Obsessive-Compulsive–Related And | Test Bank + Answers Ch.7 - Test Bank | Abnormal Psychology Science & Treatment 15e by Ann M. Kring, Sheri L. Johnson. DOCX document preview.
CHAPTER 7
Obsessive-Compulsive–Related and Trauma-Related Disorders
Question Type: Multiple Choice
1. A disorder that involves repetitive thoughts and behaviors so extreme as to interfere with everyday life is called
a) generalized anxiety disorder.
b) posttraumatic stress disorder.
c) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
d) social phobic disorder.
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
2. Conditions that are triggered by exposure to severely stressful events are referred to as
a) trauma-related disorders.
b) generalized anxiety disorders.
c) obsessive-compulsive disorders.
d) somatoform disorders.
Section Reference: Introduction
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
3. Which disorder is, according to DSM-5, related to obsessive-compulsive disorder?
a) schizotypal disorder
b) hoarding disorder
c) acute stress disorder
d) gender dysphoria
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Analysis
4. Which disorder is, according to DSM-5, related to obsessive-compulsive disorder?
a) body dysmorphic disorder
b) complicated bereavement
c) social anxiety disorder
d) panic disorder
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
5. Intrusive, irrational, and unwanted thoughts are called
a) irrational beliefs.
b) generalized anxiety.
c) obsessions.
d) compulsions.
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
6. Oscar feels the urge to turn a light switch on and off 12 times before leaving a room. Oscar is experiencing
a) an irrational belief.
b) generalized anxiety.
c) an obsession.
d) a compulsion.
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Application
7. Which of the following is an obsession?
a) repeatedly checking that the water is turned off
b) humming a tune over and over
c) having an intense, recurring fear of contamination
d) experiencing justified worry over finances
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Application
8. Which of the following is a compulsion?
a) a persistent fear of getting dirty
b) having persistent doubts about whether the stove was turned off
c) persistent checking for one’s keys
d) persistent thoughts about harming one’s spouse
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Application
9. People who compulsively check their appearance and spend countless hours staring at themselves in the mirror may meet the diagnostic criteria for
a) orthorexia disorder.
b) body dysmorphic disorder.
c) generalized anxiety disorder.
d) specific phobia.
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Application
10. The common foci for obsessions include
a) contamination.
b) travel.
c) reading.
d) celebrity watching.
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Comprehension
11. Commonly reported compulsions include
a) pursuing cleanliness and orderliness by requesting help from others.
b) reading popular best-sellers as soon as they are released.
c) repetitive checking to ensure that certain acts are carried out.
d) going to the same restaurant with loved ones on important occasions.
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Comprehension
12. A common issue associated with OCD is
a) trying unsuccessfully to ignore the obsession.
b) self-soothing.
c) insecurity and separation anxiety.
d) volatile mood swings.
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
13. OCD tends to begin in
a) early or middle childhood.
b) adolescence or early adulthood.
c) infancy or early childhood.
d) childhood or early adolescence.
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
14. OCD tends to be
a) slightly more common in men than in women.
b) slightly more common in women than in men.
c) much more common in women than in men.
d) much more common in men than in women.
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
15. How is body dysmorphic disorder similar to OCD?
a) Both involve compulsions.
b) Both are more common in men than in women.
c) Both arise in middle adulthood.
d) Both are typically acute disorders that do not become chronic.
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Analysis
16. Approximately what percentage of people diagnosed with body dysmorphic disorder report that they are unable to work?
a) 10%
b) 25%
c) 40%
d) 65%
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
17. Body dysmorphic disorder is most likely to begin in
a) early childhood.
b) middle childhood.
c) adolescence.
d) adulthood.
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
18. Symptoms and outcomes of body dysmorphic disorder are common across cultures, but what may differ across cultures?
a) the specific body part focused on
b) the number of body parts of concern
c) the frequency of checking behaviors
d) There are no differences across cultures.
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Comprehension
19. The compulsive need to acquire objects and the inability to discard any objects is known as
a) hoarding disorder.
b) collecting disorder.
c) refuse disorder.
d) acquisition disorder.
