Test Bank Answers Chapter.17 Canada In The World

CHAPTER 17

Canada in the World

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following is a characteristic ascribed to Canada by its opinion leaders?
   1. Cosmopolitan
   2. Equality-oriented
   3. Multicultural
   4. Internationalist
   5. All of the above
2. According to John Ralston Saul, which of the following is a feature of Canada?
   1. It is a successful model of accommodation.
   2. It is a model that will shape the direction of history.
   3. It is very much its own invention.
   4. It has a flexible way of thinking about citizenship.
   5. All of the above
3. Which of the following describes Canadians' perceptions of themselves and their place within the international community?
   1. There is room for improvement in Canada's observance of human rights.
   2. Canadians are incisive negotiators when it comes to economics.
   3. Canadians are respected, listened to, and admired abroad.
   4. Canadians are a people who prioritize national security.
   5. Canadians have a long record of spreading freedom to other nations.
4. When was Sir Wilfrid Laurier prime minister of Canada?
   1. 1867-1872
   2. 1891-1896
   3. 1896-1911
   4. 1872-1877
   5. 1930-1945
5. How many immigrants were arriving in Canada per year in the early 1900s?
   1. 200,000
   2. 50,000
   3. 75,000
   4. 100,000
   5. 25,000
6. Which of the following is related to economic integration, interdependence, and investment between Canada and the US?
   1. The visits of Samuel de Champlain to Canada
   2. The "Third Option" policy
   3. The Boundary Waters Treaty
   4. The Kyoto Accord
   5. All of the above
7. What per cent of global economic output does Canada account for?
   1. 52 per cent
   2. 2 per cent
   3. 18 per cent
   4. 38 per cent
   5. 8 per cent
8. The 1970s saw the rising economic power of Japan and which other country?
   1. Italy
   2. China
   3. Brazil
   4. The Soviet Union
   5. Germany
9. The acronym BRIC refers to Brazil, Russia, India, and which other country?
   1. Canada
   2. Cuba
   3. China
   4. Congo
   5. Cameroon
10. What is significant about Sir John A. Macdonald's National Policy of 1879?
    1. It solidified Canada's fate as an economically dependent nation.
    2. It solidified Canada's identity as a parochial and isolationist country with an internally focused economic plan.
    3. It was the only coherent and explicit economic development strategy before the decision to embrace free trade in the late 1980s.
    4. It laid the groundwork for Canada's multilateral co-operation with other nations in the areas of national defence and security.
    5. It laid the groundwork for Canada's first reciprocity treaty with the US.
11. Economic nationalism in Canada between the 1950s and 1980s was marked by a series of policies and institutions designed to do what?
    1. Limit indigenous capital
    2. Limit American influence in the Canadian economy
    3. Extend Canadian influence on developing economies
    4. Promote foreign capital
    5. Cut off Canada from the world economy
12. Which of the following is true about globalization in Canada?
    1. It is an intensification in economic and other ties to the US.
    2. It is thought-provoking in that it makes Canadians question Canada-US relations.
    3. It is resulting in an expanded and more complicated relationship with China.
    4. It is a question that is inseparable from the question of Canada's relationship to the US.
    5. All of the above
13. What is a distinguishing characteristic of today's globalized world often thought to distinguish it from international trade in earlier times?
    1. The unprecedented uniformity of world communications networks
    2. The unprecedented volume and speed of economic exchanges in the contemporary global economy
    3. The unprecedented intensification of economic ties to international superpowers
    4. The unprecedented rates of concentration of military power in the United States
    5. The unprecedented effects of international trade on countries, which are becoming more nationalistic
14. How has globalization been defined?
    1. The historically unprecedented speed and scope of exchanges between different societies and regions in the world
    2. The historically unprecedented speed and scope of exchanges between rich and poor nations
    3. The historically unprecedented levels of international economic reciprocity
    4. The historically unprecedented levels of international economic interdependence and integration
    5. The impacts of the historically unprecedented creativity of developing nations
15. According to the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, what was Canada's international ranking in overall level of globalization in 2013?
    1. Twenty-first
    2. Third
    3. Fourteenth
    4. First
    5. Thirtieth
