Chapter 10: Interpersonal Relationships

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Having frequent, affectively positive interactions with a small number of other people helps satisfy what psychological need?

A. achievement needs

B. creativity needs

C. need to identify

D. need to belong

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Roles Do Sex and Gender Play in Social Networks and Friendships?

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. What relationship does the size of one’s social network share with one’s health?

A. Having a larger social network predicts better mental health but not physical health.

B. Larger social networks are associated with increased anxiety.

C. People with larger social networks live longer on average.

D. The association between social networks and longevity does not exist after controlling for health behaviors.

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Social Networks and Friendships

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Which of the following represents a sex difference in social networks?

A. Women spend more time with their social networks than men.

B. Men view their networks as more emotionally available to them than women.

C. By adolescence, sex differences in network size start to appear.

D. Men offer more responsive and attentive support to network members than women.

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Social Networks and Friendships

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. In which of the following ways does the social network composition differ by race and ethnicity?

A. White people have larger social networks than people of color.

B. Extended family plays a larger role in the social networks of Latinx Americans than White Americans.

C. The social networks of people of color contain more nonrelative friends than the networks of White people.

D. The social networks of White Americans provide more social support than the networks of people of color.

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Social Networks and Friendships

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Women’s same-sex friendships involve higher levels of ______, while men’s same-sex friendships tend to involve higher levels of ______.

A. social support; shared activities

B. shared activities; social support

C. shared emotions; personal disclosure

D. discussions of nonpersonal topics; shared activities

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Friendship Intimacy

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. ______ and ______ have been shown to explain some of the sex differences in friendship intimacy (e.g., same-sex closeness) for men.

A. Emotional restraint; homophobia

B. Masculinity threats; sex hormones

C. Perceived weakness; cognitive dissonance

D. Pluralistic ignorance; self-fulfilling prophecies

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Friendship Intimacy

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. The ______ perspective argues that men’s and women’s friendships both allow for intimacy, but via different social dynamics.

A. sociomasculine

B. evolutionary

C. precarious manhood

D. homosocial

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Friendship Intimacy

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. According to the homosocial perspective, which of the following would be more typical of same-sex friendships among women than among men?

A. participation in competitive activities

B. hierarchically organized friend groups

C. large groups of friends participating in shared activities

D. small friend groups with high levels of self-disclosure

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Friendship Intimacy

Difficulty Level: Hard

9. Gilchrist-Petty and Bennett (2019) found that which people tend to hold the most negative attitudes about cross-sex best friendships?

A. single people

B. fathers of daughters

C. married people

D. engaged people

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Cross-Sex Friendships

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Straight women rate dating advice from which group as the most trustworthy?

A. straight women

B. lesbian women

C. gay men

D. straight men

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Cross-Sex Friendships

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. Research shows that approximately what percentage of college students reported at least one friends-with-benefits arrangement in the past year?

A. less than 10%

B. 25%

C. 50%

D. over 75%

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Hookups and Friends With Benefits

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Sexual minorities often develop chosen families, which are ______.

A. friendships that are more likely to result in sexual intimacy

B. friend circles who understand the unique challenges of being LGBTQ+

C. groups of friends who provide more social expertise than biological families

D. social groups that have more social influence than biological families

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: LGBTQ+ Friendships

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Lisa Diamond’s research reveals that sexual minority women are especially likely to form what kind of friendships with one another?

A. exchange friendships

B. passionate friendships

C. protective friendships

D. competitive friendships

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: LGBTQ+ Friendships

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. When selecting mates, women report ______ as more important than men do, while men report ______ as more important than women do.

A. intelligence; sense of humor

B. ambition; good looks

C. financial stability; emotional stability

D. social ability; education

Learning Objective: 10.2: Evaluate major theoretical perspectives on sex similarities and differences in mate preferences and mate choices.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Mate Preferences: Similarities and Differences

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. In which of the following contexts do sex differences in preferring physically attractive mates not emerge?

A. in collectivist cultures

B. in Western cultures

C. when considering long-term relationships

D. when considering short-term relationships

Learning Objective: 10.2: Evaluate major theoretical perspectives on sex similarities and differences in mate preferences and mate choices.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Mate Preferences: Similarities and Differences

Difficulty Level: Hard

16. Recent research shows that both Black women and Black men report desiring which of the following qualities in an ideal marriage partner?

