Ch.9 Complete Test Bank Sexual Orientation And Sexuality - Model Test Questions | Psychology of Sex and Gender 2e by Bosson by Jennifer K. Bosson. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 9: Sexual Orientation and Sexuality
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. ______ refers to the enduring pattern of cognitive, motivational, and behavioral tendencies that regulates the experience, conduct, and expression of sexuality.
A. Gender self-concept
B. Sexual fluidity
C. Gender identity
D. Sexual orientation
Learning Objective: 9.1: Locate current understandings of sexuality and sexual orientation within social, cultural, and historical contexts.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: How Do Understandings of Sexuality and Sexual Orientation Differ Across Time and Culture?
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. In what time period did the earliest known reference to sexual orientation appear?
A. in ancient Rome
B. during the Middle Ages
C. in the late 19th century
D. during the sexual revolution of the 1960s
Learning Objective: 9.1: Locate current understandings of sexuality and sexual orientation within social, cultural, and historical contexts.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: How Do Understandings of Sexuality and Sexual Orientation Differ Across Time and Culture?
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. What shift in views toward sexuality occurred in the mid-1800s?
A. People began seeing sexuality as something more continuous than dichotomous.
B. Society began condemning same-sex acts much more harshly than previously in history.
C. Explanations of sexuality began appealing to environmental rather than biological causes.
D. It became common to classify people into groups based on the sex of their desired partners.
Learning Objective: 9.1: Locate current understandings of sexuality and sexual orientation within social, cultural, and historical contexts.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: How Do Understandings of Sexuality and Sexual Orientation Differ Across Time and Culture?
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. In ancient Greece, people’s sexuality was primarily linked to ______.
A. the sexual role they played (penetrative or receptive)
B. what sex they were attracted to
C. what sex they engaged in sex acts with
D. their gender identification
Learning Objective: 9.1: Locate current understandings of sexuality and sexual orientation within social, cultural, and historical contexts.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: How Do Understandings of Sexuality and Sexual Orientation Differ Across Time and Culture?
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. ______ refers to the label that a person uses to describe their sexual orientation and the emotional reactions that they have to it.
A. Sexual motivation
B. Sexual identity
C. Sexual behavior
D. Sexual attraction
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sexual Identity
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. The labels heterosexual, lesbian, gay, and bisexual are examples of ______.
A. sexual motivations
B. sexual identities
C. sexual behaviors
D. sexual attractions
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sexual Identity
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. What approximate percentages of men and women identify as gay and lesbian respectively?
A. 2% and 1% for men and women, respectively
B. 10% for both men and women
C. 5% of men and 10% of women
D. 10% overall, with 15% and 5% for men and women, respectively
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sexual Identity
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. Which of the following represents an individual who lacks all romantic interest in others?
A. asexual
B. pansexual
C. biromantic
D. aromantic
Learning Objective: 9.1: Locate current understandings of sexuality and sexual orientation within social, cultural, and historical contexts.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sexual Identity
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. People who identify as ______ experience romantic or sexual attractions to people of all sexes and gender identities.
A. polysexual
B. pansexual
C. asexual
D. transsexual
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sexual Identity
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. Which of the following would be least likely to strongly identify with a sexual orientation label? Someone who is ______.
A. gay
B. straight
C. pansexual
D. sexually fluid
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Sexual Identity
Difficulty Level: Hard
11. The ______ components of sexual orientation are experienced as feelings of desire and love, both of which consist of longing for, and impulse to seek proximity to, a given target.
A. motivation
B. identity
C. behavior
D. communal
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Motivation: Desire and Love
Difficulty Level: Easy
12. Sexual minority individuals who experience ______ feel less positive about their sexual identity and less connected to other LGBTQ individuals.
A. internalized homophobia
B. pansexual identity
C. low sexual motivation
D. reduced behavioral control
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Sexual Identity
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. Which of the following are motivational components of sexual orientation?
