The Endocrine System — Endocrinology Test Bank Chapter 7

Acquiring Medical Language, 2e (Jones)

Chapter 7 The Endocrine System — Endocrinology

1) Choose the correct translation for the roots adren/o, adrenal/o.

A) Adrenal gland

B) Gland

C) Gonads

D) Hormone

E) Pituitary gland

2) Choose the correct translation for the root cortic/o.

A) Adrenal gland

B) Hormone

C) Outer surface

D) Secrete

E) Stimulating hormone

3) Choose the correct translation for the root crin/o.

A) Adrenal gland

B) Hormone

C) Outer surface

D) Secrete

E) Stimulating hormone

4) Choose the correct translation for the root hypophys/o.

A) Adrenal gland

B) Gland

C) Gonads

D) Hormone

E) Pituitary gland

5) Which of the following word parts means "stimulating hormone"?

A) cortic/o

B) crin/o

C) -uria

D) -ket/o

E) -tropin

6) Which of the following roots means "sugar"?

A) gluc/o

B) glucos/o

C) glyc/o

D) all of these

E) none of these

7) Which of the following roots refer to sex organs?

A) adren/o

B) crin/o

C) gonad/o

D) hypophys/o

E) ket/o

8) Identify and define the root in the medical term hypoparathyroidism.

A) hypo over

B) hypo under

C) para beside

D) thyroid thyroid

E) ism condition

9) Identify and define the root in the medical term hypophysitis.

A) hypo over

B) hypo under

C) hypophys pituitary

D) phys pituitary

E) itis inflammation

10) Identify and define the root related to the endocrine system in the medical term insulinoma.

A) in in, inside

B) insulin insulin, a hormone secreted by the pancreas that controls the metabolism and uptake of sugar and fats

C) sul sugar

D) sulin sugar

E) noma tumor

11) Identify and define the root in the medical term polyadenopathy.

A) poly many

B) ad toward

C) adeno gland

D) eno endocrine system

E) pathy disease

12) Identify the correct pronunciation of the term thyrotropin.

A) THAI-rah-trah-peen

B) THAI-roh-TROH-pin

C) THEE-rah-trah-peen

D) THEE-roh-TROH-pin

13) Identify the correct pronunciation of the term glycolysis.

A) glai-KAW-lih-sis

B) glai-KAW-lai-sis

C) glai-KOH-lee-sis

D) glee-KOH-lai-sees

E) glee-KOW-lai-sis

14) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term hypoglycemic into its component parts?

A) hypo/glycemic

B) hypo/glycem/ic

C) hypo/glyc/emic

D) hypo/glyc/em/ic

E) hy/po/gly/cem/ic

15) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term gluconeogenesis into its component parts?

A) gluconeo/genesis

B) gluco/neo/genesis

C) glu/coneo/gen/esis

D) glu/co/neo/gen/esis

E) glu/co/ne/ogen/es/is

16) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term hypergonadism into its component parts?

A) hyper/gonadism

B) hyper/gonad/ism

C) hyp/ergo/nad/ism

D) hyp/er/gonad/ism

E) hy/per/gon/ad/ism

17) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term thyromegaly into its component parts?

A) thyro/megaly

B) thy/ro/megaly

C) thy/ro/megal/y

D) thy/ro/meg/aly

E) thy/ro/meg/al/y

18) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term polyadenopathy into its component parts?

A) poly/adenopathy

B) polyadeno/pathy

C) poly/adeno/pathy

D) poly/aden/opath/y

E) poly/ad/eno/pathy

19) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term adrenocortical carcinoma into its component parts?

A) adreno/cortical carcinoma

B) adreno/cortical carcin/oma

C) adreno/cortic/al carcin/oma

D) ad/reno/cortic/al carcin/oma

E) ad/reno/cortic/al car/cin/oma

20) Which is the correct breakdown of the medical term thyroparathyroidectomy into its component parts?

A) thyroparathyroid/ectomy

B) thyro/parathy/roidec/tomy

C) thyro/para/thyroid/ectomy

D) thyro/para/thyroid/ecto/my

E) thy/ro/para/thy/roid/ec/tomy

21) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term adrenarche?

A) adren (adrenal) + arche (beginning) = beginning of adrenal secretions

B) adren (gland) + arche (beginning) = beginning of gland formation

C) adren (hormone) + arche (beginning) = beginning of hormone formation

D) adren (secretions) + arche (beginning) = beginning of hormonal secretions

22) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hypogonadism?

