Test Bank

Chapter 6: Liberal Perspectives on Today’s World: Collective Security, Multilateral Diplomacy, Interdependence, and International Institutions

Multiple Choice

1. What does the liberal perspective cite as the principal reason ethnic conflicts get out of control?

a. hardwired ethnic identities

b. historical interactions between ethnic groups

c. divergence of ideas between ethnic groups

d. weak or failed states

Cognitive Domain: Easy

Answer Location: Nation Building

Difficulty Level: Comprehension

2. Which perspective believes that the way to end violence is to ban or limit arms, such as through treaties like the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty and the Anti-Personnel Landmine Treaty?

a. the realist perspective

b. the liberal perspective

c. the identity perspective

d. the critical theory perspective

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Disarmament and Arms Control

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Which perspective sees nongovernmental organizations as extensions of American imperialism?

a. the realist perspective

b. the liberal perspective

c. the identity perspective

d. the critical theory perspective

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Social Interdependence

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Hugo Grotius and Eméric Vattel are early analysts of which of the following?

a. international law

b. disarmament

c. neoliberalism

d. raison d’état

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: International Law and Courts

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Which of the following made permanent the practice of trying individuals for war crimes?

a. the International Criminal Court

b. the International Court of Justice

c. the European Commission

d. the European Parliament

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: International Courts

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. The ______ is a not Bretton Woods institution?

a. International Monetary Fund

b. World Trade Organization

c. United Nations

d. World Bank

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: International Economic Institutions

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. How often are IMF quotas recalculated?

a. every 2 years

b. every 5 years

c. every 8 years

d. never

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: International Monetary Fund

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. How is the voting power of states in the World Trade Organization apportioned?

a. It is based on a state’s size.

b. It is based on a state’s share of trade.

c. It is based on how much a state contributes to the WTO.

d. It is based on a one-state, one-vote system.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: International Monetary Fund

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Which of the following is an example of a supranational institution?

a. Amnesty International

b. the European Commission

c. the United Nations

d. the International Criminal Court

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: EU Vies with Globalism and Nationalism

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. The Maastricht Treaty is a key agreement in the development of which of the following institutions?

a. the European Union

b. NATO

c. the United Nations

d. the Bretton Woods institutions

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Spillover

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. What term describes one method of decentralizing power to accommodate tribal and regional differences?

a. liberalism

b. federalism

c. partition

d. institutionalism

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer location: Nation Building

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Which perspective is most likely to highlight the converging values of the East and the West as an important driver in the development of international standards of human rights, democracy, and the rule of law?

a. the realist perspective

b. the liberal perspective

c. the identity perspective

d. the critical theory perspective

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Collective Security

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. Which level of analysis would best describe the liberal argument that U.S. President Barack Obama’s election led to a renewed emphasis on diplomacy and multilateralism?

a. the individual level of analysis

b. the domestic level of analysis

c. the transnational level of analysis

d. the systemic level of analysis

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Chapter Introduction

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. Which of the following serves as the UN’s primary judiciary organ?

a. the International Court of Justice

b. the International Criminal Court

c. the UN Security Council

d. the European Court of Justice

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: United Nations

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Signed in 1968, which treaty strengthened the International Atomic Energy Agency by solidifying the commitment of nonnuclear states not to acquire nuclear weapons and of nuclear states to reduce nuclear arms and share nuclear technology for peaceful uses?

a. the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

b. the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty

c. the Treaty on Conventional Forces in Europe

d. the Nuclear Weapons Convention

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Disarmament and Arms Control

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. Which of the following Bretton Woods institutions oversees exchange rate and other financial interactions among countries?

a. the World Trade Organization

b. the International Labor Organization

c. the World Bank

d. the International Monetary Fund

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: International Economic Institutions

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. The merger of the European Defense and Political Community, European Atomic Energy Community, and European Economic Community to form the single Commission of the European Communities is an example of ______.

a. universal jurisdiction

b. spillover

c. process tracing

d. democratic deficit

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: European Union

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. Which perspective emphasizes the idea that democracy promotes nongovernmental organizations and civil society as fundamental components of political society?

a. the realist perspective

b. the liberal perspective

c. the identity perspective

d. the critical theory perspective

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: United Nations

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. Which of the following is true about the International Court of Justice?

a. It has the power to force parties to appear before the court and to enforce its decisions.

b. It is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.

c. It considers four types of crime: genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and crimes of aggression.

d. It can only hear cases brought to it by states.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: International Courts

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. Which level of analysis describes the argument that the Oslo Accords failed due to the United States, Europe, and other great powers having other diplomatic priorities?

a. the individual level of analysis

b. the domestic level of analysis

c. the foreign policy level of analysis

d. the systemic level of analysis

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Peaceful Conflict Resolution: Oslo Accords