A. lust
B. identity
C. religion
D. values
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Motivation: Desire and Love
Difficulty Level: Easy
14. ______ is a neurotransmitter associated with feelings of lust and sexual desire
A. Vasopressin
B. Oxytocin
C. Histamine
D. Serotonin
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Motivation: Desire and Love
Difficulty Level: Easy
15. ______ motivates people to seek out sexual union, but ______ motivates people to direct their attention toward a specific partner.
A. Desire; lust
B. Passionate love, companionate love
C. Lust, love
D. Sexual orientation, sexual identity
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Motivation: Desire and Love
Difficulty Level: Medium
16. The function of ______ in mammals is to ensure that vulnerable, highly dependent human infants receive caregiving during crucial stages of development.
A. polygamous relations
B. the pair-bonding system
C. serial monogamy
D. lust
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Motivation: Desire and Love
Difficulty Level: Medium
17. Which of the following provides an example to demonstrate why bonding and coparenting may have been important in humans’ evolutionary past?
A. Human infants wean at much younger ages than members of many other primate species, which means that human adults can have babies at relatively short intervals.
B. Humans are more capable of empathy than members of many other primate species.
C. Communal bonding was essential to surviving in a village of hunters and gatherers.
D. Humans have highly independent offspring from an early age.
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Motivation: Desire and Love
Difficulty Level: Medium
18. Roughly what percentage of U.S. adults report engaging in sexual activity with a same-sex partner?
A. 30%
B. 20%
C. 10%
D. 2%
Learning Objective: 9.1: Locate current understandings of sexuality and sexual orientation within social, cultural, and historical contexts.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sexual Behavior
Difficulty Level: Easy
19. Exposure to Western ideas, norms, and attitudes can have what impact on sexual behaviors of non-Western societies?
A. decreases in sexual promiscuity
B. adoption of less conservative sexual attitudes and behaviors
C. lower rates of contraceptive use
D. not becoming sexually active until a later age
Learning Objective: 9.1: Locate current understandings of sexuality and sexual orientation within social, cultural, and historical contexts.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Sexual Behavior
Difficulty Level: Hard
20. Which of the following represents the rates of sexting among individuals in the United States?
A. The majority (over 50%) of adolescents are sexting--sending and receiving sexts.
B. Children and adolescents are sexting at higher rates than adults.
C. Adults are sexting at higher rates than children and adolescents.
D. Adults and youths are sexting at similar rates.
Learning Objective: 9.1: Locate current understandings of sexuality and sexual orientation within social, cultural, and historical contexts.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Sexual Behavior
Difficulty Level: Medium
21. What did both Fu et al. (2019) and Laumann et al. (1994) find regarding the identity, desire, and behavioral dimensions of sexual orientation?
A. People experience their sexual orientation in a unified manner, with all of the dimensions lining up consistently.
b. A small number of people showed inconsistencies across these dimensions, but these inconsistencies were unstable over time.
C. A large number of people showed inconsistencies across these dimensions.
D. A small number of people showed inconsistencies across these dimensions, and they remained stable across time.
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Complexity of Sexual Orientation
Difficulty Level: Medium
22. Diamond (2005) finds evidence for sexual orientation subtypes that are characterized by ______ rather than by the sex or gender of the people for whom they are directed.
A. the extremity of sexual urges
B. unconscious intuitions
C. how fluid or stable they are
D. the number of simultaneous partners
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Complexity of Sexual Orientation
Difficulty Level: Medium
23. Many sexual minority individuals experience an early phase of ______ during which they recognize a sense of differentness from others.
A. exploration
B. commitment
C. identity acceptance
D. awareness
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Phase Models of Sexual Identity Development
Difficulty Level: Easy
24. In the ______ phase, some sexual minority individuals experience identity uncertainty, during which their sexual orientation remains unclear.
A. exploration
B. commitment
C. identity acceptance
D. awareness
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Phase Models of Sexual Identity Development
Difficulty Level: Easy
25. In the ______ phase, many sexual minority individuals increase their involvement in an LGBTQ community.
A. exploration
B. commitment
C. identity acceptance
D. awareness
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Phase Models of Sexual Identity Development
Difficulty Level: Easy
26. Following the ______ phase, some sexual minority individuals decide to enter a coming out phase in which they publicly labeled themselves and discuss their identities with others.
