex and part of the message to the amygdala. What brain structure does the splitting and transmitting?
A) hypothalamus
B) cerebellum
C) frontal lobe
D) thalamus
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
86) During emotional arousal, the ________ nervous system prepares the body for fight or flight and the ________ nervous system restores the body to homeostasis.
A) sympathetic; parasympathetic
B) parasympathetic; sympathetic
C) autonomic; somatic
D) somatic; autonomic
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
87) To study the cognitive component of emotions, psychologists are most likely to use which technique?
A) cross-cultural observation
B) naturalistic observation
C) self-report
D) structured assessment
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry & Critical Thinking
APA: LO 2.4 Interpret, design, and conduct basic psychological research
88) Which one of the components of emotion is the most difficult to measure in a scientific fashion?
A) biological
B) cognitive
C) behavioral
D) social
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
89) In a which type of smile are the cheek muscles pulled back, and the muscles around the eyes contracted?
A) Duchenne
B) secondary
C) Eckman
D) primary
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
90) If verbal and nonverbal behaviors do not match, most people will use which behavior to make their judgments about others?
A) verbal
B) nonverbal
C) a mix of verbal and nonverbal
D) situationally dependent
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
91) Which theory says that emotion results from physiological arousal followed by expression of the emotion?
A) Cannon-Bard
B) James-Lange
C) Maslow's hierarchy of needs
D) Schachter's two-factor
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
92) We see a bear in the woods, our hearts race as we begin to run, and then we experience fear. This is best explained by the ________.
A) James-Lange theory
B) Cannon-Bard theory
C) facial feedback hypothesis
D) Schachter's two-factor theory
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
93) Which of the following is the correct order of events in the James-Lange theory of emotion?
A) perception of stimulus, emotion, body response
B) perception of stimulus and emotion simultaneously, body response
C) perception of stimulus and body response simultaneously, emotion
D) perception of stimulus, perception of body response, emotion
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
94) You feel anxious because you are sweating and your heart is beating rapidly. This statement illustrates which theory of emotion?
A) James-Lange
B) two-factor
C) Cannon-Bard
D) physiological feedback
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
95) Keane (a heterosexual, single male) just saw a very attractive woman in the student lounge. According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, what would be most likely to happen next?
A) Keane might fall in love.
B) Keane might experience lust.
C) Keane might notice an increase in his heart rate and breathing.
D) Keane would rather focus on studying for his psychology exam.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
96) Which theory says that emotions are physiologically similar and are due the fact that they occur at the same time as bodily changes?
A) Schachter's two-factor
B) Cannon-Bard
C) James-Lange
D) facial-feedback
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
97) In the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion, the thalamus sends simultaneous messages to the ________.
A) central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
B) endocrine system and muscular system
C) brain's cortex and autonomic nervous system
D) parasympathetic nervous system and sympathetic nervous system
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
98) Ishaya was startled awake by a major earthquake. He immediately felt frightened, broke out in a cold sweat, and jumped out of bed to run for cover—all in the same instant. This description of Ishaya's experience best fits which theory of emotion?
A) Cannon-Bard
B) Maslow's hierarchy of needs
C) Schachter's two-factor
D) James-Lange
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
99) Animals who have been surgically prevented from experiencing physiological arousal still demonstrate behaviors that are characteristic of emotional arousal. This supports which theory of emotions?
A) Cannon-Bard
B) James-Lange
C) Schachter's two-factor
D) facial-feedback
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
100) In contrast to other theories of emotion, Schachter and Singer's two-factor theory explains the origins of emotion based on ________.
A) physiological arousal
B) cognitive appraisal
C) automatic processing
D) autonomic processing
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
101) According to which theory must bodily arousal be appraised or labeled for an emotional experience to occur?
A) the Cannon-Bard theory
B) the James-Lange theory
C) the facial-feedback hypothesis
D) Schachter and Singer's two-factor theory
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
102) Schachter and Singer would agree with which of the following statements?
A) The experience of emotion comes from awareness of sexual arousal.
B) Emotions are socially similar.
