Exam Questions Chapter 14 Urbanization And Population Growth - Practice Test Bank | Social Problems 6e by Guerrero by Anna Leon Guerrero. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 14: Urbanization and Population Growth
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. Sociologists at which of these created the field of urban sociology in the early 20th century?
a. Columbia University
b. University of Chicago
c. Atlanta University
d. Harvard University
Learning Objective: 14-1: Define demography.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Sociology and Demography
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. What is the term for the study of the size, composition, and distribution of human populations?
a. gentrification
b. human ecology
c. demography
d. urbanization
Learning Objective: 14-1: Define demography.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Sociology and Demography
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. What is the term for the study of the relationship between individuals and their physical environment?
a. gentrification
b. human ecology
c. demography
d. urbanization
Learning Objective: 14-1: Define demography.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Sociology and Demography
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. Which of these factors is essential to differentiating between types of migration?
a. the number of individuals
b. the geographical area
c. the industrial economy
d. the type of movement
Learning Objective: 14-1: Define demography.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Urban Sociology and Demography
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. Urban sociology studies ______ structures and their impact on urban settings.
a. religious
b. psychological
c. social
d. maternal
Learning Objective: 14-1: Define demography.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Sociology and Demography
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. The first studies on urbanization or urban sociology adopted a(n) ______ approach.
a. functional
b. conflict
c. interactionist
d. feminist
Learning Objective: 14-1: Define demography.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Urban Sociology and Demography
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. Which of these refers to the movement of individuals from one area to another?
a. migration
b. immigration
c. emigration
d. urbanization
Learning Objective: 14-2: Compare the processes of urbanization and suburbanization.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Sociology and Demography
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. ______ refers to the movement of individuals out of a geographic area.
a. Migration
b. Immigration
c. Emigration
d. Urbanization
Learning Objective: 14-2: Compare the processes of urbanization and suburbanization.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Sociology and Demography
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. Approximately ______ people in the United States moved between 2016 and 2017.
a. 800,000
b. 2.7 million
c. 34.9 million
d. 100 million
Learning Objective: 14-2: Compare the processes of urbanization and suburbanization.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Sociology and Demography
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. According to Schachter (2004), the majority of people that move do so for which of these reasons?
a. employment opportunities
b. housing related reasons
c. a better life
d. desire to be closer to family
Learning Objective: 14-2: Compare the processes of urbanization and suburbanization.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Urban Sociology and Demography
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. The process by which a population shifts from rural to urban settings is called which of these?
a. segregation
b. suburbanization
c. gentrification
d. urbanization
Learning Objective: 14-2: Compare the processes of urbanization and suburbanization.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Processes of Urbanization and Suburbanization
Difficulty Level: Easy
12. What is the name of the process in which an excess population is concentrated in an urban area that lacks the capacity to provide basic services and shelter?
a. overurbanization
b. suburbanization
c. gentrification
d. urbanization
Learning Objective: 14-2: Compare the processes of urbanization and suburbanization.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Processes of Urbanization and Suburbanization
Difficulty Level: Easy
13. What is the term for an area with 2,500 or more people?
a. urbanized area
b. urban population
c. metropolitan statistical area
d. suburb
Learning Objective: 14-2: Compare the processes of urbanization and suburbanization.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Processes of Urbanization and Suburbanization
Difficulty Level: Easy
14. The three largest metropolitan areas in the U.S. for 2014 were which of these?
a. Los Angeles, Houston, and New York City
b. Dallas, Philadelphia, and New York City
c. New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago
d. Chicago, New York City, and Philadelphia
Learning Objective: 14-2: Compare the processes of urbanization and suburbanization.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Processes of Urbanization and Suburbanization
Difficulty Level: Medium
15. Which of these is TRUE of millennials according to your text?
a. They are much less likely than early generations to want to live in walkable urban areas.
b. They drive more than older generations.
c. They are more likely to want affordable health care.
d. They are the first generation to embrace mobile Internet technologies.
Learning Objective: 14-3: Explain how a population is affected by its age distribution or ethnic composition.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Population Growth and Composition
Difficulty Level: Medium
16. What is the name for the grouping of people by their age range, a tool that is useful for social and economic planning?
a. age factoring
b. age distribution
c. age pyramid
d. age demography
Learning Objective: 14-3: Explain how a population is affected by its age distribution or ethnic composition.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Population Growth and Composition
Difficulty Level: Easy
17. Emile Durkheim’s concept of mechanical solidarity refers to which of these?
a. a weakening of the social bonds that unite us
b. the unity of individuals in small simple societies around a set of common values, beliefs, and customs and a simple division of labor
c. the transition from a simple to complex community
d. the unity of individuals in large complex societies through complex division of labor
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Functionalist Perspective
Difficulty Level: Medium
18. Why are functionalists critical about the shift from simple to complex societies?
a. They believe that the rich grown more powerful in the city.
b. They believe that we lose our social bonds and connections.
c. They believe that cities increase morbidity.
d. They believe that cities disadvantage women and children.