A. exploration
B. commitment
C. identity acceptance
D. awareness
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Phase Models of Sexual Identity Development
Difficulty Level: Easy
27. Because Islam strictly prohibits same-sex sexuality, some Muslim sexual minority individuals undergo a prolonged phase of ______.
A. exploration
B. discovery of terminology
C. identity uncertainty
D. awareness
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Phase Models of Sexual Identity Development
Difficulty Level: Easy
28. Relative to boys, sexual minority girls generally _______.
A. label their sexual identity at a slightly younger age
B. become aware of same-sex attraction at an older age
C. experience their first same-sex attraction as sexual rather than emotional
D. disclose themselves as sexual minorities after their first same-sex contact
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Milestone and Narrative Models of Sexual Minority Identity Development
Difficulty Level: Easy
29. The majority of sexual minority boys/men report which of the following?
A. Their first same-sex attraction being sexual.
B. Their first same-sex attraction being emotional.
C. Their first same-sex sexual contact being with a romantic partner.
D. Their first same-sex sexual contact being with a stranger.
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Milestone and Narrative Models of Sexual Minority Identity Development
Difficulty Level: Easy
30. The majority of sexual minority girls/women report which of the following?
A. Their first same-sex attraction being sexual.
B. Their first same-sex attraction being emotional.
C. Their first same-sex sexual contact being with a romantic partner.
D. Their first same-sex sexual contact being with a stranger.
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Milestone and Narrative Models of Sexual Minority Identity Development
Difficulty Level: Easy
31. Which of the following theories argues that the more older biological brothers a man has, the higher his likelihood of being gay?
A. Behavioral genetics
B. fraternal birth order effect
C. neurohormonal theory
D. alliance formation hypothesis
Learning Objective: 9.3: Evaluate biological, evolutionary, and integrative theories of sexual orientation.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Biological Theories
Difficulty Level: Medium
32. Which of the following theories focuses on prenatal exposure to testosterone and estradiol?
A. behavioral genetics
B. fraternal birth order effect
C. neurohormonal theory
D. alliance formation hypothesis
Learning Objective: 9.3: Evaluate biological, evolutionary, and integrative theories of sexual orientation.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Biological Theories
Difficulty Level: Medium
33. The finding that same-sex sexual activity between primate friends increases the likelihood of friends assisting and defending each other is consistent with which theory?
A. kin selection theory
B. fecundity hypothesis
C. neurohormonal theory
D. alliance formation hypothesis
Learning Objective: 9.3: Evaluate biological, evolutionary, and integrative theories of sexual orientation.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Evolutionary Theories
Difficulty Level: Medium
34. Heritability estimates for sexual orientation suggest that genes account for about what range of the population variance in sexual orientation for men?
A. 10%–20%
B. 66%–90%
C. 14%–67%
D. 40%–80%
Learning Objective: 9.3: Evaluate biological, evolutionary, and integrative theories of sexual orientation.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Evolutionary Theories
Difficulty Level: Medium
35. Ray Blanchard’s explanation of the ______ is that the mother’s body treats the male fetus as a foreign invader and activates an immune response against it. At a certain point, the mother produces enough antibodies to prevent the fetal brain from developing in the male-typical fashion, resulting in male homosexuality.
A. behavioral genetics
B. fraternal birth order effect
C. neurohormonal theory
D. alliance formation hypothesis
Learning Objective: 9.3: Evaluate biological, evolutionary, and integrative theories of sexual orientation.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Biological Theories
Difficulty Level: Medium
36. Evidence that heterosexual men who possess more communal traits tend to have more female sexual partners supports which theory of sexual orientation?
A. kin selection theory
B. tipping point theory
C. neurohormonal theory
D. alliance formation hypothesis
Learning Objective: 9.3: Evaluate biological, evolutionary, and integrative theories of sexual orientation.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Evolutionary Theories
Difficulty Level: Medium
37. Examples of passionate same-sex friendships growing into feelings of sexual desire support which theory of sexual orientation?
