Test Bank

Chapter 8: Emotional behaviours

Multiple Choice

1. Emotions ______.

a. involve patterns of physiological responses

b. include subjective feelings but not behaviours

c. have no consequences for survival

2. Which of the following is not associated with fear responses?

a. tears

b. dry mouth

c. diarrhoea

3. James-Lange theory is characterised by the statement ______.

a. ‘the man runs away because he is scared of the bear’

b. ‘the man runs away and then realises he is scared of the bear’

c. ‘the man is scared because he runs away from the bear’

4. In Cannon–Bard theory, ______.

a. emotional responses precede the subjective feeling

b. emotional responses and subjective feelings are triggered at the same time

c. emotional responses follow the subjective feeling

5. Cannon argued that James–Lange theory cannot be TRUE because ______.

a. damage to the spinal cord impairs emotional experience

b. we are not always aware of the emotional responses

c. stimulation of the peripheral response does not elicit an emotional feeling

6. Which of the following theories proposes that emotions are characterised by specific patterns of emotional responses?

a. James–Lange Theory

b. Cannon–Bard Theory

c. Schachter–Singer Theory

7. Injection of adrenaline to stimulate emotional responses ______.

a. induces a subjective emotion

b. strengthens the intensity of an existing subjective emotion

c. has no effect on emotional feelings

8. According to the Schachter–Singer theory, ______.

a. cognitive context is sufficient to induce an emotional feeling

b. emotional responses label a situation as being emotional

c. the cognitive context labels emotional responses as being related to a particular emotion

9. The Kluver-Bucy syndrome results from removal of the ______.

a. occipital lobe

b. temporal lobe

c. frontal lobe

10. Which of the following areas is not part of the limbic system?

a. thalamus

b. amygdala

c. cingulate cortex

11. Lesions to which of the following areas does not disrupt fear conditioning in rats?

a. amygdala

b. auditory thalamus

c. auditory cortex

12. The amygdala is involved in ______.

a. only fear memories

b. pavlovian memories

c. pavlovian and declarative memories

13. Damage to the amygdala produces ______.

a. reduced fear

b. rage

c. risk taking

14. The periacqueductal grey ______.

a. receives projections from the amygdala

b. is inhibited by amygdala activity

c. reliably produces freezing when stimulated

15. The prefrontal cortex ______.

a. does not communicate with the amygdala

b. activates the amygdala

c. inhibits the amygdala

16. The prefrontal cortex ______.

a. is specialised for the emotion of anger

b. is specialised for inhibiting fear

c. is involved in more than one emotion

17. The condition in which patients cannot voluntarily move their facial muscles is called ______.

a. muscular facial paresis

b. volitional facial paresis

c. emotional facial paresis

18. Emotional facial expressions have a biological basis because ______.

a. they are evident from birth

b. they are the same throughout life

c. they are learned equally by all people

Short Answer Questions

1. Why is it important to consider peripheral biological responses in the understanding of emotion?

2. What role does the amygdala play in emotion?

3. Discuss the importance of evolutionary and biological factors in emotional facial expressions.

4. Critically evaluate the hypothesis that information is processed in a serial manner within the amygdala.

5. What is the contribution of the medial prefrontal cortex to fear?