Ch.9 Schizophrenia Test Questions & Answers 15th Edition

CHAPTER 9

Schizophrenia

Question Type: Multiple Choice

1. Schizophrenia is a disorder characterized by disturbances in

a) social interactions, personality, and affect.

b) intellect, memory, and cognition.

c) moods, cognitions, and personality.

d) thought, emotion, and behavior.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

2. Research suggests that, on social media,

a) there is little misinformation about schizophrenia.

b) schizophrenia is less stigmatized than disorders like diabetes.

c) posters tend to be sympathetic to people with schizophrenia.

d) schizophrenia remains significantly stigmatized.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

3. The lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia is about

a) 1%.

b) 3%.

c) 5%.

d) 7%.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

4. The observation that schizophrenia is diagnosed more often among African Americans than among whites is believed to reflect

a) a true difference in prevalence.

b) underlying vulnerabilities.

c) genetic predispositions.

d) bias in diagnosis.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

5. Schizophrenia most commonly appears in

a) early childhood.

b) middle or late childhood.

c) late adolescence or early adulthood.

d) late adulthood.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

6. The DSM-5 criteria for a diagnosis of schizophrenia include

a) apraxia.

b) aphasia.

c) avolition.

d) agnosia.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

7. Symptoms of schizophrenia fall into which of the following sets of categories?

a) positive, neutral, and negative

b) positive, negative, and disorganized

c) organized, positive, and negative

d) organized, disorganized, and negative

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

8. Which of the followinggh is a negative symptom of schizophrenia?

a) hallucinations

b) asociality

c) agitation

d) delusions

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

9. Which of the following is a positive symptom of schizophrenia?

a) hallucinations

b) anhedonia

c) distortions of emotion

d) disorganized speech

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

10. Thomas believes that a TV announcer is placing evil ideas in his mind. What type of delusion is Thomas experiencing?

a) thought broadcasting

b) reference

c) grandiosity

d) thought insertion

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Application

11. An exaggerated sense of importance, power, knowledge, or identity occurs in

a) grandiose delusions.

b) hallucinations.

c) ideas of reference.

d) thought broadcasting.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

12. When a person incorporates unimportant events within a delusional framework and reads personal significance into trivial activities of others, that person is experiencing

a) grandiose delusions.

b) hallucinations.

c) ideas of reference.

d) absence of logic.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

13. Negative symptoms of schizophrenia include

a) disorganized thoughts.

b) alogia.

c) disorganized speech.

d) delusions.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

14. Sensory experiences in the absence of any relevant stimulation from the environment are called

a) delusions.

b) ideas of reference.

c) hallucinations.

d) flights of thought.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

15. What part of their brain is activated when people with schizophrenia are hearing voices?

a) the cerebellum

b) the reticular formation

c) Broca’s area

d) Werner’s region

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

16. Which of the following is most prominent during an acute episode of schizophrenia?

a) disorientation

b) positive symptoms

c) difficulty concentrating

d) inability to engage in self-care

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

17. Mark’s parents have brought him to see a psychologist because they believe Mark is experiencing delusions. What piece of information would most indicate that Mark had schizophrenia and not some other disorder?

a) His delusions occur only when his parents are around.

b) His delusions are highly implausible.

c) His delusions have persisted for only a few weeks.

d) His delusions involve other people.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Application

18. An individual who believes that others can cause him or her to feel or behave in certain ways, against his or her own will, is experiencing

a) delusions of control.

b) thought broadcasting.

c) delusions of persecution.

d) grandiose delusions.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

19. “When I am trying to relax and read a book, my father puts his thoughts into my head so that I cannot concentrate.” This statement by a person with schizophrenia is an example of what type of symptom?

a) affective

b) motor

c) positive

d) negative

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Application

20.The hallucinations most commonly experienced by those with schizophrenia are

a) visual.

b) tactile.

c) auditory.

d) olfactory.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

21. Carla has schizophrenia. Which of her symptoms is most likely to be present after an acute episode of schizophrenia has abated?

a) hearing a voice telling her that she is not good at her job and will be fired

b) thinking that her thoughts are being broadcast so that others can read them

c) not showering for days on end because she just cannot muster the desire to

d) having difficulty conversing with others because her speech is jumbled

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Application

22. Which of the following are examples of negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

a) flat affect, lack of initiative

b) hallucinations, delusions

c) difficulty concentrating, low intelligence, poor memory

d) catatonic immobility, waxy flexibility

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

23. Carlos has schizophrenia and is living with his parents. One of his symptoms is difficulty initiating any activity and, once he gets started, typically being unable to finish. This is an example of

a) akathisia.

