Test Bank Chapter 14 Sexually Transmitted Infections Fahey

Fit & Well (Fahey), 13e

Chapter 14 Sexually Transmitted Infections

1) In the United States, which sexually transmitted infection (STI) represents the highest number of new cases annually?

A) chlamydia

B) gonorrhea

C) syphilis

D) HPV

2) What does HIV attack?

A) the lungs

B) genital secretions

C) the immune system

D) blood circulation

3) Which lifestyle factor supports immune function?

A) lack of sleep

B) worrying

C) vigorous exercise

D) good nutrition

4) On average, how much time passes between the initial HIV infection and the onset of major disease symptoms in an untreated person?

A) hours

B) days

C) months

D) years

5) HIV is least likely to be transmitted by

A) blood products.

B) semen.

C) vaginal secretions.

D) sweat.

6) Where can the HIV virus survive?

A) on bed linens

B) in blood

C) on toilet seats

D) on eating utensils

7) What is the most common method of HIV transmission?

A) having unprotected sex

B) sharing needles to inject drugs

C) using acupuncture needles

D) comingling saliva when kissing

8) Which statement about the transmission of HIV is true?

A) The presence of genital blisters does not increase the risk of HIV transmission.

B) During vaginal intercourse, male-to-female transmission is more likely than the reverse.

C) HIV is not transmitted by the needles used in acupuncture or tattooing.

D) The risk of transfusion-related HIV transmission has increased.

9) Vertical transmission of HIV refers to which type of transmission?

A) male-to-female

B) female-to-male

C) mother-to-child

D) blood donor-to-blood recipient

10) What directly or indirectly causes about 6% to 9% of all new U.S. cases of HIV?

A) sharing of drug injection equipment contaminated with HIV

B) the blood supply in licensed blood banks

C) the blood supply in licensed plasma centers

D) perinatal transmission

11) Which group accounted for over half of all new HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa in 2015?

A) women

B) gay men

C) intravenous drug users

D) sex workers

12) Programs designed to educate people and prevent HIV transmission are

A) usually universally welcomed by communities.

B) often hindered by social and religious institutions.

C) typically widely available to at-risk groups around the world.

D) largely ineffective and expensive.

13) Which infection is most often seen in HIV patients?

A) Pneumocystis pneumonia

B) Kaposi's sarcoma

C) tuberculosis

D) syphilis

14) What is the most commonly used test to screen for HIV infection?

A) a microscopic examination of cervical cells

B) a blood test that determines if antibodies to the virus are present

C) a laboratory culture of infected cells

D) a blood test that detects the presence of the virus

15) Which tests look for traces of HIV RNA in a patient's blood?

A) ELISA tests

B) nucleic acid tests

C) rapid HIV tests

D) Replication Capacity tests

16) Which type of antiviral drug is used for the treatment of HIV?

A) protective inhibitors

B) inverse transcriptase

C) anti-inflammatory drugs

D) entry inhibitors

17) How can antiviral drugs reduce the effects of HIV?

A) by blocking HIV replication

B) by destroying HIV

C) by neutralizing the effects of HIV

D) by decreasing CD4 T cell counts

18) Which statement about HIV infection is true?

A) It is easily treated.

B) It is preventable.

C) It can be contracted via casual contact.

D) It produces easily recognized symptoms immediately following infection.

19) What is the most effective way to prevent the transmission of HIV?

A) using condoms

B) practicing sexual abstinence

C) limiting the number of sexual partners

D) refraining from sexual activity until all medication is taken

20) Which is the most prevalent bacterial STI in the United States?

A) chlamydia

B) gonorrhea

C) syphilis

D) genital herpes

21) What is epididymitis?

A) inflammation of the liver

B) increased bile pigment levels in the blood

C) inflammation of the sperm-carrying ducts

D) central nervous system damage

22) What is a common complication of gonorrhea and chlamydia?

A) syphilis

B) genital herpes

C) pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

D) human papillomavirus

23) What is the best definition of gonorrhea?

A) a fatal, incurable sexually transmitted viral disease that causes rashes on the skin

B) a sexually transmitted disease caused by a virus and characterized by the appearance of warty growths

C) a sexually transmitted disease caused by bacterium that affects mucous membranes

D) a common viral infection characterized by recurrent outbreaks of blister-like sores

24) Which statement about gonorrhea is true?

A) Gonorrhea is caused by a bacterium that can survive for several hours on objects such as toilet seats.

B) There is no effective treatment for gonorrhea.

C) Gonorrhea is the most prevalent viral STI.

D) Most women with gonorrhea have no symptoms.

25) Which statement about condom use is true?

A) Oil-based lubricants are highly recommended.

B) It is safe to leave condoms in a wallet for up to one week.

C) It is important to remove air bubbles from the reservoir tip.

D) Condoms can be used more than once.

26) Which is the best definition for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?

A) an infection that progresses from the vagina and cervix to infect the oviducts and pelvic cavity

B) a sexually transmitted disease caused by a corkscrew-shaped bacterium

C) a sexually transmitted disease caused by a bacterium that usually affects mucous membranes

D) a common viral infection characterized by recurrent outbreaks of blister like sores

27) Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is the leading cause of which problem in young women?

A) infertility

B) jaundice

C) recurrent blister-like sores

D) cervical cancer

28) For which diagnosis might laparoscopy be used?

A) gonorrhea

B) chlamydia

C) pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

D) epididymitis

29) Which is the best definition of a human papillomavirus (HPV) infection?

