Ch8 Test Questions & Answers Flowers, Fruits, And Seeds

Stern's Introductory Plant Biology, 14e (Bidlack)

Chapter 8 Flowers, Fruits, and Seeds

1) Flowering plants that complete their life cycles in a single season are called

A) perennials.

B) biennials.

C) monoseasonals.

D) annuals.

E) accelerophytons.

2) In which of the following habitats are flowering plants known to occur?

A) dangling from other plants.

B) fresh water

C) underground

D) rock crevices

E) All of these answers are correct.

3) A plant that requires two growing seasons to complete its life cycle is a(an)

A) annual.

B) perennial.

C) biennial.

D) hypogeal.

E) composite.

4) The largest known flower in the world is the ________.

A) duckweed flower

B) Rafflesia flower

C) sunflower

D) corpse flower

E) American lotus flower

5) Most grasses, trees and "weeds" are flowering plants that produce ________ flowers.

A) large, conspicuous

B) colorful

C) fragrant

D) small, inconspicuous

E) few

6) Which of the following is NOT a feature of monocots?

A) scattered vascular bundles

B) flower parts in multiples of three

C) cambiums absent

D) leaves with more or less parallel veins

E) pollen grains mostly with three apertures

7) Dicots are now classified in the class ________. The common name refers to the production of ________ seed leaves.

A) Monocotyledonae; one

B) Dicotyledonae; one

C) Magnoliopsida; two

D) Liliopsida; two

E) Liliopsida; one

8) Most monocots are ________.

A) woody trees

B) herbaceous

C) small shrubs

D) found in aquatic habitats

E) not valuable to feed, clothe or provide materials for people.

9) Which of the following characteristics can be used to identify dicots?

A) flower parts in groups of four, five or multiples of four or five

B) flower parts in groups of three or multiples of three

C) presence of pith in the center of the root

D) long slender leaves with parallel veins

E) lack of pith in the center of the stem

10) The part of a flower that frequently functions in protecting unopened flower buds is called the

A) corolla.

B) calyx.

C) filament.

D) peduncle.

E) style.

11) The pistil of a flower

A) usually contains at least one ovule.

B) is always surrounded by petals.

C) produces pollen grains.

D) is always composed of a single carpel.

E) is a part of a peduncle.

12) Which of the following is usually missing in wind-pollinated plants?

A) calyx

B) corolla

C) stamens

D) pistil

E) leaves

13) Each flower develops from a

A) primordium.

B) peduncle.

C) calyx.

D) pedicel.

E) filament.

14) When the calyx, corolla, and stamens of a flower are attached at the top of the ovary, the ovary is said to be

A) superior.

B) inflated.

C) inferior.

D) half-inferior.

E) wanting.

15) The parts of a flower that eventually become seeds are

A) ovaries.

B) styles.

C) stigmas.

D) ovules.

E) peduncles.

16) Which of the following is a cluster of flowers in which each flower is produced on its own pedicel?

A) inflorescence

B) pedunculate cluster

C) axillary protuberance

D) reproductive protrusion

E) None of these answers are correct.

17) The pistil is made of three regions: the ________, the ________, and the ________.

A) stamen; filament; anther

B) calyx; sepals; petals

C) ovule; pedicel; peduncle

D) rachis; peduncle; petiole

E) stigma; style; ovary

18) The part of the flower in which ovules are produced is the

A) stigma.

B) stamen.

C) carpel.

D) calyx.

E) style.

19) The floral parts are attached to an apical portion of the flowering stem called the

A) carpel.

B) receptacle.

C) stamen.

D) corolla.

E) inflorescence.

20) Pollen is produced in and released from the

A) style.

B) carpel.

C) filament

D) anther.

E) stigma.

21) An example of an aggregate fruit would be the

A) apple.

B) strawberry.

C) sunflower.

D) peach.

E) plum.

22) The fleshy edible part of the strawberry is actually the

A) compound carpel.

B) multiple achenes.

C) pericarp.

D) fleshy petals.

E) receptacle.

23) Which of the following groups of fruits would botanically be classified as nuts?

A) almonds, walnuts

B) coconuts, cashews

C) peanuts, pistachios

D) brazil nuts, pecans

E) acorns, hazelnuts

24) Which of the following fruits is derived from a simple flower having more than one pistil?

A) pome

B) pepo

C) multiple fruit

D) drupe

E) aggregate fruit

25) Which of the following groups of plants produce siliques or silicles for fruits?

A) milkweeds, magnolias

B) cabbage, broccoli, radishes

C) lilies, irises

D) peanuts, peas, beans

E) coconut palms, walnut trees

26) Which of the following groups of fruits would be classified botanically as true berries?

