Ch6 Test Bank The Media Truth, Power, And American Democracy - Test Bank | American Gov Brief Ed. 1e by Scott F. Abernathy by Scott F. Abernathy. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 6: The Media: Truth, Power, and American Democracy
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. Americans are increasingly getting their political information through the filter of ______.
a. family, friends, and acquaintances who influence our lives
b. all of the media outlets that inform us of political issues
c. school and church sources that indoctrinate us on American values
d. politicians and their personal campaign outreaches
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. The collective group of news providers that people increasingly depend upon is called ______ media.
a. mass
b. social
c. news
d. radical
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. Americans are simultaneously witnessing a major ______ in daily newspaper readership and a ______ in social media, political talk shows, and the use of “celebrity” news sources.
a. rise; decline
b. rise; rise
c. decline; decline
d. decline; rise
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. Which of the following are all valid themes of today’s media?
a. technology, dramatic change, and partisan politics
b. communal ownership, biased stories, and a lack of objectivity
c. capitalistic ownership, freedom from bias, and objectivity
d. relative stability, partisan-free politics, and bias-free reporting
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Hard
5. Which of the following best presents the central question that underlies changes in today’s media?
a. How reliable and trustworthy are those who report the news?
b. Where does today’s news originate, and how is it reported?
c. How effective are the news media in shaping Americans political understandings?
d. How does the idea of biased news sources impact the reporting of today’s news?
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. Forms of electronic communications that enable users to create and share content or to participate in social networking are called ______.
a. weblogs
b. social media
c. vlogs
d. internet sites
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. Nonprofessionals who cover events by filming them on cell phones or providing commentaries and analysis are called ______.
a. web masters
b. internet journalists
c. social media gurus
d. citizen journalists
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. While citizen journalists may operate in a variety of contexts, one of the most extreme is ______.
a. foreign affairs and regime change
b. combat and military operations abroad
c. domestic protests and political activities
d. local news events and information
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Hard
9. The connection between the nation’s media and American politics has been shaped by which of the following?
a. tradition, politics, capitalism, and the need to preserve national security
b. technology, politics, the rights of a free press, and the need to preserve national security
c. politics, the rights of a free press, and the need to preserve national security
d. the rights of a free press, capitalism, and the tradition of printed media
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. The earliest printed news material in America was the ______.
a. gazette
b. newspaper
c. pamphlet
d. almanac
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. A major limiting factor of early newspaper readership was the ______.
a. overall lack of literacy
b. public disinterest in political information
c. cost of a newspaper
d. intense amount of competing media
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
12. The main consumers of early newspapers were the ______.
a. uneducated masses
b. middle class
c. financial and political elite
d. literate lower class
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. By taking political positions and supporting candidates and parties, early newspapers were acting as a ______.
a. political elite
b. partisan press
c. penny press
d. mass media
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
14. The press played a pivotal role in the ratification debates of the U.S. Constitution through the publication of ______.
a. the Federalist Papers and Anti-Federalist Essays
b. Common Sense
c. the Bill of Rights
d. the Declaration of Independence
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Easy
15. On August 20, 1787, Charles Pinckney from South Carolina proposed the inclusion of which of the following guarantees to the Constitution?
a. Freedom of Assembly
b. Freedom of Religion
c. Freedom of Armament
d. Freedom of the Press
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Easy
16. Early newspapers were nicknamed the ______ press.
a. partisan
b. yellow
c. penny
d. people’s
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
17. Sources of information that appeal to a wide audience, including newspapers, radio, television, and internet outlets, are known as ______ media.
a. news
b. mass
c. broadcast
d. public
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
18. The news “bosses” of the penny press were the ______.
a. industrialist publishers
b. wealthy elite
c. parties and candidates
d. public
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
19. The use of sensational headlines, cartoons, graphics, and emotional language in order to influence public opinion is known as ______ journalism.
a. yellow
b. investigative
c. partisan
d. biased
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
20. William Randolph Hearst used yellow journalism in his publication, The New York Journal, to promote the ______.
a. World War I
b. Mexican American War
c. Spanish American War
d. Vietnam War
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
21. Which of the following technologies first allowed the instantaneous transmission of news over long distances in the mid to late 19th century?
a. telegraph
b. telephone
c. internet
d. Pony Express
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Easy
22. The Associated Press took advantage of telegraph technology to create the world’s first ______.
a. mass media
b. partisan news service
c. wire service
d. consolidated media
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Easy
23. A news reporter follows an important story from its origins to its ultimate end by digging into every possible corner of the story. This would be an example of ______ journalism.