b) anhedonia.

c) avolition.

d) alogia.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Application

24. Anhedonia refers to lack of

a) emotional expression.

b) the experience of feeling pleasure.

c) coherent speech.

d) speech.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

25. The symptom called alogia refers to a reduction in

a) intelligence.

b) energy and interest.

c) emotional response.

d) speech.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

26. James has schizophrenia and finds it difficult to experience pleasure from activities that he enjoyed before his symptoms began. This is an example of

a) alogia.

b) anhedonia.

c) avolition.

d) asociality.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Application

27. Roger has a vacant stare. He answers questions in an apathetic, monotone voice and shows no emotion, even when discussing such events as his mother’s death. Roger’s affect would be described as

a) deficient.

b) inappropriate.

c) blasé.

d) blunted.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Application

28. When an individual with schizophrenia shows a blunted affect, that individual

a) does not experience emotions.

b) does not express emotions.

c) does not experience physiological arousal.

d) does not understand emotions.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

29. “My thoughts get all jumbled up. I start thinking or talking about one thing but then by the time I get to the end of the sentence, I find myself talking about something else instead.” This is an example of which of the following symptoms of schizophrenia?

a) delusions

b) loose associations

c) alogia

d) avolition

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Application

30. James has schizophrenia and is flailing his limbs wildly with excitement. This is most appropriately labeled as

a) catatonia.

b) mania.

c) hallucinations.

d) delusions.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Application

31. Mr. Hart spends long hours sitting in a chair with his arms behind his back and his left leg tucked under him. No matter what is going on around him, he remains in this position. This is an example of which symptom of schizophrenia?

a) somatic passivity

b) anhedonia

c) catatonia

d) inappropriate affect

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Application

32. When Marcia heard that her favorite cat had been hit by a car and killed, she giggled loudly. This is an example of

a) blunted affect.

b) inappropriate affect.

c) anhedonia.

d) incoherence.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Application

33. When someone with schizophrenia dresses oddly, wanders, or acts in a silly manner, that person is manifesting

a) disorganized behavior.

b) disorganized reactivity.

c) avolition.

d) blunted behavior.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

34. The concept of schizophrenia was originally formulated by Emil Kraepelin and

a) Eugen Bleuler.

b) Sigmund Freud.

c) Jerome Welchup.

d) Leo Kanner.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

35. The term schizophrenia comes from the Greek words schizein, meaning “to split,” and phren, meaning

a) “dissociation.”

b) “mind.”

c) “conscience.”

d) “unconscious state.”

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

36. According to DSM-5, the diagnosis of schizophrenia requires that symptoms be present for at least

a) 1 month.

b) 6 months.

c) 1 year.

d) 2 years.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

37. For a diagnosis of schizophrenia, a person has to have at least two symptoms, and one of these needs to be

a) hallucinations, disorganized behavior, or anhedonia.

b) alogia, asociality, or delusions.

c) disorganized thoughts, blunted affect, or hallucinations.

d) delusions, hallucinations, or disorganized speech.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

38. Howard had a psychotic episode following the death of his wife. He had hallucinations in which he would hear her speaking to him, telling him to kill himself. Howard developed elaborate delusions about his ability to communicate with his wife’s spirit. Howard recovered from this episode after 1 week and had no further symptoms. What DSM-5 diagnosis would fit Howard’s case?

a) schizophreniform disorder

b) brief psychotic disorder

c) schizoaffective disorder

d) schizophrenia

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Application

39. Sam believes that a famous YouTube influencer is in love with him and sending him coded messages about this in videos. He does not have any other symptoms. His most likely diagnosis would be

a) schizophreniform disorder.

b) schizoaffective disorder.

c) delusional disorder.

d) bipolar disorder with delusions.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Application

40. The disorder called attenuated psychosis syndrome originated from the study of

a) people who have schizophrenia and whose symptoms persist even after they take medication.

b) elderly people who have schizophrenia but whose symptoms have lessened with age.

c) people who only occasionally have symptoms of schizophrenia.

d) young people who are at high risk of developing schizophrenia.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

41. Both brief psychotic disorder and schizophreniform disorder

a) last less than 6 months.

b) are the result of extreme stress.

c) must include anhedonia.

d) are characterized by an absence of insight.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

42. In DSM-5, attenuated psychosis syndrome

a) is included in Section III (“Conditions for Further Study”).

