intro Organic Chemistry – Ch19 | Test Bank – Foundations – 15e

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Chapter Nineteen

Multiple Choice

1. Alkyl groups have the general formula

A. C_nH_2n.

B. C_nH_2n+1.

C. C_nH_2n+2.

D. C_nH_n+2.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

2. Which of the following structures can be used to represent benzene?

A.

B.

C.

D.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.5

3. How many covalent bonds does carbon generally form in organic compounds? 

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

4. The bond between two carbon atoms is

A. ionic

B. covalent

C. polar covalent

D. metallic

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

5. How many pairs of electrons are shared in a single covalent bond?

A. one

B. two

C. three

D. four

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Describe the arrangement of electrons around a carbon atom and how it leads to the chemical composition of hydrocarbons.

Reference: Section 19.2

6. How many pairs of electrons are shared in a double covalent bond?

A. one

B. two

C. three

D. four

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Describe the arrangement of electrons around a carbon atom and how it leads to the chemical composition of hydrocarbons.

Reference: Section 19.2

7. How many pairs of electrons are shared in a triple covalent bond?

A. one

B. two

C. three

D. four

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Describe the arrangement of electrons around a carbon atom and how it leads to the chemical composition of hydrocarbons.

Reference: Section 19.2

8. How many total pairs of electrons are shared in a molecule of CO₂?

A. one

B. two

C. three

D. four

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Describe the arrangement of electrons around a carbon atom and how it leads to the chemical composition of hydrocarbons.

Reference: Section 19.2

9. How many total pairs of electrons are shared in a molecule of H₂O?

A. one

B. two

C. three

D. four

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Describe the arrangement of electrons around a carbon atom and how it leads to the chemical composition of hydrocarbons.

Reference: Section 19.2

10. How many total pairs of electrons are shared in a molecule of CH₄?

A. one

B. two

C. three

D. four

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Describe the arrangement of electrons around a carbon atom and how it leads to the chemical composition of hydrocarbons.

Reference: Section 19.2

11. Which of the following compounds is the most soluble in water?

A. ethane

B. ethene

C. dimethyl ether

D. ethanol

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for ethers and name ethers.

Reference: Section 19.8

12. What type of compound is composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms?

A. carbohydrate

B. hydrocarbon

C. ester

D. carboxylic acid

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Describe the arrangement of electrons around a carbon atom and how it leads to the chemical composition of hydrocarbons.

Reference: Section 19.2

13. Which hydrocarbon series is saturated?

A. alkenes

B. alkynes

C. alkanes

D. aromatics

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

14. In which hydrocarbon series is there a single covalent bond between all carbon atoms?

A. aromatics

B. alkanes

C. alkenes

D. alkynes

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

15. Which of the following is an aromatic compound?

A. C₂H₅OH

B. C₆H₁₄O

C. C₆H₅CO₂H

D. C₆H₁₂

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.5

16. Which hydrocarbon series contains a triple covalent bond between carbon atoms?

A. alkynes

B. alkanes

C. alkenes

D. aromatics

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define alkenes and alkynes, write names for alkenes and alkynes, and discuss reactions for alkenes and alkynes.

Reference: Section 19.4

17. Which hydrocarbon series contains a double covalent bond between carbon atoms?

A. alkynes

B. alkanes

C. alkenes

D. aromatics

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define alkenes and alkynes, write names for alkenes and alkynes, and discuss reactions for alkenes and alkynes.

Reference: Section 19.4

18. Which hydrocarbon series contains a benzene ring?

A. alkanes

B. alkenes

C. alkynes

D. aromatics

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.5

19. What is the total number of bonds in benzoic acid, C₆H₅CO₂H?

A. 19

B. 18

C. 17

D. 16

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.5

20. What is the total number of bonds in ethene, C₂H₄?

A. 4

B. 5

C. 6

D. 7

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.5

21. What is the total number of bonds in ethyne, C₂H₂?

A. 3

B. 4

C. 5

D. 6

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define alkenes and alkynes, write names for alkenes and alkynes, and discuss reactions for alkenes and alkynes.

Reference: Section 19.4

22. How many hydrogen atom are in a molecule of hexene?

A. 6

B. 10

C. 12

D. 14

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define alkenes and alkynes, write names for alkenes and alkynes, and discuss reactions for alkenes and alkynes.

