Test Bank Docx The Second World War, 1933 1945 Ch24

Chapter 24: The Second World War, 1933–1945

CORE OBJECTIVES

1. Assess how German and Japanese actions led to the outbreak of war in Europe and in Asia.

2. Evaluate how President Roosevelt and Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia between 1933 and 1941.

3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

4. Explain the major factors that enabled the United States and its allies to win the war in Europe.

5. Describe how the Japanese were defeated in the war in the Pacific.

6. Evaluate the efforts of President Roosevelt and the Allies to shape the postwar world.

TRUE/FALSE

1. A radical form of totalitarian government in which a dictator uses propaganda to seize control of all aspects of national life is known as fascism.

OBJ: 1. Assess how German and Japanese actions led to the outbreak of war in Europe and in Asia.

TOP: The Rise of Fascism in Europe

2. President Roosevelt did not want to sign the neutrality laws keeping the United States out of World War II.

OBJ: 2. Evaluate how President Roosevelt and Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia between 1933 and 1941.

TOP: U.S. Neutrality

3. Albert Einstein’s warning that the Germans were attempting to produce atomic bombs helped inspire the creation of the Manhattan Project even before the United States entered the war.

OBJ: 2. Evaluate how President Roosevelt and Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia between 1933 and 1941.

TOP: Preparing America for War

4. The Lend-Lease Bill allowed the president to lend or lease military equipment to any country deemed vital to the defense of the United States.

OBJ: 2. Evaluate how President Roosevelt and Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia between 1933 and 1941.

TOP: The Lend-Lease Bill

5. The Atlantic Charter was an agreement among the Allied powers deciding how to divide up Germany after the war was over.

OBJ: 2. Evaluate how President Roosevelt and Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia between 1933 and 1941.

TOP: The Atlantic Charter

6. By the end of 1942, U.S. war production exceeded the combined output of Germany, Italy, and Japan.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

TOP: Arsenal of Democracy

7. With millions of men being drafted into the service, women took their places in the workforce.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

TOP: Women in the War

8. The excellence of the Tuskegee Airmen in World War II helped lead to the desegregation of the armed forces after the war.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

TOP: African Americans in Uniform

9. Native Americans served as “code talkers” for the U.S. military during World War II.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

TOP: Native Americans in the Military

10. At Casablanca, Roosevelt and Churchill agreed that the terms for ending the war must include the “unconditional surrender” of all enemies.

OBJ: 4. Explain the major factors that enabled the United States and its allies to win the war in Europe.

TOP: The Casablanca Conference

11. The United States and Britain adopted a Pacific First strategy during World War II in response to Japanese attacks in the Pacific.

OBJ: 4. Explain the major factors that enabled the United States and its allies to win the war in Europe.

TOP: The Battle of the Atlantic

12. “D-day” refers to the cross-channel Allied amphibious invasion of Nazi-occupied France.

OBJ: 4. Explain the major factors that enabled the United States and its allies to win the war in Europe.

TOP: D-day and After

13. In May 1945, Germany surrendered in exchange for assurances that Hitler would not be tried as a war criminal.

OBJ: 4. Explain the major factors that enabled the United States and its allies to win the war in Europe.

TOP: The Collapse of Nazi Germany

14. The United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

OBJ: 5. Describe how the Japanese were defeated in the war in the Pacific.

TOP: The Atomic Bomb

15. Despite the length and duration of World War II, total civilian and military deaths miraculously remained fewer than 1 million.

OBJ: 6. Evaluate the efforts of President Roosevelt and the Allies to shape the postwar world.

TOP: A New Age Is Born

16. The agreements at the Yalta Conference included Stalin’s pledge to enter the war against Japan three months after Germany’s defeat.

OBJ: 6. Evaluate the efforts of President Roosevelt and the Allies to shape the postwar world.