16. Which of the following exemplifies the fact that protectionist barriers have declined?
    1. Bilateral agreements such as the Canada-US Free Trade Agreement
    2. Regional agreements such as that which occurs under NAFTA and in the European Union
    3. Comprehensive trade liberalization under the aegis of the WTO
    4. All of the above
    5. None of the above
17. While all governments practise certain levels of subsidies and protectionism to varying degrees, the overall trajectory of trade policy has been in which direction?
    1. Identifying "most favoured nations" which only trade with countries that are signatories to common multi-lateral trade agreements
    2. More open markets
    3. Identifying "most favoured nations" and privileging trade relations with some countries over others
    4. More closed markets
    5. Consolidating markets
18. Who did The Guardian call "a disaster for the planet" in 2017?
    1. Stephen Harper
    2. Boris Johnson
    3. Vladimir Putin
    4. Donald Trump
    5. Justin Trudeau
19. Which of the following non-economic factors relate to globalization?
    1. New security concerns
    2. The rapid and widespread diffusion of diseases
    3. The unprecedented movement of people between countries
    4. The exchange of cultural values
    5. All of the above
20. What year did the Wall Street Journal declare Canada "an honorary member of the Third World" due to the government's accumulated debt?
    1. 1929
    2. 1984
    3. 1994
    4. 1968
    5. 1945
21. What year did the European Community first ban seal skins?
    1. 1968
    2. 1945
    3. 2015
    4. 2004
    5. 1983
22. What year did the European Union ban all seal products?
    1. 2015
    2. 1983
    3. 1945
    4. 2004
    5. 1968
23. In a 2018 survey by Abacus Data, how many Canadians viewed their country as tolerant?
    1. 13 per cent
    2. 93 per cent
    3. 33 per cent
    4. 73 per cent
    5. 53 per cent
24. In a 2018 survey by Abacus Data, how many Canadians viewed their country as diplomatic?
    1. 73 per cent
    2. 13 per cent
    3. 93 per cent
    4. 53 per cent
    5. 33 per cent
25. In a 2018 survey by Abacus Data, how many Canadians viewed their country as ethical?
    1. 88 per cent
    2. 8 per cent
    3. 28 per cent
    4. 48 per cent
    5. 68 per cent
26. How many respondents in an Environics survey believed Canada had a lot of influence in the world?
    1. Five out of 10
    2. Three out of 10
    3. Nine out of 10
    4. One out of 10
    5. Seven out of 10
27. When did the Berlin Wall fall?
    1. 1991
    2. 1969
    3. 1989
    4. 1918
    5. 1929
28. When did the Soviet Union breakup?
    1. 1991
    2. 1929
    3. 1918
    4. 1989
    5. 1969
29. How is the maple leaf sometimes described by traveling Canadians?
    1. Patriotic tattoo
    2. Passport of goodwill
    3. Barrier to countries
    4. Peacekeeping sign
    5. International passport
30. What is the fourth "Asian Tiger" after Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea?
    1. North Korea
    2. Japan
    3. China
    4. Taiwan
    5. Vietnam
31. Approximately what percentage of Canadian exports of goods and services go to the United States?
    1. 50 per cent
    2. 40 per cent
    3. 30 per cent
    4. 70 per cent
    5. 60 per cent
32. What year did the Free Trade Agreement with the United States take effect?
    1. 1982
    2. 1964
    3. 1930
    4. 1994
    5. 1989
33. What year did the North American Free Trade Agreement take effect?
    1. 1982
    2. 1989
    3. 1964
    4. 1930
    5. 1994
34. What was one of the main reasons for which trade with the United States weakened for Canada after 2001?
    1. The increasing importance of imports from China
    2. Concerns about Canadian terrorism risks
    3. Increasing oil prices
    4. Increasing Canadian protectionism
    5. Increasing American protectionism
35. Who was one of the chief architects of Canadian foreign policy since the Second World War?
    1. William Lyon Mackenzie King
    2. Lester B. Pearson
    3. John Turner
    4. Pierre Elliott Trudeau
    5. Joe Clark
36. Which of the following is an example of sectoral treaties between Canada and the US?
    1. The Canada-US Free Trade Agreement
    2. The North American Free Trade Agreement
    3. The Auto Pact
    4. The Canada-US Defence Production Sharing Agreement
    5. Both C and D
37. What have many Canadian governments done to counterweight American economic dominance?
    1. Decided to focus on improving relations with Canada's Indigenous peoples
    2. Decided to focus on strengthening relations between French and English Canada
    3. Refused to enter into further agreements with the US
    4. Decided to strengthen its relationship with Britain
    5. Become involved with the United Nations and other multilateral institutions
38. Which of the following is not an international organization to which Canada belongs?
    1. NATO
    2. OAS