A. kin selection theory
B. tipping point theory
C. biobehavioral model
D. alliance formation hypothesis
Learning Objective: 9.3: Evaluate biological, evolutionary, and integrative theories of sexual orientation.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Integrative Approach
Difficulty Level: Medium
38. Finkel and Eastwick (2009) find that sex differences in sexual attraction disappear under what circumstances?
A. Women are injected with testosterone.
B. Women play the role of “approacher” in a speed dating context.
C. when men and women rate the attractiveness of groups rather than individuals
D. when controlling for socioeconomic status
Learning Objective: 9.4: Explain sex differences in sexuality, including attitudes and behaviors, orgasms and sexual satisfaction, and sexual fluidity.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: How Do Sex and Gender Contribute to the Experience of Sexuality?
Difficulty Level: Medium
39. Terri Conley finds that women tend to react less positively than men to casual sexual encounters primarily for what reason?
A. They are fearful of casual sexual partners.
B. They think they will be less likely to orgasm during the encounter.
C. They are less interested in casual sex in general.
D. They are playing “hard to get.”
Learning Objective: 9.4: Explain sex differences in sexuality, including attitudes and behaviors, orgasms and sexual satisfaction, and sexual fluidity.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: How Do Sex and Gender Contribute to the Experience of Sexuality?
Difficulty Level: Medium
40. Sex differences, favoring women in self-report data, exist for which of the following?
A. pornography use
B. masturbation
C. casual sex
D. same-sex experiences
Learning Objective: 9.4: Explain sex differences in sexuality, including attitudes and behaviors, orgasms and sexual satisfaction, and sexual fluidity.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sexual Behavior, Attitudes, and Brain Activity
Difficulty Level: Easy
41. What best describes most self-reported sex differences in sexuality?
A. They fall in the medium to large range (ds > .4).
B. They are culturally universal.
C. They have poor test–retest reliability.
D. They fall in the small range (ds < .4).
Learning Objective: 9.4: Explain sex differences in sexuality, including attitudes and behaviors, orgasms and sexual satisfaction, and sexual fluidity.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sexual Behavior, Attitudes, and Brain Activity
Difficulty Level: Easy
42. Which of the following groups of people have the lowest orgasm rates during sex?
A. heterosexual women
B. heterosexual man
C. gay men
D. lesbian women
Learning Objective: 9.4: Explain sex differences in sexuality, including attitudes and behaviors, orgasms and sexual satisfaction, and sexual fluidity.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Orgasm Frequency and Sexual Satisfaction
Difficulty Level: Easy
43. Which of the following has research shown to predict orgasm rates among women?
A. having anal sex
B. frequency of sexual encounters
C. the duration of sexual encounters
D. a casual hookup encounter
Learning Objective: 9.4: Explain sex differences in sexuality, including attitudes and behaviors, orgasms and sexual satisfaction, and sexual fluidity.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Orgasm Frequency and Sexual Satisfaction
Difficulty Level: Medium
44. Which of the following describes some of the effects of gender reconstructive surgery or hormone treatments upon orgasm rates?
A. Transwomen consistently report lower orgasm rates after surgery.
B. The effects are incredibly variable and inconsistent for both transwomen and transmen.
C. Transmen report high orgasm rates.
D. Transmen report reduced orgasm rates.
Learning Objective: 9.4: Explain sex differences in sexuality, including attitudes and behaviors, orgasms and sexual satisfaction, and sexual fluidity.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Orgasm Frequency and Sexual Satisfaction
Difficulty Level: Medium
45. Diamond’s (2008) longitudinal study of sexual minority women found what percent changed their identified sexual orientation over a 10-year period?
A. 10%
B. 33%
C. 66%
D. 80%
Learning Objective: 9.4: Explain sex differences in sexuality, including attitudes and behaviors, orgasms and sexual satisfaction, and sexual fluidity.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sexual Fluidity
Difficulty Level: Easy
46. Lisa Diamond (2007) proposed that women’s overall pattern of sexual desire is primarily drive by which of the following?
A. sexual arousability
B. reproduction
C. sexual proceptivity
D. pleasure
Learning Objective: 9.4: Explain sex differences in sexuality, including attitudes and behaviors, orgasms and sexual satisfaction, and sexual fluidity.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Sexual Fluidity
Difficulty Level: Medium
47. What evidence is there to support sex differences in sexual trajectories (e.g., age at which men and women reach their sexual peaks)?