TOP: Yalta’s Legacy and the Postwar World

17. During World War II, presidential authority expanded significantly.

OBJ: 6. Evaluate the efforts of President Roosevelt and the Allies to shape the postwar world.

TOP: The Transformation of American Life

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which form of government, the opposite of democracy, involves a dictator who controls all aspects of the nation’s life?

a. Capitalism

b. Republic

c. Communism

d. Fascism

e. Monarchy

OBJ: 1. Assess how German and Japanese actions led to the outbreak of war in Europe and in Asia.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: The Rise of Fascism in Europe

MSC: Applying

2. Heading into the Second World War, _______ and _____ embraced fascism.

a. Japan; England

b. Germany; Italy

c. Turkey; Russia

d. Russia; England

e. Germany; Poland

OBJ: 1. Assess how German and Japanese actions led to the outbreak of war in Europe and in Asia.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: The Rise of Fascism in Europe

MSC: Remembering

3. During the Second World War, citizens of __________ and __________ were led to believe they were members of a race superior to anyone else.

a. Japan; Germany

b. Germany; Italy

c. England; Russia

d. France; Germany

e. Poland; Yugoslavia

OBJ: 1. Assess how German and Japanese actions led to the outbreak of war in Europe and in Asia.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: The Rise of Fascism in Europe

MSC: Applying

4. Which of the following did Hitler’s Nazi party consider a threat and a target?

a. Aryans

b. Germans

c. Communists

d. Capitalists

e. Fascists

OBJ: 1. Assess how German and Japanese actions led to the outbreak of war in Europe and in Asia.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Italy and Germany

MSC: Applying

5. What was the result of the invasion of Manchuria by Japanese troops in the 1930s?

a. They sought to seize control of the railroad in Manchuria into Russia but were immediately thwarted by Russian forces.

b. They took advantage of China’s weakness during a civil war by proclaiming Manchuria’s independence.

c. They used Manchuria as a staging ground to invade Russia, thereby marking the beginning of World War II.

d. They took control of this unclaimed land because they saw it as an opportunity to have a warm water port on the mainland.

e. They intended to prevent the Chinese from using the port there as a launch point to invade Japan but were thwarted by Chinese forces.

OBJ: 1. Assess how German and Japanese actions led to the outbreak of war in Europe and in Asia.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: The Expanding Axis

MSC: Applying

6. During the 1930s, China was weakened by civil war between __________ and _________

a. Mao Zedong; Chiang Kai-shek

b. Ho Chi Minh; Vo Nhu Giap

c. Yamamoto; Hirohito

d. Empress Dowager; the Boxers

e. Hikaru Sulu; Kim Jong-Il

OBJ: 1. Assess how German and Japanese actions led to the outbreak of war in Europe and in Asia.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: The Expanding Axis

MSC: Remembering

7. During the Spanish Civil War, ________ provided troops to aid the insurgents.

a. Poland

b. England

c. France

d. Spain

e. Germany

OBJ: 1. Assess how German and Japanese actions led to the outbreak of war in Europe and in Asia.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: The Expanding Axis

MSC: Remembering

8. The Axis Alliance was made up of

a. Great Britain, France, and Russia.

b. Japan, Italy, and Germany.

c. Japan, Germany, and Russia.

d. Great Britain, France, and China.

e. Germany, Italy, and Russia.

OBJ: 1. Assess how German and Japanese actions led to the outbreak of war in Europe and in Asia.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: The Expanding Axis

MSC: Remembering

9. What was the treaty that granted Hitler the Sudeten territory in Czechoslovakia in an attempt to “appease” him and secure “peace for our time”?

a. The Versailles Treaty

b. Destroyers for Bases Agreement

c. The Munich Pact

d. The Atlantic Charter

e. The German-Soviet Non-aggression Pact

OBJ: 1. Assess how German and Japanese actions led to the outbreak of war in Europe and in Asia.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Anschluss and the Munich Pact (1938)

MSC: Remembering

10. The Anschluss refers to when Germany took over

a. Belgium.

b. Great Britain.

c. Poland.

d. Austria.

e. Czechoslovakia.