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
20. About three-quarters of people with obsessive-compulsive disorder also meet the diagnostic criteria for which other type of disorder at some point in their lives?
a) mood
b) anxiety
c) personality
d) psychotic
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
21. Which of the following symptoms is included in the DSM-5 criteria for hoarding disorder?
a) perceiving flaws in the appearance of the home
b) difficulty discarding items regardless of their value
c) at least one criminal justice referral for hoarding behavior
d) difficulty in family relationships due to hoarding
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Comprehension
22. In spite of strong personal standards that would prevent him from acting on them, Tony experiences recurrent and unwanted thoughts that he might behave inappropriately toward a supervisor at work. To be given a diagnosis of OCD, he must also
a) actively attempt to ignore or suppress the thoughts.
b) engage in a superstitious ritual to prevent the behavior from occurring.
c) be unaware that his worry is irrational.
d) have difficulty discarding possessions regardless of their value.
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Application
23. Research cited in the text indicates that people with OCD tend to feel especially responsible for
a) making others happy.
b) preventing harm.
c) helping others.
d) ensuring that projects are successful.
Answer.: b
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
24. People with hoarding disorder
a) are unaware of the severity of the problem.
b) want help in dealing with their hoard.
c) usually have strong social support.
d) rarely have other psychological disorders.
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Comprehension
25. What proportion of people with hoarding disorder also meet the diagnostic criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder at some point in their lives?
a) up to one-quarter
b) up to one-third
c) up to one-half
d) up to two-thirds
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
26. Successful treatment of OCD reduces activation of the
a) orbitofrontal cortex and cerebellum.
b) caudate nucleus and substantia nigra.
c) anterior cingulate cortex and caudate nucleus.
d) orbitofrontal cortex and caudate nucleus.
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Analysis
27. The estimated heritability for OCD ranges
a) from 0.30 to 0.40.
b) from 0.40 to 0.50.
c) from 0.50 to 0.60.
d) from 0.60 to 0.70.
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
28. An individual with compulsions related to decontamination might
a) check repeatedly to make sure the water was turned off.
b) ask people to wash their hands before entering his or her home.
c) touch the hands together over and over.
d) make sure that all first-aid supplies are properly arranged.
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Analysis
29. Cognitive behavioral models of the etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder focus on understanding
a) the trauma that initially produced the thoughts and behaviors.
b) why the thoughts and behaviors continue after the threat has dissipated.
c) the interpersonal gains associated with the thoughts and behaviors.
d) how the thoughts and behaviors originally began.
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Comprehension
30. Attempting to stop an obsession is called
a) thought suppression.
b) compulsive suppression.
c) blocking behavior.
d) differential reinforcement.
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
31. Substantial evidence shows that symptoms of OCD are
a) adaptive.
b) related to underactivity in the frontal lobes.
c) a result of increased worry.
d) related to overactivity in multiple brain structures.
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Synthesis
32. The cognitive behavioral view of OCD focuses on why, among people with OCD,
a) conditioned responses persist so long.
b) reinforcement is of limited effectiveness.
c) punishment paradoxically increases symptoms.
d) acquisition of conditioned behaviors is slow.
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
33. The cognitive model of OCD focuses on the observation that people with OCD
a) have exceptionally good memories that they trust implicitly.
b) lack the ability to differentiate between real and imagined threats.
c) have a reduced responsiveness to pleasurable situations.
d) try harder than others do to suppress unacceptable thoughts.
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Application
34. Leslie believes that thinking about unacceptable impulses, like thinking about sexual acts she believes to be immoral, is the same as engaging in them. Leslie is experiencing
a) thought–action fusion.
b) functional equivalency.
c) the obsessive conundrum.
d) compulsive shaming.
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Comprehension
35. Efforts to inhibit obsessive thoughts
a) may increase obsessional thinking and negative mood.
b) may be a helpful strategy for people with OCD to use.
c) result in other problems, such as stress-induced illnesses.
d) are easier if a significant other is involved to provide encouragement.
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Comprehension
36. When a person with BDD looks in a mirror, that person
a) is attuned to details.
b) experiences overwhelming revulsion.
c) tends to get a global impression.
d) often hyperventilates and may faint.