A. Men’s hormones peak at a younger age than women.
B. Men self-report their highest levels of lust at a younger age than women.
C. Women have more sexual partners in middle-age compared to men.
D. Women start generating more testosterone in their early 30s.
Learning Objective: 9.5: Understand issues in sexuality across the life course, such as sexual peaks and the medicalization of sexual changes.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Sexual Trajectories
Difficulty Level: Medium
48. Which of the following is TRUE of the relationship between sexual health and physical health?
A. Sexual satisfaction is negatively correlated with both physical and mental health.
B. The importance of sexual health for quality of life increases in old age.
C. Sexual health relates to physical health in Western but not Eastern cultures.
D. People who have regular, more enjoyable sex have lower mortality rates.
Learning Objective: 9.5: Understand issues in sexuality across the life course, such as sexual peaks and the medicalization of sexual changes.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Sexual Trajectories
Difficulty Level: Medium
49. Which of the following perspectives on decreases in sexuality in old age can make people feel like there is something wrong with them and cause them to seek out unnecessary, sometimes ill-advised treatments?
A. the medicalization of sexuality
B. the genetic perspective
C. the socially constructed approach
D. interpretations specific to collectivist cultures
Learning Objective: 9.5: Understand issues in sexuality across the life course, such as sexual peaks and the medicalization of sexual changes.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Medicalization of Sexual Changes
Difficulty Level: Hard
50. Which of the following is TRUE of changes in sexuality and related hormones that often occur in middle age (e.g., menopause in women and erectile dysfunction in men)?
A. These processes, both menopause and erectile dysfunction, are natural and normal.
B. They should be treated with medication to increase mental and physical health.
C. Menopause occurs in all women, but erectile dysfunction only occurs in a small subset of men and should be medically treated.
D. Treatments for these hormonal changes carry no meaningful risks.
Learning Objective: 9.5: Understand issues in sexuality across the life course, such as sexual peaks and the medicalization of sexual changes.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Medicalization of Sexual Changes
Difficulty Level: Medium
True/False
1. Sexual orientation refers only to the person to whom romantic and sexual feelings are directed.
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: What Is Sexual Orientation?
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. The idea that people have a stable, internal drive that orients them sexually toward members of a particular sex is an old idea that dates back to ancient Western civilization.
Learning Objective: 9.1: Locate current understandings of sexuality and sexual orientation within social, cultural, and historical contexts.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: What Is Sexual Orientation?
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. About 10% of the population identifies gay or lesbian.
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sexual Identity
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. The sexual desire (or lust) dimension of the motivational components of sexual orientation motivates people to direct their attentions toward a specific person who is cherished above others.
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Motivation: Desire and Love
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. Cross-cultural evidence indicates that passionate love toward mating partners is a universal or near-universal human experience.
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Motivation: Desire and Love
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. The neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine play a key role in the early stages of passionate love.
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Motivation: Desire and Love
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. Recent research in the United States suggests that about half of adults send sexts.
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Motivation: Sexual Behavior
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. For many sexual minorities, an awareness phase, in which they recognize a sense of differentness from others, marks the first phase in sexual identity development.
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Phase Models of Sexual Identity Development
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. Girls and women are more likely than boys and men to label themselves as sexual minorities before their first same-sex sexual contact.
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Milestone and Narrative Models of Sexual Minority Identity Development
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. The fraternal birth order effect postulates that gay men provide above-average levels of child-rearing assistance to siblings, thus increasing the survival of nephews and nieces and passing along genes that code for male same-sex orientation.
Learning Objective: 9.3: Evaluate biological, evolutionary, and integrative theories of sexual orientation.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Biological Theories
Difficulty Level: Easy
11. The alliance-formation hypothesis reflects an evolutionary psychology theory of sexual orientation.
Learning Objective: 9.3: Evaluate biological, evolutionary, and integrative theories of sexual orientation.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Evolutionary Theories
Difficulty Level: Easy
12. Examples of passionate same-sex friendships growing into feelings of sexual desire is consistent with the biobehavioral model of sexual orientation.