OBJ: 1. Assess how German and Japanese actions led to the outbreak of war in Europe and in Asia.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Anschluss and the Munich Pact (1938)

MSC: Remembering

11. World War II started when

a. the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor.

b. the Germans invaded Poland.

c. England declared war on Germany after they invaded France.

d. France was defeated by Germany.

e. the United States declared war on Japan.

OBJ: 1. Assess how German and Japanese actions led to the outbreak of war in Europe and in Asia.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: The Conquest of Poland

MSC: Remembering

12. In response to Italy’s invasion of Ethiopia, the United States passed the

a. Anti-Immigration law.

b. Munich Pact.

c. Neutrality Acts.

d. Destroyers for Bases Agreement.

e. Nye Committee’s findings.

OBJ: 2. Evaluate how President Roosevelt and Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia between 1933 and 1941.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: U.S. Neutrality

MSC: Remembering

13. At the start of World War II, citizens of the United States

a. demanded the United States declare war on England.

b. demanded the United States declare war on Germany.

c. formed associations to send money and necessary items to England.

d. maintained their isolationist stance.

e. pushed for a peace treaty between Germany and England.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: U.S. Neutrality

MSC: Applying

14. In 1937, President Roosevelt announced that if a warring nation were to try and purchase military goods from the United States, they should expect to

a. no longer trade with the United States.

b. receive the support of U.S. troops as well.

c. pay cash for the items, and find a way to carry it back to their nation.

d. run into problems with German submarines.

e. pay a sizeable down payment and a war tax, since the United States was neutral.

OBJ: 2. Evaluate how President Roosevelt and Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia between 1933 and 1941.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: U.S. Neutrality

MSC: Applying

15. In 1939, Roosevelt had Congress modify the Neutrality Acts to allow

a. Allied nations to receive credit to buy American war material.

b. France and England to send their ships to get American goods.

c. Americans to volunteer to fight the Axis for other nations.

d. Japan to be barred from trading with the United States.

e. China to receive weaponry for free.

OBJ: 2. Evaluate how President Roosevelt and Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia between 1933 and 1941.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: U.S. Neutrality

MSC: Applying

16. Which of the following did Roosevelt do in 1940?

a. He called for a military draft and an increase in the U.S. forces so that if war came, America would be prepared.

b. He met with Hitler and personally tried to negotiate a cease-fire with Germany before the war got too bloody.

c. He prevented atomic weapons research in the United States because of limited resources and the belief that Germans had not tried to make atomic bombs.

d. He declared war on Poland, invading an important demilitarized zone there and angering Hitler.

e. He convinced Stalin to switch sides and join the Allies by promising him part of northern and eastern Europe at the end of the war.

OBJ: 2. Evaluate how President Roosevelt and Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia between 1933 and 1941.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Preparing America for War

MSC: Understanding

17. To assist Great Britain and their need for supplies, Roosevelt secured an agreement to give Great Britain a number of old U.S. warships in exchange for

a. the ability to build military bases on British island colonies in the Caribbean.

b. increased British patrol of the areas infested with German U-boats.

c. an increase in British efforts to stop Hitler’s massacre of the Jews in Germany.

d. millions of dollars to help boost the U.S. economy.

e. their promise to aid the U.S. in defeating the Japanese after the fall of Hitler.

OBJ: 2. Evaluate how President Roosevelt and Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia between 1933 and 1941.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Preparing America for War

MSC: Applying

18. What decision did Roosevelt make in September 1940 that even Eleanor Roosevelt disagreed with?

a. He declared war on Germany.

b. He escorted British ships across the Atlantic.

c. He allowed American banks to loan money to the Allies.

d. He called for peacetime conscription.

e. He ended segregation in the military.

