Chapter 12: Politics and the Economy

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. What is the term for the competition associated with groups operating through established government channels?

A. democracy

B. politics

C. political science

D. the conflict hypothesis

Learning Objective: 12.1: Contrast democracy and dictatorship.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Politics: Democracy or Dictatorship

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Which of these is a political system in which people vote for their leaders and for legislation?

A. capitalism

B. dictatorship

C. republic

D. democracy

Learning Objective: 12.1: Contrast democracy and dictatorship.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Democracy: Citizenship as a Radical Idea

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. What type of rule is characterized by the consent of the people translated through elected officials?

A. national democracy

B. representative democracy

C. direct democracy

D. representative republic

Learning Objective: 12.1: Contrast democracy and dictatorship.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Democracy: Citizenship as a Radical Idea

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. The national government in the United State is an example of which type of democracy?

A. representative

B. symbolic

C. emblematic

D. direct

Learning Objective: 12.1: Contrast democracy and dictatorship.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Democracy: Citizenship as a Radical Idea

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Democracies are typically organized into ______ with clear hierarchies and written laws.

A. constitutional systems

B. nation-states

C. bureaucracies

D. census tracts

Learning Objective: 12.1: Contrast democracy and dictatorship.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Characteristics of Democracies

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Which of these is a criticism of democracies?

A. Voters are typically uninformed about political issues.

B. Liberal democracies don't extend enough rights.

C. Little diversity of thought exists.

D. Laws tend to be repressive.

Learning Objective: 12.1: Contrast democracy and dictatorship.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Characteristics of Democracies

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Madison has the right to vote for representatives and has responsibilities such as paying taxes, both of which come with being a(n) ______ in the United States.

A. veteran

B. immigrant

C. citizen

D. democrat

Learning Objective: 12.1: Contrast democracy and dictatorship.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Characteristics of Democracies

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. According to Freedom House, which of the following regions had the lowest political rights and civil liberties ranking in 2018?

A. Europe

B. China

C. Middle East/North Africa

D. South Africa

Learning Objective: 12.1: Contrast democracy and dictatorship.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Characteristics of Democracies

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Former U.S. secretary of state Madeleine Albright offered a checklist of behaviors that should alert us to the rise of fascism. Which of the following is included in her checklist?

A. encouraging patriotism

B. worrying about the independent press’s portrayal of government officials

C. speaking casually about the use of violence against enemies

D. condemning bipartisanship

Learning Objective: 12.1: Contrast democracy and dictatorship.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Rise of Illiberal Democracy, or Is It Fascism?

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Which states are usually totalitarian and ruled either by a single individual or by a small group of people?

A. monarchies

B. dictatorships

C. democracies

D. oligarchies

Learning Objective: 12.1: Contrast democracy and dictatorship.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Dictatorship: The Seizure of Power

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. The dictatorships discussed in your text all had a(n) ______ in which political life and the public sphere centered around men.

A. organizational structure

B. patriarchal structure

C. cult of masculinity

D. center of masculinity

Learning Objective: 12.1: Contrast democracy and dictatorship.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Dictatorship: The Seizure of Power

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Structural-functionalism answers the question “Who rules the United States?” with which of these?

A. the wealthy

B. a plurality of groups

C. elected representatives

D. the president

Learning Objective: 12.2: Outline who rules the United States using the perspectives of structural/functional and conflict/critical theories.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Structural/Functional Perspective: Pluralism

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. One strand of structural-functionalism focuses on ______, in which society has many different players who compete for access to political power.

A. group pluralism

B. power elites

C. citizens

D. elite pluralism

Learning Objective: 12.2: Outline who rules the United States using the perspectives of structural/functional and conflict/critical theories.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Structural/Functional Perspective: Pluralism

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. Elite pluralists take which of these positions?

