Disorders Of Childhood Chapter.14 Test Questions & Answers

Chapter 14 Test Bank
 

1. The most common psychological disorders in children are categorised as: 

A. unspecified disorders of infancy, childhood and adolescence.

B. thought problems.

C. genetic or inherited difficulties.

D. internalising and externalising disorders.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 14.1 Describe the key behavioural and emotional problems of children that are identified by parents and identify the main challenges in examining the mental health problems of children.
Topic: Historical and Current Approaches to the Understanding and Classification of Childhood Disorders
 

2. Drug treatment for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: 

A. has no effect.

B. is most effective as a stand-alone treatment.

C. is most effective when combined with psychosocial treatment.

D. All of the given options are correct.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.3 Describe the main characteristics of the neurodevelopmental disorders.
Topic: Neurodevelopmental Disorders
 

3. Selective mutism is now thought to be a variant of: 

A. social phobia.

B. autism.

C. posttraumatic stress disorder.

D. schizophrenia.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.5 Describe the key characteristics and treatment of separation anxiety disorder and selective mutism.
Topic: Internalising Disorders
 

4. A diagnosis of reading disorder cannot be made if the child's reading problem is due to: 

A. general developmental disability.

B. sensory impairment.

C. lack of educational and sociocultural opportunities.

D. any of the other factors listed here.

E. none of the given options.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.3 Describe the main characteristics of the neurodevelopmental disorders.
Topic: Neurodevelopmental Disorders
 

5. Psychological treatments developed to target externalising disorders include all of the following except: 

A. mindfulness therapy.

B. improving parenting skills.

C. attachment-based approaches.

D. family therapy.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.4 Describe the key features and factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of externalising disorders and the evidence-based approaches to the treatment of these disorders.
Topic: Externalising Disorders/Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders
 

6. For a diagnosis of intellectual disability to be made, an individual must demonstrate: 

A. cognitive deficits in intellectual functioning.

B. functional limitations in daily living, communication and social skills.

C. deficits that occur in childhood.

D. All of the options listed are correct.

E. None of the options given is correct.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.3 Describe the main characteristics of the neurodevelopmental disorders.
Topic: Neurodevelopmental Disorders
 

7. In general, risk factors in the environment are transmitted to the child through: 

A. genetics.

B. their impact on the parent–child relationship.

C. the intra-uterine environment prior to birth.

D. classical conditioning.

E. peer relationships.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.1 Describe the key behavioural and emotional problems of children that are identified by parents and identify the main challenges in examining the mental health problems of children.
Topic: Historical and Current Approaches to the Understanding and Classification of Childhood Disorders
 

8. Patterson's coercive processes model of the development of oppositional defiant disorder focuses on: 

A. the child's temperament.

B. the child's frontal brain activation.

C. the impact of the androgen hormone on brain development.

D. the interaction between parent and child.

E. None of the options given is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 14.4 Describe the key features and factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of externalising disorders and the evidence-based approaches to the treatment of these disorders.
Topic: Externalising Disorders/Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders
 

9. The Australian Temperament Project indicated that children who subsequently develop conduct disorder clearly differ from other children by the age of: 

A. 1–2 years.

B. 5–6 years.

C. 8–10 years.

D. 12–14 years.

E. 15–18 years.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 14.4 Describe the key features and factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of externalising disorders and the evidence-based approaches to the treatment of these disorders.
Topic: Externalising Disorders/Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders
 

10. For a child to be diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, s/he must demonstrate: 

A. attention-deficit symptoms.

B. hyperactivity symptoms.

C. attention-deficit and/or hyperactivity symptoms.

D. both attention-deficit and hyperactivity symptoms.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 14.3 Describe the main characteristics of the neurodevelopmental disorders.
Topic: Neurodevelopmental Disorders
 

11. Relative to healthy children and children with conduct disorder, children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder have been found to demonstrate: 

A. no neuropsychological deficits.

B. deficits in auditory comprehension.

C. deficits in memory functioning.

D. deficits in executive functioning.

E. deficits in auditory functioning.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.3 Describe the main characteristics of the neurodevelopmental disorders.
Topic: Neurodevelopmental Disorders
 

12. Among the anxiety disorders, the only diagnostic category that is specifically for children is: 

A. generalised anxiety disorder.

B. specific phobia.

C. agoraphobia.

D. separation anxiety disorder.

E. obsessive-compulsive disorder

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.5 Describe the key characteristics and treatment of separation anxiety disorder and selective mutism.
Topic: Internalising Disorders
 