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. Which of the following institutions is the only one that is directly elected in the EU?

a. the European Parliament

b. the European Council

c. the Council of the European Union

d. the European Commission

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: European Union

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. The Persian Gulf War of 1990–1991 is a textbook example of which one of the following approaches to force?

a. power balancing

b. collective security

c. preventive war

d. containment

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The First Persian Gulf War

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. Under the Oslo Accords, Israel agreed to which of the following?

a. recognition of the Palestine Liberation Organization

b. withdrawal from the Gaza Strip and areas of Jerusalem

c. a two-state solution with Palestine

d. sharing Jerusalem as a national capital with Palestine

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Peaceful Conflict Resolution: Oslo Accords

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. Which of the following principles did Iraq violate by invading Kuwait?

a. raison d’état

b. sovereignty

c. self-determination

d. collective security

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The First Persian Gulf War

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. Which set of activities describes those actions by the UN devoted to monitoring cease-fires and separating combatants in third-world conflicts?

a. peace enforcement activities

b. peacekeeping activities

c. postconflict reconstruction activities

d. humanitarian activities

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Somalia and Rwanda

Difficulty Level: Medium

26. Arguing that U.S. President Bill Clinton pulled troops out of Somalia because the U.S. Congress pressured him to do so is an example of an argument from which level of analysis?

a. the individual level of analysis

b. the domestic level of analysis

c. the foreign policy level of analysis

d. the systemic level of analysis

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Somalia and Rwanda

Difficulty Level: Medium

27. The Oslo Accords sought to resolve conflict between which two parties?

a. Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization

b. Hutus and Tutsis in Rwanda

c. Serbs, Croats, and Muslims in Bosnia-Herzegovina

d. Israel and Egypt

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Peaceful Conflict Resolution: Oslo Accords

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. Liberal accounts at which levels of analysis lay most of the blame for failed diplomacy on the United States?

a. the individual level of analysis

b. the domestic level of analysis

c. the foreign policy level of analysis

d. the transnational level of analysis

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Chapter Introduction

Difficulty Level: Medium

29. The ______ is a permanent tribunal started in 2002 to prosecute war crimes.

a. International Court of Justice

b. International Criminal Court

c. Hague

d. International Court

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: International Courts

Difficulty Level: Easy

30. Despite the fact that Iraq’s nuclear program was gutted by the International Atomic Energy Agency, which of the following seemed to indicate (incorrectly) that Iraq was continuing to develop nuclear weapons?

a. Saddam Hussein announced that he had developed and tested nuclear weapons.

b. A top Iraqi scientist began selling nuclear technology to Libya, Iran, and North Korea.

c. Iraq forced UN weapons inspectors out in 1998.

d. Iraq never signed the Non-Proliferation Treaty.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Disarmament and Arms Control

Difficulty Level: Easy

31. The use of poison gas by Saddam Hussein in Iraq and Bashar al-Assad in Syria against their own people are violations of the ______.

a. Biological Weapons Convention

b. Chemical Weapons Convention

c. Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

d. Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Disarmament and Arms Control

Difficulty Level: Medium

32. Which states traditionally select the managing director of the International Monetary Fund and the president of the World Bank?

a. Developed states select the managing director of the IMF, while developing states select the president of the World Bank.

b. Developing states select the managing director of the IMF, while developed states select the president of the World Bank.

c. European states select the managing director of the IMF, while the United States selects the president of the World Bank.

d. The United States selects the managing director of the IMF, while either China or Russia selects the president of the World Bank.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: International Economic Institutions

Difficulty Level: Easy

33. How does the World Bank raise most of its money?

a. It sells World Bank bonds on private financial markets.

b. It requires members to pay a subscription.

c. It asks members to volunteer a pledge.

d. It is funded by the United Nations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: International Economic Institutions

Difficulty Level: Easy

34. The International Monetary Fund offers loans on the principle of conditionality, which means which of the following?

a. The state receiving the loan cannot receive more loans in the future.

b. The state receiving the loan must pay the loan back.

c. The state receiving the loan must adjust its domestic policies to fix balance-of-payment imbalances.

d. The state receiving the loan must offer other states economic concessions, like favorable trade or investment deals.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: International Economic Institutions

Difficulty Level: Easy

35. Which Bretton Woods institution, first known as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, focuses on multilateral trade negotiations?

a. the World Trade Organization

b. the International Trade Organization

c. the General Agreement on Trade in Services

d. the North American Free Trade Agreement

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: International Economic Institutions

Difficulty Level: Medium

36. Which of the following institutions has the power to interpret and enforce EU treaties and law?

a. the European Parliament

b. the European Court of Justice

c. the European Criminal Court

d. the European Commission

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: European Union

Difficulty Level: Easy

37. Which of the following was a result of the Lisbon Treaty?

a. It forced all members of the EU to adopt the euro as their common currency.