A. physical attractiveness

B. emotional stability

C. financial stability

D. housekeeping abilities

Learning Objective: 10.2: Evaluate major theoretical perspectives on sex similarities and differences in mate preferences and mate choices.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Mate Preferences: Similarities and Differences

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. The ______ perspective view sex differences in mate preferences are the product of social roles and labor divisions.

A. evolutionary

B. sociocultural

C. homosocial

D. biobehavioral

Learning Objective: 10.2: Evaluate major theoretical perspectives on sex similarities and differences in mate preferences and mate choices.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Mate Preferences: Similarities and Differences

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. Cross-cultural universality of sex differences in mate preferences supports which theoretical approach?

A. evolutionary

B. sociocultural

C. homosocial

D. biobehavioral

Learning Objective: 10.2: Evaluate major theoretical perspectives on sex similarities and differences in mate preferences and mate choices.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Mate Preferences: Similarities and Differences

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. What did Eastwick and colleagues (2014) meta-analysis of mate preferences reveal about men and women’s preferences for physical attractiveness?

A. Ratings of partners’ physical attractiveness predict romantic interest more strongly for men than women.

B. Ratings of partners’ physical attractiveness did not strongly predict romantic interest for men nor women.

C. Ratings of partners’ physical attractiveness predict romantic interest more strongly for women than men.

D. Ratings of partners’ physical attractiveness predict romantic interest moderately strongly for both women and men.

Learning Objective: 10.2: Evaluate major theoretical perspectives on sex similarities and differences in mate preferences and mate choices.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Mate Selection: Whom Do We Choose?

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. Partner homogamy refers to the strong, cross-cultural tendency for people to bond and mate with people who ______.

A. balance out their own personality traits

B. are similar to them on a wide number of variables

C. provide honest feedback

D. have access to more resources than themselves

Learning Objective: 10.2: Evaluate major theoretical perspectives on sex similarities and differences in mate preferences and mate choices.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Mate Selection: Whom Do We Choose?

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. Stereotyped, cognitive representations of the sequence of events and behaviors that occur during dates are called ______.

A. dating schemas

B. paternalistic chivalry

C. dating scripts

D. dating attitudes

Learning Objective: 10.3: Explain the roles of gender and gender norms in dating relationships and romance.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Dating Relationships

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. Andre (man) and Tasha (woman) are both in their early 20s and on their first date. Which of the following behaviors would be inconsistent with typical dating scripts for young women and men?

A. Andre selects the restaurant for the date.

B. Andre picks Tasha up from her house.

C. Tasha initiates sexual contact.

D. Tasha lets Andre pay for their movie tickets.

Learning Objective: 10.3: Explain the roles of gender and gender norms in dating relationships and romance.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Dating Relationships

Difficulty Level: Hard

23. Paternalistic chivalry reflects what kind of attitudes?

A. blatantly oppressive attitudes

B. explicitly sexist

C. hostilely sexist

D. benevolently sexist

Learning Objective: 10.3: Explain the roles of gender and gender norms in dating relationships and romance.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Dating Relationships

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. Which of the following is TRUE of sex differences in love and romance?

A. Evidence is mixed and likely indicative of greater similarity and difference between men and women.

B. Men rate themselves higher than women on traits related to emotional investment.

C. Women consistently report falling in love more than men.

D. College-age women and men prefer different types of “love acts.”

Learning Objective: 10.3: Explain the roles of gender and gender norms in dating relationships and romance.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Dating Relationships

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. Throughout human history, marriage has rarely been about ______.

A. expanding family networks

B. romantic desires

C. sharing resources

D. increasing the family labor source

Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe diverse marital arrangements across sociohistorical contexts, races and ethnicities, cultures, and sexual orientations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: A Brief Social History of Marriage

Difficulty Level: Easy

26. As late as 18th-century British colonial America, a woman became a feme covert when married, meaning what?

A. She gained considerable social status.

B. She was allowed to participate in certain social activities such as voting and religious ceremonies.

C. She transferred much of her identity to that of her husband, losing much of her legal standing in the process.

D. She underwent mild surgical procedures to emphasize a feminine appearance.

Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe diverse marital arrangements across sociohistorical contexts, races and ethnicities, cultures, and sexual orientations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: A Brief Social History of Marriage

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. Women’s status improved within marriages over time largely as a result of ______.