Learning Objective: 9.3: Evaluate biological, evolutionary, and integrative theories of sexual orientation.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Integrative Approach
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. Sex differences in “pickiness” when selecting mates disappear when women play the role of “approacher” (introducing themselves to men).
Learning Objective: 9.4: Explain sex differences in sexuality, including attitudes and behaviors, orgasms and sexual satisfaction, and sexual fluidity.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: How Do Sex and Gender Contribute to the Experience of Sexuality?
Difficulty Level: Easy
14. Genes explain about a third of the population variance in women’s rates of orgasm during sexual intercourse.
Learning Objective: 9.4: Explain sex differences in sexuality, including attitudes and behaviors, orgasms and sexual satisfaction, and sexual fluidity.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Orgasm Frequency and Sexual Satisfaction
Difficulty Level: Easy
15. Women’s sexual orientation tends to change more over their lives than men’s.
Learning Objective: 9.4: Explain sex differences in sexuality, including attitudes and behaviors, orgasms and sexual satisfaction, and sexual fluidity.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sexual Fluidity
Difficulty Level: Easy
Short Answer
1. How did cultural understandings of sexual behavior change in the mid-1800s.
Learning Objective: 9.1: Locate current understandings of sexuality and sexual orientation within social, cultural, and historical contexts.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: How Do Understandings of Sexuality and Sexual Orientation Differ Across Time and Culture?
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. Briefly describe the difference between early and later stages of love.
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Motivation: Desire and Love
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. Studies have shown that exposure to Western ideas, norms, and attitudes can have what kind of impact on sexual behavior in non-Western societies?
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Sexual Behavior
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. Briefly explain the difference in how phase models and milestone models approach explaining the development of sexual orientation.
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: How Does Sexual Orientation Develop?
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. Describe Two sex differences in the ages and/or sequence in which milestones among sexual minorities occur.
Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the multiple dimensions of sexual orientation, and analyze different models of sexual identity development.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Milestone and Narrative Models of Sexual Minority Identity Development
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. Describe the logic behind tipping point theory’s account of how genes for same-sex orientation are passed down.
Learning Objective: 9.3: Evaluate biological, evolutionary, and integrative theories of sexual orientation.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Evolutionary Theories
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. Describe how Finkel and Eastwick (2009) manipulated a “speed dating” task to eliminate sex differences in selectivity or “pickiness” in mates.
Learning Objective: 9.4: Explain sex differences in sexuality, including attitudes and behaviors, orgasms and sexual satisfaction, and sexual fluidity.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: How Do Sex and Gender Contribute to the Experience of Sexuality?
Difficulty Level: Medium
Essay
1. Choose two theories for why people differ in sexual orientation. Explain how they account for variance in sexual orientation, what evidence supports each, and whether each approach most reflects a biological, evolutionary, or integrative perspective.
Learning Objective: 9.3: Evaluate biological, evolutionary, and integrative theories of sexual orientation.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Why Do People Differ in Sexual Orientation?
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. Conley and colleagues (2011) summarize a number of common beliefs about sex differences in relationship preferences and sexuality. Describe three of these common beliefs and the alternative findings/interpretations provided by Conley and colleagues.
Learning Objective: 9.4: Explain sex differences in sexuality, including attitudes and behaviors, orgasms and sexual satisfaction, and sexual fluidity.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: How Do Sex and Gender Contribute to the Experience of Sexuality?
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. Describe common assumptions regarding sex differences in sexual trajectories (i.e., when women and men reach their sexual peaks). What evidence exists to support these assumptions? What evidence conflicts with them? Cite as least one research finding for and against sex differences in sexual trajectories. How does the research on sexual trajectories conflict with common assumptions about relevant sex differences?
Learning Objective: 9.5: Understand issues in sexuality across the life course, such as sexual peaks and the medicalization of sexual changes.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Sexual Trajectories
Difficulty Level: Medium
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Connected Book
Model Test Questions | Psychology of Sex and Gender 2e by Bosson
By Jennifer K. Bosson