Ch3 Communication, Perception, Identity, And The Test Bank - Ethical Practice in Human Services Test Bank by Richard L. West. DOCX document preview.
Test Bank
Chapter 3: Communication, Perception, Identity, and the Self
Multiple Choice
1. In interpersonal encounters, when we first meet people we usually, we form a(n) ______.
a. decision
b. impression
c. connection
d. resistance
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Understanding Interpersonal Perception
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. When Gail met Ingrid, see noticed that she seemed nervous so she decided that Ingrid was timid. Ingrid doesn’t see herself that way at all. They have a difference in ______.
a. reaction
b. idea
c. perception
d. analysis
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Understanding Interpersonal Perception
Difficulty Level: Hard
3. ______ is a process of using our senses to respond to stimuli.
a. Expression
b. Impression
c. Analysis
d. Perception
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Understanding Interpersonal Perception
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. One of the five stages of the perception process is ______.
a. memorizing
b. discovering
c. speaking
d. writing
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Attending and Selecting
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. We are ______ when we are observant and aware of our surroundings.
a. organizing
b. attending
c. mindful
d. selective
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Attending and Selecting
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. While meeting with a patient, Dr. Callaghan makes sure to be attentive to detail and observant of the patient’s state of being. Dr. Callaghan is exhibiting ______.
a. selective perception
b. mindfulness
c. selective retention
d. self-monitoring
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Attending and Selecting
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. The ______ stage of interpersonal perception requires us to put information in an accessible and orderly fashion.
a. attending
b. organizing
c. interpreting
d. memorizing
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Organizing
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. When we memorize we tend to use mental frameworks called ______.
a. relational schemata
b. boxes
c. mental folders
d. generalizations
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Organizing
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. Mirra and Ben, a barista at her favorite coffee house, flirt when she orders her latte. Ben’s arms are covered in tattoos, and his nose is pierced in three places. Mirra is not sure she and Ben would be a good match because she is attracted to intellectual men. When Mirra mentions their flirtation to her friend Sara, she learns Ben has a Ph.D. in philosophy and hosts a podcast on applied ethics. In stereotyping Ben, Mirra ignored ______.
a. individual differences
b. patterns of classification
c. unique schemata
d. fixed impressions
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Organizing
Difficulty Level: Hard
10. We assign meaning during the ______ stage of interpersonal perception.
a. retrieving
b. attending
c. organizing
d. interpreting
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Interpreting
Difficulty Level: Easy
11. The ______ stage of interpersonal perception asks us to recall or access information.
a. interpreting stage
b. organizing stage
c. retrieving stage
d. attending stage
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Retrieving
Difficulty Level: Easy
12. People from different cultures may have trouble understanding why others do what they do because ______.
a. they do not maintain eye contact
b. they are using different schemata to organize and interpret information
c. they do not approve of one another’s religious beliefs
d. not all cultures dictate how information should be organized and interpreted
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Culture
Difficulty Level: Hard
13. ______ affect(s) how people perceive the world.
a. Stereotyping
b. Opinions
c. Mindfulness
d. Cultural heritage
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Culture
Difficulty Level: Easy
14. The biological makeup of an individual as male or female refers to their ______.
a. gender
b. sex
c. androgyny
d. assignment
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sex and Gender
Difficulty Level: Easy
15. The learned behaviors a culture associates with being male or female are referred to as ______.
a. gender
b. gender roles
c. gender role socialization
d. gender schema
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Sex and Gender
Difficulty Level: Easy
16. Linette wants to wear her basketball shorts to church like her brother, but she does not. Instead she puts on a dress. This is an example of ______.
a. gender
b. gender role socialization
c. age
d. physical factors
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Sex and Gender
Difficulty Level: Hard
17. “Manspreading” is the name given to sitting with your legs wide apart. Viewing this as a masculine behavioral pattern illustrates use of gender ______.
a. roles
b. stereotypes
c. schemata
d. prescriptions
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Sex and Gender
Difficulty Level: Hard
18. ______ make(s) it possible to cultivate online relationships.
a. Perceptions
b. Mindfulness
c. Culture
d. Technology
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Social Media
Difficulty Level: Medium
19. ______ is defined as a set of perceptions held by an individual.
a. Mindfulness
b. Self-concept
c. Opinion
d. Culture
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Our Sense of Self
Difficulty Level: Easy
20. Felix considers himself a class clown who brings some lightness to otherwise dull classrooms. When a new classmate tells him he’s actually disruptive and not funny, he dismisses the opinion as inaccurate. Felix is exhibiting the stability of his ______.