A. industrialization

B. World War II

C. feminist movements

D. the Renaissance

Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe diverse marital arrangements across sociohistorical contexts, races and ethnicities, cultures, and sexual orientations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: A Brief Social History of Marriage

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. Families in the United States have changed in which of the following ways since the 1960s?

A. The percentage of adults age 25 or older who have never been married has decreased from 20% to 10%

B. Women are having fewer children and having them at older ages.

C. Rates of cohabitation and remarriage have decreased.

D. Women are less likely to have children outside of marriage.

Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe diverse marital arrangements across sociohistorical contexts, races and ethnicities, cultures, and sexual orientations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Changing American Family

Difficulty Level: Easy

29. Which of the following describes the trajectory of the percentage of children in the United States who live in a family with two married parents in their first marriage?

A. The percentage has decreased from around 75% to 50%.

B. The percentages stayed relatively flat since 1960.

C. The percentage has risen from around 50% to 75%.

D. The majority of children today live in households with at least one divorced parent.

Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe diverse marital arrangements across sociohistorical contexts, races and ethnicities, cultures, and sexual orientations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Changing American Family

Difficulty Level: Easy

30. Today in the United States, married women on average have more ______ than their husbands.

A. money

B. time spent working outside the home

C. education

D. job opportunities

Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe diverse marital arrangements across sociohistorical contexts, races and ethnicities, cultures, and sexual orientations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Changing American Family

Difficulty Level: Easy

31. Most marriages throughout human history have been ______.

A. romantically motivated

B. arranged by third parties

C. chosen by the man

D. autonomous

Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe diverse marital arrangements across sociohistorical contexts, races and ethnicities, cultures, and sexual orientations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Arranged Versus Autonomous Marriages

Difficulty Level: Easy

32. Eighty-two percent of recorded human societies throughout history have permitted ______ type of marriage.

A. polygyny

B. polyandry

C. monogamous marriages only

D. polyamory

Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe diverse marital arrangements across sociohistorical contexts, races and ethnicities, cultures, and sexual orientations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Polygyny and Polyandry

Difficulty Level: Easy

33. In what type of relationship arrangement do all partners agree that is acceptable to pursue sexual and/or romantic relationships with more than one other partner?

A. polygyny

B. polyandry

C. monogamy

D. polyamory

Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe diverse marital arrangements across sociohistorical contexts, races and ethnicities, cultures, and sexual orientations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Consensual Nonmonogamy and Polyamory

Difficulty Level: Easy

34. Which of the following is TRUE of labor divisions in relationships in Western cultures?

A. Hierarchy in labor divisions predicts higher relationship satisfaction.

B. Members of heterosexual couples typically divide labor based on who holds more monetary power.

C. Perceived fairness in labor divisions is more important than actual equality.

D. Objective equality is more influential than perceived fairness in labor divisions

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Dividing Labor and Childcare

Difficulty Level: Medium

35. Which of the following is inconsistent with typical divisions of labor in relationships in the West?

A. Couples who share domestic labor equally report the highest relationship satisfaction.

B. Childless married heterosexual couples have the most egalitarian labor divisions.

C. Wives log more hours into housework and childcare than husbands in many heterosexual couples, even when they hold jobs.

D. Working-class couples tend to have more gender-traditional divisions of labor in the home.

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Dividing Labor and Childcare

Difficulty Level: Medium

36. When asked to describe the typical ways that people of their own sex show love, men are more likely than women to mention acts such as ______.

A. displaying affection in public

B. buying gifts

C. performing sex acts

D. listening to their partner’s problems

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Showing Love

Difficulty Level: Easy

37. For wives, but not husbands, those who report greater love for their partners show ______.

A. less criticizing

B. more time spent on joint activities

C. increased likelihood to initiate sex

D. more gift-giving

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Showing Love

Difficulty Level: Medium

38. On average, men tend to react with more jealousy to a partner’s ______, while women experience more jealousy in response to ______.