b. It established the European Court of Justice, an institution to interpret and enforce EU treaties and laws.

c. It implemented many of the provisions of the European constitution by intergovernmental agreement.

d. It gave the European Parliament the power to initiate legislation.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: European Union

Difficulty Level: Easy

38. ______ are those institutions above the level of the state, like the European Commission, that are motivated by common, rather than state-specific, goals.

a. Supranational institutions

b. International governmental institutions

c. Nongovernmental organizations

d. Supernational institutions

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: European Union

Difficulty Level: Medium

39. The ______ is the assembly that brings together the member states of the EU.

a. the European Parliament

b. Council of the European Union

c. the European Criminal Court

d. the European Commission

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Structure of the European Union

Difficulty Level: Easy

40. The weakness of the European Parliament has given rise to the debate in the EU about the ______, a criticism made of the EU that it is not directly accountable to the people it represents.

a. spillover

b. qualified majority voting

c. democratic deficit

d. second degree representation

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Structure of the European Union

Difficulty Level: Medium

41. ______ refers to the claim of a single state that it can prosecute perpetrators of war crimes anywhere in the world.

a. Universal jurisdiction

b. Universal justice

c. International extradition

d. International justice

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: International Courts

Difficulty Level: Medium

Multiple Response

1. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. The United Nations focuses on which three major international issues?

a. collective security and peace

b. economic and social development

c. finance and trade

d. international law and human rights

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: United Nations

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which of the following are one of the criteria identified by the UN High-Level Panel on Threats, Challenges, and Change for legitimate intervention?

a. There is a sufficiently clear and serious threat to warrant the use of force.

b. The primary purpose of the use of force may be to stop the threat through regime change.

c. The use of force against the threat is the last resort.

d. The use of force is proportionate and the minimum necessary to mitigate the threat.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Nation Building

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which of the following countries belong to ASEAN?

a. South Korea

b. Cambodia

c. Indonesia

d. Malaysia

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: International Monetary Fund

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which of the following statements about the International Criminal Court (ICC) are true?

a. The ICC can only bring charges in a particular situation after the UN Security Council votes to authorize an ICC investigation.

b. The United States, China, and India are not parties to the ICC.

c. It tries cases of genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and crimes of aggression.

d. The ICC only hears cases if state courts are unwilling or unable to act.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: International Courts

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which of the following are methods of spillover?

a. mutual recognition

b. path dependence

c. adoption of minimal standards

d. harmonization of regulations

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Spillover

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which of the following states are members of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons?

a. North Korea

b. Israel

c. Pakistan

d. China

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Disarmament and Arms Control

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Liberal accounts at which levels of analysis lay most of the blame for failed diplomacy on the United States?

a. the individual level of analysis

b. the domestic level of analysis

c. the foreign policy level of analysis

d. the transnational level of analysis

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Chapter Introduction

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. SELECT ALL THAT APPPLY. Which of the following are possible reasons for Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait?

a. to control Kuwait’s oil supply

b. to control assets to pay war debt from the Iran–Iraq War

c. to revise colonially imposed borders

d. to protest the Arab League

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The First Persian Gulf War

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. The fact that Saddam Hussein did not respond to the universal condemnation of Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait implies that he was being influenced more by factors at which levels of analysis?

a. the individual level of analysis

b. the domestic level of analysis

c. the foreign policy level of analysis

d. the systemic level of analysis

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The First Persian Gulf War

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Under the Oslo Accords, Israel agreed to which of the following?

a. recognition of the Palestine Liberation Organization

b. withdrawal from the Gaza Strip and areas of the West Bank

c. a two-state solution with Palestine

d. sharing Jerusalem as a national capital with Palestine

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Peaceful Conflict Resolution: Oslo Accords

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which two former Yugoslav republics became the focus of conflict when civil war broke out in 1991?

a. Montenegro

b. Slovenia

c. Bosnia-Herzegovina

d. Croatia

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Legitimacy: Bosnia and Kosovo

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. According to bargaining theory, why might two states fail to make credible commitments and avoid war?

a. Capabilities shift.

b. Intentions are uncertain.

c. The states do not have preferred outcomes.

d. One state believes war is a better option than negotiations.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Bargaining: 2003 Iraq War

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. The United Nations focuses on three major international issues, including which of the following?

a. collective security and peace

b. economic and social development

c. finance and trade

d. international law and human rights

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: United Nations

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. The UN Security Council used Chapter VII only twice to enforce mandatory sanctions against which two African states?

a. Southern Rhodesia

b. Nyasaland

c. South Africa

d. Zambia

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: United Nations

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which of the following are suggested ways to reform the United Nations?

a. decreasing the size of the Security Council

b. reducing bureaucracy

c. conferring more power to the secretary-general’s office over budgets

d. dissolving the Human Rights Council

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: United Nations

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. The World Bank makes loans for development purposes, including which of the following?

