Test Bank Ch.12 Ethics And Social Responsibility

Chapter 12: Ethics and Social Responsibility

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 01

1) Ethics describe

Feedback: Page reference: Ethical Frameworks

Learning objective: 12.2

a. a set of standards by which individuals can judge behaviors and themselves.

b. a variety of cultural factors such as nationality, ancestry, shared customs, and language.

c. symbolic elements that express the shared emotions and ideals of a culture.

d. a state of virtue and is connected to strongly held religious beliefs.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 02

2) Morality can be thought of as a

Feedback: Page reference: Ethical Frameworks

Learning objective: 12.2

a. ritualistic behavior that has been passed from generation to generation.

b. set of standards by which individuals can judge behaviors and themselves.

c. set of learned ideas, knowledge, and customs of members of a particular society.

d. state of virtue that is often connected to strongly held religious beliefs.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 03

3) What is the ethical framework that holds that the choice leading to the greatest good for the greatest number of people is the most ethical one?

Feedback: Page reference: Ethical Frameworks

Learning objective: 12.1

a. Conventions

b. Acculturation

c. Utilitarianism

d. Materialism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 04

4) The philosophical concept of _______ starts with the observation that all people exist in a society with relationships to one another.

Feedback: Page reference: Ethical Frameworks

Learning objective: 12.1

a. shared value

b. the common good

c. cultural ideology

d. Intersectionality

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 05

5) _______ is a problem that exists with the common good framework of ethical decision-making.

Feedback: Page reference: Ethical Frameworks

Learning objective: 12.1

a. Reverse socialization

b. Consumer misbehavior

c. The tragedy of commons

d. Uncertainty avoidance

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 06

6) The philosophical concept of _______ can trace its origins to South Africa and refers to an interconnected humanness in all of us.

Feedback: Page reference: Ethical Frameworks

Learning objective: 12.1

a. Guanxi

b. vaastu

c. Ubuntu

d. danshari

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 07

7) A behavioral act by a consumer that violates generally accepted consumption rules and disrupts the consumption order is known as

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

a. reverse socialization.

b. the tragedy of commons.

c. consumer misbehavior.

d. a divestment ritual.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 08

8) Materialistic individuals sometimes place too much weight on how much the acquisition of material goods will improve their lives, thus setting themselves up for

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

a. disappointment.

b. fulfilment.

c. gratification.

d. contentment.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 09

9) _______ places a strong emphasis on material goods as a way in which consumers can reach important life goals.

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

a. Utilitarianism

b. Addiction

c. Sustainability

d. Materialism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 10

10) _______ is an obsession with shopping such that it significantly affects the life of the person afflicted.

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

a. Utilitarianism

b. Compulsive buying

c. The tragedy of commons

d. Consumer theft

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 11

11) Compulsive buyers are driven by the pleasurable experience of

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

a. contributing to society.

b. enhancing their self-image.

c. shopping and purchasing.

d. heightened anxiety and stress.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 12

12) _______ refers to stealing as a way to acquire consumer objects.

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

a. Consumer theft

b. Alcoholism

c. Compulsive buying

d. Materialism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 13

13) The _______ model tells us that the most popular items for consumer theft are those that are disposable, removable, valued, available, enjoyed, and concealable.

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

a. VALS

b. SAFER

c. CSR

d. CRAVED

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 14

14) Individuals with a body mass index (BMI) higher than or equal to thirty are considered

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

a. strong.

b. obese.

c. healthy.

d. lean.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 15

15) Some _______ behaviors occur within the marketplace context and are linked to product misuse.

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

a. beneficial

b. constructive

c. dysfunctional

d. utilitarian

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 16

16) Public policy makers try to address the issue of _______ areas, where there are few grocery stores that offer a selection healthy food.

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

a. high-crime

b. food swamp

c. high-income

d. food desert

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 17

17) _______ areas are defined by a high density of fast food and unhealthy food choices.

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

a. Food swamp

b. High-crime

c. Food desert

d. High-income

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 18

18) _______ is a consumption-related misbehavior that involves repeated and problematic gambling.

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

a. Divestment

b. Gambling disorder

c. Consumer theft

d. Gamification

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 19

19) Around the world, 3.3 million deaths per year can be attributed to

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

a. compulsive buying.

b. gambling disorder.

c. alcohol consumption.

d. voluntary simplicity.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 20

20) _______ can be defined as consumption-related misbehaviors in which the individual has a low degree of self-control.

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

a. Morality

b. Conformity

c. Exchange

d. Addiction

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 21

21) The recognition that there are consequences to a consumer’s consumption choices is called

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.5

a. mindful consumption.

b. collective depletion.

c. utilitarianism.

d. attitudinal loyalty.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 22

22) The _______ movement is a trend in which consumers are living a more minimalist lifestyle.