b) is included in the chapter “Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders.”

c) was moved to the chapter “Trauma-Related Disorders.”

d) was included within the diagnosis of brief psychotic disorder.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

43. In a study of a large sample of people from Dunedin, New Zealand, children who developed schizophrenia as adults had signs of a cognitive deficits beginning at age

a) 6.

b) 7.

c) 8.

d) 9.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

44. Family studies of the genetic basis for schizophrenia look at

a) the rate of schizophrenia in relatives of individuals with schizophrenia.

b) concordance for schizophrenia in cultures where incest is relatively common.

c) the likelihood that an individual with schizophrenia will have children.

d) the effects of being raised by a parent with schizophrenia.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

45. What is the incidence of schizophrenia among individuals whose parents both have schizophrenia?

a) 27%

b) 7%

c) 8.6%

d) 15.6%

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

46. Suppose that, one member of a pair of MZ twins has schizophrenia and the other does not. Research suggests that the offspring of the unaffected twin will

a) have a substantially higher risk of schizophrenia than the general population.

b) have a slightly higher risk of schizophrenia than the general population.

c) have the same risk of schizophrenia as the general population.

d) have a lower risk of schizophrenia than the general population.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

47. What is the incidence of schizophrenia in offspring if neither biological parent has schizophrenia?

a) less than 1%

b) 2%

c) 3%

d) 5%

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

48. Compared to the offspring of parents who have no major psychological disorders, offspring with a biological parent who has schizophrenia

a) have the same likelihood of being diagnosed with a major psychological disorder.

b) are about twice as likely to be diagnosed with a major psychological disorder.

c) are about five times as likely to be diagnosed with a major psychological disorder.

d) are about ten times as likely to be diagnosed with a major psychological disorder.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

49. One candidate gene that appears to be associated with schizophrenia is the

a) SRS2 gene that encodes the S2 serotonin receptor.

b) DRD2 gene that encodes the D2 dopamine receptor.

c) ApoE4 gene that encodes apolipoprotein.

d) MAOA gene that encodes monoamine oxidase A.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

50. Studies of copy number variations (CNVs) suggest that

a) specific CNVs are uniquely and highly predictive of schizophrenia.

b) while CNVs are common in individuals with schizophrenia and other disorders, no particular CNVs are more common than others.

c) CNVs are less common in people with schizophrenia than in other people.

d) while certain CNVs are associated with schizophrenia, those same CNVs are also associated with other disorders.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

51. The dopamine theory of schizophrenia is based on which of these observations?

a) Parkinson’s disease is known to be caused by excess levels of dopamine.

b) People with schizophrenia almost never develop symptoms like those of Parkinson’s disease.

c) Drugs that relieve schizophrenic symptoms reduce dopamine activity.

d) Drugs that alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease reduce dopamine levels.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

52. An excess of dopamine activity appears to be related mainly to

a) positive and disorganization symptoms.

b) positive and negative symptoms.

c) negative and disorganization symptoms.

d) positive, negative, and disorganization symptoms.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

53. Which of the following suggests that dopamine activity is more strongly related to positive symptoms than to negative symptoms?

a) Antipsychotic drugs typically reduce positive but not negative symptoms.

b) Administering dopamine produces little increase in positive symptoms.

c) MRIs of people with schizophrenia who have positive symptoms show more dopamine receptors.

d) Parkinson’s disease involves symptoms similar to positive symptoms.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

54. A consistent brain abnormality found among people with schizophrenia is

a) frontal lobe enlargement.

b) parietal lobe enlargement.

c) enlarged ventricles.

d) interrupted tracts in the reticular formation.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

55. In people with schizophrenia, the amount of gray matter in the temporal and frontal cortexes is

a) greater than normal.

b) normal.

c) unevenly distributed.

d) less than normal.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

56. Research suggests that the structural abnormalities found in those with schizophrenia may be due to

a) the stress of acute psychotic episodes.

b) pregnancy and birth complications.

c) chronic confused cognitive patterns.

d) childhood malnutrition.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

57. Which of the following have been proposed as likely contributors to the reduction in hippocampal volume observed in people with schizophrenia?

a) stress reactivity and a disrupted amygdala

b) anxiety and brain damage

c) anxiety and limbic overarousal

d) stress reactivity and a disrupted HPA axis

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

58. Recent research has found that those with schizophrenia have structural and functional abnormalities in the

a) temporal cortex and prefrontal cortex.

b) cerebellum and temporal cortex.

c) prefrontal cortex and amygdala.

d) cerebellum and amygdala.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

59. In schizophrenia research, the term prodrome refers to

a) neurobehavioral functioning in the disorder.

b) positive symptomatology in the disorder.

c) intellectual functioning in the disorder.

d) the early symptoms of the disorder.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

60. Which of the following sociocultural factors is associated with schizophrenia?

a) bilingualism

b) child-rearing practices

c) religiosity

d) migration

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Understand the psychological influences in schizophrenia, including sociocultural, familial, and developmental influences.