OBJ: 2. Evaluate how President Roosevelt and Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia between 1933 and 1941.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Preparing America for War

MSC: Analyzing

19. What was the result of the Battle of Britain in 1940?

a. Although German air strikes killed tens of thousands of British civilians, the Royal Air Force used new radar technology to win the battle.

b. Winston Churchill’s approval ratings as prime minister plummeted, as Great Britain grew convinced that they would lose the war.

c. The British gave up control of a number of their ports to the Germans, as the Germans had launched a primarily naval attack.

d. The British managed to avoid major civilian casualties and experienced little damage to their major cities.

e. Thanks to their Luftwaffe air force, the German military won their first victory after a series of major losses.

OBJ: 2. Evaluate how President Roosevelt and Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia between 1933 and 1941.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: The Battle of Britain

MSC: Analyzing

20. In the 1940 presidential election, Roosevelt promoted ____________, whereas his opponent favored _________.

a. isolationism; intervention

b. intervention; isolationism

c. preparedness; isolationism

d. isolationism; preparedness

e. warmongering; preparedness

OBJ: 3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Roosevelt’s Third Term

MSC: Understanding

21. The __________ allowed the president to provide military aid to any nation that he deemed needed it.

a. Cash Carry Bill

b. Munich Pact

c. Lend-Lease Bill

d. War Powers Act

e. Tripartite Pact

OBJ: 2. Evaluate how President Roosevelt and Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia between 1933 and 1941.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: The Lend-Lease Bill

MSC: Remembering

22. The Atlantic Charter in 1941 was a joint statement of “common principles” between

a. Hitler and Hirohito.

b. Roosevelt and Churchill.

c. Roosevelt and Chamberlain.

d. Hitler and Mussolini.

e. Stalin and Mussolini.

OBJ: 2. Evaluate how President Roosevelt and Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia between 1933 and 1941.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: The Atlantic Charter

MSC: Remembering

23. What occurred when Japan stated that they were taking control of French Indochina in 1941?

a. Roosevelt froze all Japanese financial assets in the United States and restricted oil exports.

b. The Chinese military supported the Japanese troops, giving them access to railroads.

c. The French and U.S. militaries started conducting raids in Hawaii.

d. The U.S. military started firebombing Tokyo, Japan.

e. Roosevelt formally declared war on Japan and invaded French Indochina.

OBJ: 2. Evaluate how President Roosevelt and Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia between 1933 and 1941.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: The Tripartite Pact

MSC: Understanding

24. Why was the attack on Pearl Harbor significant?

a. It demonstrated the Japanese naval commander’s belief that the only way Japan could defeat the United States was through a long war.

b. It showed that the United States was too quick to lift embargoes on Japan and other warring nations.

c. It was a surprise attack that immediately caused the United States to enter the war and brought the isolationist movement to an abrupt end.

d. It was a highly successful victory for the Japanese militarily due to their destruction of U.S. aircraft carriers.

e. It caused the war henceforth to become more localized in the Pacific and less of a global conflict.

OBJ: 2. Evaluate how President Roosevelt and Congress responded to the outbreak of wars in Europe and Asia between 1933 and 1941.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: The Attack on Pearl Harbor

MSC: Evaluating

25. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, Congress passed the _____________, which gave the president the ability to reorganize the government to make it more effective during war.

a. Lend-Lease Bill

b. War Powers Act

c. Neutrality Act

d. Munich Pact

e. Tripartite Pact

OBJ: 3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Mobilization at Home

MSC: Understanding

26. Which organization oversaw the conversion of American industries to war production?

a. War Production Board

b. War Powers Commission

c. Interstate Commerce Commission

d. Public Works Administration

e. Works Progress Administration

OBJ: 3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Arsenal of Democracy

MSC: Understanding

27. Which of the following did Congress do to help finance the war?

a. It ordered the removal of price ceilings, instead allowing prices to fluctuate.

b. It required that the government stop borrowing money during the war years.

c. It lowered taxes so people would spend more and thus generate more revenue.

