Ch9 Gender-Based Violence Exam Prep

Chapter 9 Test Bank Questions

Long Answer

1. Define the term “intimate partner violence.” Why is this form of interpersonal violence the most commonplace globally? (Answer on pp. 262-263)

2. Why must we today redefine the notion that gender-based violence is solely directed toward women? What other factors must be incorporated into our current definition of gender-based violence that expands beyond the traditional gender binary? (Answer on pp. 258-261)

3. Where do scholars derive their data related to intimate partner violence? (Answer on pp. 265-266)

4. While intimate partner violence occurs across all socio-economic, racial, ethnic, gender identity, sexual orientation, and other lines, explain why some American scholarly studies demonstrate that African Americans, Latinx, and Native American couples report greater frequencies of intimate partner violence than their white counterparts? (Answer on pp. 268-269)

5. What are the requirements that campuses must achieve under Title IX? (Answer on p. 276)

6. What is the historical origin of the Take Back the Night marches? Why are these marches still popular on college campuses? (Answer on pp. 281-282)

7. Explain why hate crimes against LGBT people are classified as gender-based violence that damages their communities? (Answer on p. 287)

8. Why are rape shield laws important in the successful prosecution of rape cases? Why do exceptions in rape shield laws jeopardize survivors’ lives? (Answer on p. 283)

9. How does anthropologist Peggy Reeves Sanday define “rape prone” cultures? Why does she contend that culture exerts a powerful influence in the manifestation of male sexual violence? (Answer on p. 279)

10. How is the work of early feminist activism and scholarship against sexual violence still vital today? (Answer on pp. 270-271)

Short Answer

1. What factor represents a more important risk factor than patriarchal beliefs for men and women in intimate partner violence? (Answer on pp. 267)

2. What do most studies indicate regarding bidirectional violence in the U.S. and other Western nations? (Answer on p. 265)

3. What is the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA)? Explain the social, economic, and political issues that frame the debate about the effectiveness of this historic legislation? (Answer on pp. 271-272)

4. Why does it remain a challenge to provide a universal legal definition of rape in the United States that encompass both the federal government, the 50 states, and the five territories? (Answer on p. 274)

5. Why do anti-rape advocates in their public campaigns for confronting and ending sexual violence focus on the perpetrators of sexual violence? (Answer on p. 280)

6. How is the term “hate crime” defined? What key factor(s) cause people to commit hate crimes against the LGBT communities? (Answer on p. 287)

7. What important factor(s) increase the likelihood and duration of stalking? (Answer on p. 289)

8. Explain what constitutes textual harassment. Why does it remain more common among teenagers in violent dating relationships? (Answer on p. 289)

9. Why do many people believe that it is rare for a man to be sexually assaulted by a woman? (Answer on p. 278)

10. Define the term hypermasculinity. (Answer on p. 274)

Multiple Choice Questions

1. When did Susan Brownmiller write the book Against Our Will: Men, Women, and Rape? (D is correct. Answer on p. 281)

a. 1980

b. 1969

c. 1972

d. 1975

e. 1967

2. Which was the first U.S. state to establish a law known as “yes means yes” legislation concerning sexual assaults on its college campuses? (Answer is B, See pp. 277-278)

a. Washington

b. California

c. Maryland

d. Oregon

e. Connecticut

3. How many requirements must schools meet under Title IX when they find sexual assault has happened on their campuses? (B is correct. Answer on p. 276)

a. 3

b. 5

c. 2

d. 4

e. 6

4. Identify the person who this comment: “[A]cross nations, states and cultures, women’s empowerment is associated with lower victimization rates from their partners?” (C is correct. Answer on p. 263)

a. Jennifer Langhinrichsen-Rohling

b. Sarah Desmarais

c. John Archer

d. Patricia Tjaden

e. Nancy Thoennes

5. Which state was the last one to end the proviso that statutory rape was not “real rape” if the female victim was “unchaste”? (E is correct. Answer on p. 283)

a. South Carolina

b. Utah

c. Alabama

d. Arkansas

e. Mississippi

6. Where was the first bilingual rape hotline founded in 1976? (B is correct. Answer on p. 282)

a. The Bronx

b. East Los Angeles

c. Little Havana in Miami

d. Southside Chicago

e. Mexicantown in Detroit

7. When did the U.S. Congress first pass the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA)? (D is correct. Answer on p. 272)

a. 1990

b. 2000

c. 2001

d. 1994

e. 1996

8. Where did the case of Margaux J. occur? (A is correct. Answer on p. 276)

a. Indiana University

b. Swarthmore College

c. University of Minnesota

d. Marquette University

e. Kent State University

9. What year was the Jeanne Clery Act signed into law? (E is correct. Answer on p. 276)

a. 1989

b. 1991

c. 1986

d. 1993

e. 1990

10. When did U.S. jurisdictions begin to recognize rape within marriage? (C is correct. Answer on p. 283)

a. 2000s

b. 1970s

c. 1980s

d. 1960s

e. 1990s

11. What year did Nepal’s Supreme Court granted the same legal rights to gay and intersex people as afforded to other citizens of Nepal? (D is correct. Answer on p. 286)