Reference: Section 19.4

23. C_nH_2n-6 is the general formula for the

A. alkenes.

B. alkanes.

C. alkynes.

D. aromatics.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define alkenes and alkynes, write names for alkenes and alkynes, and discuss reactions for alkenes and alkynes.

Reference: Section 19.4

24. C_nH_2n-2 is the general formula for the

A. alkynes.

B. alkanes.

C. alkenes.

D. aromatics.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define alkenes and alkynes, write names for alkenes and alkynes, and discuss reactions for alkenes and alkynes.

Reference: Section 19.4

25. C_nH_2n+2 is the general formula for the

A. alkenes.

B. alkynes.

C. alkanes.

D. aromatics.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

26. Which of the following compounds is saturated?

A. CH₄

B. C₃H₆

C. C₂H₂

D. C₆H₆

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

27. What is the general formula for alkanes?

A. C_nH_2n-2

B. C_nH_2n

C. C_nH_2n+2

D. C_nH_2n-6

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

28. What is the general formula for alkynes?

A. C_nH_2n-2

B. C_nH_2n

C. C_nH_2n+2

D. C_nH_2n-6

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

29. Which of the following compounds is saturated?

A. C₂H₄

B. C₃H₆

C. C₆H₈

D. C₂H₆

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

30. Which of the following compounds is unsaturated?

A. C₂H₆

B. C₄H₁₀

C. C₅H₁₂

D. C₆H₁₂

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define alkenes and alkynes, write names for alkenes and alkynes, and discuss reactions for alkenes and alkynes.

Reference: Section 19.4

31. Which of the following compounds is unsaturated?

A. C₃H₈

B. C₄H₁₀

C. CH₄

D. C₅H₈

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define alkenes and alkynes, write names for alkenes and alkynes, and discuss reactions for alkenes and alkynes.

Reference: Section 19.4

32. Complete combustion of an alkane produces

A. CO_2, only.

B. H₂O, only.

C. CO₂ and H₂O.

D. CO and H₂O.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

33. The difference between any two consecutive members of a homologous series of hydrocarbons is

A. one carbon atom and one oxygen atom.

B. one carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms.

C. two carbon atoms and one hydrogen atom.

D. two carbon atoms and two hydrogen atoms.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

34. Two or more different compounds with the same molecular formula are

A. isomers

B. isotopes

C. hypermeres

D. hypertopes

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

35. Isomers have

A. the same physical and chemical properties.

B. different physical and chemical properties.

C. the same physical but different chemical properties.

D. different physical but same chemical properties.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

36. Which of the following hydrocarbons does not have isomers?

A. C₃H₈

B. C₄H₈

C. C₅H₁₀

D. C₆H₁₄

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

37. Select the correct name for the following compound?

1. 3,4-diethyl-4-methyl-2-butanol
2. 2,3-diethyl-4-pentanol
3. 3,4-diethyl-2-pentanol
4. 3-ethyl-4-methyl-2-hexanol

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for alcohols and name alcohols.

Reference: Section 19.7

38. Which of the following has the greatest number of isomers?

A. CH₄

B. C₂H₆

C. C₃H₈

D. C₄H₁₀

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

39. Which of the following has the least number of isomers?

A. C₃H₈

B. C₁₂H₂₆

C. C₅H₁₂

D. C₇H₁₆

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

40. C₃H₈ is

A. octane.

B. butane.

C. propane.

D. methane.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

41. C₂H₆ is

A. propane.

B. ethane.

C. butane.

D. methane.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

42. CH₃CH₂CH(CH₃)₂ is

A. pentane.

B. 2-methylbutane.

C. 1,1-dimethylpropane.

D. hexane.

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

43. CH₃CH=CH₂ is

A. propane.

B. 1-methylethene.

C. propene.

D. butane.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define organic chemistry.

Reference: Section 19.1

44. CH₃CH=CHCH₃ is

A. 2-butene.

B. 1-methylpropene.

C. 2-butane.

D. 2-butyne.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define organic chemistry.

Reference: Section 19.1

45. CH₃CH=CHCH₂CH₃ is

A. pentane.

B. pentyne.

C. 2-pentene.

D. 3-pentene.

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define alkenes and alkynes, write names for alkenes and alkynes, and discuss reactions for alkenes and alkynes