a. investigative
b. partisan
c. yellow
d. citizen
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
24. During the progressive era, many investigative journalists were nicknamed ______.
a. partisans
b. muckrakers
c. politicos
d. yellow journalists
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
25. Technological advances during the 20th century brought news, political figures, and candidates into Americans’ lives in a ______ way.
a. direct
b. indirect
c. partisan
d. nonpartisan
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
26. Outlets for news and other content that relies on mass-communications technology to bring stories directly into people’s homes but are subject to stricter content regulations than cable television outlets and alternative sources of information are known as ______ media.
a. mass
b. citizen
c. news
d. broadcast
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Easy
27. In order to speak directly to American citizens about the Great Depression and, later, World War II, President Franklin Roosevelt used which of the following?
a. radio advertising
b. public speeches
c. fireside chats
d. television commercials
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Easy
28. Today’s radio talk shows are often but not solely used to distribute partisan messages for which of the following political parties?
a. Libertarian
b. Democratic
c. Green
d. Republican
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Easy
29. Talk radio broadcasts have been criticized for their efforts to ______.
a. disseminate propaganda
b. provoke emotional responses
c. generate revenue for their owners
d. be as fair and impartial as possible
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Easy
30. In September 1960, candidates ______ and ______ participated in the first of a series of televised presidential debates in the U.S. history.
a. Franklin D. Roosevelt; Alfred “Alf” Landen
b. Harry S. Truman; Thomas E. Dewey
c. Adlai Stevenson; Dwight D. Eisenhower
d. John F. Kennedy; Richard M. Nixon
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Easy
31. In 1961, John F. Kennedy, having won the presidency, gave the first live televised ______.
a. news conference
b. press release
c. public speech
d. executive order
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Easy
32. As the Vietnam War progressed, American casualties mounted, and protests against American involvement spread and grew, trusted television journalist ______ questioned if the war had become unwinnable.
a. Edward R. Murrow
b. Rodger Mudd
c. Walter Cronkite
d. Frank Magee
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Easy
33. The 1990s witnessed the rise of which new outlet for television and television news?
a. 1-hr news magazines
b. 24-hr cable news
c. local news stations
d. citizen reporting
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
34. In 1996, Australian media entrepreneur Rupert Murdoch launched which news channel?
a. CNN
b. Fox News
c. MSNBC
d. HLN
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
35. Since they operate under looser regulatory constraints than the broadcast networks, television news has become more ______ and less ______.
a. partisan; objective
b. objective; reliable
c. subjective; partisan
d. reliable; subjective
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
36. While often criticized, cable news channels are ______.
a. becoming more and more subjective and less like traditional news
b. pandering to specific audiences and lacking hard news stories
c. becoming more like what newspapers had been before—unapologetically partisan
d. less partisan and more balanced in their delivery of news stories
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
37. The internet was first developed and deployed through a collaboration between ______ and ______.
a. the CIA; the military
b. DARPA; research universities
c. the NSA; the CIA
d. the FBI; the NSA
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
38. A strategy used to create a greater presence of traditional network broadcast journalists in other venues has been to ______.
a. emphasize traditional news broadcasting
b. emphasize nontraditional news broadcasting
c. highlight their visibility in order to reach larger audiences
d. rebrand traditional news media services as nontraditional news outlets
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
39. Which one of the following terms is used to refer to all of the various digital platforms through which individuals receive, share, and produce content?
a. niche journalism
b. new media
c. traditional media
d. citizen journalism
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Easy
40. Media that caters to fragmented and specialized audiences is called ______.
a. niche journalism
b. new media
c. traditional media
d. citizen journalism
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
41. One of the most important developments in the internet age has been the rise of ______ media like Facebook.
a. broadband
b. social
c. self-published
d. citizen-created
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
42. The intentional use of the media to support a political party or presentation of material that the news agency knows to be untrue or unverified could be referred to as ______ news.
a. niche
b. media
c. fake
d. social
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Medium
43. Stories that focus on celebrity and personality rather than underlying issues are known as ______.
a. soft news
b. edutainment
c. infotainment
d. hard news
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Easy
44. The blurring of the lines between providing information and entertaining audiences when covering events is known as ______.
a. soft news
b. edutainment
c. infotainment
d. hard news
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Easy
45. Soft news can act to engage individuals with ______ issues.
a. domestic
b. foreign policy
c. defense
d. social welfare
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Medium
46. A perennial critique of the American news media is that it demonstrates a ______ partisan bias.
a. negative
b. conservative
c. neutral
d. liberal
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Easy
47. Watching political comedy shows such as The Daily Show may decrease individuals’ support for and engagement with ______.