a. self-esteem
b. self-awareness
c. self-concept
d. self-worth
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Our Sense of Self
Difficulty Level: Hard
21. Which is a dimension of the self?
a. actual self
b. identity markers
c. self-awareness
d. implicit personality
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Dimensions of the Self
Difficulty Level: Medium
22. ______ suggests that communication with others shapes personal identity.
a. Symbolic Interactionism Theory
b. Social Information Processing Theory
c. The theatrical performance model
d. The identity management model
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Self-Concept
Difficulty Level: Easy
23. Understanding who we are is called ______.
a. self-fulfilling prophecy
b. self-hatred
c. self-esteem
d. self-awareness
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Self-Awareness
Difficulty Level: Easy
24. Individuals who remain central in our lives are referred to as ______.
a. significant others
b. family
c. specialized others
d. intimates
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Self-Awareness
Difficulty Level: Easy
25. Understanding self-awareness is the first step in understanding ______.
a. self-esteem
b. culture
c. strangers
d. communication
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Self-Awareness
Difficulty Level: Medium
26. ______ is an evaluation of who we perceive ourselves to be.
a. Self-fulfilling prophecy
b. Self-concept
c. Self-awareness
d. Self-esteem
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Self-Esteem
Difficulty Level: Easy
27. Unlike self-concept, self-esteem involves ______.
a. perception
b. roles
c. evaluations
d. obstacles
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Self-Esteem
Difficulty Level: Medium
28. ______ occurs when predictions cause you to behave in a way that makes certain that events will occur as you imagined.
a. Self-esteem
b. Self-concept
c. Self-awareness
d. Self-fulfilling prophecy
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Difficulty Level: Easy
29. Steve thinks he’s awkward when we talks with girls, so he avoids talking with them and thus never becomes better at it. This is an example of what type of self-fulfilling prophecy?
a. other imposed
b. culture imposed
c. self-imposed
d. gender imposed
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Difficulty Level: Hard
30. Seven-year-old James’s mother calls him her “little trouble-maker.” Because she expects it of him, James misbehaves, which confirms his mother’s assessment of him. This is referred to as a(n) ______ self-fulfilling prophecy.
a. other imposed
b. culture imposed
c. self-imposed
d. gender imposed
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Difficulty Level: Hard
31. ______ refers the communication practices we use to influence how others perceive us.
a. Facework
b. Identity management
c. Presentation
d. Performance
Learning Objective: 3-4: Identify the relationship between identity management and facework
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Easy
32. When you decide on a particular way to influence how others perceive you, you are ______.
a. managing your identity
b. employing a self-fulfilling prophecy
c. being self-aware
d. organizing your thoughts
Learning Objective: 3-4: Identify the relationship between identity management and facework
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Medium
33. ______ was one of the first people to discuss identity management.
a. Sigmund Freud
b. J.J. Ryan
c. Maddie Monroe
d. Erving Goffman
Learning Objective: 3-4: Identify the relationship between identity management and facework
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Easy
34. Sociologist Erving Goffman saw people as ______.
a. audience members
b. strategists
c. performers
d. cultural products
Learning Objective: 3-4: Identify the relationship between identity management and facework
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Medium
35. Identity management always involves ______.
a. culture
b. risk
c. awareness
d. mindfulness
Learning Objective: 3-4: Identify the relationship between identity management and facework
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Medium
36. How you want others to perceive you is referred to as ______.
a. face
b. masking
c. self-esteem
d. self-concept
Learning Objective: 3-4: Identify the relationship between identity management and facework
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Identity Management and Facework
Difficulty Level: Medium
37. ______ is the set of coordinated behaviors that help us to either support or threaten our competence.
a. Risk
b. Face
c. Facework
d. Consequence
Learning Objective: 3-4: Identify the relationship between identity management and facework
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Identity Management and Facework
Difficulty Level: Medium
38. ______ pertains to how we wish to be liked by significant people in our lives.
