Ch6 Foreign Policy Intel Community Test Bank Answers

Test Bank

Chapter 6: Understanding the Foreign Policy Bureaucracy: The Intelligence Community

Multiple Choice

1. American intelligence became more professional during which of the following wars?

a. World War I

b. Vietnam War

c. World War II

d. Iraq War

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Purposes and Activities of Intelligence

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Which of the following was identified as the precursor of the Central Intelligence Agency?

a. the Office of Strategic Services (OSS)

b. the Office of Intelligence and Analysis (OIA)

c. the Office of Intelligence and Counterintelligence (OIC)

d. the Office of National Security Intelligence (ONSI)

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Purposes and Activities of Intelligence

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. The primary purpose of the intelligence community is to collect and analyze information for the ______.

a. executive branch

b. legislative branch

c. judicial branch

d. local and state governments

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Eyes and Ears: Collecting and Analyzing Information

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. The intelligence process begins with ______.

a. dissemination

b. planning and direction

c. processing

d. collection

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Eyes and Ears: Collecting and Analyzing Information

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. ______ usually responds to the climate of the times.

a. Dissemination

b. Tasking

c. Analysis

d. Production

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Eyes and Ears: Collecting and Analyzing Information

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. The National Intelligence Strategy of the Obama administration focused on which of the following?

a. targeting traditional adversaries

b. counterproliferation

c. combating violent extremism

d. emphasizing cyberthreats

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Eyes and Ears: Collecting and Analyzing Information

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. All-source analysts are responsible for ______.

a. tasking

b. dissemination the reports

c. collecting the data

d. carefully weighing the raw data

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Eyes and Ears: Collecting and Analyzing Information

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. During the nineteenth century, the US government relied on ______.

a. the Department of Homeland Security

b. the Central Intelligence Agency

c. the Federal Bureau of Investigation

d. the Secret Service

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Purposes and Activities of Intelligence

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. According to the authors, in the early twentieth century, intelligence used to refer to ______.

a. data collection and analysis

b. political or paramilitary intervention

c. information or news

d. counterintelligence

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Purposes and Activities of Intelligence

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Techniques, such as SIGINT and HUMINT are used to ______.

a. collect data

b. process data

c. analyze data

d. disseminate data

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Eyes and Ears: Collecting and Analyzing Information

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. Which of the following is an example of an “open source” method of collecting data?

a. electronic signals

b. human sources

c. radio and television

d. photography

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Eyes and Ears: Collecting and Analyzing Information

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Individuals assigned to work in the area of counterintelligence are responsible for the protection of ______.

a. national security

b. secrets

c. military assets

d. American borders

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Shield: Counterintelligence and the Protection of Secrets

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Which of the following organizations is mostly, but not exclusively, involved with covert political and paramilitary operations?

a. the Central Intelligence Agency

b. the Federal Bureau of Investigation

c. the National Security Agency

d. the Department of Defense

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Sword: Covert Operations

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. Which of the following is an example of a covert political and military operation?

a. cybersecurity enhancement

b. counterproliferation

c. proliferation of weapons and mass weapons

d. destabilization and subversion campaigns

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Sword: Covert Operations

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Which of the following federal organizations has the daunting task of coordinating the sprawling intelligence community?

a. the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI)

b. the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO)

c. the State Department’s Intelligence and Research Bureau

d. the National Geo-Spatial Intelligence Agency

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the major agencies of the intelligence community and their responsibilities.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Major Intelligence Organizations

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. Organizations that focus on who analyze and disseminate finished intelligence products to consumers are referred to as ______.

a. collectors

b. processors

c. producers

d. researchers

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the major agencies of the intelligence community and their responsibilities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Major Intelligence Organizations

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. Most of the growth in the intelligence community has taken place in organizations that focus on ______.

a. producing

b. research

c. collection and processing

d. development

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the major agencies of the intelligence community and their responsibilities.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Major Intelligence Organizations

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. Which of the following expanded the powers of the Director National Intelligence (DNI)?

a. Intelligence Reform and Prevention of Terrorism Act

b. Goldwater-Nichols Defense Reorganization Act

c. Intelligence Oversight Act

d. National Security Act

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the major agencies of the intelligence community and their responsibilities.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Major Intelligence Organizations

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. Most of the US intelligence organizations are officially a part of ______.