A. Voters make the final decisions as far as who represents them.

B. Political elites are not a diverse social body.

C. There is no diversity of interests among the various political groups.

D. The competition for votes ensures that no one group retains political power indefinitely.

Learning Objective: 12.2: Outline who rules the United States using the perspectives of structural/functional and conflict/critical theories.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Structural/Functional Perspective: Pluralism

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Which sociologist is associated with the power elite theory?

A. Karl Marx

B. C. Wright Mills

C. William Julius Wilson

D. Max Weber

Learning Objective: 12.2: Outline who rules the United States using the perspectives of structural/functional and conflict/critical theories.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Conflict/Critical Perspective: The Power Elite

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. Which of these is true according to the power elite theory?

A. Power is concentrated in a small number of people who control the major institutions of the state.

B. Power is dispersed throughout a stable society.

C. Power is concentrated in the hands of the people rather than the elite.

D. Power is concentrated in the hands of those in government.

Learning Objective: 12.2: Outline who rules the United States using the perspectives of structural/functional and conflict/critical theories.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Conflict/Critical Perspective: The Power Elite

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. Which organization was created after World War I to lead global efforts at peace?

A. World Congress

B. United Nations

C. Peace Corps

D. League of Nations

Learning Objective: 12.3: Explain how global politics affect war and terrorism, geopolitics, and the nation-state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Global Politics

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. Political relationships that involve geographic areas, including the globe, are referred to as which of these?

A. self-interest politics

B. urbanized politics

C. geopolitics

D. egotism politics

Learning Objective: 12.3: Explain how global politics affect war and terrorism, geopolitics, and the nation-state.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Geopolitics

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. People who share similar cultural, religious, ethnic, and linguistic characteristics over long periods of time are categorized as which of these?

A. an imagined community

B. a nation-state

C. a state

D. a nation

Learning Objective: 12.3: Explain how global politics affect war and terrorism, geopolitics, and the nation-state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Nation and the Nation-State

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. Jews, Syrians, and Iraqis have all been dispersed across the globe. Their dispersals are known as which of these?

A. imagined communities

B. nation-states

C. diasporas

D. nations

Learning Objective: 12.3: Explain how global politics affect war and terrorism, geopolitics, and the nation-state.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Nation and the Nation-State

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. Jews, Syrians, and Iraqis have all been dispersed across the globe but retain a collective memory of their homeland and desire to return to it that they transmit to their children. Many, however, have no contact with their homeland. Their identifications with their homelands that they now have no part of are examples of which of the following?

A. imagined communities

B. nation-states

C. diasporas

D. nations

Learning Objective: 12.3: Explain how global politics affect war and terrorism, geopolitics, and the nation-state.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Nation and the Nation-State

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. Syria has lost control over much of its territory. However, it is still a geographical area that encompasses people with shared identities and culture with a government. Syria would be considered which of these?

A. an imagined community

B. a nation-state

C. a diaspora

D. a nation

Learning Objective: 12.3: Explain how global politics affect war and terrorism, geopolitics, and the nation-state.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Nation and the Nation-State

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. Which of these is a characteristic of a failed state?

A. too much control over its own territory

B. large flows of refugees

C. lack of inflation

D. providing only basic services

Learning Objective: 12.3: Explain how global politics affect war and terrorism, geopolitics, and the nation-state.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Nation and the Nation-State

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. Which of these is the social system involved in the production and distribution of goods?

A. the government

B. the political system

C. the economy

D. the manufacturing sector

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The U.S. Economy: From Industrial to Postindustrial

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. The key development in the emergence of the modern economy was which of these?

A. the Industrial Revolution

B. the agricultural revolution

C. the postindustrial revolution

D. the progressive revolution

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Industrial Revolution

Difficulty Level: Easy

26. Automobile factories and manufacturing plants are examples of which type of industries?

A. bureaucratic

B. bulk-production

C. mass production

D. structural

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Industrial Revolution

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. Fordism dominated much of the ______ U.S. automobile industry.

A. 18th-century

B. 19th-century

C. 20th-century

D. 21st-century

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: From Fordism to Post-Fordism

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. Compared to Fordism, post-Fordism is associated with which of these?