a. foreign policy
b. domestic policy
c. political institutions
d. bureaucratic agencies
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Medium
48. Coverage of political campaigns that focuses more on the drama of the campaign than on policy issues is known as the ______.
a. horse race phenomenon
b. reporter bias
c. “feeding frenzy”
d. commercial bias
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Medium
49. The shaping of content and focus of news based on the desire to capture the market of news consumers is called ______.
a. partisan bias
b. horse race phenomenon
c. commercial bias
d. reporter bias
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Medium
50. Whether true or not, scandals often crowd out discussions of policy. This is a pattern that political scientist Larry Sabato has called a ______.
a. horse race phenomenon
b. reporter bias
c. “feeding frenzy”
d. commercial bias
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Medium
51. The political goal of a politician who wishes to control the media is to ______.
a. get out as much information as possible about the campaign on a daily basis
b. control the message by focusing on one message per news cycle day
c. allow the public to set the media agenda for the campaign
d. allow the candidate to create a media storm that distracts from negative messages
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Medium
52. By allowing or restricting access by journalists, candidates and politicians can strategically put a ______ on a story to benefit themselves.
a. twist
b. spin
c. feeding frenzy
d. swirl
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Easy
53. Although journalists are more likely to self-identify as liberal compared to the general public, they are expected to operate under the professional expectations that reward ______.
a. subjectivity
b. objectivity
c. political bias
d. conservatives
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Easy
54. When reporters are assigned to specific types of news, policies, or events this is known as ______.
a. the beat system
b. horse race
c. feeding frenzy
d. commercial bias
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Easy
55. When some news outlets pursue inflammatory and sensational coverage to secure the niche marketplace while other news outlets may avoid coverage so as not to upset their audience, this is referred to as ______.
a. the beat system
b. horse race
c. feeding frenzy
d. commercial bias
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Easy
56. The study of the power of the news media in shaping individuals’ political knowledge, preferences, and political behavior is called the ______.
a. horse race phenomenon
b. “feeding frenzy”
c. partisan bias
d. media effect
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Medium
57. Efforts to regulate the media have focused primarily on what two things?
a. celebrity and media ownership
b. media ownership and media content
c. reporter bias and media accountability
d. media content and celebrity
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
58. Government effort to control the media has oftentimes focused on which of the following?
a. media ownership
b. media costs
c. media coverage of elections
d. media coverage of politicians
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
59. Which of the following has often been a focus of government regulation regarding the media?
a. media prices
b. media content
c. media coverage of elections
d. media coverage of politicians
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
60. With technological revolutions in the 20th century, demands for regulation came from ______.
a. citizens and content providers
b. the federal government and elected representatives
c. foreign nations and broadcasters
d. elected representatives and citizens
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
61. From the point of view of publishers and broadcasters, regulations were necessary to prevent ______.
a. overlap
b. bias
c. over grazing
d. consolidation
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
62. One of the other calls for regulation dealt with the ______ of content of materials that went directly into American’s homes.
a. bias
b. morality
c. reliability
d. accountability
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
63. The 21st century has witnessed a marked decline in consumption of ______ media.
a. radio
b. television
c. print
d. internet
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content AreSubject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Easy
64. Print media witnessed a dramatic decline in consumption during which century?
a. 18th
b. 19th
c. 20th
d. 21st
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Easy
65. The ______ established the Federal Radio Commission and required broadcasters to obtain a license to broadcast on specific frequencies.
a. Communications Act of 1934
b. Federal Communications Commission Act of 1980
c. Federal Radio Act (1927)
d. Telecommunications Act of 1996
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
66. The Federal Communications Commission was created based on which government act?
a. Communications Act of 1934
b. Federal Communications Commission Act of 1980
c. Federal Radio Act (1927)
d. Telecommunications Act of 1996
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Easy
67. In 1934, Congress passed the Communications Act, which led to the creation of which regulatory agency?
a. FRC
b. FCC
c. ETV
d. PBS
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Easy
68. Which of the following brought deregulation to media ownership which led to a massive consolidation of media ownership?