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
37. According to cognitive behavioral models, hoarding is related to
a) mood regulation.
b) affective deficits.
c) problems focusing attention.
d) sensory abnormalities.
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Analysis
38. All three OCD-related disorders respond well to
a) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
b) dopamine inhibitors.
c) GABA enhancers.
d) norepinephrine enhancers.
Section Reference: Treatment of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the medication and psychological treatments for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Application
39. The most widely used psychological treatment for OCD-related disorders is
a) interpersonal psychotherapy.
b) psychoanalysis.
c) exposure and response prevention.
d) operant conditioning.
Section Reference: Treatment of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the medication and psychological treatments for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
40. Confronting one’s worst fears, such as contamination by dirty objects, is used during which treatment for OCD?
a) exposure and response prevention
b) psychoanalysis
c) classical conditioning
d) interpersonal therapy
Section Reference: Treatment of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the medication and psychological treatments for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Application
41. Exposure and response prevention treatment for OCD
a) is the most widely used psychological treatment.
b) is especially effective when hoarding is present.
c) is widely accepted by patients due to its effectiveness.
d) is at least partially effective for virtually all of the patients treated.
Section Reference: Treatment of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the medication and psychological treatments for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Analysis
42. What type of medication is most commonly used for OCD?
a) antipsychotics
b) antidepressants
c) neuroleptics
d) anticonvulsants
Section Reference: Treatment of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Learning Objective: Discuss the medication and psychological treatments for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Difficulty: Easy
Bloomcode: Knowledge
43. Sean’s therapist practices ERP therapy. What might they instruct Sean, who has OCD and a fear of contamination, to do?
a) meditate daily
b) challenge the idea that it is necessary to be clean
c) purposely get dirty and not wash up afterward
d) say “stop” to himself quietly when he feels that he must wash
Section Reference: Treatment of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the medication and psychological treatments for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Application
44. When used for the treatment of body dysmorphic disorder, exposure and response prevention
a) is so difficult to carry out that no controlled trials have been published.
b) is helpful in both individual and group therapy settings.
c) is far less unpleasant than it is when used for OCD.
d) may actually worsen symptoms.
Section Reference: Treatment of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the medication and psychological treatments for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Analysis
45. What proportion of people who develop PTSD have a history of an anxiety disorder?
a) about a tenth
b) about a quarter
c) about half
d) about two-thirds
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
46. Iris was in an automobile accident and went to a psychologist a week after the accident. If she is experiencing nightmares, flashbacks, and headaches and is ruminating about the accident, she may receive which diagnosis?
a) acute stress disorder
b) generalized anxiety disorder
c) posttraumatic stress disorder
d) anxiety disorder not otherwise specified
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Application
47. Extreme responses to a severe stressor that include increased anxiety, avoidance of stimuli associated with the event, and signs of increased arousal are symptoms of which disorder?
a) OCD
b) PTSD
c) BDD
d) MDD
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
48. For women, the most common type of trauma associated with PTSD is
a) homelessness.
b) widowhood.
c) rape.
d) natural disasters.
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
49. DSM-5 divides symptoms for PTSD into
a) two categories.
b) four categories.
c) six categories.
d) eight categories.
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
50. Sara has PTSD as the result of sexual assault. She feels detached from friends and activities and finds that nothing in life brings joy. Into which of the DSM-5 symptom clusters do these symptoms fall?
a) intrusively reexperiencing the traumatic event
b) avoidance of stimuli associated with the event
c) negative moods and thoughts following the trauma
d) forgetfulness and disorientation following the trauma
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Comprehension
51. Irritable or aggressive behavior, reckless or self-destructive behavior, difficulty falling or staying asleep, and hypervigilance are all symptoms associated with which of the DSM-5 symptom clusters for PTSD?
a) intrusively reexperiencing the traumatic event
b) avoidance of stimuli associated with the event
c) mood and cognitive changes following the trauma
d) symptoms of increased arousal and reactivity
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Comprehension
52. Acute stress disorder differs from PTSD in that the symptoms
a) are more severe.
b) tend to be cyclic.
c) last a shorter period of time.
d) are harder to define.