A) a fatal, incurable sexually transmitted viral disease that causes a rash on the skin

B) a sexually transmitted disease caused by a virus and characterized by the appearance of warty growths

C) a sexually transmitted disease caused by a bacterium that usually affects mucous membranes

D) a common viral infection characterized by recurrent outbreaks of blister-like sores

30) Which of the following STIs is caused by a virus?

A) chlamydia

B) gonorrhea

C) syphilis

D) genital warts

31) Which organism causes genital warts?

A) herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV 1)

B) herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV 2)

C) human papillomavirus (HPV)

D) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

32) Which STI is linked to cervical cancer?

A) syphilis

B) trichomoniasis

C) human papillomavirus (HPV) infection

D) pelvic inflammatory disease

33) Why are genital warts difficult to treat effectively?

A) They grow into large clusters.

B) Available treatments do not eradicate the virus.

C) The incubation period is very short.

D) The bacterium that causes them is resistant to most antibiotics.

34) The virus HSV 2 is responsible for which sexually transmitted disease?

A) AIDS

B) genital herpes

C) hepatitis B

D) syphilis

35) Which is a common viral infection for which there is no cure?

A) HSV 1

B) syphilis

C) chlamydia

D) gonorrhea

36) Which is the best definition for herpes?

A) a fatal, incurable sexually transmitted viral disease that causes a rash on the skin

B) a sexually transmitted disease caused by a virus and characterized by the appearance of warty growths on the genital area of men and women

C) a sexually transmitted disease caused by a bacterium that affects mucous membranes

D) a common viral infection characterized by recurrent outbreaks of skin lesions

37) For which disease is jaundice a symptom?

A) herpes

B) syphilis

C) chlamydia

D) hepatitis B

38) Which statements about hepatitis B is true?

A) Infection requires sexual exposure.

B) There is no cure for the infection.

C) The virus is only found in blood.

D) It kills approximately 22,000 Americans per year.

39) Which of the following STIs is curable with current therapies?

A) herpes

B) genital warts

C) syphilis

D) hepatitis

40) What is the best definition of syphilis?

A) an infection that progresses from the vagina and cervix to infect the oviducts and pelvic cavity

B) a sexually transmitted disease caused by a bacterium called Treponema pallidum

C) a sexually transmitted disease caused by a bacterium that usually affects mucous membranes

D) a common viral infection characterized by recurrent outbreaks of blister-like sores

41) What does a chancre indicate?

A) pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

B) hepatitis A

C) syphilis

D) HIV

42) Which disease left untreated can lead to dementia, cardiovascular damage, blindness, and death?

A) primary syphilis

B) pelvic inflammatory disease

C) tertiary syphilis

D) chlamydia

43) Which single-celled organism thrives in warm, moist conditions?

A) Chlamydia trachomatis

B) genital warts

C) pubic lice

D) Trichomonas vaginalis

44) Bacterial vaginosis occurs when healthy bacteria that normally inhabit the vagina

A) grow at an uncontrollable rate.

B) move into other parts of the body.

C) are displaced by unhealthy species.

D) die and are not replaced.

45) Which is the only completely reliable way to avoid exposure to sexually transmitted diseases?

A) to abstain from sexual activity

B) to have annual medical examinations

C) to engage in oral sex only

D) to take antibiotics on a regular basis

46) All STIs can be prevented.

47) Some viral STIs are not curable with current therapies.

48) The United States has one of the highest rates of STIs among industrialized nations.

49) Women with STIs face more social and biological ramifications than men with STIs.

50) Destruction of the immune system is signaled by elevated levels of CD4 T cells in the blood.

51) HIV can live on toilet seats and eating utensils.

52) For a male to infect a female with HIV during vaginal intercourse, ejaculation must occur.

53) Most cases of HIV infection continue to occur in impoverished and nonwhite racial populations.

54) HIV infection attacks the immune system, making an individual susceptible to infections.

55) New drugs, such as reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors and entry inhibitors, are able to cure AIDS.

56) Most people with chlamydia have no symptoms.

57) Most women infected with gonorrhea do not have symptoms.

58) Oil-based lubricants can cause condoms to break.

59) Condoms are 100% effective at preventing disease.

60) The use of lubricants containing nonoxynol-9 can help further reduce the risk of HIV transmission when condoms are used.

61) Pelvic inflammatory disease is often a result of untreated gonorrhea or chlamydia.

62) Genital warts can be transmitted when no symptoms are present.

63) Genital herpes is incurable.

64) For herpes to be transmitted, active sores must be present.

65) Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver.

66) Preventive measures for hepatitis B are similar to those for HIV.

67) There is a vaccine for hepatitis B.

68) Neurosyphilis occurs at a late stage in the disease cycle, often 10 to 20 years after the initial infection.

69) Unborn children can contract syphilis through the placenta from an infected mother.

70) Untreated syphilis is potentially fatal.

71) Describe the process of HIV infection and how it affects the body. What treatments are available, and how do they affect the course of the infection?

72) Describe the current pattern of HIV infection in the United States and worldwide. What groups of people and areas of the world are most affected, and what attitudes and beliefs perpetuate its transmission?

73) Briefly describe the different types of tests that are available to screen for HIV infection and determine the status of the infection in HIV-positive people. Who should be tested for HIV infection?

74) Choose a bacterial STI, and describe the symptoms and special problems associated with the infection. List the ways in which the infection may be detected, diagnosed, and treated.

75) Discuss steps people can take to prevent STIs, and briefly discuss any STI education or prevention resources available on your campus.