a. the Department of State

b. the Department of Defense

c. the Department of Justice

d. the Department of Homeland Security

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the major agencies of the intelligence community and their responsibilities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Intelligence Organizations of the Defense Department

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. The origins of the National Security Agency (NSA) go back to ______.

a. World War I

b. World War II

c. the Vietnam War

d. the Iraq War

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the major agencies of the intelligence community and their responsibilities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The National Security Agency (NSA)

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. The major function of the National Security Agency (NSA) is the collection and exploitation of ______.

a. HUMINT

b. PHOTINT

c. SIGINT

d. IMINT

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the major agencies of the intelligence community and their responsibilities.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The National Security Agency (NSA)

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. The National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) was created for which reason?

a. to provide the president with an intelligence capability to engage in data collection and analysis

b. to help centralize the management of reconnaissance flights

c. to help safeguard the financial system against national security threats

d. to establish a central authority for coordination of the intelligence community

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the major agencies of the intelligence community and their responsibilities.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA)

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. Which of the following agencies was created as a result of the Bay of Pigs fiasco?

a. the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA)

b. the National Security Agency (CIA)

c. the Department of Defense (DOD)

d. the Bureau of Intelligence and Research (INR)

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the major agencies of the intelligence community and their responsibilities.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA)

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. The ______ is considered to be one of the nation’s oldest intelligence operations.

a. Army Intelligence

b. Air Force intelligence

c. Office of Naval Intelligence

d. Intelligence Department of the Marine Corp

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the major agencies of the intelligence community and their responsibilities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Military Services

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. Which of the following acts is responsible for the restructuring of the intelligence community?

a. Intelligence Reform and Prevention of Terrorism Act

b. Goldwater-Nichols Defense Reorganization Act

c. Intelligence Oversight Act

d. National Security Act

Learning Objective: 6-3: Understand the structures and processes of the US intelligence community and the challenges they generate for foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Patterns in the Intelligence Process

Difficulty Level: Medium

26. Which of the following agencies has the primary responsibility for US domestic counterintelligence and internal security?

a. the Central Intelligence Agency

b. the National Security Agency

c. the Federal Bureau of Investigation

d. the National Geo-Spatial Intelligence Agency

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the major agencies of the intelligence community and their responsibilities.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

Difficulty Level: Medium

27. Which of the following terms refer to direct channels from those involved in collection and analysis to high-level policymakers?

a. iron triangles

b. networks

c. stovepipes

d. pipelines

Learning Objective: 6-3: Understand the structures and processes of the US intelligence community and the challenges they generate for foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Coordination Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. Which of the following acts made the CIA the major agency responsible for intelligence abroad?

a. Intelligence Reform and Prevention of Terrorism Act

b. Goldwater-Nichols Defense Reorganization Act

c. Intelligence Oversight Act

d. National Security Act

Learning Objective: 6-4: Describe the nature and dynamics of the use of covert operations in US foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The CIA and Covert Operations

Difficulty Level: Medium

29. The Central Intelligence Agency’s most renowned activities are ______.

a. collecting and analyzing data

b. counterintelligence

c. coordination of intelligence community

d. covert operations

Learning Objective: 6-4: Describe the nature and dynamics of the use of covert operations in US foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The CIA and Covert Operations

Difficulty Level: Easy

30. Running spies and double agents abroad in order to access information and preventing foreign intelligence agencies from penetrating the CIA is an example of ______.

a. paramilitary intervention

b. sabotage

c. espionage

d. preventing treason

Learning Objective: 6-4: Describe the nature and dynamics of the use of covert operations in US foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The CIA and Covert Operations

Difficulty Level: Medium

31. Congress attempted to enact tighter controls over covert action ______.

a. during the post-cold war years

b. after September 11, 2011

c. during the 1980s

d. in the good ol’ days

Learning Objective: 6-4: Describe the nature and dynamics of the use of covert operations in US foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The CIA and Covert Operations

Difficulty Level: Easy

32. According to the authors, American policymakers have relied upon CIA ______ as a major US foreign policy instrument since World War II.

a. intelligence community coordination

b. covert action

c. paramilitary intervention

d. data collection and analyzation

Learning Objective: 6-4: Describe the nature and dynamics of the use of covert operations in US foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The CIA and Covert Operations

