Chapter 1: History and Definitions of Intimate Violence and Maltreatment

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Who negotiates the understanding of social conditions into specific social problems?

a. lawyers

b. religious leaders

c. claims makers

d. governments

2. What does it mean to operationalize a variable?

a. define the variable

b. measure the variable

c. create questions that will measure the variable as it has been defined

d. ask questions about the variable

3. What term means that victims are often exposed to multiple forms of violence and maltreatment?

a. multiple victimization

b. polyvictimization

c. revictimization

d. victimizations

4. Some policy argues for programs that simultaneously address violence against children, the elderly, and intimate partners simultaneously. What is the reasoning behind this?

a. It is cost-effective.

b. The same institutions solve these issues.

c. All forms of violence are interconnected.

d. It reduces the number of staff needed.

5. Practices such as widow burning and female genital cutting are not protected by the UN because they reject what?

a. non-western practices

b. violence

c. cultural objectivism

d. cultural relativism

6. A church organization raises funds to go to Washington, DC, and schedule meetings with legislatures to talk about sexual child abuse in the church. Which of the following is it an example of?

a. claims making

b. cultural relativism

c. moral making

d. negotiations

7. Which of the following is NOT involved in the shift of a social condition to a social problem?

a. claims makers

b. societal reactions

c. social fatigue

d. social definitions

8. If the cultural practice of boys becoming men after ingesting semen is not considered violence, then we are engaging in what?

a. cultural relativism

b. claims making

c. harm

d. intervention work

9. ________ challenge a social practice to redefine it as a social problem.

a. Laws

b. Claims makers

c. Governments

d. Lawyers

10. What practice in the United States is currently not considered abuse, but some claims makers are emerging to consider it abuse?

a. beating your child

b. beating your spouse

c. rape

d. circumcision

11. Who defines social problems for the public?

a. police

b. legislatures

c. winning claim makers

d. religious leaders

12. Up until ___________ times, children were regarded as property.

a. ancient

b. medieval

c. Victorian

d. modern

13. Infanticide is sometimes seen as a solution to ________.

a. unwanted pregnancies

b. unwanted infants

c. abusive partners

d. difficult children

14. When it comes to infanticide, who is most likely to be killed?

a. boys

b. girls

c. sick children

d. twins

15. Parents choosing to selectively abort a child with unwanted features, such a sex or disability, is called __________.

a. abortion

b. infanticide

c. feticide

d. murder

16. What previous policy in China led to a high practice of feticide?

a. ban on abortions

b. one-child policy

c. family planning policy

d. population control policy

17. Which phrase means that the state has the right and responsibility to protect those who cannot protect themselves?

a. parentis loco

b. pacem in terris

c. potest solum unum

d. parens patriae

18. Why is the house of refuge movement historically important?

a. It bettered the lives of abused children.

b. It created new anti-abuse organizations.

c. It was the government’s first attempt to intervene in child abuse.

d. It raised funds for abused children.

19. What precipitating event led to the creation of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children in 1874?

a. the abuse case of Mary Ellen

b. the death of Mary Ellen

c. a protest outside of the courts

d. the death of Mary Ellen’s parents

20. What helped to establish child abuse as a wide spread problem?

a. ground-breaking legal case

b. religious claims makers

c. diagnosis of battered child syndrome

d. the death of Mary Ellen

21. Child physical abuse is:

a. symptoms from any physical assault.

b. symptoms from intentional physical assault.

c. symptoms from emotional and physical assault.

d. symptoms from sexual assault only.

22. What event marked the medical community as claims makers?

a. doctor’s serving as expert witnesses

b. addition of CPA as a clinical diagnosis and battered children syndrome

c. medical professionals’ involvement in protests against child abuse

d. doctors’ role as mandatory reporters

23. What key claims maker caused the child protection movement to flourish?

a. medical professionals

b. lawyers

c. parents

d. religious leaders

24. In which decade was child abuse widely recognized as a social problem in the United States?

a. 1940s

b. 1950s

c. 1960s

d. 1970s

25. Recognition of sexual child abuse can be traced back to which important scholar?

a. deMause

b. Freud

c. Marx

d. Williams

26. Freud stated that neuroses in female patients were often caused by __________.

a. sexual assault

b. child abuse

c. incest

d. loss of a parent

27. What early document established the vulnerability women face against their husbands in a marital relationship?

a. the U.S. Constitution

b. the Bill of Rights

c. the Declaration of Rights at Seneca Falls

d. the UN Declaration of Rights

28. What was the first women’s shelter to gain widespread attention?

a. Chiswick Women’s Aid

b. Rainbow Retreat

c. Haven House

d. Women’s Advocates Shelter

29. In which decade did the first women’s shelters open in the United States?

a. 1960s

b. 1970s

c. 1980s

d. 1990s

30. What group was an important claims maker in establishing laws around IPV in the United States?

a. police

b. religious groups

c. feminist organizations

d. battered women support groups

31. The earliest rape laws in the United States were designed to protect ______.

a. unmarried women

b. married women

c. children

d. the property interests of men

32. Why did feminists focus on challenging male-dominated institutions?

a. They were antifamily.

b. They hated men.

c. Most perpetrators of rape are men.

d. The intuitions were re-victimizing.