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Functionalist Perspective
Difficulty Level: Medium
19. Which theory posits that cities are built on race, class, and gender inequalities?
a. the socio-spatial perspective
b. overcrowding perspective
c. mechanical solidarity
d. organic solidarity
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Conflict and Feminist Perspectives
Difficulty Level: Medium
20. Which of these is NOT a component of residential segregation according to the conflict perspective?
a. distinctly different neighborhoods based on racial/ethnic groups within a geographic area
b. different employment opportunities within a geographic area
c. housing market discrimination
d. accidental discrimination based on haphazard planning within a geographic area
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Conflict and Feminist Perspectives
Difficulty Level: Medium
21. Which sociological perspective views city living as a state of mind?
a. interactionist
b. feminist
c. conflict
d. functionalist
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Interactionist Perspective
Difficulty Level: Medium
22. When residents of several Southern California cities were asked to draw maps of their residential areas, ______ individuals included more details and area, while ______ individuals included fewer details and area.
a. middle- and upper-income; lower-income
b. lower- income; middle- and upper-income
c. lower- and middle-income; upper-income
d. upper-income; lower- and middle-income
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Interactionist Perspective
Difficulty Level: Hard
23. These households increasingly make up the majority of inner city households.
a. male-headed
b. women-headed
c. elderly
d. teenage
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Interactionist Perspective
Difficulty Level: Medium
24. Which of these is TRUE of gentrification?
a. It is a process that occurs solely in the United States.
b. It is a process that has occurred in waves in the United States.
c. It benefits everyone in the neighborhood.
d. When housing markets are tight gentrification tends to benefit low-income individuals whose neighborhoods are gentrifying.
Learning Objective: 14-5: Analyze the pros and cons of gentrification.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Gentrification
Difficulty Level: Medium
25. What is the name of the process of neighborhood change resulting in the replacement of lower-income residents with higher-income residents?
a. urbanization
b. gentrification
c. revitalization
d. redevelopment
Learning Objective: 14-5: Analyze the pros and cons of gentrification.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Gentrification
Difficulty Level: Easy
26. Research supports that crowding in a household leads to all but which of the following conditions?
a. greater conflict among neighbors
b. increased behavioral problems in the classroom
c. greater conflict between parents and children
d. parents more critical and less responsive to their children
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Urban Living Environment
Difficulty Level: Medium
27. An often-overlooked issue defined by homes with severe or moderate structural problems is which of these?
a. gentrification
b. substandard housing
c. overcrowding
d. residential density
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Urban Living Environment
Difficulty Level: Medium
28. Why do European countries experience lower rates of homelessness compared to the United States?
a. They have no established method of measuring homelessness.
b. They have a lower population of individuals with mental illness.
c. They have more rural, sparsely populated areas.
d. They have more developed social welfare systems.
Learning Objective: 14-1: Define demography.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Homelessness
Difficulty Level: Easy
29. Homelessness has been consistently correlated with seven social factors. Which of these is NOT one of them?
a. income
b. employment
c. religious affiliation
d. health and disability
Learning Objective: 14-5: Analyze the consequences of gentrification.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Homelessness
Difficulty Level: Easy
30. Which of these factors is NOT one identified by the U.S. Conference of Mayors to assist the homeless in their cities?
a. more mainstream assisted housing
b. more or better-paying employment opportunities
c. permanent supportive housing for people with disabilities
d. more homeless shelters
Learning Objective: 14-5: Analyze the consequences of gentrification.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Homelessness
Difficulty Level: Medium
31. What is the term for the process in which the spread of development across the landscape outpaces population growth?
a. urbanization
b. gentrification
c. urban sprawl
d. revitalization
Learning Objective: 14-5: Analyze the consequences of gentrification.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Urban Sprawl
Difficulty Level: Medium
32. Which of the following is TRUE of urban sprawl?
a. It increases our access to places to jog and walk.
b. It increases our time on the road.
c. It decreases our weight.
d. It decreases our risk of asthma.
Learning Objective: 14-5: Analyze the consequences of gentrification.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Urban Sprawl
Difficulty Level: Medium
33. Which of these is a byproduct of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993?
a. It created the first enterprise zones to stimulate economic development in distressed areas.
b. It developed a national growth policy emphasizing new community and inner-city development.
c. It established community development block grants.
d. It assured that homeownership was affordable and accessible for every American family.
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
Difficulty Level: Hard
34. Which of these is NOT true of the Housing Act of 1949 according to your text?
a. It declared that all Americans have the right to become homeowners.
b. Its goal was to create well-planned and integrated residential neighborhoods.
c. It did not improve housing conditions for nonminority households.
d. It did not improve housing conditions for rural households.
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
Difficulty Level: Hard
35. Which of these is TRUE of the Neighborhood Revitalization Initiative?
a. It was issued by the George W. Bush administration.
b. It was solely issued by the Department of Housing and Urban Development.
c. It was meant to be a local, data-driven, interdisciplinary effort.
d. It failed to expand beyond the District of Columbia.