A) hypo (large) + gonad (gonad) + ism (pertaining to) = pertaining to large gonads

B) hypo (over) + gonad (gonad) + ism (disease) = disease caused by over secretion of the sex glands

C) hypo (small) + gonad (gonad) + ism (formation) = formation of small gonads

D) hypo (under) + gonad (gonad) + ism (condition) = under secretion of the sex glands

23) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term acromegaly?

A) acro (extremities) + megaly (abnormally large) = abnormally large extremities

B) acro (extremities) + megaly (abnormally small) = abnormally small extremities

C) acro (extremities) + megaly (multiple) = multiple extremities

D) acro (extremities) + megaly (united) = united extremities

24) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hypercholesterolemia?

A) hyper (over/excessive) + cholesterol (cholesterol) + emia (blood condition) = excessive cholesterol in the blood

B) hyper (over/excessive) + cholesterol (cholesterol) + emia (urine condition) = excessive cholesterol in the urine

C) hyper (under/insufficient) + cholesterol (cholesterol) + emia (blood condition) = insufficient cholesterol in the blood

D) hyper (under/insufficient) + cholesterol (cholesterol) + emia (urine condition) = insufficient cholesterol in the urine

25) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term uremia?

A) uremia = urine condition

B) uremia = blood condition

C) uremia = blood and urine condition

D) ur (urine) + emia (blood condition) = presence of urinary waste in the blood

E) ur (personal) + emia (blood condition) = personal blood condition

26) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term endocrine?

A) endo (inside) + crine (hormone) = hormones within the body

B) endo (inside) + crine (secretion) = to secrete internally (i.e., into the bloodstream)

C) endo (outside) + crine (hormone) = hormones outside the body

D) endo (outside) + crine (secretion) = to secrete outside the body (i.e., through the breath)

27) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term exocrine?

A) exo (inside) + crine (hormone) = hormones within the body

B) exo (inside) + crine (secretion) = to secrete internally (i.e., into the bloodstream)

C) exo (outside) + crine (hormone) = hormones outside the body

D) exo (outside) + crine (secretion) = to secrete outside the body (through ducts to the surface of an organ)

28) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term ketogenesis?

A) keto (ketone) + genesis (breakdown) = breakdown of ketone bodies

B) keto (ketone) + genesis (creation) = creation of ketone bodies

C) keto (ketone) + genesis (removal) = removal of ketone bodies

D) keto (ketone) + genesis (secretion) = secretion of ketone bodies

E) keto (ketone) + genesis (tumor) = tumor of ketone bodies

29) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term thyrotoxicosis?

A) thyro (adrenal gland) + toxic (poison) + osis (inflammation) = inflammation of the adrenal gland that is toxic to the body

B) thyro (hormone) + toxic (poison) + osis (condition) = hormonal condition where too many hormones secreted by the body cause tissue in the body to die

C) thyro (thymus) + toxic (poison) + osis (disease) = deterioration of the thymus

D) thyro (thyroid) + toxic (poison) + osis (condition) = condition caused by the exposure of body tissue to excessive levels of thyroid hormone

E) thyro (thyroid) + toxic (poison) + osis (disease) = disease where excessive hormones in the body damage the thyroid

30) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term panhypopituitarism?

A) pan (all) + hypo (over) + pituitar (pituitary gland) + ism (condition) = overactivity of the entire pituitary gland

B) pan (all) + hypo (under) + pituitar (pituitary gland) + ism (condition) = defective or absent function of the entire pituitary gland

C) pan (many) + hypo (over) + pituitar (pituitary gland) + ism (formation) = the condition of having multiple pituitary glands

D) pan (one) + hypo (under) + pituitar (pituitary gland) + ism (condition) = defective or absent function of part of the pituitary gland

E) pan (one) + hypo (over) + pituitar (pituitary gland) + ism (condition) = overactivity of part of the pituitary gland

31) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hypophysitis?

A) hypophys (pancreas) + itis (disease) = disease of the pancreas

B) hypophys (pituitary gland) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the pituitary gland.

C) hypo (over) + phys (pancreas) + itis (disease) = disease of the glands over the pancreas

D) hypo (under) + phys (pancreas) + itis (inflammation) = too small of a pancreas

E) hypo (over) + phys (pituitary gland) + itis (condition) = condition of the glands over the pituitary gland

32) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pancreatic pseudocyst?