Difficulty Level: Medium

33. The National Intelligence Council (NIC) is supposed to assist with the ______ stage of the intelligence process.

a. dissemination

b. planning and direction

c. processing

d. collection

Learning Objective: 6-3: Understand the structures and processes of the US intelligence community and the challenges they generate for foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Coordination Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

34. Which of the following agencies was created as a result of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks?

a. Department of State

b. Department of Justice

c. Department of Defense

d. Department of Homeland Security

Learning Objective: 6-3: Understand the structures and processes of the US intelligence community and the challenges they generate for foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Coordination Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

35. Which of the following incidents highlights the coordination problems that plague the intelligence community?

a. the Bay of Pigs

b. the Cuban Missile Crisis

c. the Cold War

d. the 9/11 terrorist attacks

Learning Objective: 6-3: Understand the structures and processes of the US intelligence community and the challenges they generate for foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Coordination Problems

Difficulty Level: Medium

36. The president is an example of a ______ within the intelligence community.

a. consumer

b. producer

c. disseminator

d. processor

Learning Objective: 6-3: Understand the structures and processes of the US intelligence community and the challenges they generate for foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Producer-Consumer Problems

Difficulty Level: Medium

37. Which of the following occurs when policymakers exert pressure on the intelligence community to produce evidence or finished intelligence that suits their preferences?

a. coordination

b. politicization

c. decentralization

d. centralization

Learning Objective: 6-3: Understand the structures and processes of the US intelligence community and the challenges they generate for foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Producer-Consumer Problems

Difficulty Level: Medium

38. The surprise attack on Pearl Harbor best illustrates the problem of ______.

a. coordination

b. politicization

c. decentralization

d. signal-to-noise

Learning Objective: 6-3: Understand the structures and processes of the US intelligence community and the challenges they generate for foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Variation in Intelligence Success

Difficulty Level: Medium

39. Which of the following acts established permanent intelligence committees in both chambers and required the submission to Congress of a presidential finding?

a. Intelligence Oversight Act

b. Patriot Act

c. National Security Act

d. Intelligence Reform and Prevention of Terrorism Act

Learning Objective: 6-4: Describe the nature and dynamics of the use of covert operations in US foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: After September 11, 2001

Difficulty Level: Medium

40. Training émigrés and secretly transporting them to other countries is an example of ______.

a. overthrowing foreign governments

b. organization partisan resistance movements

c. manipulating foreign democratic elections

d. participating in foreign assassinations

Learning Objective: 6-4: Describe the nature and dynamics of the use of covert operations in US foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The “Good Ol’ Days”

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. Modern intelligence in the United States developed at the same pace as modern intelligence in most European states.

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Purposes and Activities of Intelligence

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. The study of making and breaking codes is known as cryptology.

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the major agencies of the intelligence community and their responsibilities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The National Security Agency (NSA)

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Espionage and political-paramilitary intervention are two different activities and require different kinds of skills.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Describe the nature and dynamics of the use of covert operations in US foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The CIA and Covert Operations

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. The intelligence community plays a significant role in the formulation and implementation of US foreign policy.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Describe the nature and dynamics of the use of covert operations in US foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Intelligence Community and US Foreign Policymaking

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. The CIA was the product of political compromise.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Describe the nature and dynamics of the use of covert operations in US foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The CIA and Covert Operations

Difficulty Level: Easy

Short Answer

1. What is the primary purpose of the intelligence community?

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Eyes and Ears: Collecting and Analyzing Information

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Identify the two most important finished intelligence products and discuss why they are important.

Learning Objective: 6-1: Know the purposes and activities of the intelligence community.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Eyes and Ears: Collecting and Analyzing Information

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. Why is the Bureau of Intelligence and Research (INR) often times considered the weakest?

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the major agencies of the intelligence community and their responsibilities.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Bureau of Intelligence and Research (INR)

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. According to the authors, there are several elements of the new (post 9/11) intelligence structure that are important to understand. What are those?

Learning Objective: 6-3: Understand the structures and processes of the US intelligence community and the challenges they generate for foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Patterns in the Intelligence Process

Difficulty Level: Hard

5. What is the recurring theme in the foreign policy bureaucracy?

Learning Objective: 6-3: Understand the structures and processes of the US intelligence community and the challenges they generate for foreign policymaking.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Coordination Problems

Difficulty Level: Medium