A. sexual infidelity; emotional infidelity

B. emotional infidelity; sexual infidelity

C. cheating with friends; cheating with strangers

D. cheating with strangers; cheating with friends

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Jealousy

Difficulty Level: Medium

39. What adaptive behavior does jealousy in relationships motivate?

A. increasing trust between partners

B. fending off rivals

C. decreasing emotional conflict

D. publicly displaying earning potential

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Jealousy

Difficulty Level: Hard

40. Evolutionary theorists argue that the triggers of jealousy in men trace back to the problem of ______.

A. securing a committed mate

B. parental investment

C. limited opportunities to pass on offspring

D. paternity uncertainty

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Jealousy

Difficulty Level: Medium

41. Based on a 3-min videotape of newlyweds discussing problematic issues, Gottman and Levenson (2000) were able to predict ______.

A. the frequency of sexual intimacy per month

B. how couples divided household labor

C. the number of children couples had over the next 10 years

D. divorce over a 14-year period with 93% accuracy

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Dealing With Conflict

Difficulty Level: Easy

42. Gottman and Levenson (2000) found which of the following was key in predicting divorce?

A. absolute increases in emotional expressiveness

B. demand–withdraw patterns

C. rapid escalation of negative emotions among wives

D. an increase in nonverbal expressions of positive emotions

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Dealing With Conflict

Difficulty Level: Medium

43. When it comes to separation and divorce, men are more likely than women to admit to what?

A. criticism

B. infidelity

C. financial issues

D. poor division of labor

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Separation and Divorce

Difficulty Level: Easy

44. ______, women suffer more from divorce, and ______, men suffer more.

A. Mentally; physically

B. Emotionally; cognitively

C. Socially; individually

D. Financially; psychologically

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Separation and Divorce

Difficulty Level: Easy

45. What best describes the trajectory of marital satisfaction as a function of having children?

A. Satisfaction only decreases when children leave the home.

B. Satisfaction increases gradually as children develop.

C. Satisfaction declines following the birth of children.

D. Satisfaction increases for the first few years of having children then dips during adolescence.

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Parent to Parent: Gender and Parental Relationships

Difficulty Level: Easy

46. In the short period following an infant’s birth, mothers are more likely than fathers to experience ______.

A. depression

B. an increase in life satisfaction

C. changes in personality

D. cognitive deficits

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Parent to Parent: Gender and Parental Relationships

Difficulty Level: Easy

47. Compared to nonparents, parents report higher levels of ______.

A. marital satisfaction

B. meaning in life

C. neuroticism

D. financial stability

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Parent to Parent: Gender and Parental Relationships

Difficulty Level: Easy

48. Claims like, “a mother’s intuition is always right,” reflect ______.

A. explicit prejudice

B. hostile sexism

C. essentialist beliefs

D. accurate biological differences

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Parent to Child: Gender and Caring for Children

Difficulty Level: Hard

49. Which of the following reflects a common essentialist belief about mothers and fathers?

A. Boys don’t need fathers to develop in a healthy manner.

B. Children need fathers more than mothers.

C. Motherhood is a difficult choice for a woman to make.

D. Men lack a biological parenting instinct.

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Parent to Child: Gender and Caring for Children

Difficulty Level: Medium

50. What best describes what the research says about sex differences in parenting skills?

A. They are sensitive to whichever parent is the primary caregiver of the infant.

B. They emerge for parenting young children but disappear as children develop.

C. They are associated with estrogen.

D. They exist for parenting girls but not boys.

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Parent to Child: Gender and Caring for Children

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. People with smaller social networks die earlier than those with more social connections, from all causes of death, even after controlling for things like initial health status and exercise.

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Networks and Friendships

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Intimate partnerships tend to be more important for the health of men than women.

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Friendship Intimacy

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. The homosocial perspective claims that women’s friendships allow for more intimacy than men’s friendships.

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Friendship Intimacy

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Most college students report that sex improves the quality of their friendship in a friends-with-benefits arrangement.

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Hookups and Friends With Benefits

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Some research indicates that LGBTQ+ individuals have larger and more diverse friend networks than transgender individuals.

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: LGBTQ+ Friendships

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. There are no sex differences in mate preference for traits such as emotional stability, intelligence, and sociability.