d. It raised tax rates through the Revenue Act of 1942.

e. It decreased the number of Americans who were required to pay an income tax.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Financing the War

MSC: Applying

28. Which of the following statements correctly characterizes the lives of U.S. workers during World War II?

a. Most workers experienced a better life than during the Great Depression.

b. Unemployment rates soared because of the focus on the military.

c. Workers were hardest hit when the United States ran out of food at the end of the war.

d. The number of federal workers decreased.

e. Few women were allowed to join the work force.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Financing the War

MSC: Understanding

29. The Office of Price Administration attempted to combat inflation during World War II by

a. abolishing price controls.

b. ordering a rapid increase in wages for workers and businesses.

c. stabilizing and freezing prices.

d. limiting the number of job opportunities on the West Coast.

e. shifting away from war production to provide for consumer demand.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Economic Controls

MSC: Understanding

30. Which of the following statements accurately describes the experiences of American women during World War II?

a. Women were allowed to join the military, but very few did because the government largely discouraged it.

b. Women still were not allowed to join the military but found other ways to contribute, including as nurses and factory workers.

c. The government launched a promotional campaign to recruit women to the military and established women’s branches of the army and navy.

d. Women met little opposition by men when they took on traditionally male jobs, such as in manufacturing.

e. The wartime requirement that women stay home and take care of children marked a major step backward, delaying the emergence of the feminist movement.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: Women in the War

MSC: Understanding

31. During World War II, more than a half million _________ left the South because of better job opportunities in other parts of the United States, especially the West.

a. Irish Americans

b. Mexican Americans

c. African Americans

d. Japanese Americans

e. Chinese Americans

OBJ: 3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: African Americans

MSC: Remembering

32. Which of the following is true of discrimination in the U.S. armed services during World War II?

a. Native Americans were forbidden from serving in regular units with whites.

b. The military segregated African Americans and at first excluded them from combat.

c. Mexican Americans, though serving bravely, were not eligible for the Congressional Medal of Honor.

d. Having learned from World War I, the Army refused to allow the segregation of black soldiers.

e. Only whites were permitted to serve as “code talkers,” deciphering and encoding messages.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: African Americans in Uniform

MSC: Applying

33. Which of the following occurred under the bracero program in 1942?

a. Violence and prejudice toward Hispanics in the United States subsided, especially in southern California.

b. A large number of Mexican Americans were deported because of an overabundance of farmworkers.

c. Mexico agreed to send seasonal farmworkers to the United States on yearlong contracts.

d. Mexican Americans, along with other minority groups, were forbidden from joining the U.S. military.

e. The populations of western cities fell dramatically as Mexican Americans moved to urban areas on the East Coast.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Mexicans and Mexican Americans

MSC: Remembering

34. What did Executive Order 9066 do?

a. Because of an overabundance of farmworkers in rural areas, it prohibited Mexicans from traveling to the United States for work.

b. It established a board to direct the conversion of industrial output in America to war production.

c. It permitted the U.S. military to use atomic weapons on Japan and Germany if they did not surrender unconditionally.

d. After hysteria in America after the attack on Pearl Harbor, it allowed for the forced relocation of Japanese Americans on the West Coast to internment camps.

e. It gave the President unprecedented power to arrest and detain any Americans suspected of communism during the war, ultimately resulting in their deaths.

OBJ: 3. Analyze the effects of the Second World War on American Society.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Discrimination against Japanese Americans

MSC: Remembering

35. The Allied invasion of Europe by the Allied Expeditionary Force was known as Operation

a. Husky.

b. Nightbreed.

c. Rolling Thunder.

d. Overlord.

e. Gibraltar.

OBJ: 4. Explain the major factors that enabled the United States and its allies to win the war in Europe.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Planning an Invasion

MSC: Applying

36. The Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force was

a. Dwight Eisenhower.

b. Bernard Montgomery.

c. George S. Patton.

d. William McKinley.

e. James McPherson.