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.5

a. collective

b. danshari

c. reflective

d. morality

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 23

23) _______ consumption starts with a recognition that our consumption choices impact one another and the planet.

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.5

a. Profane

b. Hedonic

c. Sustainable

d. Conspicuous

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 24

24) _______ refers to a lifestyle choice where individuals opt to limit material consumption.

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.5

a. Voluntary simplicity

b. Symbolic consumption

c. Consumer misbehaviour

d. Planned obsolescence

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 25

25) Amish communities participate in

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.5

a. symbolic consumption.

b. planned obsolescence.

c. consumer misbehaviour.

d. voluntary simplicity.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 26

26) Approximately 80 percent of the world’s supply of vanilla comes from _______ and some of its surrounding islands.

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.5

a. Jamaica

b. Australia

c. Mexico

d. Madagascar

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 27

27) Madagascar has seen a massive amount of _______ as individuals cut down forests to plant more vanilla plants.

Feedback: Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.5

a. hurricanes

b. deforestation

c. earthquakes

d. consumption

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 28

28) The business approach that considers the needs of stakeholders and works to achieve economic, social, and environmental success is known as

Feedback: Page reference: Corporate Social Responsibility

Learning objective: 12.6

a. mindful consumption.

b. voluntary simplicity.

c. corporate social responsibility.

d. global consumer culture

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 29

29) Offering easy-to-understand nutritional information on product labels is an example of

Feedback: Page reference: Corporate Social Responsibility

Learning objective: 12.6

a. corporate social responsibility.

b. voluntary simplicity.

c. mindful consumption.

d. sustainable consumption.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 30

30) The concept of _______ is one in which an organization creates economic value for itself and its investors, while also creating social and environmental value.

Feedback: Page reference: Corporate Social Responsibility

Learning objective: 12.6

a. morality

b. common good

c. shared value

d. utilitarianism

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 31

31) Economic value + social & environmental value =

Feedback: Page reference: Corporate Social Responsibility

Learning objective: 12.6

a. utility value.

b. terminal value.

c. shared value.

d. instrumental value.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 32

32) What are the two distinct disadvantages of utilitarianism?

Feedback:

• It is difficult to predict the future and say with any certainty that a decision will be good or bad
• Utilitarianism has a difficult time accounting for human rights and social justice

Page reference: Ethical Frameworks

Learning objective: 12.1

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 33

33) Identify and define the two main frameworks for ethical thinking.

Feedback:

• Utilitarianism which holds that the choice leading to the greatest good for the greatest number of people is the most ethical one
• The philosophical concept of the common good starts with the observation that all people exist in a society with relationships to one another

Page reference: Ethical Frameworks

Learning objective: 12.1

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 34

34) What is the tragedy of commons? Use an example to support your explanation. How can the tragedy of commons be mitigated?

Feedback:

• The tragedy of the commons predicts that when individuals attempt to maximize their self-interest in using a common resource the value of that resource is reduced for everyone
• An outside formal entity such as the government can establish a set of rules and regulations for use of the public resource
• Community groups can create a detailed set of rules as well as penalties for violations

Page reference: Ethical Frameworks

Learning objective: 12.1

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 35

35) Define consumer misbehaviour. Be sure to highlight distinguishing features. What differentiates consumer misbehaviour from cultural mistakes?

Feedback:

• Consumer misbehavior violates generally accepted consumption rules and disrupts the consumption order
• The main distinguishing feature of consumer misbehavior is that it falls outside the culturally accepted norms of exchange and consumption
• The deviant nature of consumer misbehavior assumes that consumers already know the “accepted” norms of the encounter

Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 36

36) Describe materialism and its implications. Why should parents be careful when providing material rewards?

Feedback:

• Materialism is a value that places a strong emphasis on material goods as a way in which consumers can reach important life goals
• Consumers spend less time with loved ones, self-actualizing activities, and can experience negative impacts on emotional well-being
• Parents who provided material rewards had children that were much more likely to be materialistic when they grew up

Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 37

37) Describe compulsive buying. Identify the motivation for compulsive buying. What are some of the consequences of this behavior?

Feedback:

• Compulsive buying occurs when buyers have a strong, or uncontrolled, preoccupation with shopping and purchasing
• The result is that the consumer experiences consequences, such as financial difficulties, anxiety, depression, and broken relationships
• Compulsive buyers are driven by the experience of shopping and purchasing, as well as the rush of positive emotions that come with it

Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 38

38) Identify some of the consequences of theft that impact consumers and companies.

