Test Bank Docx Body Tissues and Membranes Chapter 4

Student name:__________

TRUE/FALSE - Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
1) Simple epithelium has two or more layers.

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⊚ false

2) Simple squamous epithelium is found in the alveoli of the lungs and in capillaries.

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⊚ false

3) All types of epithelial cells have the ability to slide with respect to each other.

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⊚ false

4) The superficial layer of keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue is made up of dead cells with no nuclei.

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⊚ false

5) The main difference between regular dense and irregular dense connective tissue is how the collagen fibers are arranged.

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⊚ false

6) Reticular connective tissue is a type of connective tissue proper.

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⊚ false

7) Spaces between bony bars of spongy bone contain yellow marrow.

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⊚ false

8) Spongy bone is composed of bony plates called trabeculae.

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⊚ false

9) Blood is special in that it has a fluid matrix that is not made by the cells of the blood.

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⊚ false

10) Blood cells are formed in the liver.

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⊚ false

11) Striations are structures that join cardiac muscle cells together with gap junctions.

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⊚ false

12) Neuroglia outnumber neurons within the brain.

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⊚ false

13) Leukemias account for 90% of all human cancers.

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⊚ false

14) An alkylating agentis an example of rational drug design since it can be used against a wide range of cancer types.

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⊚ false

15) Adhesion junctions are found between cells of the cervix to keep it from ripping during labor and delivery.

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⊚ false

16) Another name for the cutaneous membrane is the pleura.

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⊚ false

CHECK ALL THE APPLY. Choose all options that best completes the statement or answers the question.
17) Choose the four major types of tissues in the body.

A) Nervous
B) Muscle
C) Connective
D) Cartilage
E) Epthelial

18) Which are formed elements of the blood? Choose all that apply.

A) Erythrocyte
B) Megakaryocyte
C) Leukocyte
D) Thrombocyte

19) Which muscle type can contract on its own, without nervous or endocrine input? Choose all that apply.

A) Skeletal
B) Smooth
C) Cardiac

20) Which muscle type can contract on its own, without nervous or endocrine input? Choose all that apply.

A) Skeletal
B) Smooth
C) Cardiac

21) Which are parts of a neuron? Choose all that apply.

A) Intercalated disk
B) Dendrite
C) Axon
D) Cell body
E) Lacuna

MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
22) Like the heart, most organs are made up of _____ types of tissue(s).

A) 4
B) 2
C) 3
D) 1

23) Epithelial tissue

A) Prevents drying.
B) Secretes mucus.
C) Absorbs molecules.
D) All apply.

24) Which type of tissue covers surfaces and lines cavities?

A) Connective
B) Epithelial
C) Muscle
D) Connective and muscle

25) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epithelial tissue?

A) It readily divides to produce new cells.
B) It has a basement membrane to connect to underlying tissue.
C) It has many blood vessels to support its nutrient needs.
D) It always has a free surface.

26) Which of the following is NOT a shape of epithelial tissue cells?

A) Unipolar
B) Squamous
C) Columnar
D) Cuboidal

27) What type of epithelium is most conducive to simple diffusion?

A) Simple columnar
B) Pseudostratified columnar
C) Stratified squamous
D) Simple squamous

28) Which type of epithelium would be best for providing protection against abrasion?

A) Simple cuboidal epithelium
B) Transitional epithelium
C) Stratified squamous epithelium
D) Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

29) Several layers of epithelial cells with columnar basal cells and squamous free surface cells would be called

A) pseudostratified columnar epithelium.
B) stratified squamous epithelium.
C) stratified columnar epithelium.
D) simple squamous-columnar epithelium.

30) What type of epithelium is often found in glands and kidney tubules?

A) Simple cuboidal
B) Simple squamous
C) Stratified squamous
D) Pseudostratified columnar

31) What is the purpose of goblet cells found in columnar epithelium?

A) Secrete mucus
B) Secrete digestive enzymes
C) Secrete water
D) All apply.