A. smaller production runs

B. larger production runs

C. more generic products

D. more reliance on economies of scale

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: From Fordism to Post-Fordism

Difficulty Level: Medium

29. A characteristic of a communistic system is which of these?

A. the collective ownership of the means of production

B. the private ownership of the means of production

C. the maximization of profit

D. the division of social classes

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Socialism and Communism

Difficulty Level: Medium

30. Which country continues to see itself as a communist society today?

A. China

B. the United States

C. Russia

D. Denmark

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Socialism and Communism

Difficulty Level: Easy

31. Which of these seeks to operate economic markets efficiently but equitably?

A. a socialist state

B. a communist state

C. a welfare state

D. a capitalist state

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Welfare States

Difficulty Level: Easy

32. What is the term for market domination by a few companies?

A. competitive capitalism

B. monopoly capitalism

C. transnational capitalism

D. welfare capitalism

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Capitalism

Difficulty Level: Easy

33. In recent years, which of these has been a global trend in capitalism?

A. competitive capitalism

B. monopoly capitalism

C. transnational capitalism

D. welfare capitalism

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Capitalism

Difficulty Level: Medium

34. Larry puts together a bookshelf he has purchased on Amazon. Which of these describes Larry?

A. a gig worker

B. a capitalist

C. a prosumer

D. a discouraged worker

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Capitalism

Difficulty Level: Medium

35. Deindustrialization involves which of these?

A. the decline of manufacturing and the increase of service industries

B. the decline of technology and the increase of manufacturing

C. the increase of manufacturing and the decrease of service industries

D. the increase of technology and the decrease of service industries

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Deindustrialization in the United States

Difficulty Level: Medium

36. Deindustrialization is caused by which of these?

A. blue-collar workers

B. new technology

C. a decrease in consumption

D. globalization

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Deindustrialization in the United States

Difficulty Level: Medium

37. What percentage of the U.S. labor force is unionized?

A. 1

B. 5

C. 10

D. 30

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Decline of American Labor Unions

Difficulty Level: Easy

38. When did U.S. labor unions begin to decline?

A. the 1920s

B. the 1940s

C. the 1960s

D. the 1980s

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Decline of American Labor Unions

Difficulty Level: Easy

39. Why did U.S. labor unions begin to decline?

A. Workers were able to get good benefits without them.

B. Many unionized jobs were automated and thus workers were no longer in those jobs to form unions.

C. the loss of white-collar jobs

D. corruption in unions

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Decline of American Labor Unions

Difficulty Level: Medium

40. Which of these is a society in which a focus on the manufacture of goods has been replaced with an increase in service work?

A. a postindustrial society

B. an industrial society

C. an agrarian society

D. a postcapitalist society

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Postindustrial society

Difficulty Level: Easy

41. Renita lost her job at a corporation due to downsizing. She has a degree in electrical engineering, but she cannot find a job in her profession. What term best describes Renita’s job status?

A. unemployed

B. underemployed

C. discouraged worker

D. seasonal worker

Learning Objective: 12.5: Discuss how work, consumption, and leisure shape our understanding of the economy.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Employment, Unemployment, and Underemployment

Difficulty Level: Medium

42. Renita lost her job at a corporation due to downsizing. She has a degree in electrical engineering, but she cannot find a job in her profession and thus she must work part time at a sandwich shop. What term best describes Renita’s job status?