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Analysis
53. DSM-5 criteria for acute stress disorder are
a) more specific than those for PTSD.
b) more restrictive than those for PTSD.
c) harder to meet than those for PTSD.
d) broader than those for PTSD.
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Analysis
54. Of individuals with PTSD, what proportion meet the diagnostic criteria for at least one other psychological disorder?
a) less than 25%
b) nearly half
c) about two-thirds
d) more than 90%
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
55. The two-factor model of conditioning for PTSD involves classical conditioning and
a) operant conditioning.
b) socialization.
c) a neutral stimulus.
d) modeling.
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
56. Which characteristic of trauma influences whether or not a person will develop PTSD?
a) severity
b) frequency
c) source
d) uniqueness
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
57. Like the anxiety disorders, PTSD appears to be related to greater activation of the amygdala and diminished activation of the
a) temporal lobes.
b) occipital lobes.
c) frontal cortex.
d) medial prefrontal cortex.
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
58. Feeling removed from one’s body or one’s emotions or being unable to remember an event is predictive of
a) PTSD.
b) OCD.
c) GAD.
d) MDD.
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Application
59. Symptoms of PTSD are grouped into which of the following sets?
a) reexperiencing of traumatic event, avoidance of stimuli associated with event, negative alterations in mood or cognition, and increased arousal or reactivity
b) reexperiencing of traumatic event, avoidance of stimuli associated with event, and anxiety
c) hypervigilance, avoidance of stimuli associated with event, and exaggerated startle response
d) avoidance of stimuli associated with event, symptoms of increased arousal, and symptoms of suicidality
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Synthesis
60. In PTSD, examples of negative alterations in mood or cognition include
a) social withdrawal in women.
b) infrequent negative mood in children.
c) absolving others of guilt.
d) inability to recall specific aspects of the trauma.
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Comprehension
61. Rather than considering them part of the avoidance cluster of symptoms, the DSM-5 considers numbing symptoms such as feeling distant from others to be part of the
a) negative alterations in cognition and mood cluster.
b) reexperiencing the trauma cluster.
c) increased social withdrawal cluster.
d) decreased arousal and increased reactivity cluster.
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
62. The symptoms of PTSD
a) may take years to develop.
b) have limited impact on the individual with the disorder.
c) typically begin soon after the trauma and abate rapidly.
d) bear little relation to the trauma.
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Comprehension
63. Research suggests that blunted activation of which brain structure during cognitive tasks predicts the onset of PTSD symptoms?
a) hippocampus
b) medulla
c) hypothalamus
d) amygdala
Section Reference: Etiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Summarize how the nature and severity of the trauma, as well as biological and psychological influences, contribute to whether trauma-related disorders develop.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
64. Risk factors for PTSD overlap with risk factors for
a) anxiety disorders.
b) somatoform disorders.
c) mood disorders.
d) sexual disorders.
Section Reference: Etiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Summarize how the nature and severity of the trauma, as well as biological and psychological influences, contribute to whether trauma-related disorders develop.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
65. In the two-factor theory, the initial fear in PTSD is assumed to arise from
a) operant conditioning.
b) classical conditioning.
c) mental conditioning.
d) body conditioning.
Section Reference: Etiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Summarize how the nature and severity of the trauma, as well as biological and psychological influences, contribute to whether trauma-related disorders develop.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
66. According to the two-factor theory, once the fear is established in PTSD, what helps to maintain that fear?
a) operant conditioning
b) classical conditioning
c) mental conditioning
d) body conditioning
Section Reference: Etiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Summarize how the nature and severity of the trauma, as well as biological and psychological influences, contribute to whether trauma-related disorders develop.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
67. Which of the following treatments has been shown to be more effective than either medication or supportive psychotherapy in treating posttraumatic stress disorder?
a) progressive muscle relaxation
b) exposure treatment
c) EMDR
d) group psychotherapy with other trauma victims
Section Reference: Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the medication and psychological treatments for trauma-related disorders.