a. Facework
b. Positive face
c. Negative face
d. Face
Learning Objective: 3-4: Identify the relationship between identity management and facework
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Identity Management and Facework
Difficulty Level: Easy
39. Our desire to have others refrain from imposing their will on us is referred to as ______.
a. facework
b. facetime
c. positive face
d. negative face
Learning Objective: 3-4: Identify the relationship between identity management and facework
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Identity Management and Facework
Difficulty Level: Easy
40. When you think about and control your behavior you are ______.
a. checking
b. self-monitoring
c. curbing
d. being mindful
Learning Objective: 3-4: Identify the relationship between identity management and facework
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Identity Management and Facework
Difficulty Level: Easy
41. An electronic extension of who someone is is referred to as ______.
a. an identity marker
b. positive face
c. negative face
d. a webring
Learning Objective: 3-5: Delineate online identity markers
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Online Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Easy
42. ______ suggests that we base our inferences about others on a few characteristics.
a. Symbolic Interactionism Theory
b. Social Information Processing Theory
c. An implicit personality approach
d. Impression management
Learning Objective: 3-5: Delineate online identity markers
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Online Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Medium
43. Patrick finds Angela attractive, so he infers she is also smart and funny. This illustrates ______.
a. an identity marker
b. self-monitoring
c. negative face
d. a positive halo
Learning Objective: 3-5: Delineate online identity markers
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Online Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Medium
44. ______ happen(s) when you put like qualities together, inferring positive qualities based on a few positive qualities or negative qualities based on a few negative qualities.
a. Symbiotic perception
b. An implicit personality approach
c. The halo effect
d. Positive face
Learning Objective: 3-5: Delineate online identity markers
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Online Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Easy
45. It is said we are all ______ because we try to uncover reasons for other’s actions.
a. amateur investigators
b. naïve psychologists
c. critical agents
d. private pollsters
Learning Objective: 3-5: Delineate online identity markers
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Online Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Medium
46. ______ suggests that our online relationships demonstrate the same kind of intimacy as face-to-face relationships.
a. Symbolic Interactionism Theory
b. Identity management
c. An implicit personality approach
d. Social Information Processing Theory
Learning Objective: 3-5: Delineate online identity markers
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Online Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Easy
47. The unconscious or strategic effort to influence another’s perception is ______.
a. impression management
b. identity management
c. other imposed
d. self-imposed
Learning Objective: 3-5: Delineate online identity markers
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Online Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Easy
48. In online environments, the ______ self consists of the attributes of an individual.
a. ideal
b. ought
c. actual
d. authentic
Learning Objective: 3-5: Delineate online identity markers
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Online Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Medium
49. ______ consists of attributes an individual should possess in online environments.
a. The ideal self
b. Negative face
c. Positive face
d. The ought self
Learning Objective: 3-5: Delineate online identity markers
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Online Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Easy
50. What are the three selves that exist in online environments?
a. actual self, shadow self, revealed self
b. actual self, ideal self, ought self
c. ideal self, authentic self, expressed self
d. ideal self, hidden self, honest self
Learning Objective: 3-5: Delineate online identity markers
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Online Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Easy
51. When we try to rid ourselves of our predisposed biases, we ______ our perceptions.
a. check
b. navigate
c. organize
d. prioritize
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Skill Set for Improving Perception Checking and Self-Actualization
Difficulty Level: Medium
52. A personal frame for viewing life and life’s events is referred as one’s ______.
a. self-concept
b. worldview
c. inferences
d. actual self
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Understand Your Personal Worldview
Difficulty Level: Easy
53. By its very nature, perception is a(n) ______ process.
a. stable
b. objective
c. incomplete
d. technical
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Realize That Perceptions Are Incomplete
Difficulty Level: Medium
54. Which is good advice when we are seeking explanation and clarification of our perceptions?
a. Begin by asking the other person to explain his or her perception.
b. Ask for explanation or clarification if you don’t understand the other person’s viewpoint.
c. Present only facts when you express your viewpoint.
d. Tell the other person what you infer his or her perception to be.
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Seek Explanation and Clarification
Difficulty Level: Medium
55. Statements based on observation are referred to as ______.
a. inferences
b. claims
c. testimony
d. facts
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Distinguish Facts From Inferences
Difficulty Level: Easy
56. ______ are personal interpretations of facts.
a. Inferences
b. Questions
c. Ideals
d. Stereotypes
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Distinguish Facts From Inferences
Difficulty Level: Easy
57. Samantha is falling asleep in her chemistry lecture. Her professor assumes she is bored and probably stayed up late last night partying. In fact, Samantha is on new medication that makes her drowsy. This illustrates the importance of ______.
a. understanding your personal worldview
b. guarding against the “tech trap”
c. distinguishing facts from inferences
d. enhancing your self-actualization
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Distinguish Facts From Inferences
Difficulty Level: Medium
58. What is the danger of the “tech trap” as it applies to perception?
a. Technology is a medium for inferences rather than facts.
b. It has created an expectation of instant gratification.
c. We often substitute technology for personal contact.
d. It increases our tolerance for rudeness.