Learning Objective: 10.2: Evaluate major theoretical perspectives on sex similarities and differences in mate preferences and mate choices.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Mate Preferences: Similarities and Differences

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Sex difference in mate preference largely replicate across diverse cultures that otherwise differ greatly.

Learning Objective: 10.2: Evaluate major theoretical perspectives on sex similarities and differences in mate preferences and mate choices.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Mate Preferences: Similarities and Differences

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Studies show that dating scripts for first dates among young men and women changed considerably in the 1990s and 2000s.

Learning Objective: 10.3: Explain the roles of gender and gender norms in dating relationships and romance.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Dating Relationships

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Gendered divisions of labor disappear in couples that both have full-time jobs.

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Happy Relationships: Equity and Love

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. In contrast to the 1960s, very few adults in Western societies get married today.

Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe diverse marital arrangements across sociohistorical contexts, races and ethnicities, cultures, and sexual orientations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Contemporary Marriage-Like Relationships

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. Across cultures, women report relationship problems and initiate divorce more often than men.

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Separation and Divorce

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Parenthood is typically associated with increases in relationship satisfaction.

Learning Objective: 10.6: Describe the roles of sex and gender in parenting and family relationships.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer location: Parent to Parent: Gender and Parental Relationships

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. In general, research on sex differences in parent support the axiom “a mother’s intuition is always right.”

Learning Objective: 10.6: Describe the roles of sex and gender in parenting and family relationships.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Parent to Child: Gender and Caring for Children

Difficulty Level: Hard

14. Children of caregivers who consistently provide warm and sensitive responses to their infants tend to have the best outcomes in terms of social and emotional competence later in life.

Learning Objective: 10.6: Describe the roles of sex and gender in parenting and family relationships.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Parent to Child: Gender and Caring for Children

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Research shows that children who have both a mother and a father tend to have the best physical and mental health outcomes throughout life.

Learning Objective: 10.6: Describe the roles of sex and gender in parenting and family relationships.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Parent to Child: Gender and Caring for Children

Difficulty Level: Easy

Short Answer

1. Explain the relationship between the male gender role and sex differences in same-sex closeness during friendship.

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Friendship Intimacy

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. In adulthood, how do the social networks of men and women differ from one another?

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Social Networks and Friendships

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. What are dating scripts, how have they changed over recent decades, and what type of dating scripts dominate Western culture?

Learning Objective: 10.3: Explain the roles of gender and gender norms in dating relationships and romance.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Dating Relationships

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Briefly explain how women and men are similar and different from one another when it comes to experiencing love and romance.

Learning Objective: 10.3: Explain the roles of gender and gender norms in dating relationships and romance.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Love and Romance

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. How do heterosexual couples in the United States typically divide labor? How does this compare to divisions of labor among lesbian and gay couples?

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Dividing Labor and Childcare

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. What are the positive and negative impacts of having children upon married couples?

Learning Objective: 10.6: Describe the roles of sex and gender in parenting and family relationships.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Parent to Parent: Gender and Parental Relationships

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. Describe how Gottman and Levenson (2000) studied the predictors of divorce. Explain both their findings relevant to emotional interaction patterns and demand–withdraw patterns.

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Dealing With Conflict

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Explain the adaptive function and corrosive effects of jealousy in relationships. What type of sex differences exist in experiences of jealousy? How do evolutionary psychologists explain these sex differences?

Learning Objective: 10.5: Analyze sex differences and similarities in the factors that contribute to relationship satisfaction, conflict, and separation.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Jealousy

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Describe the apparent differences between same-sex friendships among women and same-sex friendships among men. Explain how the homosocial perspective explains these differences. According to this view, do the friendships of men and women differ in degrees of intimacy? Explain why or why not.

Learning Objective: 10.1: Analyze the roles of sex, gender, and LGBTQ+ status in social networks, friendships, and friendship intimacy.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Friendship Intimacy

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Describe the evidence for sex differences in mate preference. Explain how both evolutionary psychology and sociocultural approaches account for these differences.

Learning Objective: 10.2: Evaluate major theoretical perspectives on sex similarities and differences in mate preferences and mate choices.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: What Roles Do Sex and Gender Play in Interpersonal Attraction?

Difficulty Level: Medium