32) Specialized columnar cells that secrete mucus onto the surfaces of the tissue are called

A) adipose cells.
B) surface cells.
C) goblet cells.
D) endocrine cells.

33) Epithelial cells of kidney tubules may have many microvilli. What is the reason for the microvilli?

A) Protection from abrasion
B) More surface area for reabsorption
C) Sweeping away debris
D) Lubrication

34) What type of tissue lines the inside of the small intestine?

A) Stratified squamous epithelium
B) Loose connective
C) Simple columnar epithelium
D) Simple cuboidal epithelium

35) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelial tissue is found in the

A) skin.
B) trachea.
C) blood vessels.
D) digestive tract.

36) What type of epithelium is found in the urinary bladder and allows it to stretch and slide to create a barrier?

A) Simple columnar epithelium
B) Stratified squamous epithelium
C) Stratified cuboidal epithelium
D) Transitional epithelium

37) Parts of the male urethra are lined by a multi layered tissue with elongated cells. This type of tissue is known as

A) stratified squamous.
B) stratified columnar.
C) pseudostratified columnar.
D) transitional.

38) What type of tissue provides the protective, moist lining of the mouth?

A) Transitional
B) Stratified cuboidal
C) Non-keratinized stratified squamous
D) Keratinizedstratified squamous

39) Which type of tissue binds and supports body parts?

A) Epithelium
B) Nervous
C) Connective
D) Muscular

40) Which tissue contains an extensive extracellular matrix?

A) Muscle
B) Nervous
C) Connective
D) Epithelial

41) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of connective tissue?

A) All types are avascular.
B) It has a non-living extracellular matrix.
C) It contains fibers as well as cells.
D) Can be a solid, semifluid, or a fluid.

42) Unlike epithelial tissues, connective tissues derive their traits mainly from the characteristics of

A) their matrix.
B) the neighboring tissue.
C) the number of layers they contain.
D) hormonal factors.

43) Which type of fiber found in connective tissue provides the most strength (while still allowing flexibility)?

A) Reticular
B) Collagen
C) Keratin
D) Elastic

44) Which of the following is connective tissue?

A) Muscle
B) Nervous tissue
C) Glandular tissue
D) Cartilage

45) What is the dominant cell found in fibrous connective tissue?

A) Osteocyte
B) Chondrocyte
C) Erythrocyte
D) Fibroblast

46) What type of connective tissue is composed of all three types of fibers, has a spiderweb appearance, and binds tissues together?

A) Dense connective tissue
B) Adipose tissue
C) Reticular connective tissue
D) Areolar connective tissue

47) Which of the following is a type of loose fibrous connective tissue?

A) Tendons
B) Cartilage
C) Adipose tissue
D) Ligaments

48) What type of connective tissue is made of enlarged fibroblasts that are filled with fat, and provides insulation, padding, and energy storage?

A) Adipose tissue
B) Areolar connective tissue
C) Dense connective tissue
D) Aponeuroses

49) Which of the following connects muscles to bones?

A) Tendons
B) Cartilage
C) Adipose tissue
D) Ligaments

50) Which of the following is NOT an example of dense connective tissue?

A) Aponeuroses
B) Dermis of the skin
C) Ligaments
D) Lymph nodes

51) Lymphatic tissue is composed of

A) loose connective tissue.
B) reticular connective tissue.
C) dense irregular connective tissue.
D) dense regular connective tissue.

52) Which tissue has lacunae?

A) Bone
B) Cartilage
C) Tendons
D) Bone and cartilage

53) Which of the following is the most common type of cartilage?

A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Fibrocartilage

54) Where may cartilage be found?

A) Trachea
B) Outer ear
C) Ends of long bones
D) All apply.

55) What type of cartilage makes up the fetal skeleton?

A) Fibrocartilage
B) Hyaline cartilage
C) Elastic cartilage

56) What type of cartilage makes up the frame of the outer ear?

A) Fibrocartilage
B) Hyaline cartilage
C) Elastic cartilage

57) What type of cartilage makes up the intervertebral disks?