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Guard Against the “Tech Trap”
Difficulty Level: Medium
59. It is not always ______ to have the desire or will to change your self-concept.
a. difficult
b. advisable
c. necessary
d. easy
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Seek the Desire to Change
Difficulty Level: Medium
60. Those who support and trust you as you improve your self-concept are referred to as ______.
a. relational uppers
b. stressors
c. help mates
d. friends
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Surround Yourself With Relational Uppers
Difficulty Level: Easy
True/False
1. Another word for perception is impressions.
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Understanding Interpersonal Perception
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. As long as our five senses are in working order, we play no active role in perception.
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Understanding Interpersonal Perception
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. The key to mindfulness is being able to predict consequences.
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Understanding Interpersonal Perception
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. Culture dictates how we organize and interpret stimuli.
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Culture
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. Culture affects our perception as senders, but not as receivers.
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Culture
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. Direct contact during conversation is a cultural norm for most people in the United States.
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Culture
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. Undifferentiated is the term for a person whose sex cannot be determined at birth.
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Sex and Gender
Difficulty Level: Medium
8. Everything we believe about ourselves is part of our self-concept.
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Self-Concept
Difficulty Level: Medium
9. We rely on specialized others to help develop self-awareness.
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Self-Awareness
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. Sociologist Erving Goffman saw our identity as a mask.
Learning Objective: 3-4: Identify the relationship between identity management and facework
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Identity Management and Facework
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. Maintaining face is an interactive task.
Learning Objective: 3-4: Identify the relationship between identity management and facework
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Identity Management and Facework
Difficulty Level: Easy
12. Our identities can be threatened if messages we receive do not support our positive or negative face.
Learning Objective: 3-4: Identify the relationship between identity management and facework
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Identity Management and Facework
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. An identity marker is a physical expansion of the self, such as a name tag.
Learning Objective: 3-5: Delineate online identity markers
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Online Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Medium
14. When you create a halo, whether positive or negative, for an individual, you are likely to interact with that person in a way that supports that impression.
Learning Objective: 3-5: Delineate online identity markers
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Online Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Easy
15. Our attributions are the negative inferences we form when individuals engage in behavior we don’t like or of which we don’t approve.
Learning Objective: 3-5: Delineate online identity markers
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Online Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Medium
16. Becoming self-aware of our own habits and behaviors can help make our perceptions more accurate.
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Enhancing Perceptual Accuracy
Difficulty Level: Easy
17. Your worldview is different from everyone else’s.
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Understand Your Personal Worldview
Difficulty Level: Medium
18. Perceptions must be updated as variables in our lives change.
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Realize That Perceptions Are Incomplete
Difficulty Level: Medium
19. It is important to set goals, even if there is no hope of meeting them.
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Set Reasonable Personal Goals
Difficulty Level: Easy
20. Surrounding yourself with relational uppers can help you to achieve self-actualization.
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Surround Yourself With Relational Uppers
Difficulty Level: Medium
Short Answer
1. Heather notices that her roommate, Rebecca, has left her dirty dishes in the sink again. “I always have to clean up after you. You never do the dishes,” Heather complains. Rebecca counters that actually she has done Heather’s dirty dishes a few times. Explain how Heather’s attention has led her to overlook this information.
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Attending and Selecting
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. Give an example of a situation in which mindfulness might help preserve your personal safety.
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Attending and Selecting
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. While standing at a crosswalk with accessible pedestrian signals, your friend Andreas comments, “That constant beeping and the voice telling me when to go is so annoying! Obviously, I can see that the walk sign is on.” Explain how Andreas’ comments reflect the influence of physical factors on perception.
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Physical Factors
Difficulty Level: Medium
4. Lee is feeling nervous about his upcoming solo in the choral concert. His friend Tariq tells him after rehearsal one day, “Your voice sounds great! You definitely deserve this solo.” Lee begins to feel better about his abilities and now looks forward to the concert. Identify the theory of identity formation this scenario reflects and explain why.
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Self-Concept
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. Kent tells his friends that his 3-year-old grandson loves sports and firetrucks. “He’s all boy!” Kent proclaims. Identify the organization tool Kent is using to understand his grandson’s preferences.