Reference: Section 19.4

46. C₂H₂ is

A. methane.

B. methyne.

C. ethane.

D. ethyne.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define alkenes and alkynes, write names for alkenes and alkynes, and discuss reactions for alkenes and alkynes

Reference: Section 19.4

47. Select the correct name for the following.

A

1. p-bromochloro-2-ethylbenzene
2. 4-bromo-1-chloro-ethylbenzene
3. 5-bromo-2-chloro-1-ethylbenzene
4. 1-bromo-4-chloro-3-ethylbenzene

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section: 19.5

48. Which of the following could represent toluene?

A. C₆H₆

B. C₇H₈

C. C₆H₈

D. C₈H₇

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.5

49. Which of the following hydrocarbons could undergo an addition reaction?

A. CH₄

B. C₂H₄

C. C₂H₆

D. C₃H₈

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define alkenes and alkynes, write names for alkenes and alkynes, and discuss reactions for alkenes and alkynes.

Reference: Section 19.4

50. Which of the following hydrocarbons could undergo an addition reaction?

A. C₄H₈

B. C₃H₈

C. C₂H₆

D. C₆H₆

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define alkenes and alkynes, write names for alkenes and alkynes, and discuss reactions for alkenes and alkynes.

Reference: Section 19.4

51. Which of the following hydrocarbons would most likely undergo a substitution reaction?

A. C₂H₂

B. C₆H₆

C. C₃H₆

D. C₄H₆

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Draw the structure of each of the hydrocarbon derivatives shown in Table 19.4.

Reference: Section 19.6

52. Which of the following hydrocarbons would most likely undergo a substitution reaction?

A. C₃H₄

B. C₂H₄

C. C₃H₆

D. CH₄

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Draw the structure of each of the hydrocarbon derivatives shown in Table 19.4.

Reference: Section 19.6

53. Which of the following is a carboxylic acid?

A. CH₃OH

B. HCOOH

C. CH₃OCH₃

D. CH₄

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for carboxylic acids and name carboxylic acids.

Reference: Section 19.10

54. Which of the following is an aldehyde?

A. HCOOH

B. C₂H₅OH

C. CH₃COCH₃

D. HCHO

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for aldehydes and ketones and name aldehydes and ketones.

Reference: Section 19.9

55. Which of the following is a ketone?

A. CH₃COCH₃

B. CH₃COOH

C. C₂H₅OH

D. CH₃CHO

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for aldehydes and ketones and name aldehydes and ketones.

Reference: Section 19.9

56. Which of the following is an ether?

A. HCOOH

B. CH₃COCH₃

C. CH₃OCH₃

D. CH₃OH

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for ethers and name ethers.

Reference: Section 19.8

57. Which of the following is an ester?

A. CH₃OH

B. CH₃CH₂COOCH₃

C. HCOOH

D. HCHO

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for esters and name esters.

Reference: Section 19.11

58. What functional group is present in CH₃OCH₃ ?

A. aldehyde

B. ketone

C. carboxylic acid

D. ether

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for esters and name esters.

Reference: Section 19.11

59. What functional group is present in CH₃COOCH₃?

A. ester

B. ketone

C. carboxylic acid

D. ether

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for esters and name esters.

Reference: Section 19.11

60. What functional group is present in CH₃COCH₃?

A. aldehyde

B. ketone

C. carboxylic acid

D. ether

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for esters and name esters.

Reference: Section 19.11

61. Which of the following is most soluble in water?

A. benzene

B. dimethyl ether

C. phenol

D. hexane

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for ethers and name ethers.

Reference: Section 19.8

62. A molecule of propane and a molecule of propene have the same

A. general formula.

B. molecular formula.

C. structural formula.

D. number of carbon atoms.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define alkenes and alkynes, write names for alkenes and alkynes, and discuss reactions for alkenes and alkynes.

Reference: Section 19.4

63. Which of the following compounds will form an aqueous solution that will turn blue litmus

paper red?

A. CH₃OH

B. CH₃COOH

C. CH₃COOCH₃

D. HCHO

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for carboxylic acids and name carboxylic acids.