a. Communications Act of 1934
b. Federal Communications Commission Act of 1980
c. Federal Radio Act (1927)
d. Telecommunications Act of 1996
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Easy
69. For the most part, media outlets are largely organized to attract ______.
a. viewers
b. advertisers
c. consumers
d. broadcasters
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
70. Nontraditional internet news sources often get their stories from a process called ______.
a. aggregating
b. consolidation
c. primacy
d. conglomeration
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
71. What effect did deregulation have on the diversity of the nation’s major news outlets?
a. expansion of news outlets
b. expansion of broadcast stations
c. increasing consolidation
d. increasing diversity
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
72. A Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rule that requires internet service providers to treat all data equally, without discriminating based upon content or bandwidth demands, is called ______.
a. network implementation
b. network consolidation
c. net informality
d. net neutrality
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
73. Critics charge that allowing firms to charge for internet service based on bandwidth use will lead to ______.
a. price discrimination
b. information bias
c. data hoarding
d. lower overall prices
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
74. Which of the following best describes an important issue raised by the idea of net neutrality?
a. Is granting open access to information an idea that is in line with a capitalist economic system?
b. How can American democracy balance the First Amendment against equal access to political information?
c. Can unregulated access to information be guaranteed in an environment of competitive internet providers?
d. Will net neutrality be of greater advantage for internet providers or internet consumers?
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
75. The ______ requires networks to guarantee political candidates equal time to present their views and opinions.
a. equal time rule
b. equal access rule
c. fairness doctrine
d. broadcast equity doctrine
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
76. The federal rule that expanded regulations of American political news coverage beyond just the provision of time for candidates to the content of political news coverage itself is called the ______.
a. equal time rule
b. equal access rule
c. fairness doctrine
d. broadcast equity doctrine
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
77. The frenzy of media consolidation following the Telecommunications Act of 1996 placed many news organizations and their employees under ______.
a. federal control
b. public scrutiny
c. regulatory review
d. new ownership
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
78. The current view of most scholars of media and American politics lies ______.
a. more toward the limited effects model
b. more toward the direct effects model
c. somewhere in between the direct and limited effects models
d. in an institutional effects model
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Medium
79. According to the work of political scientist Markus Prior, the new technologies and media avenues of today may be dividing Americans, making them more partisan. We call this phenomenon a(n) ______.
a. digital divide
b. electronic break
c. internet gateway
d. voter chasm
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Medium
80. On October 30, 1938, Orson Welles delivered a radio broadcast of an adaptation of H. G. Well’s book ______.
a. Mercury Theater Production
b. The War of the Worlds
c. Martians
d. Attack of the Clones
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Easy
81. The power of the news media in shaping individuals’ political knowledge, understanding, and preferences is referred to as ______.
a. social media
b. partisan media
c. media effects
d. media propaganda
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Easy
82. The textual or visual cues that the media present along with a particular story are considered to be part of which process?
a. doxing
b. priming
c. agenda setting
d. framing
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Medium
83. When the media covers a candidate or issue and highlights specific contextual details during the coverage, this can lead to an individual drawing on those specific details when forming opinions on the candidate or issue. This is referred to as ______.
a. doxing
b. priming
c. agenda setting
d. framing
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Medium
84. Agenda setting by the media refers to ______.
a. selecting which stories are covered thereby designating which issues are worthy of the public’s attention
b. providing specific details regarding a political candidate or issue with the intention of influencing the public
c. framing a story in a manner that could be influential with some members of the public
d. the prep work done by individuals involved in a presidential debate
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Medium
85. Which of the following was included in Harold Lasswell’s views on the functions of the media?
a. provide biased information to the general public
b. remain fair and impartial during all coverage of elections
c. deliberate manipulation of the political process
d. survey and report on political events and outcomes
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Easy
86. Based on Lasswell’s views, one of the functions of the media includes ______.
a. providing biased information to the general public
b. remaining fair and impartial during all coverage of elections
c. interpreting political events and outcomes of elections
d. deliberating manipulation of the political process
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Easy
87. Harold Lasswell stated that the functions of the media include ______.
a. providing biased information to the general public
b. educating the general public
c. remaining fair and impartial during all election coverage
d. deliberating manipulating the general public
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Easy
88. Which of the following political scholars added a fourth function of media to Harold Lasswell’s established functions?
a. Doris Graber
b. Markus Prior
c. Trevor Noah
d. Hillary Clinton
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Easy
89. Markus Prior determined that not all Americans use technology in the same capacity to educate themselves on issues facing the United States. This difference among Americans is known as the ______.
a. Facebook phenomenon
b. digital divide
c. social media split
d. technology gap
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Medium
90. Which of the following subset of Americans is most likely to use technology as a resource for news information?
a. older
b. low income
c. Spanish speaking
d. college educated
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Medium
True/False
1. The American news media has been a stable and unchanging medium throughout the 20th and 21st centuries.
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. Much of the news content transmitted through social media is generated in nontraditional ways.