C) We look to environmental cues to decide what emotion is being felt.
D) We look to biological cues to decide what emotion is being felt.
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
103) The belief that movements of the facial muscles produce or intensify emotional reactions is the ________.
A) facial-movement hypothesis
B) facial-feedback hypothesis
C) facial-display hypothesis
D) second factor in Schachter and Singer's two-factor theory
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
104) According to the facial-feedback hypothesis, expressing an emotion should ________.
A) diminish it
B) change it
C) intensify it
D) have no impact on it
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
105) Your best friend just won the lottery. Even though you may experience envy, you also cannot help feeling excited along with him because you are both grinning from ear to ear. This reaction supports which regarding the origin and intensification of emotion?
A) social reciprocity theory
B) two-factor hypothesis
C) facial-feedback hypothesis
D) Cannon-Bard theory
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
106) A therapist advises his depressed client to make himself smile for at least a few minutes of every hour. This therapist may ________.
A) believe in the two-factor hypothesis regarding emotions
B) believe in the facial-feedback hypothesis regarding emotions
C) be using Schachter's two-factor theory of emotions
D) believe in Beck's emotional feedback theory
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
107) Which of the following are incorrectly matched?
A) Cannon-Bard theory: Emotions occur before a body response.
B) James-Lange theory: Emotions occur after a body response.
C) facial feedback hypothesis: Emotional intensity is affected by facial expressions.
D) Schachter and Singer's two-factor theory: Emotions are the result of a cognitive label for arousal.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
108) Subjects in Schachter and Singer's classic study on emotions were given an injection of epinephrine, which caused physiological arousal. Some subjects were correctly informed about the drug's effects, and others were either uninformed or misinformed. Which of the following happened?
A) Incorrectly informed participants were unaffected by the behavior of others around them.
B) Misinformed participants were unaffected by the behavior of others around them.
C) Uninformed participants took on the emotions of others around them.
D) Informed participants took on the emotions of others around them.
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry & Critical Thinking
APA: LO 2.2 Demonstrate psychology information literacy
109) Besides fear, anger, sadness, and happiness, which of the following emotions have been found by all cross-cultural researchers in this field?
A) disgust and surprise
B) shame and guilt
C) interest and anticipation
D) shame/guilt and interest/anticipation
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.4 Experiencing Emotions
APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry & Critical Thinking
APA: LO 2.5 Incorporate sociocultural factors in scientific inquiry
110) Evolutionary theories of emotion propose that basic emotions ________.
A) play no role in survival and natural selection
B) originate in the limbic system
C) evolved after thought
D) originate in the forebrain
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
111) The evolutionary theory of emotions is supported by ________.
A) brain-scan studies
B) Zuckerman's sensation-seeking studies
C) cross-cultural studies
D) Schachter's epinephrine studies
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Analysis
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology's content domains
112) Recent research suggests that which of the following may be biological in origin, even by family members who have been blind since birth?
A) emotional catharsis
B) emotional expression
C) facial expressions
D) scowls
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry & Critical Thinking
APA: LO 2.2 Demonstrate psychology information literacy
113) The idea that emotions are universal can be supported by the following evidence:
A) Infants only a few hours old do not show facial expressions that match those of adults.
B) Infants who are born deaf and blind fail to show similar facial expressions to hearing and sighted infants.
C) There are similar facial expressions for emotions across some cultures.
D) There are substantially different facial expressions of emotions across cultures.
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.4 Experiencing Emotions
APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry & Critical Thinking
APA: LO 2.1 Use scientific reasoning to interpret psychological phenomena
114) Which of the following is consistent with evidence regarding display rules?
A) North Americans and Asians are more likely to display physical contact such as hugging in public.
B) Latin Americans and Middle Easterners are not likely to embrace or hold hands as a display of friendship.
C) They involve rules for when, how, and where it is appropriate to display emotions.
D) They do not vary as a function of culture.
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.4 Experiencing Emotions
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
115) Keiko was visiting several Latin American cities over the summer and was made very uncomfortable by all the warm hugs and embraces she received when first meeting her host's friends. Keiko's discomfort was likely due to differences in which of these between her native and host cultures?