OBJ: 4. Explain the major factors that enabled the United States and its allies to win the war in Europe.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Planning an Invasion

MSC: Remembering

37. The commander of the German forces at Normandy who was at home during the invasion was

a. Adolph Hitler.

b. Paul Leudendorf.

c. Albert Schweitzer.

d. Herman Goering.

e. Erwin Rommel.

OBJ: 4. Explain the major factors that enabled the United States and its allies to win the war in Europe.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: The Normandy Landings

MSC: Remembering

38. Which of the following was agreed to at the Yalta conference?

a. Hitler would formally surrender, and Germany would be divided in half.

b. Berlin, the German capital, would remain completely under Western European control.

c. The Allied powers would drop atomic bombs on Japan.

d. The Soviets would have a sphere of influence in Eastern Europe.

e. The Soviets were to stay out of the Pacific theater of the war.

OBJ: 4. Explain the major factors that enabled the United States and its allies to win the war in Europe.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: The Yalta Conference

MSC: Remembering

39. What did American soldiers discover upon reaching the interior of Germany in 1945?

a. The Soviet decision at the end of the war to switch sides and support the Axis Powers

b. Concentration camps where the Nazis systematically murdered millions of Jews and so-called undesirables

c. Hitler’s escape to the Soviet Union, where he would live out the remaining years of his life

d. The Nazi victory over the Soviet troops that had infiltrated and attacked Berlin

e. The continuation of the Nazi Reich following Hitler’s suicide

OBJ: 4. Explain the major factors that enabled the United States and its allies to win the war in Europe.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: The Holocaust

MSC: Applying

40. At the Battle of __________, the threat of Japan seizing Australia was ended.

a. the Java Sea

b. Midway

c. the Coral Sea

d. Tarawa

e. Pearl Harbor

OBJ: 5. Describe how the Japanese were defeated in the war in the Pacific.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Coral Sea and Midway

MSC: Applying

41. What event helped the United States defeat the Japanese at Midway?

a. The Japanese military code had been deciphered by the Americans.

b. Radar alerted the forces there to the impending invasion.

c. A flight of B-17s discovered the invasion force.

d. Russian intelligence provided key information about the Japanese battle fleet.

e. American submarines had discovered the flotilla and radioed Midway that they were about to be attacked.

OBJ: 5. Describe how the Japanese were defeated in the war in the Pacific.

NAT: Events and Processes

TOP: Coral Sea and Midway

MSC: Remembering

42. The Japanese Army’s first defeat during World War II occurred at the Battle of

a. Midway.

b. Coral Sea.

c. Guadalcanal.

d. New Guinea.

e. Australia.

OBJ: 5. Describe how the Japanese were defeated in the war in the Pacific.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: MacArthur’s Pacific Strategy

MSC: Applying

43. The process employed in the Pacific during World War II in which an island under occupation by the Japanese was ignored in favor of an island closer to the Japanese homeland was called

a. leapfrogging.

b. skipping.

c. hopscotch.

d. daisy chain.

e. aggressive diplomacy.

OBJ: 5. Describe how the Japanese were defeated in the war in the Pacific.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: MacArthur’s Pacific Strategy

MSC: Applying

44. Why did the Japanese often experience such high casualty rates during World War II?

a. Americans refused to accept their surrender.

b. They refused to surrender.

c. They were barely trained and often ran into gunfire.

d. They were forced to fight and did not have the heart to do so effectively.

e. They often ran out of fuel.

OBJ: 5. Describe how the Japanese were defeated in the war in the Pacific.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: MacArthur’s Pacific Strategy

MSC: Understanding

45. The Japanese word for “divine wind” used to refer to suicide pilots is

a. saki.

b. kamikaze.

c. bonzai.

d. kemptai.

e. bushido.