A) pancreat (pancreas) + ic (inflammation) + pseudo (cancer) + cyst (cyst) = inflammation of the pancreas caused by a cancerous cyst

B) pancreat (pancreas) + ic (inflammation) + pseudo (change) + cyst (cyst) = inflammation of the pancreas due to changing cysts within the organ

C) pancreat (pancreas) + ic (pertaining to) + pseudo (false) + cyst (cyst) =abnormally expanded area in the pancreas resembling a cyst

D) pancreat (pancreas) + ic (pertaining to) + pseudo (change) + cyst (tumor) = a tumor in the pancreas that is changing into a cyst

E) pancreat (pancreas) + ic (pertaining to) + pseudo (false) + cyst (tumor) = an abnormal area of the pancreas that looks like a tumor

33) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pancreatolithiasis?

A) pancreato (pancreas) + lith (cyst) + iasis (disease) = disease caused by a cyst in the pancreas

B) pancreato (pancreas) + lith (cyst) + iasis (presence) = presence of a cyst in the pancreas

C) pancreato (pancreas) + lith (stone) + iasis (disease) = disease caused by a stone in the pancreas

D) pancreato (pancreas) + lith (stone) + iasis (presence) = presence of a stone in the pancreas

E) pancreato (pancreas) + lith (tumor) + iasis (presence) = presence of a tumor in the pancreas

34) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term cholangiopancreatography?

A) chol (bile) + angio (vessel) + pancreato (pancreas)+ graphy (looking procedure) = procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas

B) chol (bile) + angio (vessel) + pancreato (pancreas)+ graphy (looking record) = procedure used to record the functioning of the bile ducts and pancreas

C) chol (bile) + angio (vessel) + pancreato (pancreas)+ graphy (writing procedure) = procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas

D) chol (bile) + angio (vessel) + pancreato (pancreas)+ graphy (writing record) = procedure used to record the functioning of the bile ducts and pancreas

35) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hypophysectomy?

A) hypophys (pancreas) + ectomy (removal) = removal of the pancreas

B) hypophys (pituitary) + ectomy (removal) = removal of the pituitary gland

C) hypo (over) + phys (gland) + ectomy (removal) = removal of the adrenal gland

D) hypo (under) + phys (gland) + ectomy (removal) = removal of the pituitary gland

36) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term parathyroidectomy?

A) para (beside) + thyroid (thyroid) + ectomy (incision) = incision of the parathyroid

B) para (beside) + thyroid (thyroid) + ectomy (removal) = removal of the parathyroid

C) para (inside) + thyroid (thyroid) + ectomy (incision) = incision into the thyroid

D) para (inside) + thyroid (thyroid) + ectomy (removal) = removal of the inside of the thyroid

E) para (outside) + thyroid (thyroid) + ectomy (incision) = incision into the outside of the thyroid

37) Which medical term means "pain in a gland"?

A) Adenalgia

B) Adenocarcinoma

C) Adenoma

D) Adenomegaly

E) Adenosis

38) Which medical term means "pain in the pancreas"?

A) Pancreatalgia

B) Pancreatectomy

C) Pancreatitis

D) Pancreatolith

E) Pancreatolithiasis

39) Which medical term means "thyroid tumor" and is another name for a goiter?

A) Thymoma

B) Thyrocele

C) Thyroiditis

D) Thyroidotoxin

E) Thyroptosis

40) Which medical term means "calcium in the urine"?

A) Calcemia

B) Calciuria

C) Chloremia

D) Kenonuria

E) Polyuria

41) Which medical term means "hormone that stimulates the gonads"?

A) Adrenaline

B) Corticotropin

C) Glucagon

D) Gonadogenesis

E) Gonadotropin

42) Which medical term means "abnormal enlargement of a gland"?

A) Adenalgia

B) Adenocarcinoma

C) Adenoma

D) Adenomegaly

E) Adenosis

43) Which medical term means "creation/development of gonads"?

A) Adrenaline

B) Corticotropin

C) Glucagon

D) Gonadogenesis

E) Gonadotropin

44) Which medical term means "ketone body condition," a condition characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood?

A) Euglycemia

B) Hyperkalemia

C) Ketonuria

D) Ketosis

E) Myxedema

45) Which medical term means "gland condition"?