A) Fibrocartilage
B) Hyaline cartilage
C) Elastic cartilage

58) What substances are found in bone?

A) Calcium salts
B) Collagen fibers
C) Both calcium salts and collagen fibers

59) What type of tissue is made of cylinders called osteons or Haversian systems?

A) Compact bone
B) Hyaline cartilage
C) Adipose tissue
D) Spongy bone

60) Blood vessels and nerves run through the center of osteons in

A) trabeculae.
B) lacunae.
C) central canals.

61) What are found in lacunae of bone?

A) Blood vessels
B) Bone cells
C) Nerves
D) Blood vessels and nerves

62) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of spongy bone?

A) Made of bony plates called trabeculae
B) Blood cells are produced within its marrow
C) Made of bony rings called lamellae
D) Lighter than compact bone, but still strong

63) Which of the following is NOT a formed element found in blood?

A) Erythrocytes
B) Plasma
C) Leukocytes
D) Thrombocytes

64) What characteristic makes blood different from other types of connective tissue?

A) Blood is made of several types of cells.
B) Blood matrix is not made by the blood cells.
C) Blood has no matrix.
D) All apply.

65) Megakaryocytes are large cells that give rise to

A) platelets.
B) red blood cells.
C) white blood cells.
D) plasma.

66) Actin and myosin are found in

A) muscle.
B) bone.
C) blood.
D) cartilage.

67) Skeletal muscle is

A) striated and voluntary.
B) striated and involuntary.
C) smooth and involuntary.

68) Intestinal muscle is

A) striated and voluntary.
B) striated and involuntary.
C) smooth and involuntary.

69) Which type of muscle tissue contains branched fibers?

A) Skeletal muscle
B) Smooth muscle
C) Cardiac muscle
D) Skeletal and cardiac muscles

70) Which type of muscle tissue has cells containing multiple nuclei?

A) Skeletal muscle
B) Smooth muscle
C) Cardiac muscle
D) Smooth and cardiac muscles

71) Cardiac muscle is

A) striated and voluntary.
B) striated and involuntary.
C) smooth and involuntary.

72) Which type of muscle has intercalated disks?

A) Skeletal muscle
B) Smooth muscle
C) Cardiac muscle
D) Both smooth and cardiac muscles.

73) A neuron is a

A) muscle cell.
B) nerve cell.
C) fiber cell.
D) cartilage cell.

74) Which contains the nucleus?

A) Axon
B) Dendrite
C) Cell body
D) Axon and dendrite

75) Nerves are primarily composed of

A) axons.
B) dendrites.
C) cell bodies.
D) All apply.

76) The part of a neuron that conducts impulses (signals) is its

A) axon.
B) dendrite.
C) nucleus.
D) All apply.

77) Neuroglia are associated with

A) bone cells.
B) neurons.
C) muscle fibers.
D) blood cells.

78) Which type of neuroglia is phagocytotic and engulfs bacteria?

A) Astrocytes
B) Oligodendrocytes
C) Schwann cells
D) Microglia

79) Which type of neuroglia forms the myelin sheath around nerves outside the brain and spinal cord?

A) Ependymal cells
B) Astrocytes
C) Schwann cells
D) Oligodendrocytes

80) Which type of neuroglia line the ventricles of the brain?

A) Ependymal cells
B) Microglia
C) Schwann cells
D) Astrocytes

81) Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes form _______, with gaps between them that are called _______.

A) nerves; intercalated disks
B) tracts; nerves
C) myelin sheaths; nodes of Ranvier
D) nerves; nodes of Ranvier

82) Cancers of epithelial tissues are called

A) sarcomas.
B) carcinomas.
C) leukemias.
D) lymphomas.

83) Cancers of connective tissue such as bone are called

A) sarcomas.
B) carcinomas.
C) leukemias.
D) lymphomas.

84) Leukemia is a cancer of

A) the blood.
B) epithelial tissue.
C) connective tissue.
D) the brain.