Feedback:

• The cost of theft must be covered, resulting in higher prices
• Increased and sometimes inconvenient security tactics
• Significant cost for companies, businesses must have strategies for handling consumer theft

Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.4

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 39

39) What is mindful consumption and how does it influence consumer behavior?

Feedback:

• Mindful consumption is a recognition that there are consequences to a consumer’s consumption choices
• Consumers then alter their consumption behaviors in an attempt to have fewer negative impacts on their own lives as well as the lives of others

Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.5

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 40

40) Imagine that you are the marketing manager for a luxury clothing company. Suggest three ways that you can try to influence your customers to engage in sustainable consumption practices.

Feedback:

• Announce the brand’s environmental initiatives and develop relevant marketing campaigns
• Offer information and incentives to promote greener practices
• Leverage the brand’s status by aligning it with green initiatives
• Show consumers the positive impacts of their participation
• The most important consideration is whether the effort can increase the value proposition to the customer

Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.5

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 41

41) Provide two examples of internal and external sources of corporate social responsibility. What is the ultimate goal for businesses?

Feedback:

• Internally, marketing decision-makers and other employees are likely to be influenced by personal sets of ethical standards as well as by the company’s mission statement and vision
• Externally, numerous stakeholders might exert an influence on a marketing decision-maker, such as customers, the government, business partners, and nongovernmental organizations
• A shared value conceptualization of business says that a business can meet consumer needs and wants in a socially and environmentally responsible way, while also making a profit

Page reference: Corporate Social Responsibility

Learning objective: 12.6

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 42

42) The process and function of marketing have benefited from using the common good framework for ethical decision-making. The text identifies three specific benefits. Identify and describe each in depth. Imagine that you are the marketing manager for a cosmetics brand. Provide at least three examples of how your company could utilize insights from the common good framework to support your brand. Be specific.

Feedback:

• It has established complex, global systems to bring products from the far reaches of the planet to consumers located on other parts of the planet
• Marketing has increased the quality of life for billions of people, including marketers and consumers
• The field of marketing research has expanded to include areas that specifically investigate the impact of marketing on society
• Distribution, sourcing, social responsibility initiatives, environmentally-friendly practices, etc.

Page reference: Ethical Frameworks

Learning objective: 12.1

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 43

43) Why do marketers focus on ethics, and not morals? Provide comprehensive descriptions of utilitarianism and how it compares to the concept of the common good.

Feedback:

• Ethics describe basic principles for how individuals should treat one another with fairness, honesty, and integrity
• Morality is strongly connected with religious beliefs
• Utilitarianism is an ethical framework that holds that the choice leading to the greatest good for the greatest number of people is the most ethical one
• The concept of the common good starts with the observation that all people exist in a society with relationships to one another

Page reference: Ethical Frameworks

Learning objective: 12.2

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 44

44) Provide a detailed explanation of the concept of the common good and the role it plays in society. Provide an example that illustrates the juxtaposition of the common good and the tragedy of the commons. What are some of the impacts that these concepts have had on marketing?

Feedback:

• The common good starts with the observation that all people exist in a society with relationships to one another
• The concept of the common good works well when there are many resources and a small number of people who would like to use those resources
• The tragedy of commons predicts that when individuals attempt to maximize their own self interest in using a common resource the value of that resource is reduced for everyone
• The common good has been used as a way to understand the interactions that occur between marketing and diverse groups of consumers

Page reference: Ethical Frameworks

Learning objective: 12.3

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 45

45) Why do individuals have a hard time imagining a warmer future? What are the four key explanations that are outlined in the text? How do they relate to the concepts of utilitarianism and the common good?

Feedback:

• Most people try to avoid uncertainty
• Individuals do not see direct cause-and-effect relationships
• Individuals in general are likely to seek information that confirms their preexisting opinions on climate change
• Climate skeptics are unlikely to be motivated to become more informed on the topic

Page reference: The Consumer Connection

Learning objective: 12.5

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 12 Question 46

46) Provide a detailed description of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the concept of shared value. Identify several ways that CSR can be initiated and influenced. What changes or advancements would you like to see in CSR and the concept of shared value moving forward? Defend your opinion.

Feedback:

• Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a business approach that considers the needs of stakeholders and works to achieve economic, social, and environmental success
• Internally, decision-makers have seen the benefits to operating in a socially responsible way
• Externally, stakeholders might exert an influence on a marketing decision-maker
• The concept of shared value is one in which an organization creates economic value for itself and its investors
• Shared value is about addressing a social or environmental issue with a business model

Page reference: Corporate Social Responsibility

Learning objective: 12.6