33. Which of the following was NOT a rape myth activists were challenging in the 70s?

a. Victims were asking for it.

b. Women are more likely to be assaulted in their homes.

c. No means yes.

d. Rapists are a few sick men jumping out of bushes.

34. In which decade was marital rape outlawed in all 50 states?

a. 1960s

b. 1970s

c. 1980s

d. 1990s

35. What publication led to the full recognition of rape as a social problem?

a. Ms. Magazine Campus Project on Sexual Assault

b. Declaration of Sentiments at Seneca Falls

c. Teen Vogue’s Sexual Assault on Campus

d. Time magazine exposé on sexual assault

36. Mary Koss found that what percentage of women experienced rape and attempted rape?

a. 5%

b. 11%

c. 27%

d. 52%

37. Which of the following was NOT an effect of the claims makers advocated for rape on college campuses as a social problem?

a. U.S. Senate hearing

b. reduction in the prevalence of sexual assault

c. rape awareness programs

d. advice for women

38. What image was elder abuse linked to in order to garner more attention?

a. sexual abuse

b. child abuse

c. marital rape

d. IPV

39. What group is a claims maker arguing that spanking is NOT child abuse?

a. parents

b. religious group

c. UN

d. police

40. What drives definitions of deviant behavior?

a. laws

b. religion

c. claims making

d. morals

41. What percentage of Americans believe that a childless, unmarried couple makes a family?

a. 10%

b. 25%

c. 50%

d. 75%

42. What do prevention strategies aim to do?

a. prevent violence from occurring

b. prevent unjust court proceedings

c. prevent long lasting emotional trauma

d. prevent harmful responses from society after violence has occurred

43. Which of the following is an example of a prevention strategy?

a. rape crisis hotline

b. home visiting programs

c. women’s shelters

d. community awareness programs

44. Who was the first group involved in mandated reporters of child abuse?

a. social workers

b. mental health professionals

c. medical doctors

d. teachers

45. Which of the following is NOT an unintended problem with mandatory reporting?

a. making women vulnerable to retaliation

b. locking up innocent people

c. placing helping professionals in a difficult position

d. inhibiting women from seeking help

46. What is one of the most controversial issues within child protection circles?

a. deciding if children should be removed from their homes

b. creating definition of abuse

c. mandatory reporting laws

d. what ages constitute a child versus an adult

47. What does the family preservation model argue?

a. Abusers need to be removed from the home to preserve the family.

b. Children need to be removed from the home.

c. Children need to be raised in the nuclear family.

d. Children need to stay with non-abusive loved ones.

48. What factor does NOT result in reduced arrests in IPV cases?

a. police discretion

b. mandatory reporting laws

c. cultural tolerance

d. family privacy norms

49. What leads to the establishment of mandatory arrest policies?

a. mandatory reporting

b. no-drop prosecution policies

c. police discretion

d. deterrence doctrine

50. Why might in-home intervention also benefit IPV?

a. Child abuse and IPV share the same risk factors.

b. Intervention in the home has the best effect.

c. In-home intervention is more affordable.

d. People are more likely to engage in in-home intervention.

1. CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY. Which were the last forms of child abuse to attract attention?

a. neglect

b. physical abuse

c. sexual abuse

d. psychological maltreatment

2. CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY. Who do adult protective services protect?

a. battered women

b. adults with physical limitations

c. adults with mental limitations

d. adults with disabled children

3. CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY. The definition of violence does NOT include:

a. physical assault

b. sexual assault

c. emotional abuse

d. neglect

1. The authors of the text argue that most victims only experience victimization in one way.

2. Social constructionism claims that these problems do not constitute any real harm.

3. Laws against child abuse grew in tandem with the social movement against child abuse.

4. The earliest rape laws in the United States can be traced to the 17th century.

5. In 2012, the definition of rape used by the FBI was updated to more than just female victims.

6. Some researchers find that wives push/hit their husbands as often as husbands push/hit their wives.

7. The line between physical punishment of a child and physical abuse is universally agreed upon.

8. A family is only defined as a married couple with children.

9. The more professionals know about the protection system, the more likely they are to report suspected cases of abuse.

10. The cost of implementing VAWA outweighs what it saves taxpayers in medical costs and social services.

1. What are the four ways that violence tends to be interconnected? Why is this important to know when studying violence?

2. What does it mean to say that social problems are social constructions? Give an example.

3. What factors go into explaining the prevalence of rape? What makes prevalence difficult to answer? Why is this difficulty something to be concerned about?

4. Why do child neglect and psychological maltreatment receive less attention?

5. Even though some data argue that women engage in just as much violence against their partners as men, how is it argued that women experience more harm from IPV?

6. What is the difference between the 1927 definition of rape and the 2012 definition?

7. Choose one form of violence discussed in the chapter. Define it, and then talk about the difficulties in defining the concept.

8. What is the difference between violence and maltreatment?