Chapter 6: Organizations, Societies, and Global Relationships

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Digital communication as experienced major growth. Which of these is TRUE of how this growth impacts micro level and macro level of society?

a. It makes them more segregated.

b. It makes them more intertwined.

c. It reduces the expansion of globalization.

d. It impacts only micro levels.

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Questioning Governmental Authority

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Which of these is an example of a highly rational organization?

a. dyad

b. group

c. community

d. bureaucracy

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Organizations

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Both a university and Walmart exemplify which of these?

a. organizations

b. corporations

c. dyads

d. bureaucracies

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Organizations

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Commonplace general collectives purposely constructed to achieve particular ends in society are called which of these?

a. bureaucracies

b. organizations

c. authorities

d. dominations

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Organizations

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Jerry wants to build a model of society that includes comparative-historical facts and all the possible characteristics of a society. Jerry’s idea is very close to which of these?

a. Robert Merton’s idea of unintended consequences

b. Karl Marx’s idea of alienation

c. Emile Durkheim’s idea of anomie

d. Max Weber’s idea of ideal type

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Bureaucracies

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. A(n) ______ is a highly rational and efficient organization.

a. internet site

b. corporation

c. network

d. bureaucracy

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Organizations

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. According to Max Weber, a(n) ______ is a model in which the degree of rationality is greatly exaggerated.

a. prototype

b. ideal type

c. real type

d. model type

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Bureaucracies

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Jonathan is very stern with his employees who follow every command he gives to them. Which of these does Jonathan exemplify?

a. weak domination

b. strong domination

c. rational-legal authority

d. strong subordination

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Authority Structures and Bureaucracy

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Max Weber’s three different types of authority differ from each other in which of these ways?

a. by the type of domination the authorities represent

b. by what makes the authority legitimate

c. by how many people are subject to the authority

d. by how peaceful or violent people are when faced with the authority

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Authority Structures and Bureaucracy

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. A popular professor exemplifies which type of authority?

a. traditional

b. rational-legal

c. charismatic

d. domination

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Authority Structures and Bureaucracy

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. The Catholic pope exemplifies which type of authority?

a. traditional

b. rational-legal

c. charismatic

d. domination

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Authority Structures and Bureaucracy

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. A U.S. senator exemplifies which type of authority?

a. traditional

b. rational-legal

c. charismatic

d. domination

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Authority Structures and Bureaucracy

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. What is the only type of authority associated with bureaucracy?

a. traditional

b. rational-legal

c. charismatic

d. domination

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Authority Structures and Bureaucracy

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. The fact that the rationality of a bureaucratic organization is limited by the instabilities and conflicts that exist in most organizations is referred to as which of these?

a. rational-legal rationality

b. charismatic rationality

c. technical rationality

d. bounded rationality

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Rationality and Irrationality

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Which of these is a problem in bureaucracies where numerous rules often slow progress or increase the amount or complexity of work?

a. red tape

b. the Peter principle

c. bounded rationality

d. informationalism

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Rationality and Irrationality

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. Which of these best describes the Peter Principle?

a. The more a bureaucracy tries to be efficient, the more forms there are to fill out.

b. Never underestimate the power of the secretary.

c. Employees tend to rise to their level of incompetence.

d. Work expands to fill the available time.

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Rationality and Irrationality

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. Which of these best describes Parkinson’s Law?

a. The more a bureaucracy tries to be efficient, the more forms there are to fill out.

b. Never underestimate the power of the secretary.

c. Employees tend to rise to their level of incompetence.

d. Work expands to fill the available time.

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Rationality and Irrationality

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. Joan calls a computer company for assistance and is transferred to several people. After she is on the phone for thirty additional minutes, she is disconnected. What has Joan just experienced?

a. the Peter principle

b. red tape

c. legal-rational authority

d. Parkinson’s law

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Rationality and Irrationality

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. Peter works in a college office. He spends most of his day sending back forms to students when they have filled a form out incorrectly, even when it contains all the information needed to complete the task. Peter has a ______ personality.

a. charismatic

b. traditional

c. bureaucratic

d. tedious

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Rationality and Irrationality

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. Daniel works for a company where, contrary to what the employee handbook says, employees ask each other for guidance in certain situations rather than ask their supervisors. This company is an example of a(n) ______ organization.

a. informal

b. formal

c. collegial

d. ideal

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Informal Organization

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. When a country is ruled by a small group of people at the top who exercise a great deal of power, often illegitimately obtained, it is termed which of these?

a. capitalist dictatorship

b. informal bureaucracy

c. oligarchy

d. democracy

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Informal Organization

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. Which of these accurately describes change precipitated by the digital age?

a. People are expected to do less than they did in the past.

b. Employees used to be monitored less carefully than they are now.

c. Interaction can be more easily controlled in a centralized way.

d. In the past too little information was in writing; today too much information exists in written form.