A) Adenalgia

B) Adenocarcinoma

C) Adenoma

D) Adenomegaly

E) Adenosis

46) Which medical term means "tumor of the thymus"?

A) Thymectomy

B) Thymoma

C) Thyrocele

D) Thyromegaly

E) Thyrotoxicosis

47) Which medical term means "over thyroid condition," overproduction by the thyroid?

A) Hyperparathyroidism

B) Hyperthyroidism

C) Hypoparathyroidism

D) Hypothyroidism

48) Which medical term means "inflammation of the thyroid"?

A) Thyrocele

B) Thyroiditis

C) Thyroidotomy

D) Thyromegaly

E) Thyroptosis

49) Which medical term means "removal of the thymus"?

A) Thymectomy

B) Thymoma

C) Thyrocele

D) Thyromegaly

E) Thyrotoxicosis

50) Which medical term means "incision into the thyroid"?

A) Thyrocele

B) Thyroiditis

C) Thyroidotomy

D) Thyromegaly

E) Thyroptosis

51) Translate the medical term hypoglycemic as literally as possible.

A) Condition of low blood sugar

B) Condition of low sugar

C) Disease with low blood count

D) Pertaining to low blood sugar

E) Pertaining to low sugar

52) Translate the medical term galactorrhea as literally as possible.

A) Milk blockage

B) Milk discharge

C) Milk enlargement

D) Milk hernia

E) Milk out

53) Translate the medical term thyroptosis as literally as possible.

A) Condition of the thyroid

B) Downward displacement (drooping) of the thyroid

C) Enlargement of the thyroid

D) Hernia of the thyroid

E) Tumor of the thyroid

54) Translate the medical term euglycemia as literally as possible.

A) Bad blood sugar

B) Bad sugar

C) Good blood sugar

D) Good sugar

55) Translate the medical term chloremia as literally as possible.

A) Excessive potassium in the blood

B) Excessive potassium in the urine

C) High blood sugar

D) Increased chloride in the blood

E) Increased chloride in the urine

56) Translate the medical term adrenomegaly as literally as possible.

A) Adrenal enlargement

B) Adrenal formation

C) Gland enlargement

D) Gland formation

E) Multiple glands

57) Translate the medical term glycopenia as literally as possible.

A) Breakdown of sugar

B) Deficiency of sugar

C) Formation of sugar

D) Hormone that stimulates the breakdown of sugar

E) Hormone that stimulates the formation of sugar

58) Translate the medical term adenocarcinoma as literally as possible.

A) "Adrenal cortex cancer tumor," cancerous tumor originating in the cortex of the adrenal gland

B) "Adrenal gland tumor," tumor of the adrenal gland

C) "Gland cancer tumor," cancerous tumor of a gland

D) "Gland disease"

E) "Gland tumor," tumor of a gland

59) Translate the medical term adrenal adenoma as literally as possible.

A) "Adrenal cortex cancer tumor," cancerous tumor originating in the cortex of the adrenal gland

B) "Adrenal gland tumor," tumor of the adrenal gland

C) "Gland cancer tumor," cancerous tumor of a gland

D) "Gland disease"

E) "Gland tumor," tumor of a gland

60) Translate the medical term hyperparathyroidism as literally as possible.

A) Overproduction by the parathyroid glands

B) Overproduction by the thyroid glands

C) Underproduction by the parathyroid glands

D) Underproduction by the thyroid glands

61) Translate the medical term insulinoma.

A) Hormone that stimulates the formation of insulin

B) Insulin condition

C) Insulin production (formation of insulin)

D) Overproduction of insulin

E) Tumor that secretes insulin

62) Translate the medical term adenopathy as literally as possible.

A) "Adrenal cortex cancer tumor," cancerous tumor originating in the cortex of the adrenal gland

B) "Adrenal gland tumor," tumor of the adrenal gland

C) "Gland cancer tumor," cancerous tumor of a gland

D) "Gland disease"

E) "Gland tumor," tumor of a gland

63) Translate the medical term pancreatolithectomy as literally as possible.

A) Incision into a stone in the pancreas

B) Incision into the pancreas

C) Removal of a stone in the pancreas

D) Removal of the pancreas

E) Stone in the pancreas

64) Translate the medical term thyroidotoxin as literally as possible.