Reference: Section 19.10

64. Which of the following molecules contains five carbon atoms?

A. propane

B. 2-methylpropane

C. butane

D. 2-methylbutane

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

65. Which of the following molecules contains six carbon atoms?

A. 3-methylpentane

B. heptane

C. 2-methylpropane

D. 2,3-dimethylpentane

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

66. Which of the following contains seven carbon atoms?

A. 2,2-dimethylbutane

B. 2,2-dimethylpropane

C. Benzene

D. Methylbenzene

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.5

67. Which of the following is a primary alcohol?

A. glycerol

B. 1,2-ethanediol

C. ethanol

D. 1,2,3-propanetriol

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for alcohols and name alcohols.

Reference: Section 19.7

68. Which of the following is a secondary alcohol?

A. 1,2-propanediol

B. 3-pentanol

C. ethanol

D. 1-propanol

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for alcohols and name alcohols.

Reference: Section 19.7

69. Which of the following is a tertiary alcohol?

A. 2-methyl-2-propanol

B. 2-butanol

C. 2-methylpropanol

D. 1-butanol

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for alcohols and name alcohols.

Reference: Section 19.7

70. Which of the following is a dihydroxy alcohol?

A. 2-pentanol

B. 2,3-butanediol

C. ethanol

D. 1,2,3-propanetriol

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for alcohols and name alcohols.

Reference: Section 19.7

71. The boiling point of ethanol is 78^oC while boiling point of dimethyl ether is –23^oC. This

disparity is due to

A. strong dispersion forces in ethanol.

B. ionic forces in ethanol.

C. hydrogen bonding in ethanol.

D. lack of intermolecular forces in ethanol.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for ethers and name ethers.

Reference: Section 19.8

72. Which of the following pairs contains two molecules from the same homologous series of

hydrocarbons?

A. CH₄ and C₂H₂

B. C₂H₆ and C₅H₁₂

C. C₂H₆ and C₃H₆

D. C₂H₂ and C₂H₆

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

73. Which of the following pairs contains two molecules from the same homologous series of hydrocarbons?

A. C₆H₆ and C₇H₈

B. C₃H₈ and C₃H₆

C. C₆H₆ and C₂H₆

D. C₆H₆ and C₇H₆

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

74. What is the total number of carbon atoms in a molecule of 2-methyl-4-ethyloctane?

A. 8

B. 11

C. 14

D. 17

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

75. What is the total number of bonds in a molecule of toluene?

A. 18

B. 15

C. 13

D. 11

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.5

76. Which choice contains two compounds which are isomers?

A. Methane and methanol

B. Propane and butane

C. Propane and propene

D. 2-methylpropane and butane

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

77. Which choice contains two compounds which are isomers?

A. Ethanol and 1-propanol

B. 1-propanol and 2-propanol

C. 2-propanol and 2-propanal

D. Propane and propyne

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for alcohols and name alcohols.

Reference: Section 19.7

78. p-dichlorobenzene is also known as

A. 1,2-dichlorobenzene.

B. 1,3-dichlorobenzene.

C. 1,4-dichlorobenzene.

D. 1,5-dichlorobenzene.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.5

79. m-dibromobenzene is also known as

A. 1,2-dibromobenzene.

B. 1,3-dibromobenzene.

C. 1,4- dibromobenzene.

D. 1,5- dibromobenzene.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.5

80. What is the name of CH₃(CH₂)₂CH₂Cl?

A. 3-chlorobutane

B. 1-chlorobutane

C. 3-chloropropane

D. 1-chloropropane

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw the structure of each of the hydrocarbon derivatives shown in Table 19.4.

Reference: Section 19.6

81. What is the name of CH₃—O—CH₂CH₃?

A. propanone

B. propanal

C. propanol

D. methyl ethyl ether

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for ethers and name ethers.

Reference: Section 19.8

82. What is the name of CH₃(CH₂)₄COOH?

A. hexanoic acid

B. heptanoic acid

C. benzoic acid

D. propanoic acid

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for carboxylic acids and name carboxylic acids.

Reference: Section 19.10

83. What is the name of CH₃—CHO?

A. ethanal

B. ethanol

C. dimethylether

D. ethanoic acid

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for ethers and name ethers.