Bloomcode: Analysis

61. With respect to the association between poverty and schizophrenia, the bulk of the evidence indicates that

a) the stress of living in a poor neighborhood markedly increases risk of schizophrenia.

b) people with schizophrenia drift into poor neighborhoods as a consequence of the illness.

c) the physical environment of poor neighborhoods, including pollution, increases the risk of schizophrenia.

d) people who live in poor neighborhoods are more likely to be incorrectly diagnosed with schizophrenia.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Understand the psychological influences in schizophrenia, including sociocultural, familial, and developmental influences.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

62. When Miki asks about her great uncle, who had schizophrenia and lived much of his life in a state institution, she is told that the doctors at the time blamed his mother, who was said to be cold and dominant. What approach to the etiology of schizophrenia does this represent?

a) schizophrenogenic

b) high-risk

c) sociogenic

d) social-selection

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Understand the psychological influences in schizophrenia, including sociocultural, familial, and developmental influences.

Bloomcode: Application

63. Some families are said to be prone to critical comments, hostility, and overinvolvement with family members. These families are high in

a) earned expression.

b) expressed emotion.

c) emotional expression.

d) earned emotion.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Understand the psychological influences in schizophrenia, including sociocultural, familial, and developmental influences.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

64. Most European American caregivers designated as high in expressed emotion were so designated due to

a) high critical comments and emotional overinvolvement.

b) high hostility and critical comments.

c) high hostility and emotional overinvolvement.

d) high hostility, critical comments, and emotional overinvolvement.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Understand the psychological influences in schizophrenia, including sociocultural, familial, and developmental influences.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

65. Data on expressed emotion (EE) indicates that people with schizophrenia are more likely to relapse (that is, return to the hospital) if their families

a) are cool, calm, unemotional, and aloof.

b) are uninvolved.

c) are critical and overinvolved with them.

d) are excessively supportive and encouraging.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Understand the psychological influences in schizophrenia, including sociocultural, familial, and developmental influences.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

66. Research investigating the role of family relationships in schizophrenia best supports the

a) schizophrenogenic mother theory.

b) triangulation theory.

c) expressed emotion theory.

d) dopamine theory.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Understand the psychological influences in schizophrenia, including sociocultural, familial, and developmental influences.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

67. Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between expressed emotion and unusual thoughts in a person with schizophrenia?

a) Critical comments made by family members lead a person with schizophrenia to have more unusual thoughts.

b) Unusual thoughts by a person with schizophrenia lead his or her family to be more critical.

c) The relationship works both ways, with critical comments increasing unusual thoughts and unusual thoughts increasing critical comments.

d) More refined research has failed to replicate findings on expressed emotion and suggests that the effects are specific to European American families.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Understand the psychological influences in schizophrenia, including sociocultural, familial, and developmental influences.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

68. A problem with any kind of treatment for schizophrenia is that

a) some people with schizophrenia refuse any treatment at all.

b) the disorder is biologically based, so only medications can help.

c) all therapies are upsetting to patients.

d) treatment is rarely helpful.

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

69. Who is likely to have the best outcome associated with an initial psychotic episode?

a) a man is his mid-teens

b) a man in his mid-20s

c) a woman in her mid-20s

d) a woman in her mid-teens

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Analysis

70. People who experience a lessening of symptoms when on antipsychotics

a) should be weaned off the medication as soon as possible.

b) should stay on that dose for the remainder of their lives.

c) can gradually reduce their dose to a maintenance level.

d) can gradually increase the dose until all symptoms are in remission.

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Comprehension

71. The extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotics

a) include sedation and dizziness.

b) resemble the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.

c) often involve slowed cognition.

d) resemble the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

72. A possible side effect of antipsychotic medication is akathisia, which refers to

a) the inability to remain still.

b) constant aching of muscles.

c) severe confusion.

d) severe vertigo.