A) "Thyroid death," a substance that kills the thyroid

B) "Thyroid degeneration," the slow degeneration of the thyroid gland

C) "Thyroid hormone formation," a substance that stimulates the thyroid to produce hormones

D) "Thyroid poison," a substance poisonous to the thyroid gland

E) "Thyroid stimulating hormone," a hormone that stimulates the thyroid

65) A male who is developing breast tissue is experiencing:

A) acromegaly.

B) adrenarche.

C) hypergonadism.

D) gynecomastia.

E) menarche.

66) Pituitary dwarfism and pituitary gigantism are both caused by improper secretions from the pituitary gland and primarily affect a person's:

A) blood sugar levels.

B) creation of ketone bodies.

C) development of sex organs.

D) weight.

E) height.

67) Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the medical term exophthalmos?

A) It breaks into ex (out) + ophthalmos (eye).

B) It is a condition related to the thyroid.

C) It is a condition where the pituitary gland causes excess secretions behind the eye, causing them to protrude out of the socket.

D) It refers to the protrusion of the eyes out of the eye socket.

E) None of these are true statements.

68) Which of the following pairs are NOT opposite conditions?

A) Acidemia, alkalemia

B) Calciuria, hypercalcemia

C) Endocrine, exocrine

D) Ketogenesis, ketolysis

E) Pituitary gigantism, pituitary dwarfism

69) What do the terms hypomagnesemia and hyperphosphatemia have in common?

A) They are both conditions caused by a lack or deficiency of a certain mineral in the blood.

B) They are both conditions caused by an excess of a certain mineral in the blood.

C) They both refer to the amount (either deficient or excessive) of a certain mineral in the blood.

D) They both refer to the amount (either deficient or excessive) of a certain mineral in the urine.

E) These terms have nothing in common.

70) Adrenaline and epinephrine are both:

A) hormones secreted by the adrenal gland.

B) hormones secreted by the pancreas.

C) hormones secreted by the pituitary gland.

D) hormones secreted by the thymus.

E) hormones secreted by the thyroid.

71) The hormone that is secreted by the pituitary gland and stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland is called:

A) ACTH.

B) adrenocorticotropic hormone.

C) corticotropin.

D) all of these.

E) none of these.

72) The glycemic index is:

A) a ranking of food based on the way it affects sugar levels in the blood.

B) a way to control the production of glucose in the body.

C) the breakdown of sugar by the body.

D) the way the body breaks down matter into energy.

E) none of these.

73) The combination of medical disorders associated with faulty metabolism is known as:

A) congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

B) diabetes mellitus.

C) dysmetabolic syndrome.

D) ketosis.

E) polyadenopathy.

74) A genetic disease in which the adrenal gland is overdeveloped, resulting in a deficiency of certain hormones and an overproduction of others, is called:

A) adrenal adenoma.

B) adrenal insufficiency.

C) adrenocorticohyperplasia.

D) congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

E) panhyperpituitarism.

75) A metabolic disease characterized by excessive urination and hyperglycemia is known as:

A) congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

B) diabetic ketoacidosis.

C) diabetes mellitus.

D) dysmetabolic syndrome.

E) insulinoma.

76) A pituitary infarction is:

A) a tumor on the pituitary gland.

B) the absence of the pituitary gland.

C) the death of the pituitary gland.

D) the malfunctioning of the pituitary gland.

E) the removal of the pituitary gland.

77) A ketogenic diet is a diet that:

A) aids in the production of ketones in the body, and is therefore a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet to force the body to burn fat instead of sugar.

B) aids in the production of ketones in the body, and is therefore a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet to force the body to burn sugar instead of fat.

C) prevents the body from producing too many ketones, and is therefore a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet to force the body to burn fat instead of sugar.

D) prevents the body from producing too many ketones, and is therefore a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet to force the body to burn sugar instead of fat.

78) A laparoscopic adrenalectomy is:

A) a procedure to look at the adrenal gland.

B) an incision into a gland by means of a laparoscope.

C) an incision into an adrenal gland by means of a laparoscope.

D) the removal of a gland by means of a laparoscope.

E) the removal of an adrenal gland by means of a laparoscope.

79) Which of the following roots does NOT refer to a gland of the endocrine system?

A) adren/o

B) gonad/o

C) ket/o

D) pancreat/o

E) thyroid/o

80) Which of the following is the best simplification (or easier to understand) of the endocrine system?