A) manners
B) sexual standards
C) display rules
D) courtship signals
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.4 Experiencing Emotions
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
116) The polygraph, or "lie detector," primarily measures which component of emotions?
A) physiological
B) articulatory
C) cognitive
D) subjective
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.4 Experiencing Emotions
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
117) The polygraph detects arousal in which system?
A) central
B) somatic
C) static
D) sympathetic
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.4 Experiencing Emotions
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
118) Which of the following statements about the polygraph test is true?
A) An innocent person has nothing to fear from a polygraph test.
B) A person can be taught how to "beat" a polygraph test.
C) The polygraph can detect subtle physiological differences between arousal due to anxiety versus excitement.
D) The polygraph is accurate in detecting truth or lies in about 90% of cases.
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.4 Experiencing Emotions
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
119) Which of the following is a typical physiological measure obtained by polygraph tests?
A) body temperature
B) brain electrical activity
C) respiration
D) cortisol secretion
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.4 Experiencing Emotions
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
120) Which of the following is a characteristic of anorexia nervosa?
A) People with anorexia nervosa are underweight.
B) People with anorexia nervosa are often impulsive.
C) People with anorexia nervosa rarely experience adverse health consequences.
D) People with anorexia nervosa frequently graze throughout the day.
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
121) Harold has a high need for achievement. Based on this information, you can most accurately predict that given an opportunity to throw ten free shots from anywhere on a basketball court, Harold will stand ________.
A) as close to the basket as possible
B) just far enough from the basket to assure that he will never miss
C) far enough away from the basket for it to be challenging, but close enough to allow for some successes
D) incredibly far away so that if he makes at least one basket, observers will be very impressed
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
122) According to the ________ law, one's maximum performance is most likely to occur at low levels of arousal for a complex task, and higher levels of arousal for a simple task.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
123) The ________ hypothalamus is known to be a stimulatory center for eating; that is, it prompts us to begin eating when it is activated.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
124) The disorder that involves recurrent episodes of consuming large amounts of food in a discrete period of time, while feeling a lack of control over eating, that is NOT followed by compensatory purging behaviors is called ________ disorder.
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
125) According to the ________ theory of emotions, we feel sad because we are crying.
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
126) The ________ test, which is commonly and somewhat inaccurately referred to as a lie detector, can be defeated by manipulating one's results during control questions.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.4 Experiencing Emotions
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
127) Contrast the instinct, drive-reduction, incentive, and cognitive theories of motivation, providing an original example of each motive in action.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
128) Describe the arousal motive and state how it affects human functioning. Describe and illustrate the four factors that have been associated with the sensation-seeking motive.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
129) Define and illustrate the needs at each level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Describe a time in your (or a friend's) life when (1) a "higher" motive had to wait until a "lower" motive was met, and (2) a "higher" motive occurred before a "lower" need was met.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.1 Theories of Motivation
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
130) Define obesity, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder. State your textbook's summary of the causes and dangers of each.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
131) Identify the six traits that distinguish people with high achievement motivation. How do these traits develop?
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Conceptual
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
132) Imagine that you are a teacher. Define the concepts of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and use them to describe how you would encourage students to learn lecture and text material.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.2 Motivation and Behavior
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
133) Identify the three components of emotion and their related physiological and/or behavioral aspects.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
134) Contrast the James-Lange and Cannon-Bard theories of emotion using joy/happiness to illustrate your answer. Describe how Schachter and Singer's two-factor theory combines elements from each of these theories.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
135) What is the facial feedback hypothesis? How might it apply to the emotions that people feel?
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Knowledge
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
136) List and briefly discuss the five research-based suggestions for increasing happiness in one's life. Give examples of how you might employ these suggestions in your own life.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Application
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
137) Describe the polygraph and discuss the controversy regarding its use as a "lie detector."
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Evaluation
Section Reference: 11.3 Components and Theories of Emotion
APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology
APA: LO 1.3 Describe applications of psychology
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