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Informal Organization

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. Which of these is a modern change in bureaucracy?

a. informal organizations

b. gendered organizations

c. rational authority

d. anomic organizations

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Contemporary Organizational Realities

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. When a man works in a female-dominated organization, they may find themselves promoted past equally competent, or even more competent, women. What is the term to describe this phenomenon?

a. glass cage

b. glass elevator

c. glass ceiling

d. glass escalator

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Gender Inequalities

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. Women face the ______, in which they cannot get promoted past a certain level in bureaucratic organizations despite their qualifications.

a. glass cage

b. glass elevator

c. glass ceiling

d. glass escalator

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gender Inequalities

Difficulty Level: Medium

26. Amy and Jeff are both staff assistants for the large organization. Amy works in a segment that predominately employs women while Jeff works in a segment that predominately employs men. Jeff has more promotion opportunities than Amy even though they hold the same title and work for the same company. Amy’s experience is most exemplified by which of these concepts?

a. glass cage

b. glass elevator

c. glass ceiling

d. glass escalator

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Gender Inequalities

Difficulty Level: Medium

27. Janelle and several of her professional female friends were recently asked to become members of a board of directors of an organization that was in financial trouble. The organization had to declare bankruptcy and all three women found themselves in a precarious position in their professional careers as they dealt with the organizational fallout. Which of these terms may be applicable in this scenario?

a. glass cage

b. glass cliff

c. glass ceiling

d. glass escalator

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Gender Inequalities

Difficulty Level: Medium

28. Sexual harassment can consist of many types of unwanted sexual attention such as jokes, remarks, or sexual advances, but to be illegal which of these must occur?

a. It must come from a high-ranking man to a lower ranking woman.

b. It must be offensive not just to the victim but to the workplace culture.

c. It must be recurrent or severe enough to create a hostile workplace.

d. It must directly influence someone’s pay or promotion.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Other Problems

Difficulty Level: Medium

29. Which of these is a contemporary change in bureaucracies according to your text?

a. upsizing

b. insourcing

c. inflexibility

d. outsourcing

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Contemporary Changes

Difficulty Level: Medium

30. Juan fills out his own tax form, printing his postage from home. Which of these terms is best applied to Juan?

a. producer

b. prosumer

c. employee

d. bureaucrat

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Contemporary Changes

Difficulty Level: Medium

31. Companies who use offshore outsourcing for customer service calls for U.S. customers often ask employees to engage in “national identity management.” What does this mean?

a. Employees are supposed to help to educate customers about their home country.

b. Employees are supposed to adopt accents that sound trustworthy to people in the U.S.

c. Employees are supposed to cross market products to customers.

d. Employees are supposed to pose as an American on calls, using an adopted U.S. hometown and Americanized name.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Globalization

Difficulty Level: Medium

32. Call center work in India is an example of which of these?

a. downsizing

b. offshore outsourcing

c. informationalism

d. McDonaldization

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Globalization

Difficulty Level: Medium

33. Which country is the most popular outsourcing location?

a. Mexico

b. China

c. India

d. the U.S.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Globalization

Difficulty Level: Medium

34. Donald Trump advocated for the decrease of offshore operations and bringing companies back to the U.S. What is this called?

a. downsizing

b. offshore outsourcing

c. backsourcing

d. McDonaldization

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Globalization

Difficulty Level: Medium

35. The network organization came into existence during which decade?

a. 1960s

b. 1970s

c. 1980s

d. 1990s

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Network Organizations

Difficulty Level: Easy

36. Which of these is a characteristic of a network organization?

a. vertical structure

b. clear boundaries

c. authoritarian decision making

d. flexible production

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Characteristics of the Network Organization

Difficulty Level: Medium

37. Network systems have transformed which of these according to your text?

a. gender roles

b. nature of work

c. sexuality

d. religious practices

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Characteristics of the Network Organization

Difficulty Level: Easy

38. Which of these describes the knowledge and information linkages between factories and companies?

a. knowledge inferential

b. information sourcing

c. informationalism

d. intelligence systems

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Informationalism

Difficulty Level: Easy

39. Which of the following is TRUE regarding informationalism?

a. The new technologies are not flexible and can’t adapt.

b. Technologies act on information.

c. Some organizations are not defined by networking logics.

d. The specific technologies associated with information are not merging into a highly integrated system.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Informationalism

Difficulty Level: Hard

40. A ______ is a complex pattern of social relationships that is bounded in space and persists over time.

a. society

b. social structure

c. bureaucracy

d. hierarchy

Learning Objective: 6.3: Contrast gemeinschaft and gesellschaft societies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Societies

Difficulty Level: Easy

41. Ferdinand Toennies differentiated between two types of societies: ______, or a traditional society characterized by face-to-face relations, and ______, characterized by impersonal, distant, and limited social relationships.