13. The key feature of separation anxiety disorder is: 

A. increased fear in the presence of the attachment figure.

B. reduced fear in the presence of the attachment figure.

C. that it is more common in younger children.

D. that the criteria are the same for children and adults.

E. that it can be diagnosed only in older children.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.5 Describe the key characteristics and treatment of separation anxiety disorder and selective mutism.
Topic: Internalising Disorders
 

14. When comparing primary and secondary enuresis: 

A. primary enuresis is more likely to have a psychosocial cause.

B. secondary enuresis is more likely to have a psychosocial cause.

C. primary enuresis occurs after the child has been dry for at least six months.

D. secondary enuresis occurs when the child has never been dry.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.6 Describe the various elimination disorders and their treatments.
Topic: Elimination Disorders
 

15. Among children and adolescents in Australia, which option is true of the prevalence of childhood disorders? 

A. Approximately 13 per cent of children and adolescents are affected by some form of disorder.

B. Anxiety and depression are more common than aggressive behaviour.

C. Mental disorders are experienced equally by boys and girls.

D. All of the given options are correct.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 14.1 Describe the key behavioural and emotional problems of children that are identified by parents and identify the main challenges in examining the mental health problems of children.
Topic: Historical and Current Approaches to the Understanding and Classification of Childhood Disorders
 

16. Children's emotional and behavioural development is most influenced by: 

A. risk factors.

B. protective factors.

C. the balance between genetics, risk factors and protective factors.

D. genetics.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.1 Describe the key behavioural and emotional problems of children that are identified by parents and identify the main challenges in examining the mental health problems of children.
Topic: Historical and Current Approaches to the Understanding and Classification of Childhood Disorders
 

17. Which of the following is not true of oppositional defiant disorder? 

A. Its prevalence declines through childhood and adolescence.

B. It involves difficulty regulating emotion.

C. It involves a negative affective style.

D. It is more common in boys than in girls.

E. All of the given options are true of oppositional defiant disorder.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.4 Describe the key features and factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of externalising disorders and the evidence-based approaches to the treatment of these disorders.
Topic: Externalising Disorders/Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders
 

18. The treatment for children's problematic externalising behaviours with the strongest research support is: 

A. conditioning.

B. parent management training.

C. cognitive behaviour therapy.

D. the Feingold diet.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 14.4 Describe the key features and factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of externalising disorders and the evidence-based approaches to the treatment of these disorders.
Topic: Externalising Disorders/Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders
 

19. The intervention of choice for separation anxiety disorder is: 

A. conditioning.

B. parent management training.

C. cognitive behaviour therapy.

D. the Feingold diet.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.5 Describe the key characteristics and treatment of separation anxiety disorder and selective mutism.
Topic: Internalising Disorders
 

20. The treatment for enuresis (bed-wetting) with the strongest research support is: 

A. conditioning.

B. parent management training.

C. cognitive behaviour therapy.

D. the Feingold diet.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 14.6 Describe the various elimination disorders and their treatments.
Topic: Elimination Disorders
 

21. In terms of oppositional defiant disorder, the current recommendations in the DSM-5 are to distinguish between: 

A. hyperactive and impulsive symptoms.

B. positive and negative symptoms.

C. emotional and behavioural symptoms.

D. All of the given options are correct.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.4 Describe the key features and factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of externalising disorders and the evidence-based approaches to the treatment of these disorders.
Topic: Externalising Disorders/Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders
 

22. Separation anxiety disorder has been re-classified from the category of 'disorders usually first diagnosed in infancy, childhood or adolescence' to: 

A. mood disorders.

B. anxiety disorders.

C. personality disorders.

D. somatoform disorders.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 14.5 Describe the key characteristics and treatment of separation anxiety disorder and selective mutism.
Topic: Internalising Disorders
 

23. The range of pervasive developmental disorders may be subsumed under the autistic disorder category for DSM-5 because: 

A. it reduces confusion in communication between health experts.

B. the disorders vary across different research and clinical settings.

C. there is little overlap between symptom severity, language level or intelligence.

D. it was hard to distinguish between previous categories.

E. All of the given options are correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.3 Describe the main characteristics of the neurodevelopmental disorders.
Topic: Neurodevelopmental Disorders
 

24. Stimulant medications such as methylphenidate (Ritalin) increase the availability of: 

A. dopamine.

B. serotonin.

C. endorphins.

D. All of the given options are correct.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 14.3 Describe the main characteristics of the neurodevelopmental disorders.
Topic: Neurodevelopmental Disorders
 

25. Many parents of children with separation anxiety disorder: 

A. also show symptoms of anxiety, suggesting the familial inheritance of anxiety.

B. tend to model anxious behaviour and poor coping.

C. provide fewer opportunities for their child to confront and master fearful situations.

D. often inadvertently reinforce their child's anxiety.

E. All of the given options are correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.5 Describe the key characteristics and treatment of separation anxiety disorder and selective mutism.
Topic: Internalising Disorders
 

26. The Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing indicated that approximately _______ per cent of children aged 4–17 years had an emotional or behavioural problem. 