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

73. Sam is being treated with medication for schizophrenia. He involuntarily smacks his lips and seems unable to control his motor movements. Sam is experiencing

a) akathisia.

b) tardive dyskinesia.

c) dystonia.

d) neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Application

74. Research has shown that, in comparison to first-generation antipsychotics, second-generation antipsychotics have

a) fewer and less severe side effects.

b) fewer but more severe side effects.

c) some of the same side effects as well as additional, but not life-threatening, side effects.

d) some of the same side effects as well as additional, sometimes life-threatening, side effects.

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Analysis

75. Clozapine and olanzapine have which dangerous potential side effect that requires monitoring of the patient during their administration?

a) a sudden increase in red blood cells

b) deterioration of spinal fluid integrity

c) metabolic changes including type 2 diabetes

d) markedly decreased blood glucose levels

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

76. In the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness, or CATIE, which studied medications for schizophrenia, the effects of first- and second-generation antipsychotics were compared. Which of the following was a finding of this study?

a) The first-generation drugs were more effective than the second-generation drugs.

b) The second-generation drugs were not more effective than the older, first-generation drugs.

c) The second-generation drugs produced fewer unpleasant side effects.

d) Nearly three-quarters of the people continued taking the medication until the end of the study.

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

77. A large randomized, controlled trial conducted in China studied the treatment of schizophrenia and found that

a) psychosocial treatments predicted no benefit above and beyond medication.

b) medication was useless in treating the disorder over long periods of time.

c) the combination of medication and psychosocial treatment predicted the best outcome.

d) medication alone predicted the best outcome.

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

78. Connie is receiving psychological therapy for schizophrenia. A major focus has been practicing more effective methods for dealing with others, including family and friends as well as potential employers and co-workers. She is likely receiving

a) ego analysis.

b) psychoeducation.

c) social skills training.

d) token economy.

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Application

79. Family therapy with families of individuals with schizophrenia commonly emphasizes

a) discouraging inappropriate behavior.

b) education about schizophrenia.

c) minimizing use of medications.

d) genetic counseling.

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

80. Families of individuals with schizophrenia are now encouraged to

a) begin early intervention with other, younger family members.

b) place their mentally ill family member in long-term care.

c) expand their own social support networks.

d) admit that there is nothing they can really do that will help the family member.

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

81. Cognitive behavior therapy adapted for people with psychosis can reduce

a) positive symptoms as well as negative symptoms.

b) positive symptoms but not negative symptoms.

c) negative symptoms but not positive symptoms.

d) only disorganized symptoms.

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

82. The NAVIGATE treatment focuses on

a) helping people with schizophrenia learn how to cope with the mental health system.

b) basic life skills necessary for independent living as well as medication compliance.

c) family psychoeducation, medication, and reduction in life stress.

d) medication, family psychoeducation, individual therapy, and help with employment and education.

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

83. In the United States today, residential treatment for people with schizophrenia

a) is often hard to find for those patients who need it.

b) is of high quality and is generally affordable.

c) is not used at all due to the importance of “least restrictive” treatments.

d) is more widely available than ever before.

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Knowledge

Question Type: Essay

84. Discuss the differences between positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia and provide two examples of each.

Section Reference: Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Describe the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms.

Bloomcode: Evaluation

85. Discuss the findings from recent neuroimaging studies conducted with people with schizophrenia.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Synthesis

86. Discuss the dopamine theory of schizophrenia. What evidence is there to support this theory? What evidence is there to discount it?

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Evaluation

87. What have genetic studies uncovered about the heritability of schizophrenia?

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Differentiate the genetic influences, both behavioral and molecular, in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Synthesis

88. Discuss the relationship between socioeconomic status and schizophrenia.

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Understand the psychological influences in schizophrenia, including sociocultural, familial, and developmental influences.

Bloomcode: Analysis

89. How can family interactions influence schizophrenia?

Section Reference: Etiology of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Understand the psychological influences in schizophrenia, including sociocultural, familial, and developmental influences.

Bloomcode: Synthesis

90. Discuss the research supporting comprehensive, multidisciplinary approaches to the treatment of schizophrenia. Why do you think such broad approaches are needed?

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Analysis

91. Discuss the findings on the use of cognitive behavior therapy for schizophrenia.

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Synthesis

92. Based on research, what are the best treatment options for schizophrenia? Why?

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Evaluation

93. Discuss common side effects of traditional antipsychotic medications. What side effects do the atypical antipsychotics have? How would you weigh the risks of the side effects against the benefits of the medications?

Section Reference: Treatment of Schizophrenia

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Distinguish the medication treatments and psychological treatments for schizophrenia.

Bloomcode: Evaluation