a. gemeinschaft; gesellschaft

b. gesellschaft; gemeinschaft

c. postmodern; premodern

d. modern; postmodern

Learning Objective: 6.3: Contrast gemeinschaft and gesellschaft societies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Societies

Difficulty Level: Easy

42. Which sociologist differentiated between gemeinschaft and gesellschaft societies?

a. Émile Durkheim

b. Robert Merton

c. Ferdinand Töennies

d. Manuel Castells

Learning Objective: 6.3: Contrast gemeinschaft and gesellschaft societies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Societies

Difficulty Level: Medium

43. People who live in a large city, such as Los Angeles, may feel a sense of being disconnected from each other. Which term characterizes this phenomenon?

a. gemeinschaft society

b. informationalism

c. gesellschaft society

d. primitive society

Learning Objective: 6.3: Contrast gemeinschaft and gesellschaft societies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Societies

Difficulty Level: Medium

44. Nikita lives in a small village in rural Russia, where everyone knows everyone else. The people of Nikita’s village base their relationships on familiarity and closeness. What type of society does Nikita live in?

a. risk society

b. industrial society

c. gemeinschaft society

d. gesellschaft society

Learning Objective: 6.3: Contrast gemeinschaft and gesellschaft societies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Societies

Difficulty Level: Medium

45. As a leading ______ theorist, Talcott Parsons had a ______ view of macro-level societies.

a. symbolic interaction; constructionist

b. conflict; negative

c. structural functionalist; positive

d. ethnomethodologist; dismissive

Learning Objective: 6.3: Contrast gemeinschaft and gesellschaft societies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Societies

Difficulty Level: Easy

46. Ulrich Beck argued that we have moved from an industrial society to which of these types of societies?

a. risk

b. gemeinschaft

c. oligarchic

d. technocratic

Learning Objective: 6.3: Contrast gemeinschaft and gesellschaft societies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Societies

Difficulty Level: Easy

47. What does it mean to say we are a “risk society”?

a. Our main issue is risk and how to minimize or prevent it.

b. We take more risks than we have in the past.

c. We are more anxious of risks than we have been in the past.

d. Globally, societies have begun to take risks for other societies.

Learning Objective: 6.3: Contrast gemeinschaft and gesellschaft societies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Societies

Difficulty Level: Medium

48. The Irish are an example of a ______, as they are a large group of people who are linked through common descent.

a. nation-state

b. state

c. race

d. nation

Learning Objective: 6.4: Describe global social organization and global flows.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Global Relationships

Difficulty Level: Medium

49. Which of these is characteristic of a space of place?

a. clear defensible borders

b. unlimited flows of people

c. short-term duration

d. disconnected people

Learning Objective: 6.4: Describe global social organization and global flows.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Spaces of flows

Difficulty Level: Medium

50. Which of these is characteristic of a space of flows?

a. clear defensible borders

b. fluidity

c. long-term duration

d. disconnected people

Learning Objective: 6.4: Describe global social organization and global flows.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Spaces of flows

Difficulty Level: Medium

51. What is the term for the fluid, irregular, and variable global flows that produce different results throughout the world?

a. landscapes

b. globules

c. glo-flows

d. gesellschaft societies

Learning Objective: 6.4: Describe global social organization and global flows.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Landscapes

Difficulty Level: Easy

52. Which “scape” could be associated with an influx of undocumented immigrants to the U.S.?

a. ethnoscape

b. financescape

c. mediascapes

d. ideoscapes

Learning Objective: 6.4: Describe global social organization and global flows.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Landscapes

Difficulty Level: Medium

53. During times of financial depression, which type of landscape might be the focus of economists?

a. ethnoscape

b. financescape

c. mediascapes

d. ideoscapes

Learning Objective: 6.4: Describe global social organization and global flows.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Landscapes

Difficulty Level: Medium

54. The most important and obvious barriers to global flows are constructed by which of these?

a. nation-states

b. nations

c. continents

d. corporations

Learning Objective: 6.4: Describe global social organization and global flows.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Global Barriers

Difficulty Level: Medium

55. Which of these defines the main difference between Microsoft and Linux?

a. One is proprietary and only people at the company work on it; the other one is open-source and anyone in the world can contribute to it.

b. One is only sold in the U.S. and the other one is sold globally.

c. One can be used on any device and the other one only works on laptops.

d. One is priced for individual use and the other one is only for commercial use.

Learning Objective: 6.4: Describe global social organization and global flows.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: More open organizations?

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. Sociologically speaking, Google is an example of an organization.

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Organizations

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. According to Max Weber, bureaucracies are always rational organizations.

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Organizations

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Max Weber believed that the decline of bureaucracy was one of the defining characteristics of Western society.