Bloomcode: Analysis
68. Treatment of acute stress disorder is
a) unnecessary, as most people recover anyway over time.
b) dangerous, as reliving the event increases the trauma.
c) important, as it reduces the risk of developing PTSD.
d) difficult, as it is hard to re-create the original trauma.
Section Reference: Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the medication and psychological treatments for trauma-related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
69. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)
a) is the best treatment available for PTSD.
b) is very controversial and has limited research support.
c) has been empirically shown to work better than exposure therapy.
d) is supported by strong theoretical explanations.
Section Reference: Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the medication and psychological treatments for trauma-related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
70. What is the primary treatment for PTSD?
a) exposure treatment
b) flooding
c) classical conditioning
d) affective rehearsal treatment
Section Reference: Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the medication and psychological treatments for trauma-related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
71. Marc is being treated for PTSD and has been asked to think about an incident that was associated with the onset of the disorder. This is referred to as
a) treatment exposure.
b) imaginal exposure.
c) experiential treatment.
d) reactivation treatment.
Section Reference: Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the medication and psychological treatments for trauma-related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
72. What type of therapy is designed to help victims of rape and childhood sexual abuse to dispute tendencies toward self-blame?
a) exposure treatment
b) imaginal exposure
c) cognitive processing
d) psychoanalysis
Section Reference: Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the medication and psychological treatments for trauma-related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
73. Which approach involves treatment of trauma victims within 72 hours of the traumatic event?
a) emergency therapy
b) critical incident stress debriefing
c) victim distancing therapy
d) cognitive processing therapy
Section Reference: Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the medication and psychological treatments for trauma-related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
Question Type: True/False
74. True or false? Most people with OCD experience either obsessions or compulsions, but not both.
a) True
b) False
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
75. True or false? About a quarter of people with hoarding disorder meet the diagnostic criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder.
a) True
b) False
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
76. True or false? Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation has been successfully used to treat persons with severe, treatment-resistant OCD.
a) True
b) False
Section Reference: Treatment of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Discuss the medication and psychological treatments for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
77. True or false? Among men, military trauma most often precedes PTSD.
a) True
b) False
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
78. True or false? Benzodiazepines are especially effective in the treatment of PTSD.
a) True
b) False
Section Reference: Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the medication and psychological treatments for trauma-related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
79. True or false? The eye movements in EMDR appear to reduce the vividness and intensity of memories.
a) True
b) False
Section Reference: Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the medication and psychological treatments for trauma-related disorders.
Bloomcode: Knowledge
Question Type: Short Answer
80. Why is it that individuals experiencing PTSD sometimes have difficulty remembering some aspects of the trauma while at the same time suffering from intrusive memories of other aspects of it?
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Evaluation
81. List two reasons why the diagnosis of acute stress disorder is not as well accepted as the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder.
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder.
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Evaluation
Question Type: Essay
82. Describe the difference between an obsession and a compulsion, and provide an example of each.
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Evaluation
83. Distinguish between the compulsions experienced by a person with OCD and those experienced by a person who is termed a compulsive gambler.
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Synthesis
84. How is hoarding similar to OCD?
Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Explain the symptoms and epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Analysis
85. Explain why body dysmorphic disorder is likely to begin in adolescence.
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Synthesis
86. Describe the cognitive and behavioral explanations for OCD-related disorders.
Section Reference: Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Describe the commonalities in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, as well as the influences that shape the expression of the specific disorders within this cluster.
Bloomcode: Comprehension
87. Describe two treatment options for those with OCD.
Section Reference: Treatment of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the medication and psychological treatments for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
Bloomcode: Analysis
88. Discuss three risk factors for developing PTSD.
Section Reference: Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: Define the symptoms and outcomes of the trauma-related disorders: acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.
Bloomcode: Evaluation
89. Discuss two treatment options for PTSD, relating them to what is known about the etiology of PTSD.
Section Reference: Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the medication and psychological treatments for trauma-related disorders.
Bloomcode: Analysis
90. Describe and evaluate the types of support that alleviate the effects of trauma.
Section Reference: Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Describe the medication and psychological treatments for trauma-related disorders.
Bloomcode: Analysis
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Connected Book
Test Bank | Abnormal Psychology Science & Treatment 15e
By Ann M. Kring, Sheri L. Johnson