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Sex and Gender
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. Renata wishes she could study abroad to improve her Spanish, but she’s afraid that her language abilities are so poor that she would only make a fool of herself. She decides not to study abroad and remains embarrassed of her Spanish. Explain how Renata’s own predictions reinforced her existing self-concept.
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Difficulty Level: Medium
7. Jim has been told that he sometimes monopolizes conversations by trying to be funny. At lunch the next day, he consciously attempts to listen more than speak. Identify the behavior Jim is engaging in.
Learning Objective: 3-5: Identify the relationship between identity management and facework
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Identity Management and Facework
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. While texting with a new love interest, Maya makes sure to leave extra time before responding to his texts. Explain this decision in terms of Social Information Processing Theory.
Learning Objective: 3-5: Delineate online identity markers
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Online Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Medium
9. Agnes engages in identity management by wearing long sleeves to her job interview to cover up her tattoos. Give an example from your own life in which you have engaged in identity management.
Learning Objective: 3-4: Identify the relationship between identity management and facework
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. Give an example of a person you consider a “relational upper” in your life and explain the effect spending time with them has on your self-actualization.
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Review and Revise
Difficulty Level: Medium
Essay
1. We perceive and form impressions using all five senses: sight, touch, smell, hearing, and taste. Illustrate how you would appeal to at least four of the five senses in order to make a good impression at a job interview.
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Understanding Interpersonal Perception
Difficulty Level: Medium
2. Organizing allows us to categorize information for easy and quick interpretation, but it can also interfere with effective perception. Give an example from your life when someone’s use of organizing became problematic.
Learning Objective: 3-1: Identify the components in the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Understanding Interpersonal Perception
Difficulty Level: Hard
3. Walking through the toy section of a large retail store, you notice that two aisles are labeled “Girls’ Toys” and “Boys’ Toys.” The girls’ aisle features dolls and cookware, while the boys’ aisle features toy cars and toolsets. Analyze the effects these differences have on perceptions of gender.
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Sex and Gender
Difficulty Level: Hard
4. “Backchannels” are responses during conversation that show the listener is paying attention. In English, backchannels include “uh-huh” or “yeah.” The frequency of backchannels differs cross-culturally; for instance, the Japanese use backchannels much more often than Americans. Examine how this cultural difference in communication might affect Japanese perceptions of American conversational partners and vice versa.
Learning Objective: 3-2: Explain the influences on the perception process
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Culture
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. Sociologist Erving Goffman believed that all people “perform” their identities for the others around them. You likely perform multiple identities depending on the setting, such as a fun companion with your friends or a serious student in class. Give an example of how you perform an identity in your day-to-day life.
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Self-Concept
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. “Stereotype threat” refers to the process by which people who belong to a particular group find themselves conforming to stereotypes about that group. An example of this is a study in which female chess players performed worse against male opponents if they were first informed of the stereotype that females were worse than males at chess. Analyze the impact of stereotype threat on the formation of the self.
Learning Objective: 3-3: Discuss the Dimensions of the Self
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Difficulty Level: Hard
7. Pam, Rhonda, and Anton are discussing their English project over lunch. “I just want to get it done as soon as possible. I could care less where we meet!” says Pam. Rhonda, who considers herself a grammar expert, knows that Pam actually means she couldn’t care less. Analyze the social effects of Rhonda correcting and not correcting Pam in terms of facework.
Learning Objective: 3-4: Identify the relationship between identity management and facework
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Identity Management and Facework
Difficulty Level: Medium
8. “Pictivism” is a term that describes changing one’s social media profile picture to support a cause or express solidarity. Explain how “pictivism” is a reflection of online identity management.
Learning Objective: 3-5: Delineate online identity markers
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Online Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Hard
9. Understanding how your personal worldview affects your perceptions is an important way to enhance perceptual accuracy. Give an example of a time when awareness of your personal worldview allowed you to revise a previous judgment.
Learning Objective: 3-6: Select skills for enhancing perception checking and self-actualization
REF: Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Understand Your Personal Worldview
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. You receive a job application from an applicant whose email address is Surferd00d99@hotmail.com. Examine the effect this email address would have on your perception of the applicant and discuss how the applicant could improve those perceptions.
Learning Objective: 3-5: Delineate online identity markers
REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Online Identity Management
Difficulty Level: Medium