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. The provision of news covering combat operations has always been treated differently than that of a political campaign or other more routine political story.
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. There is no doubt that the 21st-century revolution in communications technologies has changed the landscape of the delivery of political news and opinion.
Lear Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, daily and weekly newspapers reached a relatively large portion of the population.
Lear Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. The use of yellow journalism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries resulted in a decrease in newspaper and magazine sales.
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. As cable news channels became more prevalent, television news became more partisan in its presentation.
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
8. Media outlets that cater to specialized audiences are said to practice partisan journalism.
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
9. The first televised presidential debate was between Lyndon B. Johnson and Barry Goldwater in the 1964 election.
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. A citizen journalist is a professional who covers news events and provides his or her own analysis of them.
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. Both scholars and ordinary Americans have come to the settled conclusion that the media has a liberal bias.
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Medium
12. The media can actually shape an individual’s political knowledge and understanding.
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. In recent years, candidates have played a minimal role in shaping the news agenda.
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Medium
14. The deregulation of media outlets has led to an increase in their diversity.
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
15. One of the consequences of media deregulation has been the need to shape media coverage to attract as wide an audience as possible.
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
16. Supporters of net neutrality believe companies that provide the “highways” of the internet and broadband age should be able to charge more to content providers whose “livestock” chew up more bandwidth.
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
17. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 regulated media ownership.
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
18. According to research presented in a 2013 Pew Research Center poll, internet news consumption has overtaken that of television news media.
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Medium
19. The fairness doctrine has ceased to be rigorously enforced, partly because of the growth in cable television channels and shows.
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Medium
20. The blurring of the lines between news and entertainment and the demands placed on the news to attract a commercial audience have also pressured reporters to be more objective.
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Medium
Short Answer
1. One of the most important developments in the internet age has been the rise of ______ like Facebook and Twitter.
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Introduction
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. Popular comedy shows such as The Daily Show and The Colbert Report are good examples of the blurring of lines between information and entertainment known as ______.
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. Many critics of the American news media argue that the nation’s largest newspapers and mainstream news outlets demonstrate a ______ bias.
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. Contrary to earlier models, the current view of most scholars of media and American politics sees a model of ______ effects, which focuses not so much on how the media may or may not change partisan affiliation or voter choice but on the ways the media shapes the overall conversation taking place in the public sphere.
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. Through its ability to select which stories are covered, the media may exert an ______ role by highlighting which issues are worthy of coverage and, as a consequence, worthy of the public’s attention.
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Easy
Essay
1. Describe how the sources of Americans’ political news have changed during the 21st century. Use examples to explain or describe what these changes mean in today’s political and social environment.
Student answers may vary, but their answer should focus on the rise in internet and social media sources, the use of citizen reporters, and the dangers when information is not fact-checked or vetted properly.
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Hard
2. How have changes in social media consumption and production impacted the ability of Americans to get their voices heard?
Individual student answers may vary but should discuss the impact of social media and the ease with which it allows a single individual to have the same voice as a major celebrity or political figure. The result is the decrease in the impact of media elites and a rise in the voice of the masses.
Learning Objective: 6-1: Trace the historical development of the American news media.
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: The Evolution of American Media Shows That Issues of Power and Trustworthiness Are Not New
Difficulty Level: Hard
3. What challenges do new media communications technologies pose to the ability of the federal government to regulate traditional and nontraditional media?
Learning Objective: 6-3: Discuss changes in the regulation of media ownership and media content.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Media Ownership and Content Are Subject to Regulation
Difficulty Level: Hard
4. What role does the public’s desire for entertainment play in the media’s decisions to focus its stories on sensational and entertaining topics?
Learning Objective: 6-2: Understand the issue of bias in the American media.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Questions of Bias Challenge Americans’ Trust in the Media’s Objectivity
Difficulty Level: Hard
5. Explain and analyze the phenomenon of the “digital divide” as discussed in your textbook.
Learning Objective: 6-4: Explain the different perspectives on the power of the media to shape political understanding and behaviors.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: The Power of the Media to Affect the Public Is Tested
Difficulty Level: Medium
Document Information
Connected Book
Test Bank | American Gov Brief Ed. 1e by Scott F. Abernathy
By Scott F. Abernathy