    3. OECD
    4. OPEC
    5. WTO
39. Which of the following is an element of multilateralism?
    1. All multilateral organizations are ever-vigilant checks and balances to superpowers like the US.
    2. The World Bank has been the most prominent multilateral entity since World War II.
    3. It is intended to resolve international differences and conflicts.
    4. The parties to a dispute are always granted equal voices in decision-making.
    5. It protects core countries from irrelevant discussions at the periphery.
40. Which of the following has been the most prominent structure for multilateralism in the post-World War II era?
    1. The World Trade Organization
    2. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization
    3. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
    4. The World Bank
    5. The United Nations
41. Which of the following is proof of the reality that multilateralism does not necessarily dilute American international dominance?
    1. The United Nations
    2. The European Union
    3. ASEAN
    4. NAFTA
    5. The International Monetary Fund
42. According to Michael Ignatieff, what is one of the great foreign policy challenges facing Canada?
    1. Adjusting its policies to work with upcoming economic powerhouses such as China and India
    2. Staying independent in an age of an "American empire"
    3. Fostering economic integration with as many new trading partners as possible
    4. Building its military and other defence forces to rely less on the US for protection
    5. Maintaining and growing resource trading relationships with superpowers like the US and China
43. Which term best describes the Canada-US economic relationship?
    1. Reciprocal
    2. Asymmetrical
    3. Abusive
    4. Polite
    5. Complementary
44. What does the acronym NATO stand for?
    1. Near America Time Openings
    2. Northern American Time Only
    3. North Atlantic Trade Organization
    4. North American Trade Organization
    5. North Atlantic Treaty Organization
45. What did the 2004 Liberal government decline to participate in?
    1. Amnesty International surveys
    2. OAS
    3. The War on Terrorism
    4. NATO
    5. An American-led missile defence system
46. What problem does multilateralism pose for Canada?
    1. It produces outcomes that pit Canada against the US.
    2. It closes Canada off from major international trade opportunities.
    3. It creates a worldwide expectation what Canada's military activities will intensify.
    4. There is no problem; US foreign policy has increasingly embraced multilateralism.
    5. It has been overenthusiastically embraced by China, Canada's major trading partner.
47. Who observed on Canadian-American relations that "what unites us is far greater than what divides us."
    1. Stephen Harper
    2. George W. Bush
    3. Pierre Trudeau
    4. John F. Kennedy
    5. Barack Obama
48. In 1925, how much did exports account for Canadian GDP?
    1. One-half
    2. One-tenth
    3. One-quarter
    4. One-fifth
    5. Zero
49. In 2000, how much did exports account for Canadian GDP?
    1. 50 per cent
    2. 40 per cent
    3. 30 per cent
    4. 20 per cent
    5. 10 per cent
50. What was the percentage of global GDP generated by trade in 2016?
    1. 36 per cent
    2. 16 per cent
    3. 56 per cent
    4. 6 per cent
    5. 76 per cent
51. Who called NAFTA "the single worst deal ever approved"?
    1. Stephen Harper
    2. Barack Obama
    3. Donald Trump
    4. George W. Bush
    5. Pierre Trudeau
52. By 2017, what was the value of foreign direct investment worldwide?
    1. $200 million
    2. $20 trillion
    3. $2 trillion
    4. $20 billion
    5. $2 billion
53. In 2015, what country ranked as having the highest level of globalization?
    1. Sweden
    2. Switzerland
    3. Netherlands
    4. Canada
    5. Belgium
54. Where was the 1999 meeting of the WTO?
    1. Quebec City
    2. Hamburg
    3. Seattle
    4. Genoa
    5. Toronto
55. Where was the 2001 meeting of the Organization of American States?
    1. Toronto
    2. Genoa
    3. Quebec City
    4. Seattle
    5. Hamburg
56. Where was the 2001 meeting of the G8?
    1. Toronto
    2. Seattle
    3. Quebec City
    4. Hamburg
    5. Genoa
57. Where was the 2010 meeting of the G20?
    1. Seattle
    2. Toronto
    3. Quebec City
    4. Hamburg
    5. Genoa
58. Which 2016 Democratic presidential candidate was very critical of globalization?
    1. Donald Trump
    2. Rudy Giulliani
    3. Hilary Clinton
    4. Joe Biden
    5. Bernie Sanders
59. Which Canadian federal political party has been a strong critic of globalization?
    1. Reform
    2. Conservative
    3. Liberal
    4. Progressive Conservative
    5. NDP
60. In 2000, how high was the share of Canadian GDP generated by exports to the United States?
    1. 25 per cent
    2. 40 per cent
    3. 10 per cent
    4. 20 per cent
    5. 5 per cent