A. unemployed

B. underemployed

C. discouraged worker

D. seasonal worker

Learning Objective: 12.5: Discuss how work, consumption, and leisure shape our understanding of the economy.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Employment, Unemployment, and Underemployment

Difficulty Level: Medium

43. Which of these refers to a large group of people who are marginally attached to the workforce?

A. overemployed workers

B. frustrated workers

C. demoralized workers

D. discouraged workers

Learning Objective: 12.5: Discuss how work, consumption, and leisure shape our understanding of the economy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Employment, Unemployment, and Underemployment

Difficulty Level: Medium

44. Places like shopping malls, theme parks, and Amazon.com can be considered which of these?

A. Fordist spaces

B. cathedrals of consumption

C. postconsumer spaces

D. hyperconsumption spaces

Learning Objective: 12.5: Discuss how work, consumption, and leisure shape our understanding of the economy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Consumption and the Postmodern Society

Difficulty Level: Medium

45. Gianna’s credit card debt is $25,000, and she can barely make the mortgage on her seven-bedroom estate. What does Gianna’s situation exemplify?

A. hypoconsumerism

B. hyperdebt

C. hyperconsumerism

D. the credit–debt society

Learning Objective: 12.5: Discuss how work, consumption, and leisure shape our understanding of the economy.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Consumption and the Postmodern Society

Difficulty Level: Medium

46. Leisure-time activities are more likely to be found among which social class?

A. the underclass

B. the lower class

C. the working class

D. the upper class

Learning Objective: 12.5: Discuss how work, consumption, and leisure shape our understanding of the economy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Leisure

Difficulty Level: Medium

47. Globalization as it relates to money and finance is called which of these?

A. macrofinance

B. microfinance

C. mesofinance

D. exofinance

Learning Objective: 12.6: Describe the effects of globalization on the world economy.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Globalization and the Economy

Difficulty Level: Easy

48. Which of these factors worsened the international financial situation during the euro crisis?

A. the difficulty in importing food and consumer goods

B. the difficulty in borrowing money to keep economies functioning

C. the difficulty of traveling past international borders

D. the increase in war around the globe

Learning Objective: 12.6: Describe the effects of globalization on the world economy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Globalization and the Economy

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. In modern democracies, people vote to choose their legislators rather than managing their own political affairs and directly making decisions about the things that affect their lives.

Learning Objective: 12.1: Contrast democracy and dictatorship.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Democracy: Citizenship as a Radical Idea

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Most democratic states do not guarantee citizens the right to freely express dissent, freedom of the press, or the right to due process and equality before the law.

Learning Objective: 12.1: Contrast democracy and dictatorship.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Democracy: Citizenship as a Radical Idea

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Donald Trump has exhibited characteristics of a move toward fascism by breaking political norms, delegitimizing other political candidates, encouraging violence, and limiting opponents’ civil liberties.

Learning Objective: 12.1: Contrast democracy and dictatorship.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Rise of Illiberal Democracy, or is it Fascism?

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. The United States has sponsored dictatorships in other countries.

Learning Objective: 12.1: Contrast democracy and dictatorship.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Dictatorship: The Seizure of Power

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Jenny identifies as a group pluralist. As such, she believes that there tends to be a consensus of values in society.

Learning Objective: 12.2: Outline who rules the United States using the perspectives of structural/functional and conflict/critical theories.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Structural/Functional Perspective: Pluralism

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. The power elite theory’s assertion that society is stable is problematic.

Learning Objective: 12.2: Outline who rules the United States using the perspectives of structural/functional and conflict/critical theories.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Conflict/Critical Perspective: The Power Elite

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. The United Nations and organizations within it have led to the end of interstate wars.

Learning Objective: 12.3: Explain how global politics affect war and terrorism, geopolitics, and the nation-state.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Global Politics

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. After World War II, geopolitics focused on the relationship between the United States and China.

Learning Objective: 12.3: Explain how global politics affect war and terrorism, geopolitics, and the nation-state.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Geopolitics

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Jews can be defined as a nation.

Learning Objective: 12.3: Explain how global politics affect war and terrorism, geopolitics, and the nation-state.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Nation and the Nation-State

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Vietnamese children who have never been to Vietnam but who see themselves as part of an international group rooted in Vietnam are considered a diaspora.

Learning Objective: 12.3: Explain how global politics affect war and terrorism, geopolitics, and the nation-state.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Nation and the Nation-State

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. In the past 10 years, the economy in the United States has moved from postindustrial production to manufacturing.