a. debt relief

b. infrastructure projects

c. projects to meet basic human needs

d. sustainable energy and environmental programs

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: International Economic Institutions

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. The liberal perspective expects that intensified economic and financial interdependence between China and the United States will create too many common benefits that neither country will want to risk these benefits and go to war.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Interdependence

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. The liberal perspective emphasizes the importance of oil supplies over the role of international law in the first Persian Gulf War.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The First Persian Gulf War

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Peace enforcement activities are those UN actions devoted to monitoring cease-fires and separating combatants in third-world conflicts.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Somalia and Rwanda

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. The military intervention in Libya in 2011 did not enjoy broad support from states other than the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Somalia and Rwanda

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. The Oslo Accords are an example of successful international negotiations to bring about peace between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Peaceful Conflict Resolution: Oslo Accords

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Bargaining theory argues that two rational states will never go to war with each other.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Bargaining: 2003 Iraq War

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. The liberal perspective expects that intensified economic and financial interdependence between China and the United States will create too many common benefits that neither country will want to risk these benefits and go to war.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Interdependence

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. The liberal perspective highlights hardwired ethnic identities as the principal driver behind ethnic conflicts.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: United Nations

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Since the end of the Cold War, interventions for humanitarian purposes have become more frequent and are increasingly multilateral.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: United Nations

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. One key success of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons was the abandonment of nuclear weapon programs by Pakistan and India in the 1990s.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Nonproliferation of WMDs

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. The International Criminal Court is a permanent tribunal started in 2002 to prosecute war crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: International Courts

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. The liberal perspective would most likely argue that the spread of transnational nongovernmental organizations is a result of the spread of democratic ideas.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Nongovernmental Organizations

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. Voting in the World Bank is based on the size of a country’s economy.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: World Bank

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. The European Commission, a supranational body, has the exclusive authority in the EU to initiate legislation and pursue to goals of ever-closer union.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: European Union

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. The European Parliament has the unique power to initiate regional legislation.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: European Union

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. All members of the EU automatically belong to the European Central Bank and have adopted a common currency, the euro.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: European Union

Difficulty Level: Easy

Short Answer

1. In January 1991, the United States and other UN members positioned forces to support an invasion code-named ______, with the aim to expel Iraq from Kuwait.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The First Persian Gulf War

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. ______ are UN actions intended to compel countries by force or threat to follow the terms of UN resolutions.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Somalia and Rwanda

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. The UN and EC established the ______ to negotiate cease-fire plans among conflicting groups in Bosnia and Croatia.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Legitimacy: Bosnia and Kosovo

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. The massacre of more than 8,000 Muslim men and boys at Srebrenica in 1995, as incited by Slobodan Milosevic, is an example of ______, or the exploitation by leaders of people’s fears in order to wage ethnic conflict.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: International Institutions

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. The resettlement of ethnic groups, rebuilding of infrastructure and homes, and mediation of political processes of reconciliation and power sharing, are all examples of ______.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: United Nations | Nation-Building

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. ______ refers to the claim of a single state that it can prosecute perpetrators of war crimes anywhere in the world.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: International Courts

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. The ______ represents the maximum amount of money a country provides to the IMF for lending to correct balance-of-payment problems.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: International Economic Institutions

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Following the 1997–1998 Asian financial crisis, 10-member countries of ASEAN formed the ______ as an alternative to the IMF.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: International Economic Institutions

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. The international organization that has a dispute settlement system with the authority to make legal determinations about whether or not a particular state’s tariff policies comply with international treaty obligations is called the ______.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: International Economic Institutions

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. ______ are those institutions above the level of the state, like the European Commission, that are motivated by common, rather than state-specific, goals.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: European Union

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. In what ways was the response to the 1990 invasion of Kuwait by Iraq an example of collective security?

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The First Persian Gulf War

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. What did U.S. President George Bush stress when he stated that a “new world order” had begun?

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Chapter Introduction

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. How do peacekeeping and peace enforcement operations compare?

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Somalia and Rwanda

Difficulty Level: Hard

4. According to the liberal perspective, why did the Oslo Accords fail?

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Diplomacy

Difficulty Level: Hard

5. How do the realist and liberal perspectives differ in their views about the role of regional organizations like NATO in international affairs?

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Diplomacy

Difficulty Level: Hard

6. What is bargaining and its underpinning theory? What are the key weaknesses of bargaining theory?

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Bargaining: 2003 Iraq War

Difficulty Level: Hard

7. What are the four main objectives of UN peacekeeping operations? What are the three principal reasons why international interventions fail?

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: United Nations

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. What are the three Bretton Woods institutions, and what are their primary objectives and means of meeting these objectives?

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: International Economic Institutions

Difficulty Level: Medium