A) strawberries, raspberries

B) apples, pears

C) tomatoes, grapes

D) olives, coconuts

E) oranges, limes

27) Seedless fruits that develop without fertilization occurring

A) are said to be apomictic.

B) do not have a mesocarp.

C) are always stimulated to develop by the application of dilute hormone sprays.

D) are said to be parthenocarpic.

E) develop only from a receptacle.

28) Most of the flesh of pomes comes from

A) enlarged stamen bases.

B) the ovary.

C) the receptacle and/or the floral tube.

D) the peduncle.

E) the petal bases.

29) Which of the following groups of fruits is representative of drupes?

A) oranges, lemons, limes

B) strawberries, blackberries, raspberries

C) apples, pears, quinces

D) pineapples, mulberries, figs

E) plums, apricots, coconuts

30) Which of the following types of fruit do not split at maturity?

A) samaras

B) legumes

C) follicles

D) siliques

E) capsules

31) The skin of most fruits is technically the

A) endocarp.

B) pericarp.

C) exocarp.

D) mesocarp.

E) dermocarp.

32) A berry with a leathery skin containing oils is called a

A) drupe.

B) hesperidium.

C) pepo.

D) pome.

E) true berry.

33) Multiple fruits, such as ________, develop from an inflorescence of two or more flowers.

A) apple

B) pepos

C) pineapple

D) samaras

E) achenes

34) Modifications of fruits or seeds that do NOT adapt them for dispersal by either wind or water include

A) tiny seeds that are light in weight.

B) parachutelike plumes.

C) an inflated sac around the seed.

D) pockets of air beneath the surface of the seed coat.

E) a mechanism that squirts seeds from one end of a melonlike fruit.

35) Which fruit or seed is dispersed by the wind?

A) maple

B) milkweed

C) dandelion

D) ash

E) All of these answers are correct.

36) The growth of a seed embryo without any dormancy is known as

A) apomixis.

B) parthenocarpy.

C) vivipary.

D) stratification.

E) after-ripening.

37) Cocklebur is a dry fruit that has small hooks on its surface. This suggests that cocklebur is dispersed by

A) birds or mammals eating the fruit and defecating the seeds at another location.

B) hooking in the fur, feathers, or clothing and being brushed off at another location.

C) floating in a lake or river until being deposited on a distant shore.

D) wind.

E) high pressure expulsion of the seeds from within the fruit.

38) In a young seedling the part of the stem below the cotyledons is called the

A) epicotyl.

B) hypocotyl.

C) plumule.

D) radicle.

E) coleoptile.

39) Viability (retention of capacity to germinate) of seeds may often be extended by which of the following?

A) low humidity

B) higher temperatures

C) high oxygen

D) lack of oxygen

E) high carbon dioxide

40) Some seeds require that the seed coat be partially digested or decayed before germination will occur. This process of altering the seed coat to permit germination is called

A) lignification.

B) scarification.

C) stratification.

D) senescence.

E) cracking.

41) When moisture enters a seed, a physical process called ________ causes the tissues to swell with tremendous expansion forces.

A) vivipary

B) imbibition

C) dehiscence

D) dehydration

E) osmosis

42) The stem growing tip is nestled within the cotyledons and is pulled through the soil in a germinating bean seed (dicot) whereas the coleoptile surrounds the growing tip in germinating corn (monocot) seeds. Both strategies protect the delicate growing tip.

43) The life cycle of flowering plants begins with seed germination and ends with a mature plant producing new seeds.

44) Biennials are plants that complete their life cycles twice in one year.

45) Most wind-pollinated flowers lack corollas.

46) The pericarp is the single layer of tissue closest to the seed.

47) Accessory fruits are little fruits that develop around a larger fruit.

48) Follicles, legumes, and capsules all split at maturity.

49) In mature monocot and dicot seeds, the food-storing tissue is the endosperm.

50) After-ripening is a process of embryo development in a seed.

51) The dormancy of some seeds may be broken by placing them in a refrigerator for a few weeks.

52) Water-dispersed fruits often have pericarps that absorb water very slowly.

53) The hilum on a bean seed marks the spot where a radicle will emerge.

54) Seeds germinate immediately after dormancy is removed regardless of temperature, the light environment, or the exclusion of oxygen.

55) Dormancy may be caused by a strong, impervious seed coat, the presence of an inhibitor, or the lack of a germination promoter.

56) Humidity changes play an important role in the dispersal of some seeds and fruits.

57) All legumes release their seeds through an active splitting action.

58) Of the two classes of flowering plants, monocots are the most common, comprising approximately 75% of all known flowering plants.

59) The organization of the flower and pollination of the flower is based on seed/fruit dispersal mechanism.