A. 3.7

B. 6.9

C. 13.9

D. 7.4

E. 8.3

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 14.1 Describe the key behavioural and emotional problems of children that are identified by parents and identify the main challenges in examining the mental health problems of children.
Topic: Historical and Current Approaches to the Understanding and Classification of Childhood Disorders
 

27. A major criticism of the DSM-5 in terms of disorders of childhood is the fact that: 

A. it treats children like small adults.

B. it does not take into account the dimensional nature of many childhood conditions.

C. it adopts an aetiological approach.

D. it adopts a dimensional approach.

E. None of the given options is correct.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.2 Describe key themes in the classification of childhood psychological disorders.
Topic: Historical and Current Approaches to the Understanding and Classification of Childhood Disorders
 

28. A specific learning disorder is diagnosed when a child’s academic achievement is below what is expected for his/her age. It cannot be diagnosed when: 

A. the child also has an anxiety disorder.

B. the child also has a mood disorder.

C. the child has an intellectual disability.

D. the child has ADHD.

E. the child is mute.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.3 Describe the main characteristics of the neurodevelopmental disorders.
Topic: Neurodevelopmental Disorders
 

29. The DSM-5 has consolidated four previous disorders into a single disorder, namely autism spectrum disorder. Those disorders were all of the following except: 

A. autistic disorder.

B. Asperger's syndrome.

C. intellectual disability.

D. childhood disintegrative disorder.

E. pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 14.3 Describe the main characteristics of the neurodevelopmental disorders.
Topic: Neurodevelopmental Disorders
 

30. If a boy's father was reading disabled, that boy has a _____ per cent probability of being reading disabled. 

A. 5

B. 10

C. 20

D. 40

E. 50

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 14.3 Describe the main characteristics of the neurodevelopmental disorders.
Topic: Neurodevelopmental Disorders
 

31. One of the most common childhood disorders is: 

A. autism.

B. reading disorder.

C. selective mutism.

D. Rett's disorder.

E. oppositional defiant disorder.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.4 Describe the key features and factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of externalising disorders and the evidence-based approaches to the treatment of these disorders.
Topic: Externalising Disorders/Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders
 

32. Externalising disorders are ones where: 

A. behaviour is directed at the self.

B. behaviour is directed at others.

C. there are low levels of anxiety.

D. there are high levels of depression.

E. there is ‘naughty’ behaviour.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 14.4 Describe the key features and factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of externalising disorders and the evidence-based approaches to the treatment of these disorders.
Topic: Externalising Disorders/Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders
 

33. The development and maintenance of separation anxiety disorder involves all of the following except: 

A. a genetic component.

B. parental anxiety.

C. parenting style.

D. family conflict.

E. mutism.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.5 Describe the key characteristics and treatment of separation anxiety disorder and selective mutism.
Topic: Internalising Disorders
 

34. Nocturnal enuresis is relatively common in boys, with rates of about: 

A. 5–10 per cent.

B. 12–15 per cent.

C. 15–22 per cent.

D. 22–30 per cent.

E. 25–30 per cent.

Blooms: Knowledge
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 14.6 Describe the various elimination disorders and their treatments.
Topic: Elimination Disorders
 

35. Children with encopresis tend to have all of the following except: 

A. anxiety and depressive symptoms.

B. attention difficulties.

C. social problems.

D. poor school performance.

E. an intellectual disability.

Blooms: Analysis
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 14.6 Describe the various elimination disorders and their treatments.
Topic: Elimination Disorders
 

36. Interventions for childhood disorders delivered through the blending of highly accessible media have the potential to: 

A. reach broad sections of the community.

B. reach a very large number of families who might not otherwise receive treatment.

C. undermine pervasive myths about childhood disorders.

D. offer cost-effective treatment.

E. All of the given options are correct.

Blooms: Evaluation
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 14.4 Describe the key features and factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of externalising disorders and the evidence-based approaches to the treatment of these disorders.
Topic: Historical and Current Approaches to the Understanding and Classification of Childhood Disorders
 

37. Which is an accurate statement regarding the aetiology of primary enuresis? 

A. Daytime enuresis is the most common.

B. Enuresis cannot be inherited.

C. Psychological factors rarely contribute.

D. It occurs in 5 per cent of boys.

E. It does not occur in children with ADHD.

Blooms: Evaluation
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 14.6 Describe the various elimination disorders and their treatments.
Topic: Elimination Disorders
 

Chapter 14 Test Bank Summary