Reference: Section 19.8

84. What is the name of C₆H₅COOH?

A. heptanoic acid

B. hexanoic acid

C. benzoic acid

D. phenol

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.5

85. What is the name of CH₃CH₂COOCH₃?

A. methyl propanoate

B. propyl methanoate

C. methyl ethanoate

D. methyl propyl ether

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for esters and name esters.

Reference: Section 19.11

86. What is the total number of bonds in a molecule of benzene?

A. 6

B. 9

C. 15

D. 21

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.5

87. The number of possible isomers of C₆H₁₄ is

A. 3

B. 5

C. 6

D. 8

Difficulty: hard

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

88. The reaction: CH₂=CH₂ + Br₂ → CH₂BrCH₂Br, is an example of

A. dehalogenation.

B. dehydration.

C. addition.

D. substitution.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define alkenes and alkynes, write names for alkenes and alkynes, and discuss reactions for alkenes and alkynes.

Reference: Section 19.4

89. Which of the following is not an aromatic compound?

A. C₆H₆

B. C₆H₅OH

C. C₆H₁₄

D. C₆H₅CH₃

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.5

90. Which of these has no structural isomers?

A. C₅H₁₀

B. C₄H₁₀

C. C₃H₈

D. C₆H₁₂

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

91. Which of the following compounds is not a member of the same homologous series as the others?

A. C₆H₁₄

B. C₅H₁₀

C. CH₄

D. C₃H₈

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

92. Which of the following is not the correct name for the alkane shown with it?

A. C₂H₆, ethane

B. C₅H₁₂, propane

C. C₇H₁₆, heptane

D. C₁₀H₂₂, decane

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

93. The number of possible isomers of C₅H₁₂ is

A. 3

B. 4

C. 5

D. 6

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

94. Which of the following is most polar compound?

A. benzene

B. toluene

C. phenol

D. ethylbenzene

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.5

95. Which of the following is a non-polar compound?

A. ethane

B. ethanol

C. propanal

D. ethanoic acid

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.5

96. Which of the following compounds is a structural isomer of hexane?

A.

B.

C.

D.

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

97. What is the name for the following hydrocarbon?

A. 2-ethyl-3-methylpentane

B. 3,4-dimethylhexane

C. 2,3-diethylbutane

D. octane

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

98. Which of the following is an isomer of butane?

A.

B.

C.

D.

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

99. Name the following compound:

A. 4-methyl-1-pentanol

B. 2-methyl-5-pentanol

C. 1-hexanol

D. 4,4-dimethyl-1-butanol

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for alcohols and name alcohols.

Reference: Section 19.7

100. Name the following compound:

A. methyl butanoate

B. hydroxybutylketone

C. 2-methylpropanal

D. 2-methylpropanoic acid

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for carboxylic acids and name carboxylic acids.

Reference: Section 19.10

True/False

101. Hydrocarbons are compounds composed entirely of carbon and hydrogen.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Describe the arrangement of electrons around a carbon atom and how it leads to the chemical composition of hydrocarbons

Reference: Section 19.2

102. Straight chain hydrocarbon compounds are essentially nonpolar.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

103. Both C₂H₄ and C₄H₈ belong to the alkene series.

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define alkenes and alkynes, write names for alkenes and alkynes, and discuss reactions for alkenes and alkynes.

Reference: Section 19.4

104. 2-methylpentane and 2,3-dimethylbutane are isomers.

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

105. Urea was the first organic compound synthesized from inorganic compounds.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define organic chemistry.

Reference: Section 19.1

106. Carbon tetrachloride is a hydrocarbon.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

107. Compounds with the general formula, RCHO, are carboxylic acids

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for carboxylic acids and name carboxylic acids.

Reference: Section 19.10

108. 2-propanol is a primary alcohol.

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for alcohols and name alcohols.

Reference: Section 19.7

109. All the isomers of C₃H₈O have the same properties.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

110. The molecules of alkanes have strong intermolecular attractive forces and high melting points.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

111. Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formulas but different structural formulas.

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

Free Response

112. Prepare a chart in which you name the four major homologous series of hydrocarbons, state the type of bonding found in each, write the general formula for each, write the molecular formula and name of the first member of each series.