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The U.S. Economy: From Industrial to Postindustrial

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Automobile factories are examples of mass production.

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Industrial Revolution

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Fordism began in the 1970s.

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: From Fordism to Post-Fordism

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Post-Fordism is associated with greater production and less skilled workers than is Fordism.

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: From Fordism to Post-Fordism

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Communism is an economic system that is based primarily on the private ownership of the means of production.

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Socialism and Communism

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. The goal of welfare states is to provide for the well-being of its citizens through programs such as national health plans and old age plans.

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Welfare States

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. Capitalism today can be characterized as producer capitalism.

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Capitalism

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. When the auto industry was controlled by Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler this was known as competitive capitalism.

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Capitalism

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. Facebook exemplifies the model of prosumer capitalism.

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Capitalism

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. The decline of manufacturing plants and the rise of service jobs is referred to as outsourcing.

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Deindustrialization in the United States

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. Deindustrialization can be linked to all four of these factors: aging technology, globalization, the rise of the consumer society, and the rise of the service industry.

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Factors in Deindustrialization

Difficulty Level: Hard

22. About 50% of American workers currently belong to labor unions.

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Decline of American Labor Unions

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. A majority of the people who belong to labor unions are employed by the government.

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Decline of American Labor Unions

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. A postindustrial society is one where the focus is on service work rather than manufacturing of goods.

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Postindustrial Society

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. Teaching is considered service work.

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Answer Location: The Postindustrial Society

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Difficulty Level: Medium

26. The unemployment rate in the United States typically is about 10%.

Learning Objective: 12.5: Discuss how work, consumption, and leisure shape our understanding of the economy.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Employment, Unemployment, and Underemployment

Difficulty Level: Medium

27. A mall is an example of a cathedral of consumption.

Learning Objective: 12.5: Discuss how work, consumption, and leisure shape our understanding of the economy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Consumption and the Postmodern Society

Difficulty Level: Medium

28. Lindsay borrows much more than she can likely repay. This is an example of hyperdebt.

Learning Objective: 12.5: Discuss how work, consumption, and leisure shape our understanding of the economy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Consumption and the Postmodern Society

Difficulty Level: Medium

29. Leisure is unaffected by social class.

Learning Objective: 12.5: Discuss how work, consumption, and leisure shape our understanding of the economy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Leisure

Difficulty Level: Medium

30. Banking practices tied to the U.S. housing market and such financial instruments set off a chain reaction that devastated international economic flows and triggered a global recession.

Learning Objective: 12.6: Describe the effects of globalization on the world economy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Globalization and the Economy

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. Define the term democracy and discuss the differences between a representative and direct democracy. Include in your discussion the terms citizens and citizenship.

Learning Objective: 12.1: Contrast democracy and dictatorship.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Democracy: Citizenship as a Radical Idea

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. According to the structural-functional and conflict perspectives, who rules the United States? Include the power elite theory and elite pluralism in your response. Include one criticism of each perspective.

Learning Objective: 12.2: Outline who rules the United States using the perspectives of structural/functional and conflict/critical theories.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Who Rules the United States?

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. Define the term deindustrialization and discuss two factors that are responsible for deindustrialization in the United States.

Learning Objective: 12.4: Describe the U.S. economy’s transition from industrial to postindustrial society.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Deindustrialization in the United States

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Define and give examples of the terms unemployment, underemployment, and discouraged workers.

Learning Objective: 12.5: Discuss how work, consumption, and leisure shape our understanding of the economy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension | Analysis

Answer Location: Employment, Unemployment, and Underemployment

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Discuss the characteristics of a postmodern society. Include in your response what is meant by the terms consumerism, hyperconsumption, and hyperdebt and provide examples of each.

Learning Objective: 12.5: Discuss how work, consumption, and leisure shape our understanding of the economy.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Consumption and the Postmodern Society

Difficulty Level: Medium