A) Cause (nutrient levels in the blood, excess hormones) and effect (the organs affected: hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, and gonads)

B) Receptors (basic organs like the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, and gonads), the information received (hormones), and the result (what is secreted by the organ once the information is received)

C) Signal senders (endocrine glands: hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, and gonads), the signals (hormones), and the signal's outcomes (adjusting levels of nutrients in the blood, assisting the body to respond to its environment, and directing growth and development)

D) None of these are accurate descriptions of the endocrine system

81) Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the abbreviation TFT?

A) It is a part of the treatment and therapies that assist in getting a patient euthyroid.

B) It is a test performed to evaluate the function of the thyroid.

C) It stands for thyroid function test.

D) All of these.

E) None of these.

82) Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the abbreviation ERCP?

A) endo (inside) + scop (looking) +ic (pertaining to) + retro (backward) + grade (step) + chol (bile) + angio (vessel) + pancreato (pancreas) + graphy (writing procedure) = endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

B) endo (inside) + scop (writing) +ic (pertaining to) + retro (backward) + grade (step) + chol (bile) + angio (vessel) + pancreato (pancreas) + graphy (looking procedure) = endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

C) endo (outside) + scop (writing) +ic (pertaining to) + retro (backward) + grade (step) + chol (bile) + angio (vessel) + pituitaro (pituitary gland) + graphy (looking procedure) = endoscopic retrograde cholangiopituitarography

D) endo (inside) + scop (looking) +ic (pertaining to) + retro (backward) + grade (step) + chol (bile) + angio (vessel) + pituitaro (pituitary gland) + graphy (writing procedure) = endoscopic retrograde cholangiopituitarography.

83) Which of the following abbreviations does NOT refer to a type of diabetes?

A) CGM

B) DI

C) DM

D) GDM

84) Which of the following abbreviations is NOT a type of test?

A) GTT

B) HgA1C

C) HRT

D) TFT

85) Which of the following abbreviations is NOT a hormone?

A) ACTH

B) GH

C) HgA1C

D) T3

E) TSH

86) The abbreviations BS and FBS both have to do with:

A) blood sugar.

B) bithyroid substances.

C) bodily secretions.

D) subinsulin.

E) sucrose byproducts.

87) Read the patient's health information (below): 

Mrs. Moon returned to the clinic today to discuss her blood tests. She first came to the office with a chief complaint of amenorrhea. She had also noticed a hump developing on the back of her neck, recent weight gain, and hirsutism.

Which of the following is an accurate interpretation of the patient's health information?

A) Mrs. Moon first came to the clinic with a chief complaint of a lack of a menstrual flow and an excessive growth of facial and body hair.

B) Mrs. Moon first came to the clinic with a chief complaint of an excessive development of breast tissue and a goiter.

C) Mrs. Moon first came to the clinic with a chief complaint of an excessive menstrual flow and an excessive growth of facial and body hair.

D) Mrs. Moon first came to the clinic with a chief complaint of an excessive secretion of the sex glands and a goiter.

E) Mrs. Moon first came to the clinic with a chief complaint of the beginning of breast development, the beginning of menstruation, and a goiter.

88) Read the patient's health information (below): 

Temp: 98.6; HR: 70; RR: 16; BP: 150/94. 

Gen: WDWN, NAD. AOx3. 

HEENT: NCAT. PERRLA. White sclera. No conjunctival injection. Mucous membranes moist and pink. Normal dentition. 

Neck: Supple. No LAD. Enlarged fat pad over extensor surface of neck. 

Resp: CTA without wheezes, rales, or rhonchi. 

CV: RRR without murmurs, gallops, or rubs; radial pulse 21. 

Abd: Soft, nontender, nondistended. No masses. Striae over abdomen. 

Neuro: CN II-XII grossly intact. No focal neurologic deficit. 

Ext: Feet pink and warm. No cyanosis, clubbing, or edema. 

Skin: Mild increase hair growth over lip and chin. 

Tests revealed low ACTH, increased cortisol, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia. 

Which of the following is an accurate interpretation of the patient's health information?

A) Tests revealed low adrenalin, cortisol, thyroxin, hemoglobin, fat, and sugar in her blood.

B) Tests reveal low adrenocoricothyrotoxins, increased cortisol, and excessive fat and sugar in the blood.