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Urban Revitalization Programs
Difficulty Level: Hard
36. Your textbook identifies a number of names for sustainable communities. Which of these is NOT one of them?
a. health food communities
b. livable communities
c. whole communities
d. smart growth
Learning Objective: 14-6: Describe urban community movements.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Creating Sustainable Communities
Difficulty Level: Medium
37. Tyler Norris (2001) chronicled the emergence and importance of the sustainable community movement in the United States. According to Norris, the best sustainable communities bring together which of these?
a. private and public groups
b. educators and economists
c. traditional leaders and community members not often included in the decision-making process
d. community revitalization and transitional social welfare programs
Learning Objective: 14-6: Describe urban community movements.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Creating Sustainable Communities
Difficulty Level: Medium
38. Which of these programs works primarily on social and educational change in the areas of labor, civil rights, and Appalachian issues?
a. Stewart B. McKinney Community
b. The Chicago School
c. Highlander Research and Education Center
d. The McKenzie Rand Project
Learning Objective: 14-6: Describe urban community movements.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Creating Sustainable Communities
Difficulty Level: Medium
39. Which of the following does not describe a best practice for sustainable communities?
a. inclusion
b. diversity
c. accountability
d. hierarchy
Learning Objective: 14-6: Describe urban community movements.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Creating Sustainable Communities
Difficulty Level: Medium
True/False
1. Urban sociology examines the social, political, and economic structures and their impact within an urban setting.
Learning Objective: 14-1: Define Demography.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Sociology and Demography
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. Domestic migration plays a small role in the population redistribution in the United States.
Learning Objective: 14-2: Compare the processes of urbanization and suburbanization.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Sociology and Demography
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. The process by which a population shifts from rural to urban locations is called migration.
Learning Objective: 14-2: Compare the processes of urbanization and suburbanization.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Sociology and Demography
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. A densely populated area with 50,000 or more people is called an urban population.
Learning Objective: 14-2: Compare the processes of urbanization and suburbanization.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Urban Sociology and Demography
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. Your author argues that while many factors contributed to significant suburbanization following World War II, the key factors were government leaders and their policies.
Learning Objective: 14-2: Compare the processes of urbanization and suburbanization.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Process of Urbanization and Suburbanization
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. Emile Durkheim believed that people in large urban areas would experience mechanical solidarity.
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Functionalist Perspective
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. Critical political-economy and socio-spatial refer to the same perspective on urban study.
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Conflict and Feminist Perspectives
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. Though women play a pivotal role in urban life, theories about urbanization have taken a gender-blind approach.
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Conflict and Feminist Perspectives
Difficulty Level: Medium
9. Researchers have suggested that the poor economic outcomes of racial minorities are partly because of patterns of housing prejudice and discrimination that have prevented minority groups from moving at the same pace as the suburbanization of employment.
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Consequences of Urbanization
10. The criterion for “crowding” is more than four persons per room per household.
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Urban Living Environment
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. Housing quality is associated with morbidity.
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Urban Living Environment
Difficulty Level: Medium
12. Interior residential density refers to the number of individuals per room in a dwelling.
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Urban Living Environment
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. Homelessness is measured by the U.S. Census Bureau.
Learning Objective: 14-5: Analyze the consequences of gentrification.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Homelessness
Difficulty Level: Medium
14. Gentrification puts pressure on the poor, elderly, and minorities.
Learning Objective: 14-5: Analyze the pros and cons of gentrification.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Gentrification
Difficulty Level: Easy
15. The Fair Housing Act of 1968 is critiqued because it failed to have as its goal affordable and accessible home ownership for minority families and the poor.
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
Difficulty Level: Hard
16. The HOPE VI program was created to revitalize public housing.
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Urban Revitalization Projects
Difficulty Level: Medium
17. Homelessness cannot be prevented without adequate permanent housing for the poor.
Learning Objective: 14-6: Describe the sustainable community movement.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Housing and Homeless Programs
Difficulty Level: Medium
18. Project Homeless Connect attempts to reach out to homeless people by delivering an array of services all under one roof.
Learning Objective: 14-6: Describe the sustainable community movement.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Housing and Homeless Programs
Difficulty Level: Medium
Essay
1. Identify the three primary explanations for the persistence of racial and ethnic segregation. What are the consequences of this segregation?
Learning Objective: 14-4: Summarize how the sociological perspectives explain urbanization and its related social problems.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Conflict and Feminist Perspectives
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. Define gentrification and discuss the pros and cons associated with it.
Learning Objective: 14-5: Analyze the consequences of gentrification.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Gentrification
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. Explain the scope of homelessness as a social problem in the United States. What steps need to be taken to address this problem?
Although supportive services are necessary for the homeless, homelessness cannot be prevented or eliminated without enough housing for the poor. According to the text, homelessness cannot be prevented or eliminated without a livable wage, employment opportunities for inner-city residents, more efficient management of public housing projects, emergency rent assistance programs, and the expansion of low-income housing subsidies
Learning Objective: 14-6: Describe urban community movements.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension and Analysis
Answer Location: Housing and Homeless Programs and Homelessness
Difficulty Level: Medium
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Practice Test Bank | Social Problems 6e by Guerrero
By Anna Leon Guerrero