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Bureaucracies

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Domination is the likelihood that commands will be obeyed by subordinates.

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Authority Structures and Bureaucracy

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. The mayor of New York City is someone who rules by traditional authority.

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Authority Structures and Bureaucracy

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. David Koresh led the Branch Davidian cult. Koresh was known for his outgoing personality and ability to gather people into his fold. Max Weber would characterize Koresh’s leadership as “rational-legal.”

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Authority Structures and Bureaucracy

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. The military exemplifies the term bounded rationality because it is so large that it must maintain stability throughout.

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Rationality and Irrationality

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Most research shows that bureaucracies are organized just like Max Weber’s ideal type envisioned them.

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Rationality and Irrationality

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. The Peter Principle can be summarized as” “employees tend to rise to the level of their incompetence.”

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Rationality and Irrationality

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. A customer service agent more interested in obtaining a customer's Social Security number than helping them resolve an issue can be said to have a bureaucratic personality.

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Rationality and Irrationality

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Most bureaucratic organizations become oligarchical.

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Informal Organization

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Formal organizations often arise to take care of problems and failures in informal organizations.

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Informal Organization

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. Max Weber’s ideal type bureaucracy included gender discrimination.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gender Inequalities

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. Theories of double-paned glass ceilings are based on studies of U.S. organizations and are unlikely to apply globally.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gender Inequalities

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. The glass escalator describes the process by which women in traditionally male-typed jobs are likely to be promoted.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gender Inequalities

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. Globally speaking sexual harassment occurs primarily in the U.S.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Other Problems

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. Sexual harassment consists of unwanted sexual attention, such as sexually oriented remarks and jokes, advances, and requests that take place in the workplace or in other settings.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Other Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. Instead of bureaucracy growing like Max Weber predicted it has shown a tendency to decrease.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Contemporary Changes

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. The transfer of activities once performed by one organization to another organization in exchange for money is known as outsourcing.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Contemporary Changes

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. India is an attractive place for call centers to locate because of its lack of traditional gender norms.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Globalization

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. Backsourcing is a process whereby companies assemble pieces of products in different countries.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Globalization

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. McDonaldization of various industries is most important at the local rather than the larger organizational level.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: McDonaldization and Bureaucratic Organizations

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. A franchise system combines a small business with a large bureaucratic organization.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: McDonaldization and Bureaucratic Organizations

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. Ebayization is a process that enlists all the basic dimensions of McDonaldization except that it includes variety.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: McDonaldization and Bureaucratic Organizations

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. Networks are marked by hierarchical decision making by few people.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Network Organizations

Difficulty Level: Medium

26. Informationalism has been responsible for the emergence of a global information economy.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Network Organizations

Difficulty Level: Medium

27. Globalization is the major reason why there are far greater risks to society than ever before.

Learning Objective: 6.3: Contrast gemeinschaft and gesellschaft societies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Societies

Difficulty Level: Medium

28. Most societies have characteristics of both gesellschaft and gemeinschaft societies.

Learning Objective: 6.3: Contrast gemeinschaft and gesellschaft societies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Societies

Difficulty Level: Medium

29. Spaces of places are settings that have well-defined borders.

Learning Objective: 6.4: Describe global social organization and global flows.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Spaces of Flows

Difficulty Level: Easy

30. Some of the most important and most obvious barriers to global flows are those constructed by nation-states, but nation-states have been losing control over global flows.

Learning Objective: 6.4: Describe global social organization and global flows.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Controlling Global Flows and Mobilities

Difficulty Level: Easy

Essay

1. Max Weber identified bureaucracy as an ideal type. Define bureaucracy and discuss three of its components. Address what Max Weber meant by the term ideal type.

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Organizations and Bureaucracies

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Identify and explain the characteristics of the three types of authority in Max Weber’s theory of authority. What differentiates the types of authority? Give an example of each type.

Learning Objective: 6.1: Describe the features of bureaucracies and informal organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Authority Structures and Bureaucracy

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. According to gendered organization theorists, there are many ways that bureaucracies do not treat all workers—especially women workers—equally. Provide two of the reasons that the text presents to support this assertion.

Learning Objective: 6.2: Discuss challenges that arise in contemporary organizations.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Gender Inequalities

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Manuel Castells argued that there was a change in the flow of places over time, saying we have gone from “spaces of places” to “spaces of flows.” Define these two terms, and provide one example of each.

Learning Objective: 6.3: Contrast gemeinschaft and gesellschaft societies.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Spaces of flows

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. The text suggests that organizations that seek to control global flows face competition from organizations that are fluid and open. What is meant by this? Provide an example of competition between a traditional and open organization. Give one example of criteria that limit the effects of openness.

Learning Objective: 6.4: Describe global social organization and global flows.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: More Open Organizations?

Difficulty Level: Medium