C) Tests revealed low adrenocorticotropic hormone, and excessive fat and sugar in the blood.

D) Tests revealed low growth hormones, but increased fat, calcium, and sugar in her blood.

E) Tests revealed low thyroid function due to a deficiency of fat and sugar in her blood.

89) Read the endocrinology clinic note (below): 

Mrs. Moon has glucocorticoid excess (specifically cortisol). The differential diagnosis at this point includes adrenocorticohyperplasia and an adrenal adenoma. 

Which of the following statements is a correct interpretation of the information found in the note?

A) Mrs. Moon's body is not producing enough cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex with a role in carbohydrate metabolism. The author of this clinic note believes this is caused by a cancerous tumor originating in the cortex of the adrenal gland.

B) Mrs. Moon's body is not producing enough cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex with a role in carbohydrate metabolism. The author of this clinic note believes this is caused by either an inflammation of the adrenal gland or an overdevelopment of the cortex of the adrenal gland.

C) Mrs. Moon's body is producing too much cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex with a role in carbohydrate metabolism. The author of this clinic note believes this is caused by either a tumor of the adrenal gland or a condition in which the adrenal glands underproduce necessary hormones.

D) Mrs. Moon's body is producing too much cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex with a role in carbohydrate metabolism. The author of this clinic note believes this is caused by either a tumor of the adrenal gland or an inflammation of the adrenal glands.

E) Mrs. Moon's body is producing too much cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex with a role in carbohydrate metabolism. The author of this clinic note believes this is caused by either a tumor of the adrenal gland or an overdevelopment of the cortex of the adrenal gland.

90) Read the excerpt from Miss Sweet's health record (below): 

History of Present Illness: 

Miss Sweet is a 13-year-old female who presented to the ED with a several-hour history of vomiting. She awoke this morning with abdominal pain, which progressed to vomiting. She has not had any fever. She has not been able to keep any food or liquid down, and when she began to look tired, Miss Sweet's parents brought her to the Emergency Department. 

Per Miss Sweet's parents, she has had a two-month history of polydipsia, polyuria, and polyphagia. Despite a recent increase in appetite, they have noticed that she has lost weight.

Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the information available on her health record?

A) The patient has blood in her urine.

B) The patient has difficulty urinating.

C) The patient has hirsutism.

D) The patient has lost her appetite and is losing weight.

E) The patient is eating, drinking, and urinating a lot.

91) Read the following information found on the patient's health record: 

Past Medical History: Normal. She has not had menarche. 

Medications: None. 

Allergies: NKDA. 

Social History: Lives with her parents and two siblings. A/B student on the honor roll. 

Surgical History: None. 

Family History: Mother: Rheumatoid arthritis; maternal aunt: IDDM.  

According to the patient's health record, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) The patient has irregular menstrual cycles.

B) The patient has RA.

C) The patient is allergic to penicillin.

D) The patient is an older woman with two children.

E) The patient's aunt has Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes.

92) Read this excerpt from a patient's physical exam: 

Physical Exam: 

Temperature: 98.6; Heart Rate: 100; Respiratory Rate: 32; BP: 84/60. 

General: Thin. Lethargic. 

Head: Normocephalic atraumatic, very dry mucous membranes. Ketotic breath. Pupils equal, round, and reactive to light. TMs normal. 

Neck: Supple. 

Cardiovascular: Mild tachycardia. No murmur, gallop, or rub. 

Respiratory: Deep, rapid breathing. Clear to auscultation. No retractions. 

Abdomen: Soft, nontender, nondistended. Spleen and liver edge not palpable. 

Neurologic: DTRs: patellar and brachial present and equal. 

Skin: Dry. Cap refill > 3 seconds. 

Extremities: No cyanosis, clubbing, or edema. 

Which statement is a correct reflection of the physical exam?

A) The patient is afebrile, has a fast heart and respiratory rate, fruity-smelling breath, and PERRLA.

B) The patient is afebrile, has a normal heart and respiratory rate, PERRLA, and therefore looks healthy.

C) The patient is febrile, has a fast heart and respiratory rate, and her eyes are not reacting to light.

D) The patient is febrile, has a normal heart rate and respiratory rate, and is overweight.