a. 2003

b. 2001

c. 2010

d. 2007

e. 2012

12. When was the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act passed? (B is correct. Answer on p. 287)

a. 2011

b. 2009

c. 2006

d. 2013

e. 2007

13. Who made the observation that many teens have difficulty recognizing textual harassment as abusive? (E is correct. Answer on p. 289)

a. Alan Felthouse

b. Lawrence Miller

c. Gregory Herek

d. Estelle Freedman

e. Donna St. George

14. Which country established women’s police stations to help increase reporting of crimes against women and children and a better conviction rate? (C is correct. Answer on p. 264)

a. Canada

b. Jamaica

c. India

d. Portugal

e. Singapore

15. Who argued that hate crimes against the transgendered “evoke a sense of fear that percolates throughout the transgender community, encouraging transgender people to renounce open expression of their gender identity lest they face similar violence?” (A is correct. Answer on p. 287)

a. Tarynn Witten

b. Kimberly Mitchell

c. Michelle Ybarra

d. Paul Miller

e. Lisa Bunting

16. According to a World Health Organization study in 2013, what percentage of women globally reported having experienced intimate partner violence? (B is correct. Answer on p. 263)

a. 79%

b. 37%

c. 30%

d. 89%

e. 25%

17. Which African American female writer called for an end to racism in the antiviolence movement? (E is correct. Answer on p. 282)

a. Suzan-Lori Parks

b. Michelle Cliff

c. Terry McMillian

d. Gloria Naylor

e. Alice Walker

18. What is the most common form of intimate partner violence? (B is correct. Answer on p. 267)

a. Violent Resistance

b. Situational Couple Violence

c. Emotional abuse

d. Stalking

e. Controlling behaviors

19. Which one of the following researchers spent a year observing students in a California high school for a study on hypermasculine behavior? (A is correct. Answer on p. 281)

a. C. J. Pascoe

b. Stephen Humphrey

c. Arnold Kahn

d. M. J. Anderson

e. David Lisak

20. By 1976, how many rape crisis hotline opened in the United States? (A is correct. Answer on p. 282)

a. 400

b. 299

c. 350

d. 375

e. 420

21. Which one of the following nations has recently outlawed “gay propaganda,” including parades, newspapers, magazines, literature, and other media? (C is correct. Answer on p 286)

a. Uruguay

b. Argentina

c. Russia

d. South Africa

e. Botswana

22. By what year all 50 U.S. states and the federal government outlawed stalking? (E is correct. Answer on p. 289)

a. 1999

b. 1994

c. 2003

d. 1996

e. 2000

23. Which group in 1973 created a rape task force to advocate for changes in state rape laws? (B is correct. Answer on p. 282)

a. National Black Feminist Organization

b. National Organization for Women

c. Women’s Action Alliance

d. Chicago Women’s Liberation Union

e. National Women’s Political Caucus

24. What year was the reauthorization of the Violence Against Women Act? (D is correct. Answer on p. 272)

a. 2006

b. 2010

c. 2012

d. 2013

e. 2015

25. Which one of the following U.S. states in 1991 still allowed defendants to use the fact of marriage to the victim as an unequivocal defense against rape charges? (A is correct. Answer on p. 283)

a. Oklahoma

b. New Mexico

c. Utah

d. Vermont

e. North Dakota

True or False Questions

1. Most scholarly research points out that all male fraternities and sports teams are at high risk for committing sexual violence. (False. Answer on p. 281)

2. By 2018, thirty U.S. states implemented laws that address hate crimes based on sexual orientation or sexual orientation and gender identity. (True. Answer on p. 287)

3. Most female stalkers prefer to stalk former partners or family members (male or female). (False. Answer on p. 289)

4. Psychologist Martin Lalumière and others concluded that rape was not universal across societies, and its frequency did not vary too much. (False. Answer on p. 272)

5. The artist Tatyana Fazlalizadeh designed the art series “Stop Telling Women to Smile” which centers on real women in public spaces where sexual harassment happens. (True. Answer on p. 288)

6. Most rapes are interracial, involving two people of different races. (False. Answer on p. 273)

7. Most stalkers are physically violent. (False. Answer on p. 289)

8. While falsely accusing someone of rape is a serious issue, research demonstrates that it is not a prevalent problem. (True. Answer on p. 275)

9. The early activism and scholarship of feminists on rape concentrated mostly on unidirectional violence. (True. Answer on p. 270)

10. Family conflict studies use a tool called the Family Conflict Tactics Scale (FCTS) to measure intimate partner violence. (True. Answer on p. 266)