Series Bonding General Formula First Member

Alkanes All single covalent C_nH_2n+2 CH₄, methane

bonds between carbon

atoms

Alkenes One double covalent C_nH_2n C₂H₄, ethene

bond between carbon

atoms

Alkynes One triple covalent C_nH_2n-2 C₂H₂, ethyne

bond between carbon

atoms

Aromatics All members contain C_nH_2n-6 C₆H₆, benzene

a benzene ring

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Learning Objective 2: Define alkenes and alkynes, write names for alkenes and alkynes, and discuss reactions for alkenes and alkynes.

Learning Objective 3: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.3, 19.4, 19.5

113. Name and write the formulas for the three structural isomers of pentane.

CH₃(CH₂)₃CH₃, pentane

CH₃CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, 2-methylbutane

CH₃C(CH₃)₃, 2,2-dimethylpropane

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

114. Write the balanced molecular formulas for the complete combustion of the first three members of the alkane series.

A. CH₄ + 2 O₂→ CO₂ + 2 H₂O

B. 2 C₂H₆ + 7 O₂ → 4 CO₂ + 6 H₂O

C. C₃H₈ + 5 O₂ → 3 CO₂ + 4 H₂O

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Define an alkane, write structural formulas for alkanes, and name alkanes.

Reference: Section 19.3

115. Dichlorobenzene exists in three forms. For each of the forms listed below, write the name of the compound with a numerical designation indicating the location of the chlorine atoms.

A. o-dichlorobenzene

B. p-dichlorobenzene

C. m-dichlorobenzene

A. 1,2-dichlorobenzene

B. 1,4-dichlorobenzene

C. 1,3-dichlorobenzene

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Describe the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons and name them.

Reference: Section 19.5

116. Name the class of organic compound which contains each of the following functional groups.

A. Hydroxyl group

B. Carboxyl group

C. Carbonyl group located on the final (terminal) carbon atom of a chain.

D. Carbonyl group located on an interior carbon atom of a chain

A. Alcohol

B. Organic (carboxylic) acid

C. Aldehyde

D. Ketone

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for alcohols and name alcohols.

Learning Objective 2: Draw structures for aldehydes and ketones and name aldehydes and ketones.

Learning Objective 3: Draw structures for carboxylic acids and name carboxylic acids.

Reference: Sections 19.7, 19.9, 19.10

117. Identify the class of organic compound indicated by each of the following general formulas.

A. RCOOR

B. RCOOH

C. RCHO

D. ROH

E. ROR

F. RCOR

A. Ester

B. Organic (carboxylic) acid

C. Aldehyde

D. Alcohol

E. Ether

F. Ketone

Difficulty: easy

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for alcohols and name alcohols.

Learning Objective 2: Draw structures for ethers and name ethers.

Learning Objective 3: Draw structures for aldehydes and ketones and name aldehydes and ketones.

Learning Objective 4: Draw structures for carboxylic acids and name carboxylic acids.

Learning Objective 5: Draw structures for esters and name esters.

Reference: Sections 19.7 - 19.11

118. Name the following compounds.

A. CH₃CHClCHClCH₂CH₃

B. CH₃CCl₂CH₂CH₂CH₃

C. CH₂ClCH₂CH₂CHClCH₃

D. CH₃CHClCH₂CH₂CH₂Cl

A. 2,3-dichloropentane

B. 2,2-dichloropentane

C. 1,4-dichloropentane

D. 1,4-dichloropentane

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw the structure of each of the hydrocarbon derivatives shown in Table 19.4.

Reference: Section 19.6

119. Identify each alcohol as primary, secondary, or tertiary.

A. 1-butanol

B. 2-butanol

C. 2-methyl-1-propanol

D. 2-methyl-2-propanol

A. Primary alcohol

B. Secondary alcohol

C. Primary alcohol

D. Tertiary alcohol

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for alcohols and name alcohols.

Reference: Section 19.7

120. Name these compounds.

A. CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH(CH₃)₂

B. CH₃COCH₂CH₃

C. CH₃COCH₃

D. CH₃CHO

A. 5-methyl-3-hexanone

B. 2-butanone

C. 2-propanone

D. Ethanal

Difficulty: medium

Learning Objective 1: Draw structures for ethers and name ethers.

Learning Objective 2: Draw structures for aldehydes and ketones and name aldehydes and ketones.

Reference: Sections 19.8, 19.9