85) Lymphoma is a cancer of

A) reticular tissue.
B) blood.
C) bone.
D) epithelial tissue.

86) A cancer that travels to invade healthy tissue is said to

A) be benign.
B) be mutated.
C) have metastasized.
D) None apply.

87) Which of the following are known carcinogens?

A) Viruses
B) Excessive radiation
C) Certain chemicals
D) All apply.

88) Any influence that causes a mutated cell to begin uncontrollable growth is called a(n)

A) initiator.
B) carcinogen.
C) promoter.
D) vasculizer.

89) What procedure uses a variety of drugs to kill cancer cells?

A) Radiation
B) Chemotherapy
C) Gene therapy
D) Surgery

90) HeLacells derive from Henrietta Lacks who suffered from ______ cancer.

A) lung
B) cervical
C) skin
D) bone

91) Immunotherapy using antibodies blocking the action ofVEGFhelps treat cancer by

A) preventing skin cells from undergoing rapid mitosis.
B) preventing cancer cells from stimulatinggrowth of new capillaries.
C) stimulating natural killer cells to attack cancer cells.
D) providing a target for radiation therapy.

92) Which type of extracellular junction forms an impermeable barrier between cells?

A) Gap junction
B) Adhesion junction
C) Membrane junction
D) Tight junction

93) Which extracellular junction allows for the transfer of materials between adjacent cells?

A) Adhesion junction
B) Gap junction
C) Tight junction
D) Membrane junction

94) What is the function of an adhesion junction?

A) To create an impermeable barrier between cells
B) To keep cells from pulling apart
C) To allow materials to pass from cell to cell
D) None apply.

95) Glands are mostly made of

A) epithelial cells.
B) muscle cells.
C) nerve cells.
D) blood cells.

96) Most glands secrete their product by

A) phagocytosis.
B) pinocytosis.
C) endocytosis.
D) exocytosis.

97) Glands that secrete products into ducts are called

A) exocrine.
B) endocrine.
C) hormonal.
D) endocrine and hormonal.

98) Glands that secrete products directly into the blood are

A) exocrine glands.
B) endocrine glands.
C) goblet glands.
D) plasma glands.

99) Where would a mucous membrane be found?

A) Lining internal cavities and ducts
B) Lining tubes and organs that open to the outside
C) Covering the surface of internal organs
D) Covering the brain and spinal cord

100) Mucus secreted by mucous membranes mainly serves as a protection against

A) excessive sugar absorption.
B) trauma.
C) cold and hot.
D) viruses and bacteria.

101) Which type of membrane lines body cavities that are NOT open to the environment?

A) Cutaneous
B) Serous
C) Mucous

102) The parietal pleura

A) lines the abdominal cavity.
B) covers the lungs.
C) covers the digestive organs.
D) lines the thoracic wall.

103) Which membrane covers the surface of the heart?

A) Visceral peritoneum
B) Parietal pericardium
C) Visceral pleura
D) Visceral pericardium

104) Which membrane lines the abdominal cavity?

A) Visceral peritoneum
B) Parietal peritoneum
C) Parietal pericardium
D) Parietal pleura

105) Which type of membrane lines the cavities of freely movable joints such as the shoulder?

A) Synovial
B) Cutaneous
C) Serous
D) Mucous

106) Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with

A) meninges.
B) synovial membranes.
C) mucous membranes.
D) All apply.

107) What membranes protect the brain and spinal cord?

A) Mucous membranes
B) Synovial membranes
C) Meninges
D) Cutaneous membranes

108) Which of the membranes are made only of connective tissue?

A) Meninges
B) Cutaneous membranes
C) Serous membranes
D) Mucous membranes

109) Meningitis is inflammation of membranes located in the ________ body cavity.

A) anterior
B) posterior
C) inferior
D) lateral

110) A doubled fold of peritoneum that supports organs within the abdomen is the

A) pleural membrane.
B) mesentery.
C) parietal membrane.
D) serosa.