Test Bank Answers Chapter 7 Six Sigma And Lean Management

Chapter 7: Six Sigma and Lean Management

True or False Questions

1. Six Sigma requires an in-depth and comprehensive understanding of the behavior of a work process.
   1. True
   2. False
2. Central elements of the Lean process are reducing the supplies used in a process and the costs of those supplies.
   1. True
   2. False
3. Although Lean and Six Sigma are different from each other, combining their use in process improvement can be useful.
   1. True
   2. False
4. Statistical analysis is more likely to be used in Six Sigma.
   1. True
   2. False
5. Lean has a primary focus in evaluating process to identify waste and also to note value-added activities.
   1. True
   2. False
6. Lean uses tools like the cause and effect diagram or the fishbone diagram to evaluate process activities.
   1. True
   2. False

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Six Sigma uses which of the following metrics?
   1. Variations per million outputs
   2. Procedure time above target
   3. Defects per million opportunities
   4. Customer satisfaction per output
2. Which of the following describes the Six Sigma methodology?
   1. Plan, do, study, act
   2. Define, measure, analyze, improve, control
   3. Plan, define, systematize, analyze
   4. Describe, measure, act, inventory, capitalize
3. Which of the following defines the goal of Lean?
   1. Elimination of defects
   2. Reduction of process variability
   3. Determine conformance with customer requirements
   4. Remove non-value-added activities
4. Which of the following are common elements in both Lean and Kaizen?
   1. Increase variation to capture best resource mix in a process
   2. Make greater use of human skills by forging more human thought and intervention
   3. Reduce variation
   4. Statistically analyze the error rate in a process
5. What rate of defects in a process equates to Six Sigma?
   1. Zero defects
   2. 3.4 defects per million
   3. 233 defects per million
   4. 6,210 defects per million
6. Which of the following is a way of displaying the distribution of data through five key numbers (the minimum, maximum, upper and lower quartiles, and median)?
   1. Frequency distribution
   2. Regression line
   3. Histogram
   4. Box plot
7. Differentiate between Lean and Six Sigma.
8. List and explain the four components of a process model.

• Activity: A task occurring at a specific point in time that has a random duration and a known probability distribution function.

• Event: The culmination of an activity. Events can modify the state of a process.

• Time: Key parameter of a process, defined as the differential between the time an activity started and ended. Usually expressed in minutes and seconds.

• Outcomes: The consequence, or result, of the activities and events. Outcomes are expressed in terms of a performance metric to gauge success and failure.

1. Describe Value Mapping and its use in Lean.
2. What is the Process Capability Index, how is it calculated, and is it used in Six Sigma or Lean?

(Upper Standard Limit – Lower Standard Limit) ÷ 6σ

A C_p > 1 suggests that the process is capable (or in control), but it does not have any relation to the performance target, nor does it suggest that the process meets the customers’ expectations.