OBJ: 5. Describe how the Japanese were defeated in the war in the Pacific.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Battles in the Central Pacific

MSC: Applying

46. The largest naval engagement in history occurred at the Battle of

a. Midway.

b. Leyte Gulf.

c. Coral Sea.

d. Pearl Harbor.

e. Tarawa.

OBJ: 5. Describe how the Japanese were defeated in the war in the Pacific.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Battles in the Central Pacific

MSC: Understanding

47. The first atomic bomb was dropped on

a. Hiroshima.

b. Nagasaki.

c. Tokyo.

d. Kyoto.

e. Hanoi.

OBJ: 5. Describe how the Japanese were defeated in the war in the Pacific.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: The Atomic Bomb

MSC: Applying

48. Which of the following statements is true?

a. After the Second World War, the United States returned to isolationism.

b. After World War II, America went into another deep economic depression.

c. After World War II, Stalin lived up to all the agreements he made at Yalta.

d. For every American killed in World War II, the Russians lost fifty-nine.

e. World War II resulted in fewer casualties than World War I.

OBJ: 6. Evaluate the efforts of President Roosevelt and the Allies to shape the postwar world.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: A New Age Is Born

MSC: Evaluating

49. To prevent another world war from erupting after the second one came to an end, the _____________ was created.

a. League of Nations

b. United Nations

c. Guardians of the Globe

d. World League Organization

e. World Court

OBJ: 6. Evaluate the efforts of President Roosevelt and the Allies to shape the postwar world.

NAT: Change and Continuity

TOP: Yalta’s Legacy and the Postwar World

MSC: Remembering

50. At this conference, representatives from Russia, England, and the United States proposed the division of Europe after World War II ended.

a. Tripoli

b. Morocco

c. Yalta

d. Paris

e. Tokyo

OBJ: 6. Evaluate the efforts of President Roosevelt and the Allies to shape the postwar world.

NAT: Historical Period

TOP: Yalta’s Legacy and the Postwar World

MSC: Applying

ESSAY

1. Describe the major steps in America’s move away from neutrality between 1935 and 1941.

Answer will vary.

2. What were the effects of the war on American women and minority groups in the United States? Would you describe the overall effects as positive, negative, or some mixture? Why?

Answer will vary.

3. Why did America drop the atomic bomb on Japan? Was the action justified?

Answer will vary.

4. Detail how the United States financed World War II and what impact the war had on the U.S. economy.

Answer will vary.

5. What lessons does the D-day offensive offer about the significance of preparation and planning for the success of an operation? What other factors beyond preparation and planning does the D-day invasion suggest one consider when assessing why certain operations fail or succeed?

Answer will vary.

6. Detail the Yalta Conference, and explain its importance to the postwar world.

Answer will vary.

7. What led to the outbreak of the Second World War? Pay particular attention to the actions of the Germans and the Japanese.

Answer will vary.

8. Discuss the factors that led to the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor.

Answer will vary.

9. In what ways did World War II contribute to the growth of the federal government?

Answer will vary.

10. Why was there tension among the Allies during the war, and what long-term impact did it have?

Answer will vary.

MATCHING

Match each person with one of the following descriptions.

a. Was the Democratic presidential candidate in 1944

b. Headed the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters

c. Headed Operation Overlord

d. Was an American admiral in Pacific

e. Lost the presidential election in 1944

f. Was elected vice president in 1944

g. Alerted Roosevelt to German research on nuclear fission

h. Directed construction of atomic bombs

i. Launched Italy’s reconquest of Ethiopia in 1935

j. Claimed that the Munich treaty provided “[P]eace for our time. Peace with honor.”

k. Became Prime Minister of Great Britain in 1940 and led them through the war

1. Franklin D. Roosevelt

2. Dwight D. Eisenhower

3. Harry Truman

4. Albert Einstein

5. Chester Nimitz

6. Thomas E. Dewey

7. J. Robert Oppenheimer

8. A. Philip Randolph

9. Benito Mussolini

10. Neville Chamberlain

11. Winston Churchill