93) Read the health record excerpt below: 

Emergency Department Course: 

Miss Sweet arrived in the ED lethargic but responsive. Given her history and vomiting, we were concerned about diabetic ketoacidosis. The patient's finger stick blood sugar test result of 320 confirmed hyperglycemia, and a urinalysis revealed both glucosuria and ketonuria. An IV was started and labs were sent. Chemistry profile showed hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and acidemia. The pediatric intensive care team was contacted for transfer to the PICU. 

Which of the following conditions was NOT noted on the patient's chemistry profile?

A) Abnormal blood acidity

B) Deficient potassium levels in the blood

C) Excessive calcium in the blood

D) Excessive salt in the blood

94) Read the following Emergency Department Course: 

Emergency Department Course: 

Miss Sweet arrived in the ED lethargic but responsive. Given her history and vomiting, we were concerned about diabetic ketoacidosis. The patient's finger stick blood sugar test result of 320 confirmed hyperglycemia, and a urinalysis revealed both glucosuria and ketonuria. An IV was started and labs were sent. Chemistry profile showed hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and acidemia. The pediatric intensive care team was contacted for transfer to the PICU. 

According to the Emergency Department Course, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A) The ED was concerned that Miss Sweet's body was unable to burn sugar and was therefore producing ketone bodies and causing an acidic condition of the blood.

B) The patient had calcium in her urine.

C) The patient had ketone bodies in her urine.

D) The patient has sugar in her urine.

E) The patient's blood sugar was high.

95) Read the following excerpt from a Surgery Follow-Up note: 

Subjective 

Mr. Shield presented to our office today for follow-up from his thyroidectomy. He initially presented to his primary care physician with concerns over a goiter. His PCP noticed mild exophthalmos and an enlarged thyroid with palpable nodules. He had thyroid scintigraphy and TFTs that both revealed active nodules. After discussion with Dr. Sharp during a consultation, Mr. Shield elected for surgical correction. Dr. Sharp performed a thyroidectomy 2 weeks ago. Mr. Shield had postoperative hypocalcemia but otherwise had an unremarkable hospital stay. Since discharge, Mr. Shield has done very well.  

According to the note, which of the following states is NOT true?

A) After surgery the patient had low calcium levels in his blood.

B) Mr. Shield has excessive calcium in his urine.

C) Mr. Shield presented to his PCP with a swollen thyroid gland.

D) The patient had his thyroid removed.

E) The thyroid function tests revealed active nodules.

96) Read the following excerpt from a patient's health record: 

Objective 

Temp: 98.6; HR 60; RR: 16; BP 102/62; Wt: 176. 

General: No acute distress. Alert and oriented. 

HEENT: PERRLA. No conjunctival injection. Mucous membranes moist and pink. TMs normal. 

Neck: Postop incision site is clean, dry and intact. No erythema induration or discharge. No goiter. 

Resp: CTA. w/o wheezes, rales, or rhonchi. 

CV: RRR without murmur. 

Gen: Soft, nontender, nondistended. 

Ext: No c/c/e. Labs: Mildly elevated TSH and low T4. Calcium-normal. 

According to the patient's labs, he has:

A) mildly elevated triiodothyronine and low thyroxin.

B) mildly elevated thyrotropin and low triiodothyronine.

C) mildly elevated thyrotropin and low thyroxin.

D) mildly elevated thyroxin and low triiodothyronine.

E) mildly elevated thyroxin and low thyrotropin.

97) Read the information in the surgery follow-up note below: 

Impression/Plan 

Mr. Shield's thyroid labs are still not where I want them to be. We will increase his medicine to help get him euthyroid. 

No lasting hypoparathyroidism from the surgery. Return for follow-up visit including labs in 1 month. 

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the information in the note?

A) The author of the follow-up note is satisfied that the patient has euthyroid and will not need additional labs.

B) The patient will continue to take medication to reach normal thyroid function.

C) The patient will f/u in 1 month.

D) The patient will have to wait until the labs return before he can have surgery.

E) The surgery caused the patient's parathyroid to overproduce.

98) Gonads produce the following hormones in males and females, respectively?

A) estrogen, testosterone

B) testosterone, estrogen

C) ACTH

D) TSH

99) Greek word for flesh?

A) pan

B) kreas

C) duct

D) None of these

100) What is a type of sugar?

A) glucose

B) fructose

C) sucrose

D) All of these

101) What is thelarche?

A) puberty

B) milk

C) breast development

D) None of the above