Chapter 20: Advances in Technology and Research

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Who defined technology as “a system that uses knowledge and organization to produce objects and techniques for the attainment of specific goals?”

A. Volti

B. Williams

C. Brittman

D. Baumgarten

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Advances in Technology and Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. ______ was one of the first researchers to introduce a teaching approach using technology, for example, programmed instruction.

A. Freud

B. Erikson

C. Skinner

D. Rogers

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Advances in Technology and Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Online counseling is new to the counseling profession, and it has been identified as starting in the ______.

A. 1960s

B. 1970s

C. 1980s

D. 1990s

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Online Counseling

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Asynchronous online therapy typically involves ______.

A. e-mail

B. chat

C. video conferencing

D. none of these

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Online Counseling

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Bug-in-ear is a technology that was used in the ______ in counseling.

A. 1960s

B. 1970s

C. 1980s

D. 1990s

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Bug-in-Ear Technology

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. One of the early uses of virtual reality in counseling has been with the treatment of individuals who have been diagnosed with ______.

A. somatoform disorder

B. PTSD

C. insomnia

D. schizophrenia

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Virtual Reality

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. ______ is used primarily in assessment.

A. EEG

B. Neurofeedback

C. TDCS

D. EGE

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Neuroscience Technologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. The Food and Drug Administration recently approved the use of EEG in the assessment of ______.

A. insomnia

B. bipolar disorder

C. depression

D. ADHD

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Neuroscience Technologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. All are brain waveforms EXCEPT which of the following ______.

A. alpha

B. beta

C. theta

D. calpha

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Neuroscience Technologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Brain waves are categorized according to ______.

A. frequency bands

B. shapes

C. none of these

D. both frequency bands and shapes

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Neuroscience Technologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. Individuals with ______ have been found to have increased theta activity in the frontal regions.

A. insomnia

B. bipolar disorder

C. depression

D. ADHD

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Neuroscience Technologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Autism Spectrum Disorder has been diagnosed with ______.

A. EEG

B. neurofeedback

C. tDCS

D. EGE

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Neuroscience Technologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. The past 12 years have seen a dramatic increase in the use of tDCS; there have been over ______ studies reported in the professional literature.

A. 200

B. 500

C. 1,000

D. 5,000

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Neuroscience Technologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Researchers have studied many different brain functions using ______, including decision-making, language production, cognitive, and speech apraxia.

A. EEG

B. neurofeedback

C. tDCS

D. EGE

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Neuroscience Technologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Mattai et al. (2011) investigated the use of tDCS with childhood onset ______.

A. somatoform disorder

B. PTSD

C. insomnia

D. schizophrenia

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Neuroscience Technologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

True/False

1. Technology has been used in applying research for decades.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Advances in Technology and Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Behavioral science research has a short history of using technology, not always sophisticated technology like we might think of today.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Advances in Technology and Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. The use of technology in research is quite varied and may involve a range of technologies.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Advances in Technology and Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Online counseling has grown dramatically over the past decade.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Online Counseling

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Mallen and Vogel (2005) defined the use of e-mail counseling as “online letter writing.”

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Online Counseling

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. The advances that have been made in developing technology that increase feelings of presence and “being there” with others will likely dwindle.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Online Counseling

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Virtual education is quickly transforming K–12 education.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Virtual Reality

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. The use of iPads and iPhones has shown significant potential in education and counseling.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Advances in Technology and Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Brain waves are a consequence of electrical oscillations due to neuronal activity.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Neuroscience Technologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Use of neurofeedback in counseling and education is in its infancy, and the potential for future research is wide open.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Neuroscience Technologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

Short Answer

1. Discuss Benjamin Rush and his invention from the 1700s.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Advances in Technology and Research

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Define Internet therapy.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Online Counseling

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. List several different methods that have been used with online counseling.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Online Counseling

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Chester and Glass (2006) studied the use of online counseling. Briefly describe their findings.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Online Counseling

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Ruble, McGrew, Toland, Dalrymple, and Jung (2013) compared face-to-face teacher coaching and web-based approaches. Describe their findings.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Online Counseling

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Give examples of the type of technologies used in neuroscience research.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Neuroscience Technologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. List the waveforms an EEG may show.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Neuroscience Technologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. What is the goal of neurofeedback training?

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Neuroscience Technologies

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Rees and Stone (2005) studied psychologists’ reactions to observing a face-to-face counseling session versus a videoconferenced session. What were their findings?

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Interactive Video

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. How are iPhones being used in research?

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: iPads and iPhones

Difficulty Level: Easy

Essay

1. Provide examples of how technology may be used in research.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Summary

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Discuss Bug-in-ear and how this type of technology is used.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Bug-in-Ear Technology

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Discuss how virtual reality has been used in the treatment of anxiety disorders. Provide an example.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Virtual Reality

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Discuss tDCS and how this technology may be applied to counseling.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Neuroscience Technologies

Difficulty Level: Hard

5. Compare and contrast delta, alpha, beta, and gamma waves.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Neuroscience Technologies

Difficulty Level: Hard