True or False Questions

1. Sir Wilfrid Laurier said, "The twentieth century will belong to Canada."
2. Peacekeeping is traditionally identified as Canada's most positive contribution to the world.
3. For idealists, the world of geopolitics is a tameable but largely ungovernable space in which the self-interests of state and non-state actors compete and where violent conflict and war are inevitable.
4. Globalization has helped increase wealth, movement of people, and cultural exchange in Canada.
5. Economic globalization has resulted in the rich getting richer and the poor getting poorer.
6. Other countries like globalization because they can spread their culture to Canada and the US.
7. Globalization has made Canada's economy more precarious to external factors.
8. Globalization has had little impact on international economies.
9. No other country is as dependent on trade with a single trading partner as Canada is with the United States.
10. Canada relies on soft power and multilateralism to influence the international system.
11. Canada is thought of as one of the heavyweights of geopolitics.
12. By 2000, exports accounted for only 5 per cent of Canadian GDP.
13. The National Policy of 1879 was Canada's first explicit economic development strategy.
14. The Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement was ratified in 1989.
15. The North American Free Trade Agreement was ratified in 1994.
16. The Spice Road moved goods from Sudbury to Thunder Bay.
17. Based on 2015 data, Canada ranked first in the world in overall level of globalization.
18. Since the end of World War II, policy-makers in Canada and across the developed world have been reluctant to an open trading environment.
19. Globalization is not simply about economics and trade.
20. The distribution of income in Canada is not significantly more unequal today than it was 40 years ago.
21. In recent years between 20-25 per cent of Canadian GDP has been generated by exports to the United States.
22. Canada exports more to the state of Michigan than it does to the entire European Union.
23. The United States has never been largest source of foreign investment in Canada.
24. Canada is only the major source of foreign imports in two American states.
25. In 2003, Jean Chrétien announced that Canada would commit troops to the Iraq War.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is one argument against the notion that the twentieth century belongs to Canada?
2. How do most Canadians see the country's place on the world stage?
3. What is hard power?
4. What is the perception of the Canadian "brand" abroad?
5. What are some of the concerns addressed in the contemporary debate around globalization and Canada?
6. What are examples of major international meetings that have been met with protest and dissent?
7. What is the argument against globalization based on wage gaps and income disparities?
8. How do some critics connect globalization to poverty?
9. What is soft power?
10. What is multilateralism?
11. Describe some international regional examples of globalization.
12. What are some organizations involved in the proliferation of multilateralism?
13. What warning signs were there that a Trump presidency would create a rocky road for Canada-United States relations?
14. What trouble did John Diefenbaker and Pierre Trudeau run into in Canada-US relations?
15. Discuss the major policy disagreements between Canada and the United States during the period 2003 to 2005.

Essay Questions

1. Describe some of the elements of the North American Free Trade Agreement and discuss some of its implications.
2. "Globalization has intensified the ties between Canada and the United States at the same time as it has produced various counterweights to American influence." Discuss this claim.
3. Canada and the United States have an asymmetrical relationship. Explain the main features of this asymmetry and its consequences for Canada and Canadian policy.
4. Allan Gotlieb, who served as Canada's ambassador to the United States, has proposed a "grand bargain" between these two countries. What does this mean? Why would he and those who agree with him propose such an agreement? What is the likelihood of it being achieved?
5. Do you think that Canadian influence in the world is mainly increased or decreased by close military ties to the United States? Explain your answer in detail.
6. How do Canadians view their country's place in the world?
7. How does the realism versus idealism debate help to explain Canada's role in the world?
8. Discuss Canada's level of globalization.
9. Describe developments in anti-globalization.
10. How has the distribution of income in Canada been affected by globalization?